EUPHORBIACEAE

PHYLLANTHACEAE
- Euphorbiaceae, spurge family of flowering plants (order Malpighi ales), containing some
6,745 species in 218 genera. Many members are important food sources. Others are useful
for their waxes and oils and as a source of medicinal drugs; dangerous for their poisonous
fruits, leaves, or sap; or attractive for their colorful bracts (leaf like structures located just
below flower clusters) or unusual forms.
- Phyllanthaceae is a family of flowering plants in the eudicot order Malpighiales.

PICTURES NAME DETAIL

SIZE: 5-10m tall:

trunk size 10cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen,
dioecious (with
male and female
plants)

HABITAT:
Secondary forests,
thickets and open
rocky grounds
BANATO
(Mallotusphilippinensis) BUILDING MATERIAL
: No

The banato is a
gregarious species
useful for
regenerating
forests. Its
appearance also
qualifies it to be an
ornamental tree.
Beauty conscious
women love its
seed oil for its
efficacy in
cosmetic
preparations. Any
of its parts may be
 used to treat
parasitic infections
of the skin and;
leaves may be
used for fodder.
Ripe fruit granules
are used as dye
and preservative
for vegetable oils
and dairy products.

SIZE: Up to 8m
tall; trunk size
25cm diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Thickets,
wasteland, open
spaces an
second-growth
forests at low and
medium altitudes

BINUNGA BUILDING
(Macaranga tanarius) MATERIALS : yes

The binunga is
suitable for the
natural
regeneration of
deforested land
as it is a fast-
growing pioneer
species. In
southern Sumatra
binunga has
been used by
pepper growers
to make
temporary
ladders to
 harvest the crop.
Its wood was
popular for
making the once-
ubiquitous bakya
(wooden clogs).
A decoction of
the binunga’s
root-bark may be
applied topically
on wounds, but
not including its
sap, which is
sticky as glue.

SIZE: Up to 3m tall

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Primary
forests at low
medium altitudes

BUILDING
MATERIAL: Yes
MALABAGANG
(Glochidion album) Malabagang
means “molar-like”,
and this tree’s
curious-looking,
yellow-green fruits
have the size and
appearance of
molars, including
parallel grooves.
Malabagang
wood is prized as
fuel.
 SIZE: Up to 20m tall:
trunk size 20cm
diameter

TYPE:Evergeen

HABITAT: Re-growth
thickets, roadsides;
in primary forests at
low and medium
altitudes

BUILDING
MATERIAL: Yes

Alim is a drugstore
of sort. Its leaves,
ALIM
when ground with
(Melanolepsismultiglandulosa)
ginger, serve as an
ointment to treat
dandruff and
flaking skin; when
dried and crushed,
it may be taken
with cold water to
treat constipation,
tuberculosis, and
chest pains. It is
said to be powerful
enough to shock
worms out of
infested bodies. Its
tiny clustered fruit is
a favorite food for
many bird species.
 SIZE: Small tree up
to 3m tall

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT:
Secondary forests,
thickets and open
rocky ground; very
resistant to drought

BIGNAY PUGO BUILDING

(Antidesmapentandrum) MATERIAL:No

A sister of the more

popular bignay,
bignay pugo is
smaller and its fruits
are sourer. A
household with this
tree in its backyard
will never run out of
vinegar.

SIZE: 3 to 10m tall:

trunk size 20cm
diameter
BIGNAY
TYPE: Evergreen
(Antidesmabunuis)
HABITAT: Thickets
and open slopes, in
towns and
communities and
 occasionally in
forests from
Northern Luzon to
Mindanao

BUILDING
MATERIAL: No

The bignay’s
cascading cherry-
like fruits are green
when young, and
turn to red and
deep purple when
ripe. You might
want to harvest
bignay fuits before
the birds get them!
Substitute the
green fruits for
vinegar when
cooking sour dishes
(sinigang! Paksiw!);
preserve the red
ones as jam or as
wine or juice to
ease a fever; and
eat the purple ones
with a sprinkling of
salt to be fortified
with iron.

