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    KHẨU NGỮ TRUNG CẤP

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    4 views214 pages

    Khẩu Ngữ Trung Cấp

    Uploaded by

    Phương Thảo Vy

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 214

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    wH~: ~~:fl~;JJ~~~~Jf~iPJJL, t5i~J:1:1$o !!X, ~14~~ il?.~~__t sP6?
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    ~Jh~~: {~{$~~:k¥-:kJJt!J'~T, ~*JVt*TPI~~1J·? ~:;f{~~~:ltJXlP!iPJ?
    n$:~~.W~~-i':k~.~~-:;f~-.~~-~~~----~o
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    :fl Jk{4 T {J}j'Jj)}' {J}~~:;ff!t~~o
    n$:W8-~.~~~frj)},~~~A+TN:frj)},*#•!fi::t~~~
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    1. I*J (xian) ~{±: ffi~§~~:fl$'1f~, ~:fl$'1f~~~T o


    2. ffiJf _~IS=~: ~ :;lik JA #:i m "ffiJf _ ~ rs _ ~, ~ !:l ::f~ ::f~ ( tengfengbubu
    sew and mend) Y..-=:: ~ " * I¥J , ~ Ji!1, :;lik 1~ l'f 1!fi' , l'f {ft ( economical) , - {4-;;&
    3~~1~~~0
    4i ~ I¥J =- ~ ;\. s :;lik :tr:r ::k -=p o
    3 . _ ;\. -=p :
    4. :k~ ( kuan) : ffi ~~ 1it::ff •1¥1 Ao
    5. ~{'* (clhou serve): ffi~;litA~JtlN~i@t, *'L'~f AI¥J S 1it~ffl o
    6. ~mJL: ffi#:tm (proverb) o
    7. :;fP)f~)\_~, lll::t ( kui suffer losses) ~0~ M: ~:;ljk-1ij{~m, ~Ji!1,:;1ik~A::ff
    ~Hi. ~m=*:;fllff{fhffJI¥Jm, !:bl::§9t~lll:-7§", ~1J!~ (sunshT loss)o
    8. ~Jll!~ (chuiTpTn): 1itffi!Z3ml::A:;f:!lf}9f!V.11PX;1fl~ilii¥J*Iffio
    9. :km ( shuai) ~ (markdown sale) : mr Ji5 ( 1it 1it tE -=p 1N s ~ ~ JJtll¥1 s -r) 1JpX;
    1fl~*lffi 0

    2
    1. ff.Rils.f (nl yo), -~II%~=¥~~
    ~~~w~m.~~mwA~~~~~-~-~0
    It is used in conversation only, indicating that the speaker is dissatisfied with the
    person whom he is talking with.
    ( 1) 1;f- ~ , ,'t- Z. ~-f-.~, JL% i]f $(. , it$(. ~ llf!. T - Mi o
    (2) 1.t~li-J-~JJli, -+£J!Jl~~~.trJETve? 1;f-~!

    2. -~Ii%~=¥1f1f (sh6u yangyang)


    ~~-~.~~~~m~~ Cffl~)ft¥$offm~m"W--", "•~
    --", ";t\!it-$" ~0
    The literal meaning is that hands itch, but in fact it means someone is eager to do

    !it--" ,
    something (with his/her hands) . We can also say

    etc.
    ( 1) ~tl *~7f-$- ~~ JL, $(.- >t YL-$- it+## o
    "BtiJ- $" , " . ~--" , "JG'

    (2) >t JiL ;J, £1-tt1f1 ;jT .Y.k.l~.trif~~ Z. ~ *,


    'J' ~~+~##To
    ( 3) $(. ~ ~ # 11 ] t- ~x. ~ Jt J#- , >t YL JtJ.#-1-tt ~ JJ!p it 1+ # , it ~ ~ o
    1

    (4) >t YL 1-tt 1f11!; J:. ~ l±L~-!- .#Ar T , $(. ~ ·~ X •t:£- # # ~ , ~ ~ 1: m C.. ~

    3. il~{Lf~illB~J'", ~;;$:~::t't:l::l~ (chuan bu chuqu)


    ~~*·~~*'~-fi~~~~~~~~~--~.~fr~A#~
    ~Wo
    Because clothing is not good-looking, not fashionable or not suitable, someone .does
    not want to wear it outside , he/ she is embarrassed that someone else will laugh at
    him/her.
    (1) :1!.#-i<Jillk~ T' x_~~z. ~~~' ~JL~if!±l-!- 113f?
    (2) ~ ;#!. ( cheongsam) ,pftj ~it'd~*' , !if~~ ;fi!,-.%: if ;ff +-.itt~ ;f~ (stat-
    ure), $(.:!!. Z. J1f, P!J~JL ~if !±l-!- ~?

    4. ~~B'.t~ (zhuT shfmdo) 11JU8~~/Ea~


    ~!i-~-T~1R:H~~ftiit1t1-T~$, -tl1i3t "JflBt~" o
    Follow the fashion. Also, "Jfl B>f~" .
    3
    ( 1 ) ijpt} ~ J:. ik. £ 11'1 ~~ 1i. ~ /\ @. 6-V *" ~ 1R-Jt iJ l A ii. ~ , 1tU#t , :t! at -It 6-V lj=-
    ~~A~~.te.*"~~A 1 ~#~@.o
    ( 2) ;;t Jl, Jl- A ili1Et5itA-r , 31\111 .dr ~ ~ 6-V ~ ~ ~:M.~ 1 at -It , ~ *- 1 - 5t:t o
    ( 3) llt ~ 1j=- , Jli; ~ :i!. ( taiquandao taekwondo) _ff_ ;Jl::. .i ·ti. ·If. JL A 1 at -It 6-V ~
    #J, ~1fJ:i!.JL~~--k~-J-~l!at"ft, ~~ 1 Jfi;~i!o

    5. 1X§~~~1'fittf.~J" (bu jiu dele)


    ffl&~~m~~~"-HT.•m~T", ##*~~-~~Mm~m~o
    -m m~.HJt "··· ·· ·~-1-T T" o
    It is a rhetorical question indicating "OK, all right; it' s good enough. " This kind of
    sentence often implies that the speaker is dissatisfied or impatient. Also , " · · · · · · ~
    8Jt1-TT".
    (1 ) "{It% 6-V ~ ~ - .f_t ~ ~ il. ~ ~ 1)'t, ' .-t z. * ?" " lE1 -!- ;}e. 't ~ ~~ ilt 1-¥-
    1 ?" ~*~~~]iJ.tiJt.o
    (2) 1~;f[ 1t Z. 1* .A.tl%i]f1-l!?.~ YllAr 1? -Tlf~-'Jf il:~#%?
    (3) ~Jt~-!-1~ ~jt·~ a-v -w-, 1~ mc.*~ ilt1f 1?

    6. 11.R~11.R ( nl kan nl) , 6:-1tt:, E-1tt:


    R~~~~ffl.~m~~~~~-,~~~mWa
    It is used in conversation only and it indicates the speaker' s dissatisfaction or criti-
    ClSm.

    (1) 1~;;t1~. 14--A:i!.+#-t-, *-·


    jUil£~:i!.JiLJL!l£~1l£~o
    (2) 1~;;t1~, ~~yfu~i!;;t~, JJ1)1¥J-.1tZ.~~~o
    ( 3 ) 1~ ;;t 1~ :i!. .~ }j]f- ~ ' 3t i1: 1~ ;}e,1;5- iJt. ~ ~ 0

    7. ~- (zuo yf) 1tt:, E- (you yi) 1tt:ffiJ, D§f]~~~~~ffB'j~~j


    ~m~fl;fi§;o
    This pattern indicates a considerable amount .
    (1) 1~£ -;f...;G--;f-.1¥]' ~ ~~ z. ~ **~ -T1t z.?
    (2) 1-l!?.E. -;k.;G-- *-Jot~ (pian cheat) 1~, 1~ .-t Z. ~;f1=11t 1-lt ~?
    (3) ~~'J";:;JfE.7 A~I¥JH!r, fJfvA:M.:JtE.--1'-- "~~~", ;G---t- "Ji-~
    ~" Jot*- -;Fi!~o
    (4) ~i!JL -f" ~l_ :;f J:. k. ~ vA ~, ~ .£.-ffl .1.. ~, £ - /iJ "5l_;f--.", ;G"- /iJ
    "~l. t1:: .~", ;}e. JL -t- ~ X. 1 o

    4
    8. itfXi5Gi1.IHtZ.~ (rang w6 shu6 nl shenme h6o)
    ~~~~-•~mmA*~•M~T. ~~~~~mm*~m*~w
    xt~o
    This sentence means the speaker is so dissatisfied with the person whom he is speak-
    ing with that he cannot find proper words to express his dissatisfaction .
    ( 1) ~ ~lb i>i. : " ~ !1. i£ 5Z.. .t~ ;r:: .:l T ? il:. ~ i>i.1~ 1t :2. -M , t ~ ~ :lt_ ~L jk_ , 5~
    1-- J:-t ~ 0 "

    ( 2) 11Jfi>i.~ #-$- 5Z.. jit JJ1] A-;Jt J:. T , Jli! J:. :!2E ~ T ~~- JL 1JJ , -:W5 -:W5 i>i.: "il:. ~ i>i.
    #*:2.~ff,%~#f~*T.~#~:2.~,#~;t_;r::~,«~~~
    T ~?"

    9. ~B~i511:R:&~WC~DJT1'l1fti (tTng bu j1nqu) ®.f


    ~~~IIJTJUtJJtlA~-JR,o
    Not accept other's opinion or suggestion.
    ( 1) 1-tt .& 1t 1-1- tJ D T _:f: ~,
    .PJt yJ. .:k ~ .%i--1-tt~ {f.]~ 30 1-1!!.- ~~- JL ~ 11Jf _:f: 1!. -i- o
    ( 2) yJ. ]U %-%- #] u-1-tt § !Y' :l2E 11Jf- ~~- JL , "f -~ , iii#] -i~{it ~ 11Jf _:f: 1!. -i- T o
    -tiL rtJ ~ *~ ~ ~~ 1t Jr,, 11JT 0

    It also means "someone cannot listen with concentration" .


    (3) -k JVL~ ~ !±: jit 1-tt ~ -t J€r , 1-tt ~~~; _w_ -fit ~L, J:. i* ~ 9rp i>i. €f.J , 1-tt ~it ;f.. 11Jf ;r::
    1£.-i-o

    10. -1:F~U~ Cy1 nian dao t6u), m*mn~5.f~~irn14=


    ~if, -ifJA~-JCitl:IǤ-JCo
    Whole year, from the first day of the year to the last day .
    ( 1 ) 1-tt :lt_ 1-- .:k •ti: A (busy person) , -lf- .fD * , ,& :lt_ ~ :9)' 00 -:Jf- ~ o
    ( 2) ~ .~tt :1£ ~ ~ -lf- .fD * , ;r:: ;t_ i:t. ~ , ~ ;t_ iJil M~ , ;;. ;t_ .flJ :i:t Jf- €f.J at 1~ :;t 1E1
    ~*-~~ P'j .ko

    11. ~).!iiEii-=J- (mei mianzi) D3.f


    ~*Ti*OO, mi3t "-ftOO-T" o
    Lose face . Also , "-ft 00 T" .
    (1) ~~€f.JJ5tt1~k_, A-~§~~. ~k_-ltt;fLJ:.?ft-{f.J$-A-;Y-, £A-ift..~1it1-1-
    1it5.t dii -t- 0

    ( 2) af 3:.%-%- ~ .:l :9)' A-#} dii (in front of an outsider) ;j);t-i-f 1-tt , ~ xf 1-1!!. ?ft- i>i. ;{_
    :ijt 5-t 00 -t- #} • 0

    5
    12. ~A~ (kan renjia) xU~~
    ~~*5:\;7/R~~Jtli (xicmmu), 1JliltH!l (peifu) *Ao
    This pattern indicates the speaker admires someone .
    (1) ;iA~~~~JL-J-, WW~-ii..-1¥-Jit-o
    (2) ~A~;Jt~l±l~;f±, lf-lf-~~l±l-?Jfr*-*f-#o
    (3) ~A~, ii..$, &-J-, ~-*at~, 1t~:1$~ o

    13. x7;:JJt±J.m1tZ.11?tfrSJ cde shenme shlde)


    i;/JiiiJ + ~1+~ ff.t.IY-1 *~*-Z9J~JiiiU:7G#d~~a9~~ o
    It indicates the action is to such a degree that there is no way to express clearly.
    ( 1) 11Jf .7t T ~ iJt a<J X~ , :W1 X -1¥- 1t ~ 1~ iJl.J , ~ ntt ~m :1$ 3t lll * T o
    ( 2) 59 :!!. • , ltf ~ PJfr -1'-- A "3-' (quarrel) 4¥-1t Z.. 1~ lfJ , ;fe. ~ -J- :1$ Vf ~ T o

    ~-~+~ft~-ag *~-~--0
    It indicates a very high degree .
    ( 3 ) ;t ..I.. iJi. : " :!!. JL ~ ~ •ti: 1~ 1t ~ 1~ iJl.J , ~ JL~ at fa] ~ ~ 1Jil.. "1\ifo "
    ( 4) 11Jf jJi. JL -t- ~ -+ ~~ }jl, iJl.J ;t liil ~ -It~ * ' 11!!. ~ * 4¥-1t ~ 1~ iJl.J ' - :k. --¥- ;f,t ~
    **~~~~.~~~*mr~&•JL+~o

    14. ~IJ, ftitx* J'" (you lai le)


    ~mAMM~£~$~8"1mm~~~.~m~~o
    The speaker has no patience with someone' s repeated words , usually complains .
    (1) "~.fi}~JJ~ ~ ~-t=-/F.;it.Jt;9 T 1;t-P~? 1;t-~1t ~ ~:1$#;-1;t- ~ ······" "5l*
    1 , ;l:Ji /F. ;l:Ji P~ o" JL -1- /F. tmf ;l:Ji Jt iJi. o
    ( 2) ~ ~ iJi. : " 11' 5i ' 1-t -It :k.'JI 1 ' 1;t- ~ 1;t- :!!. & fa] ' ~ ;ff :!!. ;tt Jlli :f<.JJil ...... "
    "5l * 1 5l * 1 , " •1' 5i ;ff .~. JL ;l:Ji, "Jlli .~. JL •I* 1t ~ ? 5l )~~ A**:AJiL o"

    15. f&Htlli(ftR~IJi2iiDj (huon naojln) j


    i& 1t IS 89 x.W. ~~ ~;VG', m o
    Change one ' s old or traditional opinions .
    (1) Fk$-Jtil1' ;f±~~ 1' 10 11 ~1fJif.JJl~A%-ltij:~~

    (2) #1t#$-lt~~~h7ti'? :!!_~ 'f.it*-1EJPJfjJL, ~*' ~1~~t~~


    A%1 0

    tt1)1J rv: 7/RlJ'\ i& 1t- r ,'itf. ~ Et9 pg ~ 0

    It also means change one' s idea to do something different .


    (3) 11!!.-tf--#&~T 1l..-T~~. 597#-.~, ~~~A%, 11!!.~~-i:--TJ:.JJ*&t
    6
    &iJ JLo

    16. ft)~fi1ffi~~~~mf=8iq]) L, i$G1'lt (shu6 bu guo) 1ffi


    (A) + iVJim + ';f'tt + (B) (A) /ffJ~!I:M (B) o :tto "&l!l/f M--. tt./f M--.
    :J'J/f:U" ~0
    (A) cannot surpass (B), e. g. "Jj\'f!J/f:U", "t[:,/f:lj:", ":J'J/f:U".
    (1) ~1f~, i>t~:ii#., .fj:-lk$~~* (shO be defeated)o
    (2) ~~Ht~{:t~.tT~J#., 1~$.tT7Pi9.lf-%7, ~~?t..tr~:ii1~o
    ( 3 ) 1~ ~ li81l- ·I'* ' "f 1~ ll81f * ·t:k: -ll!. Jig ~ li j(_ -$- "e. ?

    17. ~1tt=~Z.i:B~ (zenme ye dei) _tao~


    C~mA~rr~R~)~Y~~---~Y~fflo
    (The speaker' s estimate or guess) at least .
    ( 1 ) " 1,f-1i!l if ( estimate ) %*- at fa] ~~ #t Jt ? " ;J' ;f-f. i>t : " ~ f:1 ~ ff J:.. ~ , .R
    ~~ a>tJ:.. -t ' z. -tk.1f -t ~ 0"
    .~
    ( 2) *
    ~ ~ * ~ ;fJt ~ w ' - f- :1Jt 4!t "f ~ ~ ' .~ z. -tk.-ff ~ f- 0

    (3) 1~ i>t ..:r.. ff ~ at 1~ ffi. iiz ~ JJ ..:r.. ff, ~ w ~~ 41L "f ;t z. -tk.1f i1: ~ 1ll J:.. jij
    fojf "e. !

    1s. ftacs~tx, ~ Cai) ~~mfitt Cjiu) ~~m


    -~~~-m~.~A/f~W~N~AWo~~~/f~~~Ati~~o
    One should do whatever he prefers, no one could interfere with his choice. The pat-
    tern can also mean one does not care about what other people do .
    (1) ~-1-:k.. 7' mC..;ff.:£.1;7' ~~1tZ.;WG~1tZ."e.o
    (2) ~1ll$~Z.:k...l}iC.7, ;Jl]/f~-1-1n~-.7, #.1n~.~z.~;r,t,~z.~ve:.o
    ( 3) #.1J'J ~ ;t Z. i>t ;WG .~ Z. i>t , ~ i>t 1t :Z. ;WG i>t 1t Z. , R JJ:. ~ 5~ 1~ ~ ~ ~ ;Jl] A.
    ~·0
    19. J&~q~~[§~t;JXI, (he xTbeifeng) GllQJ
    N~*Will:, ~tfto
    Have no food; starve .
    c1) 1~-te. *-ll. ~ 4\~*" Jt, i1:~1n "~ ~ ;J!:.fll. ~!
    *
    (2) 5~;ff i!--tk.1f~-t- * *,
    "~ 1tL& ~ ~~il:~ r ..:r..A."~ ~ ;~r.JXt"e.?
    (3) t"1~--t-JlJL-tJt..:r..1f, .~z.~m? ~~~-i-..:r..ff, "~1n~*-tJG1f"~
    ~;Jr. pt 7 0

    7
    20. i)tA~IXD~1~J&tffOff (shu6 de bl chang de hoi haotTng)
    :!! 1D 1! 1¥1 • }itfd~: -m 1~ ~~1ft M , {a ~ ~ 1~ 1¥1 !:5 tJt 1¥1 ~- 3& a :fl ~ JlffJ ~ ~ mafl

    The literal meaning of this sentence is that one' s speaking sounds more pleasant than
    singing; the real meaning is one ' s deeds do not match one ' s words . This sentence
    contains the speaker' s mock and discontent .
    ( 1) 'J, ~ iJt. ~ "}~ 1~~ ~ ;f1Ht? 1t1:.- f>iJ Jt i3tA-1- J::t 17~ .ff i£ ~ ~'Jf a
    (2) A: 1-t- JL -f- :f Jt iJt }J }J i@--1-t !f4~ ~'1!;?
    B:tt!:.~.~.ff~~.ffi£~~.~~~1t!:.~-~~~~a~~~a

    21. 1'~ (budlng) ~itf1q]~~itfD~


    ~~~wfi£, r!itffEJLa "/Ffi£" Et9ftimf~Ji\~ "it, ft~, 111J~, ~~- :$y,
    :$"~*mR~Et9~~wfiE~fiE~•Et9~mo
    Hard to say, hard to predict. It must be followed by an interrogative word, such as
    "~fr"
    vJ:t , "ft h .<-"\ " , "IW!t"
    IJJP , itt> h"'-' " ,
    "!c zs;; ;J-.."
    "A7 y , "A7"
    zs;; , or a p hrase composed of a ff"u-
    mative form plus negative form .
    ( 1) 1t!:. ~ 3:. "* -ffl- ~ f!Z ~ ·t:i ' ~1~ ~ ~ *-1!ZZ- ~ 0 "* ~ ' ~ :f /t_ fk 7 ~ ~- * 0

    ;f[af1'*---f- ~ ~~~ ~ :::.._:;z_o


    ( 2) JJIJ v:J. ;1; ~ lj=. - /t ¥lot ~ lj=. ·r:k: , ;t !7e , ;r; /t 111 5t. ~tl ~ ~ ~ o
    (3) 1-t ~, ~ ~ Jfl - 1- ffit & , - 1- ffitl ?J[, 1i. :.t :f /t_ ~ JJI] -ilL ( bieniu not
    convenient) ~ o

    22. ~1tt!i)t.9~ (kan nfn shuo de)


    ~~ffl~ffl.*mmi!A/F*~~~~*mlil~~ml¥1i!o
    It is used in conversation, indicating that the speaker disagrees with what the other
    person said .
    ( 1 ) I j ' -ijf,J Y/W
    '<$ " Jh 'ffl -r '13' -r j_81~ -d> 11if- ? " -b "' " ~ Jh '~ M -b :1': // Ab -r _J.g1~
    : 'l'l' ~/I'~ /I' 7J'A p .ox. /J . .ox. 15L : .11'1 'i'l' 1JU W-J ' .ox. 1>;$ ""' ~b /1' /fA p

    (2) ;t-5R X:.tiX.: "1-t ~~Jt:k~I_f. 7 , .te,~~i@- ;& 7 11-e. ?" *tlllA ~ X:.tiX.:
    " ~if #!- ' ;t f~ iX. {J~ , ~ ;$ 1 i1i ~ :f iJE. .te, f~ i@- ;$ 7 ~ ! "
    (3) ~ iJL: ":f ilfu)t ~- .:f~ 1-t -t- #t~ 11.1!;? fl~ -n-ff
    7 1t ~ ? 1JI] 1EJ *~ 7 o" *--f-
    :f~*"Jtl!.iJL: ";t1-tiX.fl~' -t-#t4~:f)t4~? 1-t~Jt:f~-!-~. ~-+
    A-ka"

    8
    23. fti)i1t~11J\~B3J$t:Ef:;§iJX\. (erp6ngfeng)
    JJtJJ'-I¥Jm'ff, :J'l:ti-¥, ~U#~Illf:tt.ZJ§-~~tEJt'_to ifl.iJt. "IfJtiJxV' o
    Unheeded advice. It means someone does not take other people' s advice, criticistn ·
    or suggestion . Also , " If Jtl JXl." .
    ( 1) f1t ,& JtAe. $. -iJL ~ w ~L~•.1f- ;t JXt , fojf v.:O.Jil. {f. $.1t Z. ~ ;f: -iJL T o
    ( 2) ] 1] A~ w{£. f1t ;fUR- iJGJt .1f- ;t JXt , 1~ iJLfl!?. ~t ;r.::: 17t -7J 17~ ?