SIZE: Up to 5m tall;
trunk size 25cm
diameter
BIGNAY KALABAW
TYPE: Evergreen
(Antidesmapleuricum)
HABITAT: Primary
lowland forests in
Luzon, Burias,
Samar, Siargao,
Mindanao
 BUILDING
MATERIAL: No

Traditional Filipino
healers immerse
and crush bignay
berries in a glass of
water as a potent
drink to bring down
a fever. Very rich in
anti-oxidants,
bignay berries rival
their foreign
counterparts in
usefulness and size.
Mabuhay and
sarilingatin!
Unknown to many
of us, the
Philippines has 24
different species of
bignay, of which
more than half are
found only in our
country. But due to
its limited
distribution and the
destruction of
habitat, this species
could become
endangered.

MYRTACEAE
LAURACEAE
- Myrtaceae, the myrtle family of shrubs and trees, in the order Myrtales, containing about
150 genera and 3,300 species that are widely distributed in the tropics. All species are
woody, contain essential oils, and have flower parts in multiples of four or five.
- Laurel order of flowering plants. Members of Laurales are trees, shrubs, or woody vines. Most
are found in tropical or warm temperate climates, and they are especially abundant in
regions with moist equable climates. Lumber, medicinal extracts such as camphor, and
essential oils for perfume are derived from some Laurales species, and several are important
ornamentals.
PICTURES NAME DETAIL

SIZE: Up tom 25m tall;

trunk size 80cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Very limited

habitat mainly Dinagat
Island, Surigao,
Homonhon Island in
Samar, Leyte, Palawan
and Sibuyan; usually
near seashores in
ultramafic soil.

BUILDING MATERIAL :
MANGKONO Yes
(Xanthostemonverdugonianus)
The mangkono is
described as nature’s
superstar for its lovely
red and white flowers.
It is known as the
Philippines “ironwood”
for its luxurious timber
of extraordinary
density. It attains a
7cm diameter after
only ten years. It grows
best in soil where
minerals like copper
and nickel are present.
Mangkono wood sinks
is water and is immune
from termites.
 SIZE: A medium-sized
tree up to 20m tall

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Found in
Nueva Ecija, Bulacan,
Rizal, Quezon and
Sorsogon

BUILDING MATERIAL:
Yes

MALABALTIK The Filipino word

(Syzgium offline) “baltik” means “a fit of
anger” or “bad
temper”. Malabatik
wood is prized among
house builders,
carpenters and
furniture makers all
over Luzon. It is sturdy
enough for posts,
poles, window sills,
flooring, implements
and fiber board.
 SIZE: Up to 20m tall; trunk
size 70cm diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Luzon, Mindoro,

Sibuyan Island; in forest
slopes and along streams
at low and medium
TUMULAD
altitudes.
(Syzgiummerrittianum)
BUILDING MATERIAL: Yes

Its clusters of fluffy and

showy strawberry-pink
flowers make this a lovely
ornamental tree. True to
its genus, the tumolad is
a medium to heavy
hardwood used for
house construction as
posts and poles.

SIZE: Up to 20m tall:

trunk size is 25cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

MAKAASIM HABITAT: Sibuyan Island

(Syzgium sp.) along the coasts
Syzgium is one of the
most robust genera in
the plant kingdom.

BUILDING MATERIAL :
Yes

Consisting of hundreds
 of species, the non-
native trees duhat,
makopa and tampoy,
as well at the native
igot, lipote and haggis,
all belong to this
species. The fruits of
both these native and
non-native trees are
edible, many of them
sour; hence the name.

SIZE: Up to 20m; trunk

size 25cm diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: From Luzon to

Mindanao; in primary
forests at low to
medium altitudes

Building material : yes

HAGIS This native fruit tree has

(Syzgiumtripinnatum) clustered white-pinkish
flowers that are showy
when in full bloom.

Its fruit looks like the

fruit of the non-native
macopa in
shape and color. The
haggis fruit may be
eaten raw or made
into juice, jam or jelly
 TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Mindoro,
Guimaras, Basilan,
Mindanao; in primary
forests at low and
medium altitudes

BUILDING MATERIAL :
No

The puso-puso tree is

known for its leaves
PUSO- PUSO
which, when mixed
(Actinodaphnemultiflorum)
with mortar, yield a
glutinous substance
that produces strong
glue. Because of its
leaf groupings, the
Malaysian name for
this species is
“payong”, which
means umbrella in
both Bahasa and
Filipino. Like many
umbrellas, its underleaf
is a lighter shade that
its topside.

SIZE: Up to 20m; trunk

SABLOT size 60cm diameter
(Litseaglutinosa)
TYPE: Deciduous

HABITAT: Secondary
 forests and thickets at
low and medium
altitudes

BUILDING MATERIAL :
No

Sablot is a member of
the aromatic laurel
family trees whose
leaves are used in
cooking adobo. The oil
from its seeds are used
to make candles and
soaps. A row of sablot
trees may be seen on
the middle island of
Padre Burgos, which
stretches for 200
meters from Roxas
Boulevard.

SIZE: Up to 30m tall;

MARANG LAPARAN trunk size 80cm
(Litseagrandis) diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Common in
lowland to
mountainous forests
and in peat swamps

BUILDING MATERIALS:
 Yes

Maranglaparan is an
important source of
light to medium
hardwood for sturdy
furniture and wood
carving.

SIZE: Up to 36m tall;

trunk size 25cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Primary and

secondary forests
along rivers, in
swamps, also in hill
forests

BUILDING MATERIAL:Yes
MALAABUKADO
(Litseacordata)
There is some
confusion with this
tree’s name. For
botanists the official
name of the species is
“marang”, but this is
not to be confused
with the native fruit
that competes with
the durian in taste and
smell, named by the
botanists
marangbanguhan.
Malaabukado/marang
wood is used for light
 construction, for
interior finishing and
cabinets.

SIZE: Up to 30m tall;

trunk size 60m
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Throughout
the Philippine in
lowland and
mountainous forests

BUILDING MATERIAL:
No
KALINGAG
(Cinnamomummercadoi)
Cinnamomum, also
know as
camphorwood, is

mentioned in several
biblical passages. One
of the Philippines’
endemic cinnamons,
kalingag boasts of a
long list of medical
uses. Its cinnamon is
used to brew root
beer.

SIZE: 12m tall

TYPE: Evergreen
PATALSIK- PULA
(Decaspermumblancoi) HABITAT: Throughout
the Philippines; in
lowland and
mountainous forests;
along streams and in
 swamp forests

Building Material: Yes

Patalsik-pula enhances
gardens and roadsides
with its beautiful
blooms. Its name
already evokes the
splendor of its
attractive flowers. In
Java the species is
found as second storey
in forestry plantations.
Although hardly
logged for its timber, its
wood can be used to
produce small objects
like tool handles and
rice pounders.

SIZE: Up to 10m tall;

trunk size 20cm
diameter
MINDANAO CINNAMON
(Cinnamomummindanaense) TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Surigao,
Davao, Zamboanga;
in lowland and
mountainous forests

BUILDING MATERIAL:
yes

Among the
cinnamons, the bark of
 this species is
considered one of the
best found in the
Philippines. It can be
brewed into a fresh
and nutritious
breakfast drink.

LAMIACEAE
ANNONACEAE
- Lamiaceae, formerly called Labiatae, the mint family of flowering plants, the
largest family of the order Lamiales. Lamiaceae is distributed nearly worldwide, and
many species are cultivated for their fragrant leaves and attractive flowers. The
family is particularly important to humans for herb plants useful for flavor, fragrance,
or medicinal properties.
- Annonaceae, the custard apple, or annona, family, the largest family of the magnolia
order (Magnoliales) with. The family consists of trees, shrubs, and woody climbers found
mainly in the tropics, although a few species extend into temperate regions. Many species
are valuable for their large pulpy fruits, some are useful for their timber, and others are
prized as ornamentals. Bark, leaves, and roots of several species are important in folk
medicine, and others are important sources of perfume and spice.

PICTURES NAME DETAIL

SIZE: A treelet that

grows from 1.4m to 4m

TYPE: Evergreen
LAGUNDING DAGAT HABITAT: Along the
(Vitex trifolia) seashores

BUILDING MATERIAL:
No

The lagundingdagat,
whose scientific name
 refers to its cluster of
tree leaves, can be
compared to
basketball’s 3-point
clincher, not just for its
numeric association
but in terms of its
importance. Like its
sibling lagundi, it
provides a potent cure
to various ailments.

SIZE: Up to 20m tall;

trunk size 80cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Thickets
and secondary
forests at low
altitudes

ALAGAU BUILDING MATERIAL :

(Premmaadorata) No

Insects that prey on

dengue-carrying
mosquitos are
attracted to the
fragrant
alagauwhich has
become their natural
habitat. Steeped in
hot water, the leaves
are also a good cure
for coughs. Plant an
alagau tree in your
backyard and be
rewarded with a
dengue-free zone,
 cooking condiments,
a fragrant
environment and a
beautiful tree.