    24. ~~*QJ)9:11J\8'S1Fo'im~ (houhulyao) oz;


    ~fij§-·I¥J~o~~~~_tN~~#~o
    Medicine for remorse . Of course this kind of medicine does not exist in the world .
    ( 1 ) f1t 5~ ;jf 1t z. 4~ , -T 17~ -*ft 1-t!:. ~ -:k~? i!t- J:. <if i~ ;jf * Jfd~ ~ ~ , 1.7- JJil. {f.~ ifN.
    *~Jo
    ( 2) -¥- ~ at 1*-$.11l-iJL1t Z. 1~ ~ ;f: 17Jf , J.Jil.{f. ~ Z. ;f.f? ifN. 17t &- ~~ ~ T ve,? llJt T a

    25. 11II~ (ai) OJT1' (bu) on-oe:;


    ~~A~~A~~#~:tE~.~~~#mmam~*·~~~-~~-~
    !¥1m-~ 0
    The speaker does not care about what somebody does . It implies the speaker is re-
    sentful or impatient .
    ( 1) A: iJ' ~ iJL:k\!!.;jj" :f ;f: *- T o

    B: ~~~*~• ~Z,·~~~J?~*-;f:*-o&~:k\!!.$.~~-#~o
    *
    ( 2) A : 1,f- ~ Z. ;}!:!:. -i-t f1t , 1-t!!. <if ~t ~ ;f: ~ ~ a
    B: ~~*;f:~*·flt-~;f:~, ~A~;f:~~~~?
    *
    ( 3 ) -i- -=f ;f: ~ * ~ -iJL : "1,&. $. :6t {£. -=f J:. T , 1~ ~ "t ;r.::: "t a "

    26. ft!HlB-g (no yf tao) ft~B~~5


    ~#iJt.~~1tOC~, $~1J!t)(o ifl.PJV.J~ "~-~"a
    A way of saying something or doing something . It is a derogatory phrase . Also , "~ ·
    -~".
    (1) 17Jf$lJ~;tl:., %1&-M:.~ TAil* (frown): "1~h.ll'}J~JL~*-~~-*?"
    (2) :W!.iJL: "1~~#1~jJGJt;f:~!" $.-*- T, iJL: "1~:?--*tt$.*-~-*-! i;tJf-
    $. ;f: ~ ' 1~ ~ ~t {e.$. ;t z. #?"
    (3) iJL1Rw~A~-~~ 'f~;f:*-, ~~;f:~~o

    9
    - .. J2'£.ml'W~~a9~~fl~:
    ~~~ +~~ ~~~T ~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ -·~*
    X..*-T
    ( 1) tE :1:1 ~ , %( -=f ~:& 16'-llL 1¥1 * lffl , :ff ~ 1¥1 A i:ft. ~~~1ft llZ t'l-=f , r9: :ff ~
    1¥1£~ -mllZ~~-~%(-=t-,~tt~m*~~T.
    ey~**llLt'l-=fT.A~OO~~IlLTo

    C2) ~ ~~J\slit~~:fJcrotxtm, :kl!!wciJt = "1$JJlZm~~~ :sJ, ~fiig~ :fJGihfxt


    ;fJLo" ey ;J\5!tll1Etklk891!~~ , :i:E~7C*£o

    c3 ) ~ r9: :ff 1t z. ilti 1¥1 ~ ~ , wc :& xx


    ______o
    tr fo ~ ~ , M * ~ tr ~ ~ $Jt

    i3: -*%-=fA _ _ _ _ _ _ ~?"


    (5) "1$~Z.X.~J3:14.:&mL tl~YET !" ~-=fx>t;t~iJL
    "1$ ~ ~. (dislike) Xi~, JJti ~ _ _ _ _ _ _ ? ~X N 5! J!!
    (coerce) 1$~ o"

    (6) JL-=f-1!1f~iJti3:iJS", ~Jtt~®-*iJt: "~~, 1~ , i3:


    ® iJ§"~ U ~ lf (recite) T! f~ JJti iJt T , WiJt ~ ey JE: T a"

    (7) Jj\B;f1~:ff~JLJZID JI!., ~ 1¥17~% (nickname) lll-j "PJ<j)f( (bed-wetting) X


    I", i3:fr~%AJ~U~:li, i1~1~ , Elf~JJ~Btf~1~
    ~ h! ~ lf~ ilti 1¥1 ;J\ M 1Ji.- ® :fJG o

    (8) ~.:EiJt: "_ _ _ _ _ _ , ~~~13.'1~'*~ (negligent), ;13:-iJll~!Af~

    =. .m PJf tfi ~ i~ 5E PX; l' W.X"t i! :


    (1) A: ~~*%~1~$~1¥Jm, ::fd«H~JtJ$-ffBtfBJ?
    B: ~tE~~T3j}fB1fBJ, 0 Ut~~4l-)

    (2) J®i ~: ~~~flit-~.:&BlH~~JL*1ri?


    - - - - - - o Ct.~ ~1l-)
    10
    c3) wH1!: , ~~ JL1~H~1WJ9 0 c1.r. ;t "'- %t)
    JL-f-: 13tPI~1£!.1tnlt1--4Hii!:r (bookworm) o
    (4) ~r: {~;'G-Z, @J¥U~ft-Z.ill~-T? _ _ _ _ _ _ o ( 1if.;t A.%t)
    ~*:13tfi.T-~T.~-~~~~~o

    (5) A: 1~1f1-~-*T:D~~~:f&Jf, .TP~?

    ( 7) A: P§{f] I!Jj ~-*ftB~il(;{tBP~ o


    B: {tB I!Jj ~------o ( :f: 5t.)
    (8) A: l\t{fJ:fH;}SJL;J\5*, {tB:tlf{g{~j(~~o
    B: o ( ~ A :f: A)

    (9) A: {~iJL ~.:E~~~ !P];tt, P§{f]~-Z-11,?


    B: o ( ~ A :f: A)

    cto) A: f~illli*:te::te:mmfm, JJUil11B~-*:D~#:tm:n o


    B: {~~ ~ :J1t, o ( llJf :f::!!.-!-)

    ( 11) A : 11!3 , {~ :G -Z. 1e It!. irs~ £€H£ -r: *T ?


    B: ~. .~~l\tft-Z.-m-T~To
    (E.- A, ;6- A)

    (12) 1%1%: ;J\HN-*~~JL T? :G-Z.¥UfJ\1.1EJ1!&1ID*?


    ~Ib~: rugR~IPJ~tB-*:9GT, a (;r::;t_)

    11
    ci¥i**-.ftl PJ ~ ffil m5~ ~ ~-t-)
    ~ Jll! : § 5llL :IE , llZ iJi o *
    ,fflJ § 5£ : tit- J~U L~ t1 if1 ~ :1f , /G mllZ , 1$ § cA~· PI~L
    ~ •=~11i•::r-mllZ?~~1$~~~~~~•~••· ~~~~~?
    ,fflJ § 5£: ~i'k~ii\x.~m7 o
    ~ Jll!:e.~~~~~~T~, R~M~-ikm*~~-7, ~~~?~
    ~B"J~/G:tm1$~, tlt~/G~J[{IlZ~~, ,~:%JL/G~?
    ,fflj§~: ~.--~~~B"J,~/G~~~B"J--Mo1$~,~~-~-*·
    ~~--0~~~~~*·~~~~~~0
    ~ *=•~~:;;r-~~~~~.mm•~~o~~.~B"J~~-~-::r-•.
    ~~~~~, ~8)t£/G1-T To
    ,fflJ § 5£ : /G ~ ~ ~ 8"1 , ~ a"J H~ ~- iU 1l fHN JL 8Jt If!!* ~db{ 8"1 o
    ~ Jll!: 1~ti~tE~iJ\nrrnJ, ~mnrrnJ~~@I$JL T, JiJT~ffih~x, ~~*0
    ~-~~~ffi&,~~B"J~-m~5f.E-~5f.E/G®*o
    ,fflJ§~:~---~~~tt~.~~--·M*.-~-tfl.G~o
    12
    ~ ·=~M7~. ~*ft~~~ft&~&M,m~iliA~.~-~~&ft
    ~~SM.~~mm~o~ffi§&ff~a~~ID&*~.ft~~tt
    ~t'm*'~o
    · fi!iJ § 5£: ~~-,~ft:Jif}ijJI.H~ T, ftlif~1To
    ~ •:~~~A~.ttfimm~R-.tt~m••~-~~-~0
    fi!O§W:ft~m~~~*~,ey-~a~T~o
    ~ •=ft~a~T.~~~~&"rrili~a.*tt•#"~' ~.~&~
    Jfrll1~~jj~~~ffffit'Jtl¥1»2=f~? ~~~JJJ<>L.,mftffJM~*'~?
    fi!O§W:~Jfrll~~~ftiD~.~ftiD~*·~~~*~o
    ~ •=~~.maT*~~T~ID§Bo•T.~&T.m•mo
    fi!O§W:ft.~=fff~•n~ma••·~m~~~. •T~ml¥1fi~.~
    IPJ~~~Yifillffffir~'%1~ffl~m~*o
    ~ •= ?1~~~~~-T&! ~zJff*,~JLI¥J~JL3If~~~? ft1~~~3f
    -'iT-3f -'iT- ~ 0

    fi!O§W:mT.~3f-'iT-ftT.&&~~. ~-~~$•m~~$T~?
    ~ •= fli{jJ, Jj\~-~JL, ~~ft~4-. m~H%Jftlif~-ffifi"Fo jj~*5-lf~
    YlfiiPJ!!Gm~, !IG~~1ili2 T- "¥ ~! !\G:EJU~<Bj*•~ fXXJI!!ill~ JL*JL,
    PJ~•,w, To
    fi!iJ § 5£: ~Djiij1~i3t, !IG-~~1'---t "fJL ~" o :JJ!d~~FP!\Gf¥1~~ YIP~~~?
    ~ •=m~m.~~-ft~~o~~.fti¥JR-T·~~~T.A~~~~
    m.~.~~*·*mT*~-~nTo

    1. ~~: ~~:ii!A*~a"J~~o
    2. MH~ (peifu): R~ (~A) 1~T~~Eff~~lt1ilio (admire)
    3. rirlJ~i:Jl, *'t±.# (yf): {ttl!, ffl*%~AE"J·t±**~1~-i:Jl1!':E"Jo
    4. ~fij{YJL (jTjiaogala): .,ljti,~Jfjf.t (comer), ~~AB:.I¥JJt!r:JJ o
    5. 3f-'iT- (dao): &-jl:{jm:fl!!*m"l!f~J~o (enlighten)
    6. _t ~: "~" m
    Internet a
    7. m~ Cmang) : ~·liftt•m~tJt~~~~mtt•mi¥1Ao
    s. A~~JN~m: ftti!, .,w,~~JNxtA*i3t1~11~. A&HW~~o

    13
    1. J.S:;9(~1Jt:X.~il]" (kao za le)
    (~iiiJ) + m7 ;lit$&1~%-~~!l&o :tlQ :l?tJE1ill[T ,P/l!1ill[T .~1ill[T o
    Fail or not succeed in doing something, e. g. "l?tJE 1ill[ T " , " PI)! 1ill[ T " , "~ 1ill[
    T".
    ( 1) 11!!.~, i!_;k~i*- !ifJtl1.i 'f ~ -#, ::7 -i1j:-;;J! T , ~il:A~ jt 1"'-&~ o
    (2) ~ -t- JL.sf-5~ 17~ T , 4 - 17~ ;;J! T , !if;~~ jj. o/t.?

    2. .R:if'i:t
    (zhl bu guo) ~-:i)(~~cp~l.Jt~J" (ba le)
    _R~, {5t{5to ~j:jJ~i,Jt "_R~······~T" o
    Only; just. Also , " _R ~ · · · · · · ~ T ".
    (1) ,J,jH_Jt, 1-t!!.-!f-tt~l!.l!.1t-.=T, Y-.J~.i~%i)f~1n~T o

    ( 2) ":M!. ~ Jt iJL ~ .t\ JI M ~ 17~ ? " ":M!. ;;. ~ i± Jt iJL iJL ~ T , 1;1UJ1] 1-t :M!. ~ o"

    (3) i!.+&l'al -d:..{Jt*f~, ;;. ~i±i~;;f[fl~+&!'al *-*To

    3. ftill~~~ (zhao) OZ1'~ (bu wu), ~l.JL) L1'~


    MN.~#~TI=lT~~g~-¥$o~l=lT~*~~*mA~~g~-¥$o
    One does not change one ' s behavior. It can also indicate that one does something in
    spite of someone' s advice.
    ( 1) 11!!.* *-.~-!-JB~, ;;ff~ flt1~*._ 9..1£Z~.Jtf, 11!!.~J!!JB~i*o
    (2) 11!!.**-~*-M-:l!R~ft, ~{-5~;;f[JE11"t, ~11!!.J£Jt,~!~~i*o
    ( 3) ~Jr. A , ~ ;f~ ~ !£. ~ 'J.}J 11!!. ~ ijlJ] ( stop drinking) , !if 11!!. ~ 17Jf , * *-. .~ ~'J,j

    4. ~~ (shl) ~:S8'SJ~3:t~fl (na kuai liao)


    ¥A (/F) ~it-¥$o
    Someone is (not) suited to do something .
    (1) l!.,J,1k-=f:t~~;f.. , Jt-Jlt~* (soldier)~#!
    (2) 11!!. x._-$- Jt- ii. ;f ~ ~ 11 ~ , ~ T ~ j·tf ~ , 11!!. tA. ,J, Jtl--f±- x._-$- :t .1iL, J:.
    .:k.·~-d:..~ij:JL•#*~~.~~A~Jt11!!.5(-$-~Jlt:fJ-o
    ( 3) ~!if~ Jt ~ 4Yi -!f- (leader) ~ #, A J. T ~ iJL i&"ill.~~J:. o

    5. J.Sl$C%1~~*~jE""ff8l~ (z6u xiapolu)


    ~*~::f%-o
    14
    To become worse and worse.
    ( 1 ) ~ l:l T JL + Jf-lfi.J .if- 5/t (prosperity) .Z f€i , 1-tt 1lllfi.J ~ ~ ~ 1992 Jf- ~ 7f -k€;
    * r:JJt~o
    (2) ~JLJf-1-ttlfi.J!d'#--ll-~~. PfJJi!.{f.ff-~k.r:l:Jt~T, .fj:-~$5~7t~o

    6, r§J~~:@~~ (mei x1)


    ~:fJ;ffi-~, ~PJ~~o ;f§&I¥J]t}~,PJ~i)i. ":fJ~" o
    Impossible or beyond hope . ":ff ~" means possible .
    (1) }J~~-~5!-t, 1*milfttt-? j~~~
    ( 2) k ~~it.*:#<.- 1-T lJI.J :j= ~~ ~ T , ~ 1tl *- "!1.. (be disappointed) o
    (3) ~~1l1*::f;ll:.,'f,k_~;ff,~. ~-. if~j~~ 0

    7. ft8~H~~-~UiJ~HBUL (jieguyanr) WL~~*~Jd~8~


    ii-'*•· ii:l:~i¥1 at~.tl o
    Vital or critical time .
    ( 1) ~~1 .;t 1-tt -f- at~ ~t -iJL lJI.J , ~if ~tl T "f 1f Btl- JLJ:. - G] 1* -tl!. -iJL ~ t!:L:t o
    (2) llJl *- iJG~i1i I±: T , ilL {f.~ "f 1f Qtl-JL J:.1-tt~ T , Jt-:!lf :JiK o

    8. :ti:S~uto~~' l$t~O~~/t~IQI*JL (dang huf shlr) j


    :l::f~, 1Al{.x;J1~o ~/EPJ0(iJi "~ (~) ~@1$JL" a
    Attach importance to something. "~ ( ~) ~ @] $) L" means disregard .
    (1) ~.RJtff-T 1--~Jt. Pf1-lt~p~ lEl:j=T, JiJfvA~~1tl~i~~o
    (2) JJ~ at1'*-~ 1-- ~ IZSl :h *. ,J, mi JU~;;ff A.1i,_ ~ v;ti 1-- ~ ~~5~-te. 't ~ \El:j= a
    (3) :ktlfi.J-i*, ;J:;k~*-~~~lE]:j=, ~if:;kt,f£t~~~o

    9. 1t~$$~~~ff (xiang de kai)


    ~J&ft 1 L'Lo :fEJ&I¥JiJi.1!~ "Jll~Jf" o
    Not take a matter to heart. The opposite, "~~Jf", means take a matter too seri-
    ously.
    ( 1) 1-tt Jt - 1-- m1f 7t lJI.J A. , :i&. ~U JJ~ ~ ~ .tk ;J1f ( setback) , 1-tt ll. Jt ~ ~ If; xJt
    ( optimistic) .
    ( 2) *
    Jf-iJL :liT JJJL~ -1!!:- T (pass away) , 1-tt ~ft:i±Al 17t ;r; r f~, ~ 11'1 ~ ~h 1-tt 7t
    17
    m
    - ,?!, JL o
    (3) .;t ~~:h T :#<.-1-tlfi.J :j= 4t ~~l !£. ~, 1-tt~ ~ -iJt..: ":h ~ ~ ,?!, JL ,l, :j= 5~ ~~
    m~ff-. ~~k*~A -"f;k-Jij-*"'4. ~.t~T ~#-;r;1A1la"

    15
    10. 11:-R:.m ]" D~ Cde le ba)
    :tEx>tiE 9=t mri!f J£x&Jr miJi. 8"1 pq 1f. o
    It indicates the speaker does not agree with the person he is speaking to . It is used in
    dialogue or conversation.
    ( 1 ) " ;t. z. ;f-f ?
    1-t. ~ ~ ;;r; il:.1;f. -!- ~ ? ~ ~t #] /G ~ 4tf #] 0 "

    "1-ft T ve., %%! 1.t-1111F-§~ ~.I* T #J "o


    (2) Jj' J-.
    -r ~~ • "·"n- --1:;-:J!.--/:;" . .<1; ~ ~ 0 ~ --/:;" ,!> ~ ·t "
    rJL • 151... /f~ 1'51,._ /fJ , "¥-'<- ;'51,_ :7'-
    :]!.
    o "¥-'<- /, K- /fJ , .., "P:. :I.::L o