SIZE: Up to 20m tall;

trunk size 80cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Thickets
and secondary
forests at low
altitudes

BUILDING MATERIAL :
Yes
MOLAVE Insects that prey on
(Vitex parviflora) dengue-carrying
mosquitos are
attracted to the
fragrant alagau
which has become
their natural habitat.
Steeped in hot
water, the leaves are
also a good cure for
coughs. Plant an
alagau tree in your
backyard and be
rewarded with a
dengue-free zone,
cooking condiments,
a fragrant
environment and a
beautiful tree.
 SIZE: Up to 40m tall;
trunk size 80cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Luzon,
Leyte, Cebu and
Mindanao; on
primary lowland
rainforests

BUILDING MATERIAL :
Yes
BOLON
(Playmitraarborea) Bolon is on the trees
described by Father
Blanco in his book
Flora de Filipinas. The
religious connection
does not end there.
The tree’s latin name
Platymitra is Greek
for flat-mitre,
referring to the
shape of the petals
that resemble
bishops’sheaddresss.
The bolon wood is
regarded as a
substitute for hard
maple. There are
only two species in
the genus Platymira:
One variety is found
in other Southeast
Asian countries,
 whereas bolon is only
found in the
Philippines.

SIZE: Up to 20m tall;

trunk size 60cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Forested
areas up to 800m
altitude
ILANG- ILANG
(Cnangaadorata) Building Material: Yes

Ilang-ilang (or ylang-

ylang) blooms
perfume many a
Filipino memory. The
curly and fragrant
flowers dangle at the
end of beautiful leis
presented to loved
ones, dignitaries and
religious icons. In
Australia, the ilang-
ilang tree is used for
rainforest
regeneration due to
its fast growth and
fauna-attracting
fruit. On the coast of
East Africa, ylang-
 ylang plantations
produce tons of
flowers which are
harvested and dried
to make perfume,
such as the famous
Chanel No. 5.

SIZE: Up to 20m tall;

trunk size 20cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Throughout
the Philippines; in
forests at low and
medium altitude

YELLOW LANATAN
(Viticipremmaphilippinensis)
BUILDDING MATERIAL:
yes
This tree is known by
different names:
duhat-matsing,
baling manok,
duhuat-duhatan,
tagputagpuan. A
famous member of
this genre is the
Polythialongifolia,
known locally as the
Indian tree or the
cemetery tree, an
introduced species.
Yellow lanutan
timber is dry and
termite-resistant,
 making it a popular
choice for building
houses.

SIZE: Up to 25m tall;

trunk size 80cm
diameter
TYPE: Evergreen
HABITAT: Primary
lowland forests

BUILDING MATERIAL:
Yes

The lingo-lingo tree is

a tragedy in the
making. It is known to
be a fast growing
species that is
perfect for
reforestation.
LINGO- LINGO
(Viticipremnaphilippinensis) However, it is heavily
depleted due to
habitat destruction
and is in serious
danger of genetic
erosion. Unlessthis
trend I reversed, the
Philippines would be
deprived of its wood,
which is used for
construction, musical
instruments, and
household and
agricultural
implements.
 SIZE: Up to 15m tall;
trunk size 20cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Ilocos
Norte, Ilocos Sur,
Abra, Pangasinan,
Quezon, Rizal,
Batangas, Negros,
Bohol, Mindanao; in
forests at low and
medium altitudes.

BUILDING MATERIAL
AMUYONG :Yes
(Ganiathalamusamuyon)
The Hanunuo
Mangyan tribe of
Mindoro burns fresh
amuyong bark to
control rice bugs and
corn borers. The bark
is used to weave
ropes in an attractive
apricot-buff color.
Amuyong seeds are
cooked with oil and
used as liniment for
rheumatism, while its
fruit is used as
medicine to ease
stomach ache.
 SIZE: Up to 8m tall;
trunk size 6cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Primary and

second-growth forest
at low and medium
altitudes

BUILDING MATERIAL:
No

This is a good
candidate to be the
official tree of the
BAGAWAK MORADO
University of the
(Clerodendrumquadriloculare)
Philippines. Its leaves
are deep green with
maroon undersides,
in perfect
consonance with the
university colors. It is
a small ornamental
tree with festive
blooms and striking
foliage. Butterflies
love its nectar.
Boholanos call it
pebrero because if
blooms in February,
while others call it
the “Mexican
firecracker” because
its pink flowers, with
its long tubular
throats appear like
exploding fireworks.
 SIZE: Up to 18m tall;
trunk size 20cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Throughout
the Philippines; in
forest at low and
medium altitudes
TANGISANG BAGYO BUILDING MATERIAL:
(Xylopiadensifolia) No

Such a sad name for

a tree: Tangissi
“grief” in Filipino,
bagyo means
“typhoon”, and its
scientific name
Xylopia means bitter-
wood in Greek. The
genus Xylopia in the
Annonaceae family
is the only genus that
is shared among
Asia, Africa and
America with 160
species.
 SIZE: Up to 8m tall;
trunk size 5-8
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Near bodies

of water, disturbed
land, grasslands and
mixed open forests
LAGUNDI
( Vitex negundo) BUILDING MATERIAL:
No

The different parts of

the wondrous
lagundi tree may be
used to cure any of
the following
ailments: colds, flu,
bronchial asthma,
chronic bronchitis
and pharyngitis.
Lagundi products are
among the ten
herbal medicines
acknowledged by
the Philippine
Department of
 Health to have
proven therapeutic
value. Lagundi is also
used by agriculturists
to protect stored
garlic from pests.

SIZE: Up to 7m tall;
trunk size 20cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Widely
distributed in the
Philippines; in primary
and secondary
KALIMATAS
forests
(Phaeahthusebracteolatus)
Building Material :Yes

Kalamitas contains
the syllables “mata” ,
the Filipino word for
eye. Coincindentally,
the bark solution of
this species is
popular for treating
sore eyes. It may also
be used as an
antispasmodic, a
cure for ulcers and
small wounds.
 SIZE: Up to 15m tall;
trunk size 5cm
diameter

TYPE: Deciduous

HABITAT: Luzon with

San Juan and Lobo,
Batangas as its natural
habitat; also found in
Iling Island, Mindoro; in
thickets and
secondary forests at
low altitudes.

BUILDING MATERIAL
PHILIPPINE TEAK :Yes
(Tectonaphilippinensis)
The tree’s local name,
malapangit, does not
do it justice. Philippine
teak produces a
bonanza of bluish to
purple/lilac blooms in
summer. The tree’s
other folk name,
malabayabas, is more
appropriate because
its flaky and thin bark is
similar to the guava
tree. Its scientific name
Tectona refers to the
Greek word for carpenter.
Teak wood was used to build
and repair galleon ships
during the Spanish colonial
era.
 SIZE: Up to 15m tall;
trunk size 40cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Laguna, La
Union, Cavite,
Batangas, Quezon,
Rizal, Camarines,
Negros, Davao

Building Material :
Yes

Baguilimbang, a
moderately fast-
growing tree, is a
BAGUILUMBANG source of oil. It may
(Reutealistrisperma) also be used as a
living fence and an
ornamental tree. It is
a hardly tree that
can withstand
drought even with
minimal care. As

the name implies,

lumbang and
baguilumbang are
relatives. Several of
these trees species
have been planted
along the
northbound lane of
NLEX at 19-20km .
DIVERSE FAMILY SPECIES

PICTURES NAME DETAIL

SIZE: Up to 30m tall;

trunk size 70 cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Luzon,
Catanduanes, Mindoro,
Sibuyan, Leyte,
Mindanao; in forests at
low and medium
altitudes

Building Material : Yes

Tamayuan produces a
heavy wood used for
TAMAYUAN posts, joists and rafters,
(Strombosiaphilippinensis) mining props, railway
ties and ax handles.
Indeed, tamayuan has
helped build this
country! Its fruit is
shaped like a toy top;

hence the Greek name

Strombosia. The pulp of
the fruit is eaten raw,
mostly by rats which
help to propagate its
seeds.
 SIZE: Up to 40m tall;
trunk size 70cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Rocky and

sandy hills in coastal
areas and inland up to
600m altitude

BUILDING MATERIAL :
Yes

LIUSIN Liusin is world-famous as

(Maranthescorymbasa) the ideal timber for
saltwater construction,
especially in building
wharves, as its wood is
resistant to marine and
other wood borers. Its
seed oil is used for paint
manufacturing. Its fruit
is edible and dispersed
by hornbills and fruit
pigeons.
 SIZE: Up to 30m tall;
trunk size 80cm
diameter

TYPE: Deciduous

HABITAT: Forests and in

comparative open, dry
habitats

BUILDING MATERIAL : No

Banaba is well known

for its attractive clusters
BANABA of purple flower, its
(Lagerstroemia speciose) savory tea leaves that
treat urinary tract
ailments and diabetes
and its beneficial bark
that counters diarrhea
and abdominal pains. If
only for its explosion of
violet blooms, banaba
is the perfect roadside
tree. Its root system is
widespread and dense
and should be
popularize as a prime
species for controlling
erosion and for
reforestation.