    "1-ft J ve., ~1f1~;;t R, T, jjlj /G*~ ~ J a" ~Jt.:liJto


    ( 3) "1.t- ;ff *JilL~- T ? -$!-- #; ? :kit 11~ 1t Z. ? -(£ T91~ JL .:r..f1=? * 1-rf-1t ~ ;f-f JL?" ,J,
    .1..1\il a :k. JdJt : " l§J -QQ Ei /G ~It % 1.t- a .itl at 1~ 1.t- - ;;t ist ~ li.. T a " " tit T
    ve., ;fft;$-.ik~ ~- 1'- A., 1;t-- ~fiE_-(£ vk 4- (boast) ~ o" 1' 3.. Jt.:liJto 1

    11. B'f~ftP~ill~fJ;~I~\~Dif.i (mei xTn mei fei), &~[8JW_o~


    (}\.) fit:ffJG,it, fit:ffftZ. 1 G'D~JLo 1it1tr:ffll!ZX.a
    The literal meaning is someone has no heart and lung . Actually, it means someone is
    not very calculating, a little gullible or empty- headed. It is a derogatory term.
    *·
    ( 1) #.. ;fJ , JUk n:> &_ Jtrti , 1t ~ i-&' ~ iJt , /G f" jj: iJt /G jj: iJt , ~ /G f" jjl} A ~ 11Jf
    /G 11: ~'Jf ' lif {It A.-{Jlj fiE_ /G J~ 0
    ( 2) JJ~ J!!:. A. .xi 1-lt 1tl /G *, 'f 'f .fJt -Jf- ( tease) #.. , lif #.. Ei k ~ 3t ~ #..111 -(£ -
    ~, -$!-k~k •u ~kJtrti a

    12. ::eUmill~iRft~'J'lf,~ID3 (xiaocongming)


    1±~-~~~WEI"JW~. #*:ffll!ZX.o
    Cleverness in trivial matters; be sharp-witted but petty-minded. It is often a deroga-
    tory term.
    (1) ~~-T*-14="--.=, "$: ,J-..JJJ&aA lif /G-1-T, 1-rf-1tJJ ~, 1-ft~ JJ
    * *"
    o

    (2) {It ;ff A JL 1 J<!J.'t '!1'1 ' §. ~ J] ;;r; :k.. ~ jJ ' lif ;k_ ~ j~ A jt ~ Ei /G 4tf' Jifr
    ~#..1!lttf~ 0

    13. ft::11"fl1~\~n (wang xTn li qu) 0~


    :ft:sf, m:mo
    Care about.
    ( 1) ~ ~'Jf .itl - J}E A.-(£ ;lk )[7 iJt ~ #; J~ it" , lif ~ ik ;fi. •u .£.-!- o
    ( 2) ;ff ~ at 1~ :kit-(£ >'hiJ j!l jj!J A. !:E. ~ , 1m ~ )[7 , :1:. )z_ ;WE x}J :kit jjlJ -{i:. •u .£. -!- , /G
    1iA-ff a

    16
    14. f±~~l.)t (wang hao li shuo) ;fih;\~, f±t1'~i)t (wang huai li shuo) Wt
    ~EHti tt=f:§ :'k
    ~~-$RM~~OO®$~~m%m•w~. ##mffi~~m~%~.*
    7J\1tt-tf, ~nw~]t,~, o
    The speaker addresses both sides of an issue, praising and blaming. But the speak-
    er' s main meaning is blaming.
    ( 1) JJ~ i;i _t _t , 13:- :iff X iJL , Jl -]_(: 1-1-1R- .f- ~~ ( chubby) ; 1i. ~ X iJL ~ , iWl _H. i,t
    1t-- 1-- 1'-f iil!i ;f~ ( barrel) o
    (2) - Jil. Ui1 ::F* faJ A~ JJ~ Z. ~ lOJ 1l!, i!.1i.:lff X iJL, )l:#.: ·~A~; .p:_.t~ X iJL,
    -QJL )l -f ~ (intermeddle) A ~ #) F.~- ;fA ( private affairs) , il: A it ffi.... ( dis-
    gusting) o

    15. 1:li/f\~i$tWt~~fotl=ill~ (zuan niujiaojion)


    m~mmm~~-~~~m~~~Mo
    Literally, "~" means "try to get into" and "L:f:-J¥1~" is the tip of a horn. Actually
    "~ 4 J¥1 ~" means someone cares only about an insignificant or insoluble problem .
    (1) ::t J.. W7 !U ~Jf>, ~~~~ ~, i!c!lt-t»--~~~,.t, {li!;~A-QJL5l!J1~.;~J ~~ Z.
    ~ , ::t !!. Z. 45 4- ifl ':R.. , X ~ il: mC. it. :l:JH~ ( vexed) o
    ( 2) 1;f- ffi. ii: :iff :iff ~ ~ ' .;1] ;t ~ j]~ .Jtt :f ·tf,t 'f:k: #) • ' *
    Jl1t z. • ~ 45 4- ffl ':R._ '
    5~;ff~~~~ lit~#} 0

    16. :l2/f'~J$CJI1\m (gem) f\t1i'Jii~~ (guo bu qu) D:t;)


    :7gX11§, 7J X1E*A~*~ o
    Baffle or create difficulties for somebody .
    *
    ( 1) ;t Jil. {11!;*-:i ~ j]~ ,}- ~~ ' ~ ~iJL: "1;f- )l :f Jl~R- ~ ~ ~? ;ff 1t z. :f ~ ~
    #) ;f,t iJL lit *-, .;
    1] ~~~ :i:t :f-!- , 't x._ ~~ ~ (offend) 1;f- o"

    c2) %% ~t :W!. iJt = "!!. z. * t #J t,&.


    11 .~ z. ::F t
    11 ? 151 59 ~ ~ ::F ~ 1fi._ , it !!. ::F Jt m
    C.. ~tl t.l C. :i:t :f -!- ~'.19 ? "
    ( 3) 151 59 -1\ ¥!:.it :i:t ::t" 5R , {11!; ;f,t )11: )11: ;ff ~ (intentionally) ;F -1\ :i:t :f -!- o

    17. i>GB ]" (shuo bai le) lli~/sJ }' 1tB111E3 2


    mM•~s~~*~o~~ffi~~~~o
    Speak in simple and clear words . It functions as an adverb .
    ( 1) -1\ :i1t JL lf--11, J, iJL .;fJ!. :f Ji@i {1] , iJt {=] T ;r,t Jt :f :k. ~ ~k ifE. , !!. i1: -1\ 1f<- :* #-- o
    (2) :W!.Jl1--1R-~~ (sensitive) #J-kA, iJL{=] T, ;Wl,)l;ff.~,JL'J''~tnULo
    17
    18. fUDi1?±=ff-t::6$JJ:::f'~~flll* (do bu qT jTngshen lai)
    N~~@,N~fflha"ff®M~"·m~ft~B-~®*o
    Not in high spirits, or depressed, and without interest in anything. "rT ® M~"
    means keep one ' s spirits up .
    ( 1 ) :!!. -l! $ a'-1 ~ Jilt i.l1lt ~il]i5L ( depressed ) T jff * at fa] , 1& 1t 2. ~ .tr _::f; ~
    ;ft#~o
    ( 2) :!!. Jt.. ~ ;:r;; ~it. ~ 2. T , ~ -T 1t 2. ~ .tr ;:r;; ~;fk 1'f ~ , l! t. ;fJt~ ;:r;; ~ ~ o
    ( 3) ~ +- + r 4=- ~ ;lit: ;lit: (blankly) J~ :oJt -tf. ~y- ~ J:. , 1t :i. ~ ;:r;; ~ -T , ~~
    !U T * ,~, T ;t .tr~;fk;f'f-!- *~Bitifi..o
    19. m (tu6) j~ffitrsJFoDI. (houtuT)
    151! A::f §~fir :itt mt 1i'OC ~ , -tl1 iJt "tfL Jl§f ~ " o
    Hold somebody back; be a drag on somebody. Also, "t'IJI§f ~" .
    " 11!!. T 1t 2. ~ ~ ~X -1€. :ii 1lt 6'-J ,Jg- Jli! ' "[ :!!. ;k ~ ;:r;; ~~ i.l:.11t
    ( 1) I J' _f.. 6'-J .f: A iJt :
    -!- , 1~ 1fJ ;:f: ~it. , 11!!. iE ~ ;Jjt (have a fever) 17t l "
    ( 2) it -tf.- it.-* fPk: jff *- 1! f.il ~ , ~ ljJij (otherwise) *- :ii ;WG k -1€. T JA 'if i& #f-
    ~ JJ_ 6'-J ,Jg- Jli! 0

    20. fr[ql~~D~UffilHJF.JU~w~t34'~~* Ctai bu qT t6u lai)


    ~ t!~<~~H>lL ::fM-. }i~L
    Hang one' s head; feel shame .
    (1) ~;:r;;~.te-~ ka'-1 .. -%-i]f 1~-f-11'1, ~h~11!!.1fl~~.t~~ ~~~;:r;;~* ~0
    (2) X.~ 6'-J Jt~~, ·~~~, 1-J:.~~ 6'-J -:k JL1tl'.t1~~ ~~* ~o

    21. "5 ( kui) 11:RJJS~1'55~))(


    om~~.mm~~m~~~~~A~~~~::f•mtmWo
    It is used in dialogue only , indicating the speaker' s dissatisfaction or criticism in a
    mocking tone .
    c1) ~!:E. 9..J>tiJt: "~ 1n ~-tf. ~ JJ .:r.1f, 1~ *r -tf.:l!.JL ~ ..t, ~ 1~ ~if~!"
    (2) ,J, ..f.. iJi.: "1~-* :it '.t 1~ :!!.# ~ ~~f ;:r;; jff, 1~ ill. JJ!l -!- T a" "ft Z. ? ~-!-?"
    ::t- 5R 9..1~ >&~itt: T , " ~ 1~ !]off- l:ll ~ ! "
    ( 3) ~ 1lt l£:it +;ff k 1-t 6'-J A , :!!. 7ft~~~~ -iJL l:ll o o

    18
    22. ,j,~-~JL (xiaocai yl dier)
    ~,l[tt~;f~$~" 1~fflJ1Jio
    It means very simple ; easy to do .
    (1) -4-~ ~ -Yli*-1tl f;.i if-, ~ J:.li #1 JL ~ ~ ~-1- ~Jt.$: Jb, .R ~iro ·~, :t
    11:., at :t +- 1i 5r 'J' 3it :-l!l\t JL o
    (2) A ~it .:J'C- ~.f.d<. i!t- Jr.. Jet~, M.. ,J, iJl. jf- :It~ ~ij; J.d<., ft.~ JL 1'-- ,J, ~ -1- :i£ /f: it ,j,
    3it -l!l\tJL o

    23. Il[;E§§~txCTI~-t~~=¥ (yl ba haosh6u)


    ~;!jt${i*~p1iJjfa9J\.o -ill.PJm. "jf=f" o
    A person who is good at something. Also, "jf=f".
    ( 1 ) -j,jf.. ~ >] fJ!. ;r:: 1-t ' ~iJLJJb X.. J.d<. fJ!. 'fit- ;te. :itt+0

    , ( 2) ,J, 3.. it 1!}-$- ~ - .te. tf. + , ~ Jt. iA.. i.R T ;r:: ~- -Jt tl:i >fll ~'t-$- ~ iiJ ;fJL o

    24. txk!St81IDE (lou) 5'-=¥ (yl sh6u) 0~


    * * *
    te;!lt -~~ JJU a9 tt ~ f3~ JJ JJl ili o if!. iJi. "IS Wff =¥" ., "IS JL =¥" o
    Show off one' s skill. Also, "IS Wff =¥" , "IS JL =¥" .
    ( 1 ) ~'JfiJL 1~ 1~ W1 ~ JI:J 1~ 1-lf- /f: 4if , 1t Z. at 1~ AA-1\ 1fHl- --t ")tif?
    (2) ~~llt~~ T -~t.~~. 1~111~it~;$, ~;it.M-1~1f1§l.JL--t o

    25. txim?±~1'-1' (zhengge yf ge) "1-Jl§"


    :JG~, 1W~, s?tzWS9o
    Completely or wholly .
    c1 > fJ!.iJL m~ Jt. t: *- ;f: , * ~ Ft *A~ J£ * , ;t- Jf .:t ~ ~ ·r:£- ·r:£- ~ :R»rt, iJL
    - .Jtb i'fi -ll!. ~')f /f: ·t~ ~ if; , ~ +-+:Jli., -1- (madman) o
    (2) M!.~ :k:.~-1- vJ.;g- 3t 1-t.1tlk, ~ *-!i:J! ~#~RJJi!.~~+- +lff- *- ~ o

    26. ]~~i5G (mei de shuo)


    ~?&PI w; ., N lllJ IJl o

    OK, of course, no problem.


    ( 1 ) ~'~ 1f1 it M ~ , /f: ;it it-!- ;fJL ~ 4i 1'-- A 111!j ? 5-t ~ iX. !
    ( 2) }11] ~ 1\" /f: T 1~ , ~iJL. + ft- ~ ~ , N€!. .llg JJr! JL (go on an errand) ~'-f 1t
    ~~' &~~' _R~~~-~i{;;il(.~o
    -tf!.~w;~~mjf,&~~~PimW~o
    It also means very good , no shortcoming .
    19
    ( 3) :t- *- ~ M ~ 11~ 1if Jk.._ 5~ aJ.J i.t , M ~ 11'1 ;(;f ft Z.. -. , 1\!?.. .& k ~ •\.; " •ti: o
    ( 4) ~ ~ ~ ~ WJ ? J'12 ~ ~ ~ ~ i.t ~ J:. }!;_ l}i -Jtf WJ , 1if 1\!?.. 11'1 WJ ~ ][3 Jill jj- ( after-
    sale service) $.- Jk.._ 5~ WJ i.t o

    -, m~~tl-tmiit~llxt J~Ht-1~~:
    ( 1) •lf(£~*~/G:tlf A. -:ffi:tlf~
    (2) ~¥dla1~tl B. 1lli; J§f JM
    (3) /Git*J,~1Mr1t~ c . Jt T :l1t 1Ft}
    ( 4) {fit*~~Hfit1~1~:tlf 1¥1 A D. 1j\~-~JL
    (5) -{A1g1itc*¥~~1ft~ffi) E. "PftD~JL
    ( 6)m: fiij I!' PJ IV. F. m:I¥Ji)l
    (7) ~H~faJiJi, m::ff{,,1t G. ~)bt,m:JW
    (8) N:ff ~~, m::ff~1$ H. tJ/GJ&~1$

    =, :®m€i~a<Jiii.li-!f:il~:
    i.t~ T 5~;;t~ -;fe.-Jtf-1- 46-4-~ :k_ •-+ •J'Jit-ZJitJL 1.£•\.;.JL-!-
    k.r:JJtli- .#1~~** i±:-f:-!-
    c1) 1mxt~iJt: "1~~4: 7? •xt/G~, ~{fJ I!'FJ(:J!JEi1$-Jfm~I¥J, 1$!/Jtl
    ,
    ______o

    (2) §JA~'¥1~ 713~:%::k:IW!V.J§f' {tBI¥J~f*mt-Jf:Mt _ _ _ _ _ 7'


    A lli:tlff~- T -T-~ 7 + JL:# o

    ______o

    (5) ~~m##iJt: "~a>I*!l!:ff --t;~ tr J,, ~**rJt/&1fitt&, ·l't~/G1~,


    ~~~~' ' :§'}[;:J!~/G~~I¥J{~(Hl!J:o"

    (6) ~111-~ JR.11Ba<J~'@.8Jl:~:l1!~*1-Ta<J$ _ _ _ _ _ 7, ::k*


    t~1~~~0

    20
    (8) fmttti-¥1/J\, 1!J\JJU 1: ~, ft!Vf~ ~m<>L.' RLUfJ\ _ _ _ _ _ _ , 1m~~
    xt IfF ~P #~1t 1¥1 A o
    (9) xlJ ~ & ~ f!P wJL\ 1¥1 _ _ _ _ _ , A ffJ ~ ft ~ tt * _t 1¥1 x1t®! t~
    *iJHmriiJ o
    (10) ~~I¥Jtr~~~f£££~*, PJ1:!t1fJ::f~f~#~~lfl:¥1J, )={~~ll* T
    ~AI¥1~~~~~ o

    =- , ffl tiUE: iii.l i~ ~ pj(; 1' iHY.J X't 1.8 :


    ( 1) 5fJ 5fJ: ~~i1:1:lt~~1JO tt•, 1:!(;-J£~~1~~-;g, 1:l(;jT!1~~·~ To
    ::aflW: o (1-fi-T~)

    B: _ _ _ _ _ _ o (.R .::t::l±······*- T)
    (3) A: 1:!(;1¥J~~J/Fffl~~~. _ _ _ _ _ o (.R.::t::i±······*- T)
    B: Jdi~~nB, ~~ltT8Jt~:J:YrT o

    (4) ilbilb: llJTJL-=fiJi.fm~*~~~~YIPo


    -'8-1% = JJU llJT 1m 1¥1 , o c.::t: Jt · ·· ·· · ~~ #c: *)
    (5) A: JJU~ Jj\5kT"JJti I¥J::f1T' {~1:~£i~H-=r 0
    B: ~PI\JiJ, o (Jt ...... ~~#c::ift)

    (6) A: , ~2,:k8'9Jrll91'f~/F%fll!? ( -7J1;f- ··· ···)


    B: ~~ 'g T, 1±~~fl6 T~ JL:X a

    (7) JL-=f: -1%~, ~~~:G2,~? ft~~}iSt?


    -1%~: , ~~~Jj\~1:~~l~o (-7}1;f-······)

    (8) A: {/J\;'G~ll~tfT? ~ft2,Xt£$nB? iJi.tiDI~. -tt1ilf:k~~~mfW1fJ\o/e,


    ______ o Utl· ·· ···:!± .::t:-:!-)
    B: ~$}1£-tf1W::fT~o

    (9) ilbilb: Jj\ajJI¥JJM~TQlJ§-::fJf~WTPB?

    (10) A: ~~'J\5iEiitT#:X~2,fflr:E!n&, {fi!.ff)t~:faJJSo


    B: fmnz, o C1fk--k-)
    21
    C:;:t 5R ~ 12f 12f J-t Jt :i1l 7 ;)]. /~ '£. )
    ~~:~#~A*~·-T. ~--~-~~-~~R~TRAo
    ~~=~~~~~~?~T~m•~~T?~re~~~o
    ~~= ~.~•To~fi*~•~~~m~T~~•m. ~~T-*•&~
    JL T, i!~, ~8Jt.X-* T, r~H~-~ a
    ~~: &~Jilt?
    ~~:&~JiltT~.~~T-ft~~oB~~~--~~~. ~~-~-~
    ~~~, PI. -CJ ll5l:€ffi~JLT~fm1f1Tr5~ ~, ~i_#.-10, •ff+10
    ~-~.•m•*~---~~m~~~o
    ~~:~re~~*ili*~-~T-hT?
    ~~=~~ff.~T-TW·~·CJWT!
    ~~: ~7¥~.~&ff~~~~~-ftT#A*To
    ~5-LE: PJ~8Jt~~~~JL~~~t~, ~~i!:tB~~r. T, ~~~HA1U.Tfi\t?
    ~~: :f~ T, 1$'~1~1~~Pt:L i5t£d~, 1$mGT~_t~~JL~*W, 1j\fr5 ~*W
    ~~~:r£0 PJJ~JL*?
    :t::5-LE: 1J~~'J\frSML~~*1iJI JPJ P JL, ~:t::-*13~JL~*I§, W1ih111U¥t~~JL
    22
    T.~~~~~&m•. ~.&m~~o
    ~•=•~~fr~*w•~m-•.~•m~oo~¥.~-~fr~~•·•
    ~•fr~~aOOM±m•To~-~*-~~~~¥~~~~M.a
    15"11Mfl* , ¥ ~ , ~ 8Jt ~~~_too 1¥1 :tii!.:W:11J~H~ r ~ o r ~~ 191~~?
    ~51E: 111\~, _t!Hff{E]1f ")*1:.tc", )*11~~j(, 13G_t191~JL1JG"*P!f? Jf
    T, 1'J~~~;J,:%:ttJL*1JGW1JG 1¥1~{1[1~, ¥~-ll}~- Jtt-=f9:, £XIJ
    *
    ~ T o 1~ , Jf13G fjJ ill P~ o
    ~-= 11~ffl\~6o~~~Jtn71<~JLT? ~:tt, 1~-tl!;ij!, ~!ILX.~jJttftJlX.~tf
    ~.~fr~~~m~?~##•~-~~~trm~~~m••-w;ij!
    -Wo
    ~ 5-LE : 13G 8Jt 00 ~ :fJ 1! . llff llff Jf !'ifJ , llff iiJT J5t ~ , mIV. ;E ¥ti 191~ JL'M ¥ti 191~ JL, m1¥1
    ~%-, n~, JJII.~~~~~f*? P~, 13G~J!(.~Ji&"*1~1n 11~ JL~ *E T,
    ~~mft~M1'*~Jt~7 _r_~ o
    ~~=m~.•®~A•m•~m~-•,•~-•.~~1¥11!1•.~~~
    ~~Ji!fHfl\ tJt- ::k $ , m ffl\ ¥ r.fH! n!f ~ n]f , 1-t!! 8Jt 0 Mz ~ iA A T a Elf IV. uL
    ¥~*E~~"*oo••mo_t~13G~IW*~I¥1•~~@97*~~.
    ~T*"*~.A~=-~ma~~To
    ~5-lE: frT, ~~. ffJ\JJ!J~~JLJ}j:~J§~T!