SIZE: Up to 12m; trunk

size 30cm
KATMON TYPE: Evergreen
(Dilleniaphilippinensis) HABITAT: Throughout
the Philippines in low to
medium altitude forests

BUILDING MATERIAL :
Yes
 In the Singapore
Botanical Gardens,
rows of katmon
welcome visitors with a
marker that proudly
credits their origin:
“Dilleniaphilippinensis”.
The katmon is one of
our most beautiful trees
and is ideal for the
beautification of our
cityscape. No wonder
many barangays and
towns have a street
named after this tree.

SIZE: Up to 35m tall;

trunk size 80cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Primary and

secondary forests,
sometimes found in
PAGSAHINGIN open forest and
(Canarium asperum) savannas at low
altitudes up to 500m

BUILDING MATERIAL : No

The names of products

of exceptional quality
and economic
importance refer to its
origin, i.e. Manila
hemp, Manila folder.
Likewise, pagsahingin’s
resin is known in the
 trade as the “Manila
elemi”. The root word
sahing means resin, the
tree produces this
substance in good
quantity, and is used for
various economic and
medicinal purposes.
The tree also has a zany
nickname, “rocky nut”,
owing to its hard seeds.

SIZE: Up to 10m tall;

trunk size 10-15cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Thickets and

secondary forest at low
and medium altitudes

BUILDING MATERIAL :No

MAMALIS
(Pittosporum pentandrum) The Mamalis, whose
fruit is clustered like
orange grapes, is used
in the production of
wooden beads for
ethnic-inspired jewelry.
The fruit yields an oil,
which is used in baths
by women after
childbirth. Author
Margaret Barwick, in
her book Tropical and
Subtropical Trees,
classified Mamalis as
endemic to the
Philippines, and
 described the fruit as
“bright, waxy and
perfect…they look
artificial and are
pinned on for
decoration”.

SIZE: Up to 2m tall

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Secondary
and primary
vegetation, thickets
and secondary forests,
especially along
streams at low and
medium altitudes; from
the Babuyan Islands
and northern Luzon to
MALI- MALI
Mindanao and
(Leeaguineensis)
Palawan, in most or all
islands and provinces

BUILDING MATERIAL: No

Sometimes planted as
an ornamental for its
profuse berries, the
mali-mali may just be
the cure for the
Filipinos’ fractious
politics. Its leaves are
used for treating bad
blood. Hey, let warring
politicians try this one!
 SIZE: Up to 35m tall; trunk
size 80cm diameter

TYPE: Deciduous

HABITAT: Moist lowland

forests and riverbanks

BUILDING MATERIAL: YES

Tuai is a fast-growing
native tree that reaches
maturity in just ten years.
Filipinos value its durable
timber for use under
water; it is also known as
“Bishop Wood” in trade
circles. Its young leaves
are edible and the
reddish brown dye
TUAI extracted from its inner
(Bischofiajavanica) bark has many uses.
When introduced in
California and Florida, it
was considered an
invasive species.
The dark red, dense wood
is used as a building
material for items ranging
from furniture to bridges; it
is durable but is difficult to
air-dry. The fruits are used
in making wine. The seeds,
which are edible, contain
30-54% oil, which is used
as a lubricant.
 SIZE: Up to 25m tall; trunk size
60cm diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Coastal hills, inland

fringes of mangrove
vegetation

Building Material: No, The

immature fruits are pickled
and are also used as a
vegetable fodder. The
ANONANG leaves also yield good
(Cordia dichotoma) fodder. The seed kernel has
medicinal properties.
medical citation needed It is
often cultivated for its fruits
throughout the range of its
natural distribution.

Anonang is a valuable
source of glue and gum. In
Australia, it is known as Glue
Berry because of the sticky
latex of its yellowish pink fruit.
In upland rice fields, the
branches are used to repel
termites. Anonang is a
decorative tree.

SIZE: Up to 25m tall; trunk

size 60cm diameter

TYPE: Evergreen
MALA- PAPAYA
(Polyscias nodosa) HABITAT: Open thickets
and secondary forest,
mostly at low altitudes

BUILDING MATERIAL: Yes

(Durable Fence Post and
Handles)
 It also used for medical
purposes such as purpuric
fever and delay
pregnancy in Mindanao
furthermore, the leaves
are used to stupify fish.
Due to its unique
appearance,
malapapaya is ideal as a
centerpiece tree for
accent landscaping. But
unlike its namesake, the
malapapaya is not
famous for its fruit. Its
wood is used to produce
small and light objects like
boxes, matches, pencil
slats, popsicle sticks,
toothpicks, chopsticks
and ice cream spoons.

MORACEAE
MALVACEAE
COMBRETACEAE
- Moraceae, the mulberry family of the rose order (Rosales), with about 40 genera and some
1,000 species of deciduous or evergreen trees and shrubs, distributed mostly in tropical and
subtropical regions. Plants of the family contain a milky latex and have alternate or
opposite leaves and small, petalless male or female flowers. The fruits of many species are
multiple because fruits from different flowers become joined together.
- Malvaceae, the hibiscus, or mallow, family (order Malvales) Representatives occur in all
except the coldest parts of the world but are most numerous in the tropics. A number of
species are economically important,
including cotton , cacao, linden , durian , Hibiscusand okra .
- The Combretaceae, often called the white mangrove family, are a family of flowering
plants in the order Myrtales. The family includes about 530 species of trees, shrubs, and
lianas in ca 10 genera. The family includes the leadwood tree, Combretum imberbe .
PICTURES NAME DETAIL

SIZE: Up to 30m tall;

trunk size 50cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Throughout
the Philippines; in
lowland forests and
thickets

BUIDLING MATERIAL: Yes

(It is utilized for high-
grade construction,
such as bridges,
ANUBING
wharves and railroad)
(Artocarpusovatus)
Anubing is popular for
its strong and durable
wood. It produces
useful latex called
Anubing Gum. Children
are delighted to play
with its leaves because
of its Velcro-like
underleaf that firmly
sticks to articles of
clothing. Another local
name for anubing is kili-
kili (armpit), so called
because of the smell of
its rotten fruit.

SIZE: Up to 30m tall;

DUNGON- LATE
trunks size 50cm
(Heritieralittoralis)
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Inland zones

 of mangrove swamps

BUILDING MATERIAL: No
but, it is valued for boat
building. It is also good
for raw material to be
made into wrapping
and printing.

Dungon-late is called
the Looking Glass Tree
because its silver and
cropped-hued
underleaf becomes
transparent when
illuminated by the sun.
This species has a place
in our history; it was

used in making the

balangay, a wooden
boat used by pre-
colonial seafaring
Filipinos.

SIZE: Up to 30m

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: We might be
forgiven for thinking this
ANTIPOLO tree could only be
(Artocarpusblancoi) found in the hills of
Antipolo Riza Province it
grows throughout the
Philippines, especially in
Luzon, Mindanao and
Negros, in thickets and
forest of low and
medium altitude.
 BUILDING MATERIAL: Yes
(For house post and
other purposes such as
making musical
instrument but, it is only
locally used in light
construction. The fruit
can be cooked and
eaten.)

This tree is associated

with the statue of the
Virgin Mary in Antipolo,
believed to be
miraculous, and a
famous song.

SIZE: Up to 25m tall;

trunk size 80 cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Throughout
SAKAT the Philippines; in
(Terminalia microcarpa) primary forests at low
and medium altitudes

BUILDING MATERIAL: Yes

Sakat wood is used for

furniture and general
construction. It is also
used as boat planks,
although some experts
caution that it may not
withstand exposure to
 the elements. The bark
is a source of yellow
dye material.

SIZE: Up to 35m tall;

trunk size 100cm
diameter

TYPE: Deciduous

HABITAT: Widely
distributed in primary
and secondary forests
at low altitudes

BUILDING MATERIAL: Yes

(For both light and
KALUMPIT heavy construction
(Terminoliamicrocarpa) such as making posts
and beams of house
and furnitures)

This is a beautiful tree.