    1. m (xiao) m9:: t1~9:m~' ~{1}1:9:o (calm one's anger)


    2. ~-~ (qian) *-~ (zh1): f{l-~, ~Jitf,~g-£:tt-~~JJ!)C ft.tJT (frustra-
    tion),@, :fi-K-1)1~-J,,.R, ~lfto
    3. 15": rPJ ~ :k$ n ~ 15" (accuse)
    0

    4. ~ ( re) : 5! ® 0(provoke)
    5. 00 : tlt:i:J $ ~ 1~ ilL (pursue; seek)
    6. tim Mz : x>t A 1¥1 ~ 1i' ~ ~ ~ ~ o (suddenly turn hostile)

    1. )Xfe!JftA::t1''fj.l.5 (bu xianghua) j


    ¥#~fi~~fi1'1~~M~.~~~.~~~~AI¥J~-~-mo

    23
    One' s speech or behavior is unacceptable or wrong . It expresses the speaker' s dis-
    content or blame .
    c1) ~ -r- :it -Jt n -:it 13L : "1;f- Jt- yt)!! *- ~ :::r: 1f. ~'* 7 , i!_ ~ oft ;t lE1 *- 0"
    (2) ~Lk.kl'M-~~~J.®i3L: "Jt-5til'~1;f-, ~+~, 1$~-*-*-· ;~~~~
    il. 1$ ~ ~ 1f11tk t,&. TJt ? i!_ 1-- ;t ~tl ' ~ ,(f. k ;r: 1f. 1&- 7 ! "
    ( 3) i!_;ff 1' 1f.-i&-l¥J A-ffiU PJJ~ JL ~ 1' ~ xk~ o

    2. ~1' (zhebu), Rl.WCX.~ J'


    Rm~om~.moo~~w•o~~A~ili-~M~~-~~.m"~
    ~" 51 iliif~*i¥1$'1f*:1JOI2Hif~o ilL~ "~~~, o
    It is only used in dialogue and must be followed by a pause. It is used to introduce
    evidence in support of the previous statement. Also , "~ ~ ~" .
    (1) 1d!.,J-.fo1JL: "~-1'--A-IXJUJtt-!-, ;f,/G)ti!_~, ~;;t~1d!.Jtt-kl¥Jo i!_;r:, 1d!.
    fi-J m1-r- 4- i~AJi ,(f. ~ 1'r TJt 0 ,

    ( 2) llJT ffiU ~ ¥t if1d!. *.. *.. ,tr ~ 41r , 111!. i>L : "~ ~ JL Jt .ir ~ 41r "ilr , ~ Jt + .L ,tr
    ~~41f·~.J[~~~#J~J-.j)to i!_;r:, ~1--*-Jit#J£..*-;.ffg,~~J±f*-7 a"

    3. ~61':tz:BSJ~~qr~e5J (gou keyl de)


    ~~~-I¥J*~,~~.~~~-~1¥JW~o
    One has reached a high level or degree ( of either good or evil) .
    ( 1) 1;f-l¥J -t ~ ~ Jt- ~ "iif v~ l¥J , ·t:k: ~iff~ 1f1 , 1;f- ~ PJJ~ JL ~ *- #) ?
    ( 2) 1;f- * i~H>L1-f ~ "iif v~ #) , ~ )(:_ I~ ~ Rfl llJT , ~ Jt- v~ :)] )(:_ ¥:_ JJ;J A_ iJL #) lJt !
    (3) ,¥f,¥f-Jt-~"iify~l¥J, .te;.~#)~~Jt~GJ-i&"~l'i>L, j_l~.j~ 7 -f*..o

    4. QJ~-D~~ (y1 kou yao ding) EE~J L/f~1lli11'Jfc5~8SJ


    ~-Ut:f~~~1t~~o
    Speak with certainty, no doubt.
    ( 1) ,J, 1!; ~#13L, 1-l!!.i!.;ff-1t1X k {~ J±f ;t ~tl ~ l¥J J.® 7i , ifi1 ;t ~J .Wti- o l13t_ /t ,J,

    JJ; ),}.._- -Jt ** ;WG Jt ~lJ ;ff m·~ , A·~ il.1-l!!. ,(f. k *- oo~W :!:: R o
    (2) #:-.:ll:. ~$}ij ~if·~ (suspicion), 1.EL,(f. )~ ~$ -jf-it :f= ~ tW, 1$1' ~- 0
    l13(_ /t.A._ ;f,t )(:_ 111!. *
    #) 0
    ( 3) 1d!. jf-5~ /(f * Rll ;;t ~ fJ~ 1-- ~ -J- Jt ii. ~ *'"" ~~ l13(_ 1¥) , 17[ 111!. -ip - o l13t_ /t :lk_ ~ ~
    1¥) k }if~~ l13(_ 1¥) 0

    5. 15~159~ (hua II hua wai) 8SJ~Jm~~R7Sc51~'§


    24
    One' s words contain other impolite meanings .
    ( 1) .£. ~J£ff. at*-~~ J:~ J i. ' ~ 14 5!t .i.4xt ~ .1t.t 1t z. it*' 'f w Jf_
    w )'~~~it _j: !±: ~ ~ 0

    (2) "~ 1t z. ~ 1-T? ~~ 5!t iJL~ ~ ~ 113f?" ,J, ;fit~ NY-~ f.z] ' ~ ~ w $-: "1-tk.
    )(_ 5!t iJL ~' 'f 1-tk. w Jf_ w )'~ ~ ~ .~ 1;f- j£ 11Jf ~ !±: 11~ ?"
    ~~ *
    ( 3) ~ ~ *- ~ =- :ki - ~ JJL 4]:\ Jk itt iJL ~ ~ .. ' w Jf_ if> )'~ ~ :1!: :t :t '}<_ Jf, ;;f~
    (gloat) ~. ~ ~~ o

    6. ~~mt~~~Yt!l~7~D3 (fei koushe) j


    Ch7 :liiiU~- § 1¥1) i~1~$1¥1~ o
    Do a lot of talking.
    c1) ~111Jtl~ n ~ ~ :k.. ~ f T ~:Yo -5, ,&Jf-#f- T :iil-k 0

    ( 2) it }J1Ptl1-tk. ~ f o ~
    , 1-tk. ;t ~ ~ 17Jf 1$ ~ o/t. o
    (3) ~ff_ *-z 91J1 JJF JL f T-'¥- *- o -5, ~Jfr 5~z 91J1,& .1f- ~ ~ ~ -k To

    7. f$.]]"$~ (naolebantian), 11JU~~R~D~~


    ~7mK~~~~~m7•MI¥J~~~•ffio
    Know the reason or fact after a long talk .
    ( 1) 7t 31~ ~ at 1'*- ~ 1fdr'JI;~ JL , ,-t Z. 5!t A* o/t.? Iijij T -f *- 101 ~ !±: ff. ~ JL o
    ( 2) Jijij J -f *- 1$ )(_ ff. 101 ~ 173f ' ~ j£ )I~ ~ it 101 ~-*}--*}- o/t. 0
    c3) ~ )I~ ~ 1.r-1n ~~it. T , )ijij T -t *- , it 1n ~~it. "Ff o

    8. ~~B~~1:F!C. Czhe ba nianjl) j , BS~~~YtiFfm


    ~grH~*· ~PJi~ "-*m~g~:" o
    Very old. Also, "-j(:ffi~gc".
    ( 1) 1;f- ~ ~ z.- :k...te.lf- ~ J ' ,-t z, i£Jtl ,J, ~ -T- t-f?
    ( 2) ~ ~ 3k ~itt *JS.-1$ T , it i!G m:. ·~ Jt Jr "e , Jr 1t z. t-f Jt 1t z. # , ~~~
    .te.lf- ~ J ' if 1t z. :Jft~ ~ :Jft~ ~ 0

    9. iSG~Uffit (shu6daodl), 11nfi'JL~1t<J=tl~) L*ffi~


    lJ\11!*-l:i~; i~iU:&l~ o
    In the final analysis; at bottom.
    ( 1 ) ~ 1f1 ~ x}J li 1-tk.1fl _k_ -t-1i!J'J , 'f i>L $ij $_. , JJF Jt A ~ ~ ~ jj- .. , 7~ A ~ :1ft i~
    --1-k~o
    25
    10. Jj\fc§BJ>F~§~5ff:¥UIUIBJLn Chao dao nor qu)
    (~~lm) + iiJIIJJ~JL*" ffllifi'iJ%3'\~JF "~ + (%~iPJ) " 1¥JJ.l}i!L t£
    ~J£1D 9='W. " (%$iPJ) + ~¥1J~~JL-*" o
    It is a rhetorical question, meaning "~ + adjective" . In declarative sentences, we
    can say "adjective + ~ ~U ~ JL-*" .
    ( 1) /F ;Yfu k* 7 -t- * J-J "Jb? !1~ fi~ ~ itl PJJ~ JL-!-?
    ( 2) •J' ~ -1¥- M.. fFJ .#1 i*- fi~ ~it itl ~ JL-!-? Jfl /F :l ik ~ ht-lt Yip o
    (3) #JG-tf_ i!:. JL ~ ve,, -!-~if~ -t!!At. iL /F itl ~ JL-!- o

    11. ~~fill11'J~$:~~JL (banshulianr) 5


    _R:NdJdRJitA, {8~~1~~~0
    Know somebody but not very well.
    ( 1) ~ -*tl 3.. ~ 1£ /F ±. ~ , ~ ;Yfu Jt -t- -f ~ J1ft JL , -il:.i-1!!." i!:. -t- •)'i: ;t[ ,??, JL /F -@-
    i!.lft::.?
    ( 2) 1-1!!. fFJ X. F;f- W1 JL 1tl r , ~ JL ~ ;t[ 1-1!!. fFJ JVl h:., ~ JL 1f1 , -f ~ Mt JL fFJ ;Yfu 3t.
    %7 0

    12. Jillli<5ffi.$ti5 Chao shuohua)


    (~A)~~M~~*~*B~.$S •• o
    (Someone) has a good temper or is not stubborn or easy to he persuaded.
    ( 1) .ft. ~ ' & :1; -t at ~ Jt ~ :kt i>L i-&- fFJ A. ' Pf -tE :I;g:_ 14<f J:. ' & ;j; 31: 1f ;r::: !1~ ~
    :ktiX. i-&- 7 ' ~f. il: i-1!!.111-tM. ~ ;r::: Pf 5~ ** '
    i-1!!.1J'J _.R. :kt ~ j:J: .t~ & -f
    0

    ( 2) 1-t!!. ~ , *A. - M_ .if!Ht. ~ •\.; -*k_ , :kt iJL i-&- , ;Yfu -'A
    ~JL.M :l-t- 'f Jf-11=1-* o
    *
    ;j; lfL fFJ !1~ -t- !:& D Jt .;!- ,
    0

    ( 3) ~ Jt:!!. itl ;r::: :kti>L i-&- #] ..I. tf A. .m ' 1.t ~ ~- -t- ~ ~ ~ ;r::: 1-T ' ~ 1f ~ ~ 0

    13. fffitE~1t~>F!9~~~-=J= (liu yl shou)


    :ffJ:ijff*tj' IV,~JJ-o
    Keep something just in case (or in preparation for some major occurrence) .
    ( 1) .ft. ~ f- -tE 7}- ;j; ~ #] at 1*- ' 1-1!!. ;Yfu fif 7- +' 5~ ;fe. ~ V;{j -t- ~ .t~ :a ilt *' t7ii
    Jtffi. T~:Alo
    * +
    c2) :ii v;p-1-f :ttit At t; , ~ fif ~- + , ·r~ it At ~ ~ 1 , ~ mc. iFJ !:E. ~
    ( 3) ~ ::t- ~ 1f :I;g:_ A. ::F *- Pf *'
    ;Yfu fif 7 - + ' 5~ ;fe. ~ i-&- --5- ~ ~ {£ :bl:% ijf 1-1!!.
    0

    26
    14. 75-~1-t~IOJNm, :JJ~ll:ll~1-t~ffi~~jlif..tJtlt.~ (poi shang yongchang) j
    tfffl, iJ~fflLo ~JE11J~iJt "~~_tffl~" o
    Useful. The negative form is "~~_tffl~".
    cn l!. ::t- & -r - ltl -r ~ t,t iffi , ~ ~ Jt -M- ~ .i: .i: ~ ~ 4 , ;tr at ~ 11i. ~ ~ ~~ ~
    J:. mJn o
    ( 2) 1-lt --f-lf- ~ J:. ~ ~ it,fk , J:. ~ w ~ 1-f. :;j;Q ~ ~it. , J!. ~ YA J€; 1-lt i't{ t3t at ~ ~
    J:. T mJn o
    (3) ~111~ ~~Jf?. ~~ JJF~I£1~ ... ~i.R, ltl T J!.JL*J- ~ ~~/f:J:.1t ~ Jfl .ih o

    15. 11J(~~?±~=f:it (q1 bu guo), WC51lli11'J~


    j(~~' ~iJ~fct~o
    Too angry to tolerate.
    ( 1) :kt /f: ~ j~A. iJL l!. 1t -. , Jt Jt. 1£ * -=r w , 1E. :kt 9.. /f: it , it Jt. .:tr t. u- ~%
    iJf J 1t~o
    (2) -Jt~1-lt:it/f:l'Jtp, •\.;~~~-'t- T, Tif:kt:it~~~/f:1f, 1-lt*-J-9../f:it,
    .tJ ~ * -f- J:. ~ ~;it;};} T it-!- a

    16. ~~~~-Jtt~~. ~:IW=f:-* Chua bu lai) j


    ~~~ ~OM~ffi~l'f~K"~~~*"
    /I, ·I..El1v o FJ ..At.~=~ :J l&, )~' P.,~ Y-A 1-X. )(;'J 1v o

    Not worth it. The opposite is "~tl1i*".


    ( 1) ~~ 1tAl, 1t JJF ~ ~ 43t, ;t,t 5V ~ ~~ jf-, ~11 /f:*-o
    (2) ltl T JJFJL, k *-1~~ 11., ~iX.1t T ~ ~ ~ ,J, at, :31.Jl /f: *-o
    (3) 1~-*it.5Vl!.~.*-JL 1 J':f:9_.J~T ~-r. JJFTif;i!G:k~IJ/f:*- T 0

    17. :J3~1'lnr& 60 t~txlitt:tJ71<.~JL (do shuTpioor) j


    ~s~T.*~~&~~.~~~@~*To
    Spend much money and get nothing in return.
    ( 1) ~ T *-
    r i;, ~:i2£1-lt ~ JJF 500 #t43t-'t-Jt..:tT7l<-~JL To
    (2) ~ atiJLJt.it-lf-;i!Git, TifJJ\!.~lWJf-~it-!-J', -:J;It43t~)~Jl...oto -{-
    1;/t 43t ;it l!. ~ .:tr JJ<- i# T o

    18. ifflt!l~: CnT ye sh1)


    {.A) +~A mw . . ~g¥A.Rffl~OM~o
    It is only used in conversation, indicating the speaker blames somebody (for the same
    reasons already mentioned) .
    27
    ( 1) ::k..1~d€- T %% -t .£ #J ~~ -T- , ~ %% .:k_~ .-:; , #+t ::t *- ~ ~ iJL: "::k.. if ,
    1;f- -t!!.. Jt , -t 1t ~ ;r:: M- , -t lfl!j lftlA .tr *- ~ o "
    ( 2) ~ -t!!.. Jt , iJL 1t ~ ;r:: M- , ~ ~ ~~ ::k..-+ , ~ 1-f zf= ::k.. ~ ;r:: 1i. J;t ~ ntt ~m o
    ( 3 ) 1;f- 1n ;r:: ii: :i!- ~ iJL ;t 5R , ;r:: :1± , ;t 5R -t!!.. Jt , ~ ijq .tr 1- .t~ ~ ;r:: ;ilG jk :i!-
    r lfl!j?
    *
    19. 11JH~J ~1'~-t±l~-t±l (xiang yl chO sh1 y1 chO)
    m~~~-~~*~.~~ttff~~•.~mw~••o
    Ill-considered; do something without thinking over. It is a critical phrase.
    ( 1) JJF 1- <e ;fJil.. ;fJL ;r:: )(_if .:#tM- #; lfl!j ? -t lfl!j 5l_ * ~ -diJj- #; ? {;f- .#,- )(_ j~ - l:l:l )(_- l:l:l 0

    ( 2) ~ ffl ~ i3tAI!!. Jt ~- l:l:l Jt- l:l:l , .#- .~ /~ JJ %# ~ll "1i'J , -t lfl!j ~f *-!- T lil #;
    :r..r~?

    (3) ~~ t~-l:l:l Jt- l:l:l , -k.. E7t ..:r- .£ #J ft.~.t!. r, iJL* iij; 3J .tr M.J--it, 9..1-f~
    ~~ r 11l!.M- fL.ko
    20. ~Bll:t;fnASifcS~~~i)t9~-~, f~9~-~ (shuo de yf tao, zuo de yl tao)
    ~~~~~~-~.~~m~.~~~~~~~o*~~"~~~-~.
    f*~~Jj-~" 0
    One' s words are different from his action, or he does not do as he promised . Also,
    "~~~-~' ~~~Jj-~".
    ( 1) "~ $ _&f;f- if ;f: 1-t lfl!j ? ~ .kif :£ JL ~ - /t M-f;f- -!- o"
    ";r:: 1-r ' 1;f- ;t !k_ iJL #; - 4-1#:.. #; - 4- ' 1;f- 4'-- *- ;f/G 1-f M- ~ -!- 0"

    ( 2) 1;f- ;t. ~ fi~ ;f~ 1t 111!. #J ~ ~ ? 11!!. - f,iJ Jt iJL #J - 4-1#:.. a'-J - 4- o

    21. A~=~)jii)t (erhua mei shuo) fit1Lgg:fWj


    ~~~T~$.~~~~*~~-~T~$0
    Do something at once, or do something without saying anything.
    c n ;t Yl- ~J~ ** r *-*-, ;t 3-.:::..~)k iJL, --k-~1i.11l!.;i!Gii.7r ~ 0

    c2) 111!. lfJf Jt. ~ 1n #J 1~ , .:::.. 1--&- 5k iJL , ;ilG ~ ~ T ~ 1n #J ~ i.)l o


    ( 3 ) J:. ;k_ -1- )J}] ~ *tl 11!!.1* -$- , %.:::.. ~ 5k iX. i! ;fe:. -$-1* i@- T A ~ a

    22. 1m~UtEJ2J Ln~~Fo® (fang mahoupao) J"


    i~!It T, $'ifB~tst~ T:Ti~o
    Say something belatedly.
    c1) •·tt~~!:E T , iJL1t ~ -t!!.. 5k m r, f.~ -tl!..J11l .#- :i!-JLii~ g :.tB r, ii: -t1t
    28
    Z. ;f)[. -T 1f Z. -!- ve:, o
    ( 2) 1;f- ~Jf- iX. ::f. ;fJc. 5~ it-.= JL T 19 ?
    11 J}t ,(L~i 1t Z. 1!; Jii- iB !
    ( 3 ) 1;f- f.iJ 1~ ~ 5~ ;;ff JfJ , 1tt ilL.~ j_t 1!; Jf7 :kB o

    - ' :ii'£ .m ft ~ 1¥-J iii] i~ tl ~ :


    •-+ ~~* ~*· ~-~ ~l!;Jf;~ ~::f.~Jf)~ ~~~~
    it~~~~-~~-~~~-~.~~-~
    (1) ~if~ T, ~~~~1i!L(!rf$£Att~?