Its bark is used in
tanneries. Its bright red
and fleshy fruit is edible
as a jam preserve, but
more importantly it is
used to sweeten and
age lambanog (Filipno
coconut arrack).
 SIZE: Up to 20m tall;
trunk size 15cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Sibuyan
Island

BUILDING MATERIAL: Yes

(It is a Timber that is
good for renewal
building material.)

BATITIN- AN The batitin-an belongs

(Terminolia sp.) to a large family of
flowering trees that
have at least 100
known members in
various tropical regions,
e.g. the talisay. The
trees are famous for
producing flavonoids,
tannins, and aromatics.
The batitin-an leaves
are unique in that these
grow only at the tip of
its shoots; hence,
Terminalia.
 SIZE: Up to 10m tall;
trunk size 30cm
diameter

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Primary or
secondary forests; on
riverbanks and often on
alluvial soil

BAYOK BUILDING MATERIAL: Yes

(Pterospermumdiversifolium)
The fast-growing bayok
has many uses. Its bark
is used for making
posts, beams, joists,
rafters, flooring,
sheathings, ceilings,
furniture, tool handles,
carriage and wagon
shafts. It is even used for
making baseball bats.
As native trees go, the
bayok is a home-run!
 SIZE: Up to 15m high;
trunk size 5 to 10cm
developing suckers
from the base

TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Thickets,
secondary forests and
deserted clearings and
sometimes in riverine
forests

BUILDING MATERIAL: No
but, it is a forest based
TAN- AG raw material which is
(Kleinhoviahospita) good for furniture and
handicrafts.
This is a genius of a
single well-known
species, the tan-ag. The
species is called “Guest
Tree” as it hosts various
epiphytes, lizards,
insects and snakes in its
natural habitat. In local
parlance, the tan-ag is
a preferred tambayan!
Its flowers are showy
pink, rich in nectar; the
fruit is a papery capsule
with a few seeds.

SIZE: Up to 15m tall;

trunk size 30cm
MALANANGKA diameter
(Parartocarpusvenenosus)
TYPE: Evergreen

HABITAT: Lowland
primary forests
 BUILDING MATERIAL: Yes

Malanangka is so-
named because its fruit
resembles a small
jackfruit. Although the
fruit is edible, its seeds
are believed to be
poisonous. In Papua
New Guinea, the seeds
are pounded and
mixed with lime to treat
sores. Its wood is used
for light construction,
boxes, and crates,
especially for core
layers in plywood.

SIZE: Up to 30m tall;

trunk size 50cm
diameter

TYPE: Briefly deciduous

HABITAT: Luzon,
Quezon, Mindoro,
Sibuyan, Palawan,
MALAKALUMPANG Guimaras, and Sulu; in
(Sterculia ceramic) primary and secondary
forests, near coasts on
sandy clay soil

BUIDLING MATERIAL: Yes

Malakalumpang is
prized as soft timber,
used for interior trim,
packing cases,
paneling, shutters,
veneer, blinds, boxes
 and crates, and interior
building materials. Early
Filipinos used its inner
bark to make rope and
its pulp to make paper.

SIZE: Up to 10m tall;

trunk size 140cm
diameter

TYPE: Deciduous;
dioecious (with male
and female plants)

HABITAT: All over the

Philippines; in open
grasslands, dry thickets
and forested creek
HIMBABA- O banks; recently
(Broussonetialuzonica) recorded also in
Celebes

BUILDING MATERIAL: No
but, the timber is used
for paneling, furniture,
cabinetry, gun-stocks,
musical instruments,
boat planking,
butchers' block.

This tree has flowers

that look like green
worms. But the flowers
and the leaves of male
trees are acclaimed as
vegetables: known as
alocon to the Ilocanos;
 Babayan to the Aetas;
and alibagbag to the
Ybanag. Of the seven
species that comprise
the genus, only the
B.luzonica yields timber;
in the Bicol region, the
tree is planted to shade
abaca.

SIZE: Up to 25m tall;

trunk size 90cm
diameter

TYPE: Deciduous

HABITAT: Evergreen or
deciduous forests or
open forests in dry
areas

BUILDING MATERIAL: No
(It can be used making
furniture but mostly it is
uses for floaters or
rafting heavy boats)
TALUTO
(Pterocymbiumtinctorium)

This is a fast-growing
tree that reaches its
mature height of 25m in
11 years. Its wood is
popular among
carpenters and artisans
as it is easy to work
with. Its bark is made
into rope and is used to
enhance black dye.