    (2) f±1:E:Xtll1E, t~i!tll~, §1-T$1:E~JL~*-----' !k


    T m~ffJ o

    c3) ~-* 811 at f'-* 5iE * ~ iE 1:£ liZ tli, riff~ iJl.JG fm _ _ _ _ _ 8Jt li!L( ~
    £:)'H£o

    (4) f$ ~ 1! -:h T ~ ~ Wff


    _ _ _ _ _ _ To
    ~ ~ 1B § B 811 :5t 1* ~ tf T, 1J~ 8Jt *
    (5) :ffa"JAj( _ _ _ _ _ T, HJM811tliN;:l)Ji~flfL1JJ, ;ffi~JL3F1~
    {L(JI!±o

    ( 6) ~lL~f~ ~ :ff + :7t 811 ;ffi 1Jj , :kiB /G ~ * tf:\ ~ a"J o :kiB PI /G -T 1J~ # * ~
    _ _ _ _ _ _ 811$o
    (7) lj\ 5{( ill,: "~ Jf!. !9t lf tf:\ ~ JE i!ff :ff ['PJ ~o" ~£~:;gill,: "{$ !);'
    _ _ _ _ _ _ PB, ~ati$PI~~~i3ta"

    (8) 1$~5tf&~miT, 8Jt-JE~f1-*1i!Z, ~Q:W: ______ , ~~$:


    M:ti: 8111~ f± 811 o
    (9) mo~fm~-*0ffi, ~ff17f~il/G*IP1~. r!*r!-*ii1.8Jt1Pl~T, mr!it
    -T"M~. ~1:E~X .ill.*~~§B7f0PJ,~m
    Jt/G~m1mi!~~r!B11 o

    c10 ) ~1n JL ~ A 'tl3 $ m ~ :ff ilE m , JJtJ J\. /G ffi 1~ ~ 1n , 8Jt


    _ _ _ _ _ , ;ffifm ffJ JEL( ~ ffJ iJt 811 't~ 'f~ :i'tf!.ffl JJZif m. :5JZ T T o *29
    B: _ _ _ _ _ _ o (Jijij"j-'f-~)

    (2) 1*-=f: £:WJ:WJ*I¥11t:&JL:J!iJGlf~H*I¥1Mf'*/FJj\,L•Jii:I/FE8 o


    ~1!; ~1!; : J\jij 7 -'f- ~ )
    0 (

    (3) ~1!;~1!;: J3:JLE8tt/F:!lf' JJO :(:EJ3:JL~' ~ ~Jtij :X P§ fn- :f;JcJL * £ J& jf


    fl}~~~o
    ~~: ------
    o (A !U ~JL-!-)

    (4) ~~: 1J~.®:9:f~JL (~Tifv:A~)


    *
    o

    ~lb ~lb : :9: 1* -=f ~ ~ , 7-1 7 i#; 76 , 14- -~ JLtfM9: :k a

    (5) A: 1:1\~ o (~Tifv:A~)


    B: iJG~~~~fnE8M~,~fn-~~E8o

    (6) A: iJG/Fmt:J!~i!Jli)t~~? £~Jl1Ff~x>t~i~l!1J~~/F~4,?

    (7) A: f~Mitlm*I¥1Ht{'*, ~*~-=~ _t9='~o


    B: :}!Pili!f, ~:(:E-~:::kA 7, _ _ _ _ _ _o (:1!_/f:)

    ( 8) A: XIJ a)j ~ :J!ftf:i:i11~* ~ ~?


    B: --------,------- 0 (-ovJ(_/t_)

    (9) A: f~iE:J!fi}Ji!~~*:!lf:!lf~i~P~, -ffiitfm~~~m~mo


    B: o (fo%)

    (10) A: P~, 7-Jft~ P§frJ;f~~IfF1J~~Xftlife?


    B: ------
    o (iX.!U At)

    30
    ( ,J, .l.. ~ ~ 11f11fJ\k..N8:!!.*-)
    !j\_=E: $~' *~!
    $~:~~~~~~~~~~~.~~-~~~?
    !j\3::: ft~~PT~~*WB[:ff?
    $~:~~.~~~~~~~~~To
    ~3:::~~~~~?~~~~~fi$$~£~~~o~m•~~~*··~
    §fpr-*i;Jo
    $~:~~~*···$7,~~.-~A~I~$~~~~£.~ffi~*
    ~£00,~~*7,~-~~87o~.~~~~~ll~~~T?
    ,J\3::: •~ili3'TiE•. ~1i!X.$~EI11!*~'J\{,,:n~fftl7-~$, 11d~s*-~· iE
    ijf~~~$.~-~.~~~§~~$~£.~~~~~?~~~~
    *-tV , il JJ!J J\. *:IE 7 , ~~ -~ ~ 7 o ~, $ ~ , ~ ~ }~ JL 7]( ~ , ~
    tHR1~%7 o
    *~=~~~~A!$~7~~ffl7](7,*.~~-~~m~.~~o~.
    31
    x>tT, ;J>£, i:!iUtjjP§1fJ~~iJt:tlf~~JL*~110·~~? 1$~~t5t.~
    ~-~~?~~ftfi~x·T~ID~xo
    ~.E:ft~•m*.m~~~ft~~ARTa~--0
    *~=~~?nn~m*?~~m~~•mT~~nn~••mftm~®
    *~?
    ;J•£ = #1$m£~J llJl~JL*- 7 o mk~t£:7'1£-$~-~9: ~, ~xft~t5t. ?9t5t., m
    mkmft£, mmB¥JG~~£. ibi£-T$, &:fl~t;·'~&~•o mk~*· ft-tfl.
    &¥!:JL*P~o
    *~=~~~. -D~tiT~~§B$.~~~9:-?~N~mmmk.~E(
    ifL&JtJnllnJ 0
    ~.E:ft&~mmk.ftMmkiJt.~~~m~*.tiT¥JG£-T~.R~~~
    fi*, Wilt~~C.·To m:M!-1'~JL:lt!!.~f&1JG, ~~JL'i%1JG~mk~~f!li~
    ~~. ~~JLX.'I%ftnJc~T:lt!!.1J, ~#. ft1!tl~T-t-~~~£o ~.
    i~~*~1~ft rP1mk!i!{f~~, 1$iJt~•riffl ~ 1 iJ~®;J•fH!rU!InJ, •~~*~ 1
    *~=~~•.~m~•:fl*•~.~mN~~~f!li.~•**~a~~.
    JL r JL¥1Gf!IHEflii**, t1A$:4tfij~*~'I:R:o
    ;J•£: llJTiJt~/fX%8"1 tm~$i1;J•1Hlr* T 1'-3i~fjjliiffl, 9:1~~/fX:tlf JLxf!Z:~rtlio
    *~= P§1fJ~JLlf!.W:r::kJJ9::tlf:tlf1j1j, x~T. ::ksx~. ::fiA#tr, 1t
    f!.\~at~1iBtt!£-*W, ·~%1mi!~®flJl~-=f1t~Pl:~, mi1i¥JG~~
    ~-T~1+5iL
    ~.E:~.~xfta~~~.-tfl.~~~~*tfo ~T~x. &iJtWT9:,m
    ~*~~£-om~ft~tE~xJtJOOmf!Jire$f!111±Wi:,#~£-~tio
    ~#1JG~ref!li,MiJt~~#tt~~.~§~~.~~~~-W~~To
    *~= tEIW~JL~~? ·~~! l!)t, 4Jii~~tE~JL? 1$~$?
    ~.E:I!)t-.m~ft~-~~.~Tf!11To1JG~To
    * : ~ ll)t , 1$ 8"1 ~~ -T , ;J• £ · · · · · ·

    1. ilitrlEtf (zhao): 1I1!**~'1if ~, &r~iU1~~J TmJa ~~* o


    2. f;jc~ (zhen): re~!fm~tk*--1-lfi{Jjc:JJJctE-®' 15!!~!fm:@ttk*--l-5!:~ 0
    3. M¥i Ciie ke): rf!l~¥g~~~o (quench one's thirst)
    4. ri*: A~, f51:7'1~~c.--~ WJJJUJ\., ~JJUAf~:tlf-rm ill~ o
    s. fl Jl: ~ JltE fl t1 ~A o Centrance guard)
    32
    1. ~1ffllffiH~l:.~1'til'~ (shang q1 bu jie xia q1) ~
    %~A~~-~~W~~m~~~~o
    Be out of breath from running .
    ( 1) ,J, 3.. llg J:. ~ ~ , J:. ~ ~ ~ r ~ 3>t .Xt ~ i>L : "~ -.kt T ! 1;iUL -f- iJ:. ~~ &@-
    ~T !"
    (2) ~ 1n JL +A-~$ ~J:h ll€!. T .1i. ,\ 111 , - + + ff-1-lf J:. ~ ~ .t~ r ~~ , "f Jt
    3.-~~~~#.ffl~~~·~~-#r*o
    (3) ~i\..,~,~ T, :W!.;;f J:.~~;f~r~J>tll€?.:Hl;ft~*o

    2. 11.1'QJ~~1'~"'oa Cmadaha)
    ~ JJIL ~fJA~.,:k~, llJH1J!~Ao
    The person who is careless and forgetful.
    (1) fl!!.ki--J!;:k.'*-, 4Jl~, 4~~1tZ.~tr:.'f-!-, ~;k.;)itJL-f-tl:-i-~, JttA
    ;fe; JL -f- #>--!- T a
    (2) £5Si ~+1!; *-'*- nu JLJZ.IiliJ T +~it, 1~YJ- J5l] #>--k JJJJ ~~~~~ T -#
    ~. "f·~~*•*T~#,M**-~~"f·~~To
    (3) ~,ff. 1111 :k._~.:r..1'f~ ~1*-, 'f~fl] -Jth_l!; *-'*-.fe;*~ #. ~ ~,ff.;fe@ J:.o

    3. i1.R~fl~A ( nl kan w6 zhe ren)


    ~~Am~~~**~M~a~~~,mWaffm~"~~~A-~~
    ~" 1$0
    This sentence indicates the speaker' s self-criticism. Also, "~ ~ ~A" , "%
    ~~".
    ( 1) 1;f- ;t ~~A_ , j~ 1;f-% ~ JL JWr T 4- *- , -lk. 5~ it 1;f- it!.-!- ~ ~ o
    (2) ;t ~~JJii\i-=f, 1-'l)tl ;;f ~ i>L.f~ ~ JL T , jl~, _xt, i>L.f~ tl: 1( ~ ~ fal a

    (3) ;i~, -•[i:, ;fe;~Z,:k._~·~~T, ~Jt1~~1i,, if>-1~o

    4. 11.1'~::6. i.)tt51'W~ (shuohua bu suanshu) O~ij


    iJtT~1~1t-:Z.$, m~~:::f$;1~gX;f)t~~. t!=!Bt~~JiS\~ "iJt~:JPJ&" o
    One's words do not count. The opposite is "iJtiJ5-~".
    ( 1) 1;f-i>L:i.i-.kt JL ik~~ ~-!-~ 4h 1211 ~JL, "f- ;J:~5~ ~ ~ -i-:ii, 1;f- ~ k i>L
    it~ Jt.M:_"
    33
    ( 2) 1;f.:@:. ·~ vt::. , ~ iJL 1-# Jf- :t9: , i>L ll}] ~ i£ 1;f. i/G 1'!}1 ~ i£ 1;f. a
    ( 3) 1;f. jjlJ ·tf1 ' % -r i5l *- k :R.. ' iJL if; Jf- • ' jlJ at 1~ ~ -* JE iJL 1-# ;r:; Jf- • ' 1;f. .-t.
    Z, ~~~-fto

    5. JXl'~ft-1' Ai5GJ"W (shuole suan) ErsJ~0.3f


    :fftk.J:E;&, 1JtB9t!n~!iJ§ B9tk:JEa ;ffiBt B9~,1[S',~ "i:}t T~-, a
    (Someone) has the final say. The opposite is "i~ T~-".
    (1) ~ .. JL1;f.}JUlaJ1-lt, 1J-1~1f1~1tZ-:f=JL~JEitk.~AiJL T X-a
    (2) Jl.1J-~JE~JL ~ :45-;fJL, ~ i>L T Jf-, 1;f-1f1 ~ 17Jf ~ ~ o
    (3) ~~iJL: "ltl $.~;r:; ~ ~, !1J1F- ~A i>L T ~ ;r:; Jf-, 4l k ~ i>L T Jf-, Jl.
    k El~~.m.t.),.~ ~ "
    -11'- I"~ .~ 1J'J'{. ~'~'J Zf-'-- T o

    6. ~11]~¥UID.IRJL~J" (xiang dao nor qu le)


    ;m~T, ~JE1iJDo
    Someone' s thinking is wrong .
    ( 1) ,J, 5R iaJ : T xt ;r:; ~ 1;f-1n ~ :f= vJb? 7!J 1t Z. 1;f-111 :45- ~ :t ~ ?"
    "~ 1~ "5~
    if," :45-.£ iJL, "1;f. ~ltl ~~ JL-:!- T , 5~A~:l1;f., k ~~ _:r_1t T , ~if
    ~~:f=o"
    ( 2) " if A ;t 32..1;f-1f1 1~ 1£ - ~ , 1;f. *it~ X- :kf J:. T ? " ~ ~ ;f: 5~ :.it iJL o
    "5~if ," ~Jt T Jt, "1$~ltlPJJF.£-:!- T, ~1f1XJE.!Wr T ~JL~o"
    ( 3) " ;& Z. 1;f. - ~A 1E1 *- T , 1;f-1fH~ "Y' * T ?" ~ ~ ;r:; ~:.it laJ o
    k~3t:liJL: "ft~ltl~~JL-:!-T, :W!.~~BJ(.J:.W.~I, fojfy-.A;f:WJ*- T a"

    7. fttff~9 i5t (hao shuo dai shuo), )IJJ:Qill~~2!S


    ffl~#fl~~iJtili~#~m&~mlJto
    Try every possible way to persuade somebody .
    ( 1 ) ifi- 1~ :kf J, <if 1-\t ;f: Jt vt , ftl!. i£ 1£ !£. ~ o k ~ :kf iJL 5 iJL ~ , ~ :45- -:k7J-:k7] ~
    :ii *- Jh -@ , ftk. ;;t ~ 51 :!:~ 11t T - »Jt ifi- o
    (2) ~1f1JL~A:kfiJL5i>L, ithi":t-5R.&Jf-~ffi. T, <iTJE1~~.tlt. T ~$14-a
    (3) :$-*iJL, ~:$-<i[Y'.A, -;;yig:-~A1l*-..::..1JJ;k:, ~1f1JL~:kri>L5iJL, itR>
    1-1!!. ~ ffi_ ig:-A 1lt. /~- -j-J;k: o

    8. q:r tB~ ( ke ye sh1)


    Q~~t!~ffl.~m~~¥AM~B~-~B91Jt~~-~o
    It is used in dialogue only , indicating that the speaker agrees with other' s words or
    34
    action which is different from his/hers .
    ( 1) 7t :!t{> ~ j£.1)t 1-1-%- .£_ iJ{) ~ * _:f: _!_/~ f, !£_ 7 - JU:. -r ~, PJf -t- -r:!!. ~ -
    ~.~~~~~.:!!.·~~~7~,~~M~~:i£;f:~A~%o
    (2) ~~;r::~:J;tiJL: "~-!-.x}J.x}Jt~t11l~ a-r, :i!.5l/ff1t~4%?" ~~·~MI..
    1.t : "a ;r:: {tt..1f. %- ~ , ~- ~ ·tt ot. 1~ :tF ~ 1!. , 1~ 1 ~A ~ fi{J ·tt ot. PJ& ? " ~
    :!t!b PJT 7 Jf; ' ,?i, 7 .~, *' "~ ~~' ~~A~ 11~ -it~ ::iF ;f: ~ 1!. 0 "

    9. -o~ (yl kou q1) ~J'" $WiE!fJ'.$


    ~-~~~~~-~M£~-~~. ~~~~,~~-0
    In one breath; without a break .
    ( 1) ~ ~t ~ Y/GJI8, -a 9_.J:..jtl :k ~, :itt 7 ~ f1 ;t Jf::h"J: 7 ,?i, JL ·~ o
    ( 2) :1!. -1'- -1~ -f- - a 9... ijf- 7t 7 -M:.. , tF l'al ~ i1: Ji1 A.:tft. M o
    (3) 1-ltj£~mi #' -a 9... 1'~ Jt. 7 u-r .£ iJ{) iti' ~Jf; k? M!..iJL: "-!t-i~ J:..!"

    10 . .R~ (zhl dang) ~~~lf*, mx~/11\ j


    Jl'Jt§~o
    Treat as ; regard as .
    ( 1 ) 1{/?; ~ ::jj~ ~ ~ .,ff. }}~ )L ' jjlJ A i.t 1t ~ 1-lt .R ~ 5~ PJT 3L 0
    (2) JJ...;Jotd!k.~:W!,, ~~~' :W!,~k_YJGiJ::W!,k_, .R~~)~/ff!£.J±:i!.~-1'--kJLo
    (3) :i{f-;i{f*f' ~ ;f: * ~? 7 ' .R ~ ~ 5~ * :l!!f' 1-r ;f: 1-t?
    11. q51ill-l'~JL (yf ge jlnr) :t-ill~?~R
    ~~j-!f!{~j]t$ 0
    Continuously or persistently engage in an activity .
    c1 ) lE7 jtl ~ , 1-~t iii ~ ;r:: J£ , .R ~ ~ f±. ~ -r J:.. - -t- ~}J J LMI.. :;fW ~ , ~ -r 1n ::iF ;r::
    :itt k ? i.t 1't- c
    ( 2) J' 3.. -
    I :itt*- ;1-,t - -t- #] ) L MI.. f,2} J;t. ~ iJ{) $t jjt,~ ~ tf 0

    12. R1~~J'§ (lao) 31"-~~~ (bushi)


    :¥: ¥U jjt *, :1:1
    Be criticized; be blamed.
    ?& o

    c1) ~ .;n n ·~ n -;f; ~ t~t , )~ ~ jtJ1~Ht 1 -t- ;r:: Jt , t~t 1.t ~ 1n ~ t~t ~ 1 1tt J7
    ~j:Jr 0
    c2) ~ -:k77 -:k77 3t :t1.t : "~ 1f .;;t 1n ~~# 1 :1!. Jtl:. Jt-% , :i£ it-t- ;r:: ~ o -r ,x_ ~ ~ ;r::
    'f J o"

    35
    13. ~U~* Cdaot6ul6i) JaS~ft loJ~m~r:t;:~
    iU~JEf, ~J§fi¥1#1=* C~~/G:ffl¥1#1=*)0
    In the end; finally (usually with a bad or unsatisfactory result) .
    (1) -kJ}-kJ}-iJL: "jJ JL-:k-f-1} 7 - ~-=f, ~~~ 7 -~-=f, $tl ~ 3lt--++~± ~
    -Jt7~o"
    (2) ~ 5R$UW.~ 11'1 -iJL: "1.f. 1f1 lif1-i ,J, ·~ .~- JL, #i4.. -;t: :t:: .it ,J, --f, liM :t:: -M- ftl ~
    *JJll A.~Ji!t, me.~ '*i-t-£-£ 0,

    14. JaS~ftloJ~!i!Pf'~ (pei bushi)


    rPJ ;!jt )di JJc 0

    Apologize to somebody .
    ( 1) ~ ~ ~ ft JL -=f fnJ .~ ~ ~ :t:: .it , -:ff-1-i ~~ :;}- :t:: :9;P i! ,'t- Z. .:t -M- o
    (2) ~*~ ~ 7 -~{J{;i~, ;fi~WJ ~-};;-~-i:--f" ~:Flf...o

    15. fl~1l:lJ;j\1ifuO~~, ~1'~*~ (bu shl dongxi)


    (.AJ~~*W ~~A~.*~~;!jtAm~~~/G-o
    It is used to curse someone or swear at someone .
    ( 1) 1it -liz.. va,J i@i - 1 * , t- M
    :iii. -iJL : " J' ~ $,- :f: lf... ~ l1fJ ~ 3( ~ ~ WJ , !7f 1f- ;lFlb .§-
    ~ -iJL~ WJ J:~ ~ 0
    *, *
    "

    ( 2) ;r- Ft l1JT $tl if A.,ff. ;l;f J€; ~ 1it :t:: .it ~ !7f 11t JHUf- *---1£ ~ + -:k A. ~ lt!. o
    (3) ~ A..1~_? i>i.: "~ ..::..:F .it*~, !7f 1it.f.:t.it~ W; JL-=f"M" a"

    16. tB~Ui.st Cye bie shuo), 1-ttl{l'll:tl'gj~~:::$:~8~


    iJt~Alf(i-AJit#$~0 i:fLiJi, "JEJJ!JiJt" o
    The speaker acknowledges the truth. Also , "JE JJrj i)i" .
    *
    ( 1 ) 1it 3t :t M ~ -i>L : "~ ~ ;fJJ T !at & fJ~ .it~~ if .dr W1 --f , !7f -1k. JJlJ-iJL , JJI!.,ff. ~
    WJ -t 1: :!£ _,_ :t:: * 0 "

    (2) ~:Itt 1'.? ~t ~ 111 1Jt: "1,f. !1ft 1itJJ1!.1f.io/ ~ WJ ' -M-1f- ~ 7 ~ *- 't 113- WJ ' :!£ jJ1)
    1

    1Jt ' if 7 ~+_I_ 1t .§-1~ ~j .it :F ~ z. l1a,} i@i 7 0"

    17. 1mFl:r~~2J~~tm' 1ill~~~:::$:1'?:Ei5""F (bu zai hua xia)


    C~¥A*&)/G~~m$~~&~Mo
    There is nothing difficult about it or it' s very easy.
    (1) ~t:kt*--iJt, X~*.k~~~~ Yl..1~, ~fu1tZ.Jll-1}~W~:F1f-~T 7 o

    ( 2) 1.f. ~ Jt ;te. ~;f.. ~ ildi 7 , JJ1J W; ~ ilL :t:: 1f_ -i~ T 7 a

    36
    (3) iJH3t~*-k.~$ T, ;ffl.Jt--!-1ilt-.. --i--tt, .R~Jt1;f-iJ:..~1~~, ~~;r::,t£.
    i&-T o

    18. DJTi~;g~~8'SJQ]~.$ltJJ\1§ITWJ"i'ii~!iffii (lianguoduan)


    ~=®*~0
    Remove or destroy lock , stock and barrel.
    (1) JJ~1-fQ-f-.ii,/£.~P, ~-~ifA_~jtAiUit-f-, ~-=-~:ffA_~k_~#t~
    ~' ~~~/ffA_f~~~~.~fQ-J-~~JlTo
    ( 2) q: JU.t 1t ~ ft; ~ ' ~~ *- ~-. ' - ~ -F ~ ;f,t "[ VA :i!. ~ ~ T 0

    19. ~A~~, ~~Ja'SB'.t::f.m (shf bu chang) tt8~ffie!:i


    #1ito
    Often.
    ( 1) :1fT,:!!. JL4\Jf;, MM-tl!..~ at /f: 't J.t ~ J!:_t:. ~ 'J 1EJ q: *-, ~~11'1 ~1t -f-"t a
    (2) lir-T-kllt~I.K, ?]fv.Aat/f:'t:J-.tif.!ttt\.*-~JL~J!:_t:.t) Gq:#~*o

    20. 1.1~~#;1±~~1:. (zai q1t6u shang)


    :tE :&i ~ 9: 1¥1 811'* 0

    In a fit of anger.
    ( 1) 1it JJl!. ,/£. iLtf_ ~ * J: , iii ~ i&- -tl!.. 11Jf /f: :i!. --!- , 1f 1it It- it T 3jl ~ 11'1 -1f- ~}J ~}J
    1-lt l't::, 0

    ( 2) a'f ~ ~ 11'1 ~ 1- A. "Y' T - *- , -tf. ~ * J: , .§. ;f~HX. T /f: ~- )(it ~'Jf ~ i&- o

    21. ~ (gai) ~J&~ (haishi) ~


    -m + A + ~~ + A A J!;f!tt•lfmiQ::ffi'!Jt~~/f>f'l13"i&~o
    The situation A has not changed or can not change .
    ( 1) ~ 11'1 ~JJ 1-lt *1- 7 ;k_ T , 1it -tl!.. ~E. -iX.~ -Am , "f ~ .:::. ~ 1it ifu ~ T 1-lt iX. ~ ~ ,
    i~ .#1 :1£ Jt .#7 0
    ( 2) -#. ~ :i:tA~ 7 ~ * , lt&- ~, 1" ~ , :1£ ~ :i:t ~ .W , "f 1j" Wf- :1£ .it Jlf , ~ -f.:f-#.
    f ~:f:. ~JJE To
    ( 3) .;}r ~ # f9i ~ 4t (preventive inoculation) )_t :1f 1t ~ m' flj at 1~ jj" ~ w:1£ Jt
    ~lfio

    22. ~~~~1'~¥§ (de buneng zai) ~~j


    %~iRI + ~~/Ffi~~ + %~iRI liJJtB~iUT:&i~ T c

    37
    In the extreme ; to the highest or lowest degree .
    (1) i~~lU-r-=fAl Tl!.~ ~A., iL~Jl.~ff-~~1!../t.tJ}T o

    ( 2) 4\ 1f1 :frs ~ ~ ~ ~tt ttl!. - #t JL vt 1,&. , rl5l }) 1-1!!. vt ~ 1li. At- 'li_ 1~ ~ ~1!, 1t 'li. T o
    ( 3) l!. JL .if- 4\ 1f1 l!. JL Jf ff- ~ ~1!. 1t 1f- T , a A.* 3t 11~ ~ 11<-:fls ~ ~1!. 1*- iiE a

    - ' ~ ffll' if -e- ~ 1¥-J iii] ift :tA ~ :


    - o 9., --1'--~JL iJL T ~ iJL-i*~~ift *fiX.."YiX.. yg.~)t at~'t
    Jtl**- ~9.-*.L ~~-i*r ~*-~ lifflJJtJ$
    c1) * :tm 1¥1 at 119c * :15 YiP /f 11: ~ 1n ~ _t * ~~ •, * § ~·1n JL -1'
    - - - - - - ' 111!/f IPJ ~ 0

    /j' _ _ _ _ _ _ o

    - - - - - - T?"

    ( 4) Ef1:: 7C ~ 1n -:t; fhf t7Jc T , fhf t7Jc ¥!Eli. A /f ~ , ~ 1fJ _ _______:__ _ fbf T
    ~/j'~lj\IJt/f _t*o

    (5) El B:tt~ 13 JL-T 5tEtlli1mH!>t lEI*, ~1&~1&1~~~, J!~ 1R tfi.&PZ: o 5tEtl


    IEI*§,Jt~~~~ : "~, ~-I¥J~~$&MIEI
    *, f&HJtl~~ To"

    C6) JJtl ~ T fiB VJ 1W Rd~F t7Jc Jg ~ ~ , J! #dilf iii. tit-=+ JL *1i , J! xt 1m*iJt
    ** 0

    (7) :15r**~-m= "1$1fJ~ili*, J!JLI¥1*~-----' 11:1m


    1fJ:ff$8}[;*13G~!"

    (8) fill1fJWJJ~ ili *§, ~1&~1&/f::kP.)C,C..,, EJf VJ _ _ _ _ _ M*~~,


    ~ fJf PZ: 1¥1 tf1.1lf :tt* 0

    c9) ft!!9;Jl l!!Jt ~ ~ jJ 1ill-!Jf , !~ .® xt l!ff 1¥1 m-t~ ~1m ______ iJt 1¥1 ,
    111!/f%j) .tlt'~Jt~ 1¥10
    ( 10) "{ill -m ~ 1lf ~ '*') 1+1 ;gc 0, "1$ JJtl{~ {ill 1¥1 ' 111! t2# - - - - - -
    38
    !It ii 7 fijlf 111!. 7 0

    ( 11) 11!! ~ :tt ~Eft , 111 ~ :tt 71< *, -T 7 ff JL 1f: , PI _ _ _ _ _ _ N 1$


    r 1t~ ~, iU~iE£E1±t£:)(-l#*o

    (12) w;s~ A7'J:*;fLI¥J$1!Y1~ 7 -~, E(.;f~/J\Iill'liE~lE _ _ _ _ __


    !It!~, H~lltt!S~tr 7 o

    =. J¥1 1liUE: WJ 1.-g 5B f.iX 1' iti ~ l! :


    (1) A: ~{$1T~ifS1$~~/F~flt@l~iiS. ~/F~~flti¥JE(.7?
    B: 1$ o ( ;tN..ftj ~JL-!- Y)

    (2) A: ::k~;@!ft!~iU~JL, ~W,7'Jff~~~L~JLr&gjt, PJ~JL1t~111&:ff'


    *.E(.A 7 o

    (3) !!*!!*: 1fl\i~!lt/F~ 3J, ~~*~ ~~, 1$:ff tr~ l!Eii? * lfDIEil:flt
    ~~0

    (4) ~~= ___t@lflt1tti-¥1G!J\rntlW-FP, 11B~iE~:::F~:::FmWf~m 7?


    ~lHJh: 19J~JLPjlilJ, o ( 1~ A iEJt A)

    (5) ~~1* 1: 1$1fJ~~~M r:::t -Tt{~~W,FP, {tl!.{fJ£E1/t11tPmiiJ~1?i~?


    ~~1* 2: _ _ _ _ _ _ o (i~ A iE.it A)

    (6) A: 1$1¥J;/W~~:¥-f7? *~~~7~?


    B: &:ff , 1$~!1t fJliiE _ _ _ _ _ _ , -,~ a>J fBJ 111 &:ff o
    (Atf::F~t-lt A Y)

    (7) A: *001T~ i~il:P§{f]~~*ftl!.*m, 1$!~ *~?


    B: flt1~m*. PJ~frtHEI:::Ffr, flt~~------0

    (8) A: fltl!}j~~~~~1tB, -P}XfJXIJ{tBo


    B: ilt~1$XIJ111&:ff J=!L
    A: _ _ _ _ _ _ o (Pf~Jt)

    39
    B:mw~~~~~-~~~~ore~~~~.~--~?
    A: o (Pf-tk-k)

    (10) A: JiffiJi.~='IW~I~1f-fflTi'-1J'{5F::Mj, ~~?


    B: ~' JJtl;f£T, ~~%-'L.'='IW'tt, &J~¥tl, _____a

    ( 11) A: 1$4i7Cmj'f- OOA:fT561L ~ffl-t*1~;;ffrf T PE:?


    B: ~ I¥J ~ i1§-Jj( f{$J:f~ %1 J!t ~? ~ U, _ _ _ _ _ _ o

    B: ------
    0 ( 1£J11Ji}L)

    40
    Cft3 ~ ~ ::t- M h:. J:tJ A- Jtut -ifi..- ilL Jf9'F .k)
    JWB.i : 1$ ;fl:l{$ ff91PJ ~~ {~ ~ ~ ¥f?
    ~-=~W~IPJ~~.MBaT.~Il9*k~~~~llA·~~*·~~­
    ~~~.W~R*&haNm*.X~~~-~T.~m~~-.~
    iJt~~~o
    JWB.i : ~% ~ # /G § Jt ff91PJ ~ Pf J{.-fftl$ , ~ :i:f , NL Ji~U L8)1; NL i~ULPeL ::f §~ m
    §Bil9*~· @-Raffl-Ra•To
    ~-=~~.&~~&mA~o~~~m.•~A~m~m$~-*F. ~­
    .lfu x~ ~ ~ lt a"J ;J\ ~H% T ;fl:l ~ ~ 10C 1~ o
    JWJ5.i = m~i-!, ~1nJL~P3-Mtx£?J&i$:1f ll±~ o
    ~•=:1fll±Affl~~koff~mm.~m*ll9P3-$~m.~~m®*~~~
    ~*~ 7 ff9. &&,~NriAJ{., ~~~~-m-ff9JJf!J!tl o
    JWJ5.i: ~~:*~t~{g{1$~*FWtP3- To
    ~-:~mW~W#§~g§~mA~~ff9A,~N,/ff-#$, m~ff91PJ
    ~:;ff :k*, ~iJtPE, ,t, ll~iffH!l, iJt,PE, X./ff,gJUJt./F l:l:HJ o

    JWJ~: •m•~•••~?/ff~~Wtm~o
    41
    x!J~: ~Et91PJ~~~lL~JLi;:!~1'-T o
    ~~=~~~~~Et9.~~~~~@~?
    ~~=~~m.*~Et9~¥~M.~~~-~E~m~•~m~.•~~~
    ~~~ft.~M.~*N~~.•u~~~*•' m~-*~~-~
    mti.~-·=*Et9.~§*~-~T. ey~-~-A~Et9.~tilt9
    ~R*~-.~X~M•m-~¥0~~#~~~*~~-~mtiT,
    ~m.m~~.~~~~~*•.~m~~.x~M•mo~~•ft
    ~{;)~ T ~$, ti::bJ;JxiL
    ~~=~~~~J;J•Ef9?~ft~¥~~~~~·n~••· ~~~~~~~
    R T , 1$ ~ 1~ Pz>~ ~ o 1$ ::k M JL..' T , ~ 7B , *ff;Jt ~ 1$ 7t ~ ~ - rm 1L
    ~rm~-ll-~.~#A~~~~~~fi$~0
    ~~=~~~~~.ey~-~~~--o·T-T.~~~Et9~To~,~
    Et91PJ~M1~~ ,~JL~itlf¥ JLP~?
    ~51i: xt, 1~A1Itl~$, ey~{fJfptji.~~~U-~JL*, ~~-xf~-T1~Et9. ~
    -T~Et9, ~;ffjj!M, ~~~ifiJ~.!h!o
    ~~:~ff-*M.~M.~~~--~ey~~~-~T.-~~~--A
    a;r~~l¥REI'9 o
    JWB!t: xt, 1t1~[P]{$~}] o

    ~~:~T. ~x~7Bm~~~~~~~~~~*T.~~~XMT~~­
    ~T?
    ~~=-~··*~T--.~ey·~~--~~Et9*~!
    ~~:~.~~;f¥~, ~T~-M.1t~~J;J~~T~!

    1. ~ ( ch u) : RlUJIJ A- jf£~ m, 5ttt o (get along with somebody)


    2. ~-=B~ (suan) ~: tljPBtr~£¥Et9:£JIHi$Ef9/j\~o (trifles)
    3. -:!Jt (guan): -[P]:tmllt, N~l!Jt5f:o (consistent; all along)
    4. ti::ttJ;J• (weinan): ~~~1!f~l®¥1Jxt1J<~Itx1t~mf1 o (feel embarrassed; feel
    awkward)
    5. 1~~~R: tljPBtr~JL..'*, ~~mmJJE o (give him an inch and he' II take an ell;
    be insatiable)
    6. itlf¥ JL: R!UJIJAiJ~15tM:f13~, ll~*%:k_¥.M o (get along well with others)

    42
    1. ftl:3~i'rcD~o~Qf, ~rt1~U~ (dao jia) s
    Jf~~WJ + flj~ %$~J3tf£'j, ¥JJ TtlJi~o
    Extremely; reach a very high level.
    co ,J, 5R JJJL'J~ A J:~ jtl ~ T , *
    .& k .R ~ ~ $. :J:m , iJ:. -'1\ ::r:: JJ~t
    0

    c2) JL 1'- .Jj: -=r- ::r:: i~ Jt 11~ :::~- = *


    " :!!. ~ ~ Jf.. 1~ 1n ~ JJb ~ T , J-- ~ 1 ~ ju
    ~ T l"
    ( 3) 11!!. .te. ~iJtA.rf-7t ~ jtl ~ T , ::Y:: •rfl 11F JL 1'- A 11Jf ::Y:: ~ *- o
    2. /5R_t~~5L~itA~1'""F* (kan bu xiaqu)
    ::k:i:J: :5t T , itA.tt T IV, J§" /F ~~ ;g Sf: , T- ~~ -¥1} ~~~to ffi ey iJt "PJT T- r ~" ,
    "iJt/Fr ~,, "*/Fr ~, ~0
    One cannot tolerate or stand to see . Also, " lljf /F r ~" , "iJt /F r ~" , "* /F
    r~".
    ( 1 ) 11F 1'- JJ A 11~ i~ 11~ %T , W1 ltl ~ w,t -ir ~ -T o 4~ ,.% 1f1 ;t ::Y:: r -!- T , -ir ~ "*
    .te. if i"--i~ *- T o
    ( 2) ~A 1f1 ~ iJL , JJi!. ,(f.~ 1f- ~A k 7t ~i T , ;ff ~ J'f -k ,(f. :k -1it J:. ilL ~~ 1t.t ~ -
    ~#M*·~~~. #--llA~::Y::r-:ko
    ( 3) ~ 1'- A .x_ 7!1 ~ -T ~ .. "Y' T ~ *- , 1X. ~ "*~itt* 11Jf , -Jos -lop]f ;:r:: r -!- T ,
    M.£Ik. T ~ *-o
    3. fti5t tB1'~ Cye bushi), ~ i5t tB1'~ Cye bushi)
    A~~-'~A~~- ./F.¥#$fim~-o~ey~"A~/F~,B
    tiLT-~" 0
    Feel embarrassed both to do and not to do something. Also, "A ~ /F ~, B tiL
    /F~".
    C1) ~ :::1-1-t!!dn *- ~ 1f.9 1~ - JJ ~ - JJ J~ "Y' , ~ 9G ,ff. ~ .itL , k. ~ ::r:: k , ::r:: k. ~
    ::Y::k, *~§t.Jo
    ( 2) 11Jf jlJ :!!. J] -i;5- ' .:::.. ~ 1'fl ~ ~ + fl ,(f. .:f ~ ~ ' ;t :::1- * J:. ~ ~ ' * ~ ::r:: k ,
    ::r:: *~ ::r:: k 0

    (3) J' ~ ~~ JLjlJ £ -T jL:i!_{f ~ 'f~'-~ , 9"G,(f. f1


    1 P , Hi~::Y:: k_, i!.~::Y:: ko

    4. !lj--fH~l~-.RO~ (zheng yl zhi yon bl yl zhT yon) ~s


    43
    *
    Turn a blind eye to something; pretend not to see .
    ( 1) :W!. ~ :Jt' ~ ~ ~ - .Jtb j::_ :k *R- JJlJ fl} -k A fl} ~ !if :W!. _x._ ii~ ,t, Z. ;j:f ~ ? X :kT lit
    -X UR.Pij- X UR.a
    ( 2) ~ Z. ~ ~ ~ f fiJ * 1* ~ 'f tlt T 11~? Jf:. T , lit X UR. 17fl X HR. 11e, c
    (3) tttxf 91-/~~ fiJ *- foJ Jtllt- X NR.I7f1- X HR., X 'f1;tt.-Jff "ffl D fiJ * o

    5. ~~iR,foEa*~~1t~~~J (meiyou shenme dabuliao) ffiJ


    /f-~{f0.,£~1¥J$o
    Not so important.
    ( 1) *- ~.33L : "~it Jt-!- T ~ 4- 11~? 5~ 1t Z. *- ~ T fiJ , -Pt ~ -~it :fr T o"
    C2) "i-f-111 JJ 1t z. .tr * ?" 'J, .£ i3L : "~ * ~ 1t z. *- ~ T fiJ *,
    it Jt JJ T -

    6. ~~) Li}t~I::IJO (shuo bu chO k6u)


    T-~ ~ ~~ iJUB * o

    Feel embarrassed to say.


    (1) "~+" ~~-1'-~it{f_~Pt.J!L, lif;l:W!.~-*flli=f-f-, ~-jJL~t!:: 0~0
    C2) 1f-:9r A mHu , "~ 1t 1*, ~-=- -t- ~ttt,t. z. ~iJt~ t1:: o 0

    7. 0§1111WH~:ti~~till3if (z6nmenlia shl shei gE"m shei ya)


    ~,f!Sl,~**T--JN:' **1/i:*~ 0

    This sentence means two persons have intimate relations .


    ( 1) :W!.Jt~iJL: "~£. fiJ .fit# :j; ~ ~Jt~ -3f--3f--%-%1tk tl:: ~ fiJ' ~ ?'4 ~ ~ 1J'
    ~ 1± "il 1n 1~ iii *R- iii T1Jf ? 1* _g. :stk. tt z. , ~ 1~ '* o"

    (2) ~ i>'L)t!J~-11 Jk:4~V~? Jf-l£HJtl£~i~-1f :5{: ~, ~'il 111 Jt iii*R iii!


    c3) 1* 1n 1~ Jt iii*R-iii T1Jf, 1* J:.1-tt tJ~ Jt.., 1-tt J:.1* ~ ;t.., ~ ; t - # "~?

    8. ft8'SJIQJ~im$~J1~) L::t1.1B1' Ctai nage) j


    "11~ 1--" ~ ffl * 1~ ~ T- if: J~J~iJi a~ (T- i:;:~ 1¥1 ) %$ iiiT ift a
    "11~ 1'-" here is used to replace a descriptive word or phrase with negative implica-
    tions that the speaker does not want to say directly.
    ( 1) §f; - *- Jt di1 it *R.A.. ~ iJiA~ a~ *,
    Jt ~ Jt :k. 1J~ -t- T ?
    (2) "~ ff-5~.1fi3Lttt1n~:f-f-itJt~ iL~," 1-tt~#-iJt, "~ 1±1~-r m~# o
    44
    ~ *tl k A j)t if; ,& ;ff ,?¥, ~ 1'- · ·· ··· "
    (3) ~.:frfl.{F .J1J -k-t~, Pf ~:!!_~ 1'- k .J1J A-;!-~- 1'--k-4.9! ~ ~ ;f!l&~ ~;t- ~1-f­
    ;ff,t¥, ~1'-o

    9. ~~~~ft~mE! Ctao yoobao)


    {'ff&, :ftf&o
    Pay out of one' s ovm pocket.
    ( 1) -$- $ 1-l!!. 1n j)t Pf v~ ~ 1~ ~ ' Pf Pt ~ #) 4?k.1~ ileA-¥- mc.. .#!} JJl. ~ T 0
    (2) "iff~11l *~ il:.~1n mC...#!})Jl.~ ~-lf-ili, )~ ~>jfj)tli_ !" •J'#~ vrvr J1l!.j)to
    10.· uHt Cshei rang) fttt®TOJe Cne)
    ~#-~~~~~M~-~~~.~~~m*M.&~~o
    This pattern means this is a fact, so one has no choice .
    (1) ;(f.~£. Y:-tij:-tf~. ~~~~~rt:ot~. 5~;{f~j)tif;fli.JJ1l!.::lf' i'fiil:.~
    •J' ~!
    (2) l!_••fJ:-~$iJ 1}A, i'fiiJ:.~)~;.f,..-.~, _g~:ey 1 ],-})Lo

    (3) ".Jt~, ;t-A~TJi96J~)~1t~, f'fijJ:~~flk.JL-f-~!" 1 J'~~$i>Lo

    11. ~-*=~ (yT ldi er qu) ffiJ, rxaill/f'~Jj\j


    ~Wf :tm , 'It 'f~Ut!! o
    Gradually.
    c1) ~ *,x_
    i~af]-M-M~o
    ;t ~J<. , 7ff at 1~ * g <; ;t :Wr. , iff :Wr. ~ -tli , - *..::.. * ;f;t ar JG w~
    (2) v~ ~, iJijA~flt-Jr-i?l-k M ~, 1~~.;!- JL:i±, Pf ~~A~ ;t ~ J:.%, ;f,t
    ~ %;t ~ J:.A ~, .& ~~ -@--:1!., - *..::..-;!- #J , % i/G ~-;!- T 1~ •(; o

    12. CH1lli~I:R)§f~A (meishlren) 1DJBSJ


    m¥*$N~**·~~~¥$~~.-·#-~~Ao#~"m&$A
    M~" o
    A person who is not affected or influenced by something . Often' "If_~ m$A 1W. ~" .
    ( 1) l!1 7V 1-ll!. #J :fll •(; , ~ $J -#! ~ T - *-- 1£ 4?k. , 1-l!!. •(; £ 1tl * ~ , Pf *-- Ui1 ~ ~ *tl
    ~~·A1,;J,fli.J 0

    (2) ~~jyt: "!lJJ _k;WL.~~i~ T, 1-i .t- ~ !itli~ .A1tJ. #J ~*-*-~'fr?"


    ( 3) ~ llB T ~ -T *- t/G -P} -ll:..ll8 ~ #J T , !if 1-l!!. ll8 Jt. Ji. -T *- , }ttt_ 5~ :fA 1~ #J o

    45
    13. J.Z$~-ttftffi (shang) ~j~~ (naojin)
    2t~, ~:J¥o
    Troublesome ; bothersome .
    (1) fflHi: Jt 7 &-T- ~ .. , 1t/!.1fH~ 5l}{] ~-T- J:. 1W JL ~ ~ .. 1% 3t JJ~ ~To
    c2) ;t Jt ~ ~ x_ ;(£ }{] 1-t!!. r ~ JtJJ ~ ~ * 1% JJ~ ~ , 1ik. I\; £ ~R- ;r;;. :1tt ~ 0

    14. 11.JUffitt~~~rc51tlYI'Dff.J~fiilHOO: ( y1ng dTngzi pengpeng)


    iiimtr-T flt1E!~, ~iU~!HJT o
    Be refused or rebuffed .
    ( 1) ;t- ~ ~ ~~R-~ ~, 'f 1.f.-* Jt f.iJ11t1%4~, »Fit ~-*;;3E4T-T- o
    ( 2) 1-t!!. ~ , 1-t!!. -*R- ;t- £ Jt %.if- ~ JJJL~- 7 , ~ £ ;r;;. ~ ;r;;. $- .& ~ , 'f ~X.~ fU ;;it 7
    +-tk 4T -r ' !!. il: 1-11!. :Jtf JL ~I\; ]£$;f. ;ffi ·t:k: 0

    15. 11.JU1S1~Dz3~ Cchi kut6u)


    :~~~;~m:a:, ~~0
    Suffer; go through hardship.
    ( 1) *
    »F at 1~ , 5t ;q 7 - ~A~ 5.. ~ , ft Z. ~ :tF -T l± , vt 7 ;r;;. _:Y·-'* :1;- o
    ( 2) 1-t!!. M.. -T % ~ ;f/L. 3t -11{2 ~ ~-!- (boxing) , t 7 4ft ;f. ~t ~ -'it :1;- , ~ -f ~ 7 4-
    17

    ~~ AJ}J o

    16. ttH!lft~1m~J.Z::6-rm~, ~ffil- CyT er zai, zai er san) ttBtt~1ill


    -rxx -rx, 1~$rx C:tl1!1iiX*$) o
    Again and again ; repeatedly.
    ( 1) ~!!. Z. - tfi7 -1} , -1} tfi7 ~ Mr.IJi 1.f. , 1;f- .1& Z. ES.;fi'J 1t ~ ~ 1'-&-?
    ( 2) 11l!. - tfi7 *' * tfi7 ~ J:1!!. il: -t\ * -t~ 11F + * 't ~ jf jf ' il: 1-11!. " ~ ~ ;f1]o + _:[_ 1t '
    -t\$iX.$-.EL 0

    17. JX~ctJAtE!BU!l_bg§)!'S]-)!!~iT.J:I:.W (meiy6u sh1chang)


    ~~~Jf!!, ~fjt:J'Jk~o
    Not be well received or welcomed.
    ( 1) "-t\;t 17 ~ 11'1 ~Jt iti~itit-~1-\:..$. ~ 4t ~ 17 ~o"
    "1-'fl-7 [1~ ~1-\:.. VR 7\:At $.;{£ t r~lik rr J:h o" •J' '€1iJt. Jt # !{ k_ 7 o
    ,

    *
    ( 2) 11F ;tl:. JJ A$* 3tk i$- j6 tfi7 ~ ~ :1;- }j~ ~ ~ -r ' fojf Y:A it- ;f. -* *- Jf.t 1'1}] 7 ' ~
    ;f.1;f. ;(£ JJ A 11F Jf. 'f 5k ~ 1t Z. rr J:h o

    46
    18. ft~:J::ll~l'~* (Ia bu xia lion lai)
    1ift f'~ Tiff ::F-M ~ -~' f~;!Jt $ 0

    Fear of hwting somebody' s feelings by doing something, or embarrassed to do some-


    thing.
    (1) $..~i!:i~Af1~/f:k-ltt, iif~.it$..~~!lrP~JL-f-, J'Jf~:A~A;t/f:r~*;fe
    i@.11!!. 0
    (2) ~1t -.ii:~1n ·~ £1R/f: 1~dk:, iif 1-~t.it$..1n ~ ~4~ JS- 7 , ;t. z. ~.t.;t;r: r
    ~*~tz~iJt.o

    19. ft11'J1lml$t~~U-:I:~JL (shu6 bu dao yfkuair) ~


    ;f§ 1[ z fa] & :fl ~i)t ' & :fl :;!\: IPJ i! ~ 0

    Cannot get along with somebody.


    c1) .{£ 7r Tfr ~ 5!t 1t z. M ~ , .{£ ~ .£ ~ ;r: -t 51- ·r:R: * = x. -tt ~ $.. ttt.4'- iJL ;r: j~ -
    3:k: JL o
    (2) ~>tt$.. iJL: "~11'1 !iHX..it * JL~, hl'J'-~**-· iif ~{fhJi./f:.fU -;l;k:JL !"

    20. ~~lffilfflm Cnao yljian)


    tit~Tle o
    Be on bad terms because of difference of opinions .
    (1) 1-lt{ll{~il_'f;/a-,*.JL'J'.Iiffl~Jt, iif:i.:t/f: 7 ~3(_"ffJG-Jtt7 o

    (2) ~~:Z.J'a] ~!tif/f: ffi~Jt~, *-4Jt:Jt~7-l:JJ?.-Jtt, ~;f:f'4~fjvfoJ~~~·tt~ o

    21. {1JU2:1'l®~-T (paotongzi) QJ1~2!il:i?!xJ~~5


    ·~ ~ 1~1L :fl1t 0- 1JZ.1t 0- ag A o
    A person who shoots his mouth off, says everything that' s on his mind .
    ( 1) ~.it$..11'1 ~ JL if~ ~ j'g f;4 -f- , ;iJ ;J;t{-ft .W 7 /f: jt· A o

    (2) fl}J *._ Jf~~ af{~, {;f- }Jlj 5LJ!Llj'g f;4 -f-{tJ. ~, ~-Jtt 7 ..jfj-iJto

    22. fJU~~~i?.Jt Cdongbudong jiu) !~13Lt\§ffr~I~~-:f-*.§_ffil


    i;l];if'i;b ( 8;/t) •• • •• • 1~$$) ~t~1lt tit~ 0

    Easily; frequently.
    ( 1) _f.. *
    il. Jl?_ -i)Q ;r: -i)Q "ffJG ~ ~ ~ , $..11'1 ~ {Ll ;r: 5(~ ~ 0

    ( 2) 111!. ~ ~ ~~ Jl. .{£ 1R ;1ft :Jf.i( , -iY1 ;r: -iY1 "ffJG ~ i , ;r: ~E:. J:. ~1 o

    47
    23. !BUZill/GZillWL!@A~!IJJ¥7-*13. (lion hong b6zi cO) ffiJ
    A ~t: 1it ~ 't6Ht9 ~ -=f o
    Flushed in anger.
    ( 1) 11b ;t 1R ' JL -t- A 59 *-j,fi *At1R ~ ~ 1-¥- JJft- ~J:. JJt -r- :fll ~ ' jjl] A :i2E )l}, 59 111!-111
    _,(f.~-* o/b 0
    ( 2) 59 T :!!_ ;f*~ , ~ ~-IL1,5 _,(f. F.7t -=f .JL JJft- tr. J1t -=f tH. J.t *tl 1~ ~- T 4- R. o

    24. ~/G~:Xm.i (tong) j{f~~7- (16uzi) j


    ~®Jff;J~L~1~T~¥o
    Make a blunder; get into trouble .
    ( 1) A1f1 :M_ ·fJc ~ ~ A*-:1!. T ~ F7t , ;;t Jil, §I t:.. ~ T !!. Z- -t- k 4 -=f , ~ -t- .J~ -=f
    Vf~ To
    (2) {~'J' at1~-=lf 'f~ 'i..' if_j-~~~~~~4-r-' ~if_j-~~~~~0

    25. fillq~~i'~fif:::f'IIZ (ruan ylng bu chT) 8SJ~1Y<


    ~VmA~~~,ffl~~~~-~&~~B~~~o
    Both hard and soft tactics are useless , so one cannot change someone ' s stance or
    opinions.
    (1) !JFJL-1'-A·tkAB.:i!.-i-, 11!!-1f1i>L T- k.Y[i.M-~, ~~ T- k.}[i. 11Jf~•~,
    ~~*~~~~. ~~~~111!-m:i!.-i-o
    (2) ~~# 0-*~-i~:i± T, ~1~~~~~ 11t, tJG~~ M ~ o

    - ' 1* ~ l' ifti ;lJrt ~ a-9 WJ i~ :


    en fmflHI:I'Iirt±~:!E*, ~~re~~~7f~a"J¥·1f~wft~ft~, ft~ft~~JLx
    ~*~•om~x~~~~-w.~~~*T-~m~w~~-0~~
    ~1Jf~?~M~~§.M~M-~o~~~7.~~~~~$:.ft~
    ~M~~~~~~.-~1fF·o~~.~ft-&$A~~*T~~~
    ~r:p 0

    (2) t£5C-BJ:;ttt!t§ ~j;J~.® 13 -=f, ~+?t~~, f}i;1I1 IDJtz:1fJ*mo §*, ~


    mrmJ~~1GJii1£j;!~JL:ff~~~tl3~, &~~&t:X§J ~, m-r £Jttf,~­
    *~~~*~Axmx~.:ffJLt:X~•~~~-t£~~~.m~x~
    ~T~*MA~:JE.~V~~~.fi~IDJtz:•o
    48
    (3) =:!!fti~Jtfif!.~$/F*, *T~JE~:ff$, :§9G['6Jfif!.: "ft~$? ~PB!"
    .lr.{J(tB$'/f-iJt, "8)1;~~ ,1;~($ JLOH? Dt! r1t1t~ ::k::f T 1¥1! 1-T T,
    ~ ~ ~ -T @I* , ~ Ji!LHif!. iJt iJt ! " $'If :§9GJJ:1J, JJJt T o

    =, mJ=rrFoo~~I¥Jirui~:ll~:
    ~M- ~-~ ~k~~- -*~~ ~~~~ -~~.~~~
    ~£~ ~~~0 ·-~~ffl-~~ ~** ~+ ~~~
    ( 1) fif!. ff1 1~ :&: :IF$ ,~, ~ :fE ~ 1- a-t IBJ ~ :1! ~ $ , 8)1; iA iJ{
    T.-~®*~~Jt.~~tt~~~:IFA~o

    c2) __t ~ ~ ** ~ m1~ yg if( $t ~ - 14 ~ :tE •, ~ s-~t JE yg ~ •


    - - - - - - ~0

    (4) ~1- A 'ffl''ffl'Jg#OO~-t-ij!tffi-=p § 4¥r1~------' !iJ§fttm#


    /F~o

    Cs) ~A~: ":¥~AI¥11:ns :53 'm!R~n~fn~A::f-W, fmfn ~ ~Wf$ilU

    (6) fJ[:fE::f~~{5r1:jft~~, ¥f*r~15r1:t?m~~Wt? T, ¥U1J~ at Amttff<


    ______ To
    (7) 7f ~if~* :IF:*~-*~ ft 0- II; ' !if~~£ Jll! _ _ _ _ _ _ it!!. it~-* '
    ~mmt::f~·}i!UlW$ To

    C8) mJ ;tz 1¥1 a-t fwL :9: J11L& m~ Wif ~:k , PI ;J\ I:*~ -* Jf~ ilJ , 7g :1! $ , :9: IDL&
    -~ T.-1-SAAU~~~flij!~o

    ______o

    ( 11) __t t'X ftl?J ftl?J fJ! 1$ 4: 1~ :&: ,~ :itt T ~ ~ , 1$ 8)1; ~ ~ ,~ JL PEL ilU -W
    _ _ _ _ _ _ To

    ( 12) {if!. ~ ::k ~ ;f&, :ff 1¥1 ~ ~, R~ 1m ili -* m JL ~ ffl n~ {f1 § B


    49
    ______o

    =., 3EJ.OCl'Wa9x'f~:
    (1) A: ~5-LEA-ffi~~~::k::k!Y-J, If'F_tif!,jy!::fffi~JJIY-Jo
    B: J!PifnJ, ~:i:i, fm , l{.}_tAst~T o (-:Sb~-:Sb)

    (2) A: 11~~~~------' ~:lf![:J;Jf~flPJ~~o (-:Sb~-:Sb)


    B: ~if!,~lf:Xj(~~IY-J~~ o

    (4) A:~~~. 1mffJ~£\I1W~1fJT~?


    B: ll~, o (J3E#-f")

    (5) A: ~-~JJI!-}E~~IPJJl!Y-J, ______o (J3Eif-f")


    B:~,~~~~.~~~~~~~~h~?

    B: _ _ _ _ _ _ o 0~1t~k~T~)

    ( 7) ~!?J ~!?J : *
    1$ Jl\! f* m ~ fi~ ~ T£ liL*lr n~ , 1$-* 3'34 ~ 5-LE 1m 11'1 W1f9IJ x . o
    1313: o (-it~ lt]- #UL)

    (8) A: {$~, ~~j!~{$~J#:J;Ji, ~~JL,,JEl{.J!··· ···

    (9) A: A~~-JJ\;J!~J!jy!mEIY-J?
    B: flJ~, ______o (Altl~)

    C10) YJJYJJ: 1J!::k!Y-J:M~~~ ~ i~i!~~&tL&MrnJ, ~1~:t!t:t!ti~i~-tttBo


    1313: • T, o ( llt- JUttl'fl- .R fttl)

    c1n A: 1J~.®A:i::tt%T, ~~tJ~re~JL~~1t¥IH$~_t~? 1$-TO!?J~ff~


    ¥1Jl~?
    B: 11~, _ _ _ _ _ _ o Ofi iJ:;J\ .. · · ••)
    (12) A: 1m1nm~J!;J\~~T, ______ o
    (iJL -11!.. ~ ;t_ ' ~ -j}i. -11!.. ;:r:: ;t_ )
    B = m~~~Y-JA3'T5tm1$1~~ .r2:JLjfij Jr.' 0

    50
    ( .(i. tl:: ;ifll ~t .$. J:. )
    mm:ft~~m~M*,fi~aoili$T,AOO~m~=*~•oo, *~*
    M~-ft, ft7i-Pi1Hf1~M:JE fF, liHJHJE-,~JL:@, PJ~:lf$o f~~~?
    ~~:B,mW~b~,&~~-~MM,~,-Rmft~OO-~~?
    :PHJL: ~Hif~iJt, ft00Yp%PY "ns:E-1!!00", ~~tJ?:¥)t:ffft~Ri-ROO:I:!!?.~, 1~1i.t
    ;t,-.MT, {5iHIE!ftijr~r-TmOO$JLo
    ~~:m~M-Ta~,~=~~~-~-00~~-~
    mm:PI~.-*~~~•~•. ~~~~*•~••~.-~~re***
    *~*OOmff~~~~~~?~~~~~n~L.m~~~~?
    ~~: ~p~' fJ\I.~~$i·~~~ ~ 0
    PJm: -Tft1n~1700, **®!f!.~~~iJt, JI~iEI~JL', 1~7i-fl.~oom~.
    $$A$a~.:ii:ff~~=mnmm,•llA*~o
    ~~: :ltJ?:005t1m-1L~~**~r5JJJ!L
    mm: ~-~l#J~l#Jff"Jt:tf$, :ff oo M1'*~ ~~Jtfioo:tf$, m~~~~~11~~
    ;E, ~~~~~~•ttfi*,if•:tf~.~~~~W•o
    ~~::ffooao•a~-••r.7i-*m:ffw•~•~fio
    PJm:~~o•••~m~.~@ft~$~~~-~~.w~•••~~•
    -~~~-~1-l!!iJII Tft-IJ!Y!o PJ A*~~~F.~tE1l~JL1~, ~, ft1f1J3:$~
    ili1El$.¥)(1J-.f!, -Jii~*-~, -Jil~W-, ~~Ji1JL./Gilt1~$, ~,
    51
    it# 11!9~~£A, llffl/f>M<2f>:-TW1':3'o Yo
    *t:: ff~ifi./f>~~ p~ 0
    ~m:~~.~ill~*•~•~tr~mom~~m-:;;r-~.Wi:~A~~~•
    mm**n.~~m~~~~~.~~~m•~•m.fiM~m:;;r-~,
    ~tlf $ ~i!~ 1fJ ~tli $~-it /f> ili * 0

    *t:: ~~1$1n•*'JJIJfl11iJl, LIJmiflf:!t9llm~~~, ~~~t~JJIJ~~o


    ~m=~~~m9llmft~~.~:;;r-~•~•~?-•®*Wl:~YmY,~/f>.
    ~*-~A*$11!, :i~A,·lE~~m~~mo /f>tt~•*-tii.1~~A. ~~
    A**t::;;r-•••· ~•a•~~w.ma~~~o
    * t: : f@.Hf ili ti it~ A~~ fll1 ll.ilE ~ P(g ?
    RJm: PI/f>o ~JX!.i~M~A~7*7, ~~~. ifi.~~~JL~o
    *t:: ~ff-Tf@.Hf$~~~ Yo
    ~m: ;J\;\1¥7 o ~/f>~1;#;~-T ~*· -=¥~JL1i, ~lf.~:::PY o
    i!iJt ~tt,
    ~-.-~~*···~*~N*~·~tt*Ntt*, ~--·~/f>Y
    ~y' /f>3f$X.fli1:::P1t~~?
    *t:: l!)tn£3, ;J\;L•! PPJ, rTF~-::!:t~fF!
    ~ m: ;0)( L• , 11~ 8'9 tt *]]j)IJJl P)]l
    J o

    *t:: ~~;J\;L•,~JL~! /f>·h3-7J, mt'tBJJ-~o

    1. _;ff: m:ltffi~-:ff~o
    2. jfg 1f!. frf ~ : jfg l~ 1f!. , !l~lH~ lJt , * ~ JdiHiiJ ~ o (work from dawn to dusk)
    3. i)ll (xun): FlJJtlfrtltiifo (reprimand)
    4. 1~~ (zul}: i_tJJIJA/f>~~~i_tjJij)d~o (offend)
    5. *-T : m 1~ $ ~ 119: iiEo (driver' s license)
    6. tO (kou): (ff~) 1EA~-*WM1±~Pio (detain)
    7./f>m-:n.wr:m:n-:mwr.•m~•~*#**· ~•mm•~~•*o

    1. A~f~~ ~9~ ~ err son ceng wai son ceng) a~


    1~~~1~~ FzL

    52
    Completely surround; wrapped or bundled up with clothing.
    c1) ~ x 4- $
    -r J:. ff.J !f
    ff.J ~ o i<JtA_1n x-=- _g. >'r-=- _g.~~ :t , ffi Til ff.J A_{fl;.f.. ;;t ::f. YL
    0
    *
    ( 2) A ~ ~ - *'- , ~ !:!.. 11l ;}e. ;)}. /A---1: ~ 1-'f X 3.. ffi. >'r 3.. Jk ff.J a

    ( 3) ~ -1tJi -1tJi ~t ~ i>t : " JJiL{f. it 5-t ~ Z. it , * n. ~ -f- Jt 1-'f X


    1] 3.. Jk >'r 3.. Jk ff.J o"

    2. f@I~~?)]' (kanzhe ban) DfS


    ;f!HiiHI N. § C. IR:5E o
    Decide something by oneself given the situation.
    ( 1) ~ 14- -. ;$t 3t n-1.t-1f1 T ' 1;f-1f1 ;;t :t ;)}. jfe. ' ~g. " $ k. •ti: ;f}L " $ k. ·)'i: , *Lt
    1

    IJ J.1t 0

    ( 2) *- :fL 4-h ff.J -.=1;f- ;;t :t ;)}. ~'e. , 1t $ j.· 4~ ~ 3G ?J[ iW , ;; -* ft!!. _g_ ){x_ ;f,t 1-t o
    (3) P-iE*-it,ft ~i.L{f.:i!.JL T , -!-itft::f.-!-, 1,7- ;;t ~;)}. o

    3. 1!31~:ti:S**I35~*8~I1IJ5f~ Cxuehanqian) %1:Hz~__t


    rt.Pifu$lll~19J~*B9~o
    Money earned by hard toil.
    c1) ~-!- * ~ flf ~ ff.J at 1@f , Y:. -tt ;te. ft!!.1n ± ~ ff.J 4~ ~ n- r ~ , ~ <if Jt 11!!.1n ff.J
    .k~4~o/J~!
    ( 2) IJ T >¥.t JL -T ff.J 1p-, 11!!.1f1 ::f.15l1t .7G T JL-!- lf- ~-it r ff.J .k ~ 4~, it 1t T ilk
    $~0

    4. JZ~~~%1:EJJVJl: (zai daoren shang)


    rr. Pifu :& fi Jf __ w
    :& ~~ 2t f'F m89 Jtl!. :1r o
    The edge of a knife , where it is needed most .
    (1 ) * *,
    I'm 1n ff.J ~::f. $ , ?1f vA ::f.i.t ff.J t ~ - it. ::f. n5 -*;te.:!!. ;tb ~:ft;(f. JJ wJ:. 0

    c2) fJ~ J!l:. ::f. ~-* ff.J -.= <if yJ. ::f. if 't , ~ 1n ~ ;te. n ;. m .-tf- JJ w J:. o

    5. UIS~1'1> =:teJJ Cerbadao) Ql f.Jl,


    tt~~~,*~~~~tt~~~~B9Ao
    A person who has only a superficial knowledge of a subject .
    c1) ffil ffil JL ~ ~ ~ r JL-+ , 1!!- ~ Jt 5-t :!& :it {- n ff.J ~ tt , r1f VA ;; ~g. jf:. Jt +-=-
    ;te. JJ 0

    ( 2) ;;t 1;f- t3<. ~ ff.J _::. ;Je.. JJ J.at 9iJ1 , ffiJi %- ~ ~ ;il! j.· T o
    (3) ;f..~ t,~;; Jt5.t;ff? i}, <if:i!..f-.:::..{e.JJ 9iJ1~-11}, :!!.III ~~5-t:ff To

    53
    6. ltm8~~A-~~1'~~Xl (loodancm) il=TI~
    ~ ~ Ef<J • XIE ~ ff tk: Ef<J IPJ ;I~~L
    Long-standing, complex and difficult problem.
    ( 1) )tf.J#J A P ~ , ~ ~ J!. .1. ~ , - _R .:~A~. 1Jl :1!. JL ~ :t- :k. ~ft f.?) fo! o
    ( 2) :1!. Jt ~ 1Jl /~ ~ fFJ - +:t- :k. * f.7J fo! ' ~ ~ fljlf l)t <if ;y;: Jt $:- ,; ~ * 0

    7. D§ill~~Df~:~t~ Cylngzhe t6up0 ~lF.IUn


    ::;f-~jl{B ~&11\~, ~51!L
    Force oneself to do something against one' s will.
    (1) :JJ 1-t~..:r..ft:, ~;r;.t_:ft*lt.-k-t~*~' JJJL&.~ii-i-~ ~ '*· .f-~1n
    "•ti: 0

    ( 2) lfJf $ij :1!. + ~J!L~ , :kt .~1ft ;r;: 1i- 1 , <if ,(f. :1!. JL:kt - + ffi- ~ -lk.. 5~ ;ff , .R 1i- N.t
    :t * Jt_ *-t~ WJ ~
    * * *' * *
    0

    ( 3 ) ~ ~ :i!t :X_ 11~ ~ )~ :!tt <if X.. ;y;: ~~ ;y;: *' .R :!tt ;r;.t_ :t Jt_ *-:itt :X_ ~
    Jj_ -1-0

    8. ~ffiJI§.O~B5LI$C-~5*5 ( yl guo zhou) j


    %~t~ISLEJ<J~-To
    All in a muddle ; a complete mess .
    (1) .i.#A~-i&-:i£i~i3L?t, ~Jh t:..~{LA-~~ 1 a

    ( 2) l& l& .lt ;;t 3l. ~'t -$- 3lt- 1 , iiji at -$- jJj J:. ~ -$- ~ A 11l -tif A 1 - ~ ~ o

    9. _tiQlft19.$19~=1'~:@1.J (bu shl dlfang)


    fffrn ::;r- x>t~ T--it~ o
    Not in the right place; this is not the proper place.
    ( 1) :1!. + ~jt i(_ji_ 1i- -1t- ;y;: J(_J,t ~ ' tB *-:itt* 4t )Jl]
    ( 2) ~ J J' i3L ;y;: ·Iii JfJ 1!.1:a- fFJ ~ -w- ' <if @G 'ffJ :1!. J!_b i~
    Nf.
    -w-
    0

    JfJ 1i- ;y;: Jt J;t ~ 0

    ( 3 ) :i!. G) W ;f.. :t 1f- 5~ ;ff 4tf , <if 1* iJL fFJ ;f: Jt :it ~ , fojf YA il. A *- ;f: ~ -r- o

    10. ~~1'~~-~=1'~-~~=1'~~ (bfzibu shl bfzi lion bu sh1 lion) Jt:!l~JIIJ'ft


    -WI
    q~::;r-!Wi~. ML~1~XfE;g o
    Have an angry expression.
    ( 1 ) ~ - iJL~ -i;- lfJt -Jt , ~ iJG Jf- -1- ;f: ~ Jl- -1- ,®- ;f: ~ ,®- ~ , YA k- ~ iJG ;f: lfJt 1 c

    (2) ~~·tfl;tt.:ft~*~*-· ~1n-3lt-, 4-t-;f!GJf.--t-;r;:~Jt.--t-, ,®-;r;:~,®-~,


    54
    11. ~~m9~/f'~A (II wai bu shl ren)
    ~~1f~~, 1){~1f~*' 1H:lSfo
    Offend and be blamed by two sides; be caught in the middle .
    ( 1) 1-1!!. ~ ~ ~ ;E. ::f: ~ ;ff .l1j· ' ftl!- .#f- ~ *tt ~ ~ j)t * u- ' *tt ~ -r- jJL * u- ' "[ '*
    '*::f:~4~~u-a~n.~~~~.~-r-~~~.~ftl!-.::E.~::f:~Ao
    ( 2) ~ .l.. ~ ::f: ~ 1-¥- -W. ~ 1:!. , 5l ::f: }.it ~ 1f- .:r.. A flF JL ~1.~ A , ftl!- '.t 1-¥- :!!_ 1-- .:r.. 11=
    il: ftl!- ;E. >'r ::f: ~A 0

    12. :EffiT:E~Jm.-1":\5-, WC~Ai~Jillli<~ (no) l±lffi*Tf7J (kaidao)


    *¥A~¥**~-~~*~*1H:W,~Ho
    Punish somebody first as a warning to others; make an example of someone or some-
    thing.
    ( 1) :}J:t i-t~ (!J.; A, ±~ -t" ~ aJ.; :!!_J;b ,j, iJL jf- JJ , iX.:!!- J;b ,j, iX. (!J.; fl .$:. ~ Jt ± ::f:
    "[ ~~ 41±- aJ.; 0

    (2) ,J,.l..-4'-*._i&.ffiU~Tf;:.;;tJll..T, Tf;:.1f-±T:k.~J:...~L-t¥t-FFT:W!., if.~


    {o:W!, aJ.; ~% 0 :k. ~ ~ aA ~ ' r * :!!_ ~ -t- lj' .l.. jf- JJ ' VA ;g- iii~~ i&. ffiU '
    R"lGJttt'J' .l..- # 0

    13. ~~#;{1']9TI~1t~OH, ill=i'~J.W.~JPl~ (xian mai xian mai)


    ~~~~~~~-~~~W*,*•W*o
    (Sell something as soon as it is bought) means to talk about something one just heard
    or read and does not fully understand.
    c1) aJJ *-- Jll.. li'dt. RJG *tt :W!-1Jit -t ~ 4:- , ~ 1~ - *- 4£ ~ ~ ~ ~ , m~ m~ ~ *-
    1-¥-JLo
    (2) 1~ )}1]1f_ :!!- JL JJi!. ~ JJi1 ~ T , 1~ iJL aJ.; ~ 1±-1~ ~~ flF JL rotl 17Jf:ii a

    14. ~~~\~~~ (yao duo) :kV:F~~ (you duo) *II!


    •S+BW~+~S+BW~ *~-~mao
    Very; extremely.
    ( 1) 1-1!!. 1!L:g_ ~k_ 17~ ~ , "[ 1-1!!. 11~ 1-f ~ ~ '* Jf '* Jf ,
    17 ;ff ~ 17 fojf Y::.t ftl!- - jf- M; 11~ ~ $..11'1
    Q",t #-..If- ~ 0
    (2)1~~~. 1±-.Rit, -1--*A•*-=-1--1iZ-f-, :t£1-¥-'*"~J:..~, flFEI-f-~
    55
    ~ *-/ff Y ~f!o
    ( 3) ~ ~ ;Jf il: ~ -i- f.iJ :ktl!-fk.' ~ ~ •\.;% ~ ~ y ~lj ;}B.;ff y ~lj ;}B. 0

    15. !5Utt1'E3?± (zhao bu zlzai)


    § B3'~Jffm, f~~·flru'~o
    Look for trouble ; suffer from one' s own action .
    ( 1) :t- .£ ~ ~ JL iE 4.. 9.. VJt. , 1;f. ~ at 1~ -i- JtUtt iK. ~ 14=- • , 1-tt it ~ ~ .{eA;f. k ~
    -M~.~~~~-i-ft~~~,:{f*~·~~*~~o
    ( 2) .t: %" giflft ~ $ ~x. 11Jf ~ ~ 4..111 {r *,
    ~ A , 1;f. ~ 1-tt Ui1 ~~ JiLl + }ff .tr * , JJ~
    ~~.t~~ ~ ~111!;?

    Very; a¥.i'ully; highly. The adjectives are monosyllabic, such as "-}c" , " -E:r "
    fRl '
    " J3::t. "
    _9:1.. '
    " .,.m " " ..::tr.
    i/IC ' ~
    "
    '
    " .-17 "
    257 •

    ( 1) it-1-m :iZL ~ !J~.f- Ji 5iJ i* T-i-T , J£M.~~;ff A r -i-~ o/t. o

    #.
    (2) )1:.( 1t, #;#..Y.ll!f )t, Ji x~* ~ ~, ~T-i-T, Ji5" *-#**-~*-~ •J~, £
    :!ZL*~##J~~~~ To
    (3) ~Jt..-1-Jf-~i!_.ftl ~1!1-t:. ~ T-i-T , ?,if )1:.( ~ ~~ *-iJiArt'*-Jf. ~ T
    1t~ 0

    17. ;~H$~f@,Hf$~1:F~ (you ni6nt6u) 5


    11R$:1¥ 0

    For a long time ; for many years; old .


    (1) ~{e,;f,'j--f-:{fJf-~T, 1~~jff-ylk_, 'f~~J£~-%-~1-rf.:PJo
    (2) 1-lt~~JL{i.'f~/fflf-~T, k.A•J~~a;ff~iA.iJt1-lt~o

    18. ~~~{;t=UE<~ _t~, ~~JL~ (sh6ut6ur jln)


    N:ff~~~~~ffl o
    Have no money or not have enough money.
    c1) 1;t. ~ ~ + ~ JV!f.- ~ u- , & ;f.ll -r + JJ ~ 5(_ --1l!.Ar 0
    (2) JJ~at1~Y:~J..Jl-1JS:., 1£~*'-~k-~-1-. JJ JJ -1-~JL~!f.-, ~JL;ff~~~
    ~ 1t ~ 8(.~ 11-f !

    56
    ( 3) J:. .f- JJ ~ !Xltl ~ T - {3 lf?. ~~ , ?,if )1:.( ~ ~ -t ~ JL ;ff .~, JL '}f-- , ;5~At' ~ * )1:.( Ji5"
    19. "151$GIQJ* (hua shu6 hullai)
    ~~~~*-~~~~ffi&~~W*~o
    It means consider both sides of a topic .
    ( 1) 1-ltA.:i± -T;;t ~' ~ ~iJi.~' ~ :i± ~iJi.lEl i'fi~~;ff Mt,?i, ~ 0 *-'
    (2) ;t ~ A.1tt~ m1t, 1* ;t, ~~ J:t 1ft~ -ii:A.~ tB -r- ~ ,J, it, ~ :1±, -ifdJt.
    lE1 *-, 1-lt1f1 ~it~;fe.J)-/~j: ~ Wa -Jt 1f_ ~~JL, i'fiX-i-~$ ~?

    20. WCOEJ~::*:=15*.§ Cdalaoco)


    N:ffX1t~Ao
    Uneducated and uncultured person.
    (1) ~it-~*i!a"J_:r_A., :k.::t-:l/!lL, l'}JFJL~i!1tZ- ~ ~:k.-:f11if?
    (2) jJIJ :;t1~i~J:.:i± ~, it~ :k.::t-:J/!lL, liT M:-=f .£. ~ *k. -:fA~ j· o

    21. tt~H~H~ (zhengyanxia) j9Ffj§1J


    /G1R'¥~.A. Xlfo
    An illiterate person .
    ( 1) ::t- -}Q] -}Q] -t3t .ttl ~ , xt ~ iJi. : "l~ -=f , " ~ ~~~# 1t , -}Q] -}Q] ~ -iY- ~ , it~
    ntatt~ o"
    (2) :i±-i-1±-:Rit, -:k-A.1f1 :k.~ittJtfttl~o

    22. DEJB~t.SZ#Jll.liiJl\IIJl\ (dlngguagua)


    ~~ #tlf 0
    Excellent; in tip- top shape.
    C1 ) itt Jf-1;f- a"J 7r -m-lll ~ ~ , liT~ k ;:~ ;tr - ~ :itt -t -*- , ~~ - Jt. ~~ -t3t .ttl :itt
    _:r_1'f 0

    C2) 11t1f- r -=f .£. it ~ 1Yl ~ ~ u"J _;j(. ~~ aa +


    ( 3 ) ~ ~ lf.fo) T :Itt JL Jj=- A.. J-;jt T , 1Jk. ~ l~. .ji_ Tftl ~ ~ , --f-<.11'1 *ft. ~ 11l!.. ~ R {(: ~ o

    -._ ~ffl~~agi'i\li:g~~:
    _::_;}e. JJ ;;ff Jj=- :* Tftl ~ ~ ;t ~ dJ, :k_ ;:t- ?flL - #H;M J.t_ ~ :* Jt

    57
    ~ T-!- T % :::: ffi. >'r -=..ffi, Jf--f- ::F JtJf--f- J& ::F Jt>& --t -!k JL ~
    ::FJtJ>t:t
    en ~JLI¥lmr~ T, ~1~/Fmt~-r. FJT~-i'J~m
    ~ 111 ~)!; ~ ?-LE , ~ ft: 00~ JL#iJ T , 1ilili ff A , ~ 1111¥1 JJf 1I: ¥it ::k T o

    C3) ;fff *4 ft: JA m7f ~ §I * 1¥1, * rg 1~ ft 1m tf!, m iit _t -1'


    ----------.--~~, ~~1~~ T , J{. PJ 'ti o

    ~)B~_t~~~~*~~-~.W~B~~I-~r~JJJtT
    _____ , trHtff~~il4i~111Eit*Wo

    0)M~W~~~T~~-~~~-.M~fl~m~~~ft:/Fft:
    - - - - - ' ~~~~~~{t:§lJt-ffi)ft@ 0

    ( 6) ~~ *ij!J WI :ltfUE ¥U * 1m ~~ , 111!. 1R ~ fiDI nru :itt!~ 7f rR {1i o PI ft: 111!. JZ. /f. itt

    ( 7) 1t!!. ~~ {~ $ i'J ~ {f] ~ 11 ~ " ' *" ,~, :;@: " 1$ 1¥1 01 'JfE $:. 1¥1 --
    _ _ _ , ~rPt~~~T" ~.®0 FJT~{-tl!.~~-*~tif, ~111:§9[;~
    tirtiWi "~~JI~~I9J" 0

    (8) ~~~~J::[j~'8'81J' 10:37, 8)tt£I) JE~IA, '8'8~'8~'11J!T, ,~,


    ~1Jilff:!«H, :!«H~-ill.~JLft~, ~~8)t-J,Jt: "1$ 'li:1t
    ~ ! " Elf 0{ ~!I! 1¥14: Jf(- ][/f. :ij'- 0

    (9) Wxxx~. xt::)(~J@~~I¥JA - - - - - , PI ft:~ JL-i'ltl¥1


    mtT f'F~?
    C10) ~at f'*W ~ llffi 1¥1 A 1f!. ~ !~ lE ml :f~ 1¥1 , 111!. ~ ~ 11f iii.
    11f/F:Jtt~, ff)t::k?f~: "il:~:Jtt~, ~ft:YE:tfi¥J~JJSL"

    (11) ~ 5ff H._ 9: /f. M, {t!!. 1¥1 H._ 9:


    _ _ _ _ _:ltf! i)l[ -~Ji 0
    ~ ft: _t * T, ¥it it ~ :00.111!. iii. itt

    c12) ~1n r ~rc 1¥1 ~11m/f. :Jrcjr ~M~, IW:iiiii.ft: _ _ _ _ _ _ l¥1,


    :anr~ _t~1~1R-* o
    58
    =, 7E
    ( 1)
    PX: l' iBHt9 Jit l! :
    A: ~tJX o ( ~% A ;ff% A)
    B: ~a<J? tJ~~~~JV(ffJX-JE*~tJX~~ o

    (2) A: ftt::Xa<JMPJ<tt.~,Z,~? ~ftt::XIill*lllT, N:wtfo


    B: o ( ~% A ;ff% A)

    (3) A: ~il:l]\if:ft*W~-}~)L*W' rtJ{ikN:*, :k/Ff~~T 0

    (4) A: ~ifl.iA~)(-BJ:/FrtJ~tJ~-=f?
    B: ,bA. it:~ a<J 1fJ JJt*iJt , /FrtJ ~ , rtJ _ _ _ _ _ _ o ( i~1JL 1EJ jJt)

    (5) A: f~lA.*if~N:~:tl~t&f, A~~t&f¥UI!B~JL$1~~t&f~1t-m-::k:ll:ff


    !!'!!a<J$' 1~ff~?

    (6) A: 1~~~/FIPJ~.:E~J.Ia<J1(11f, ~1t,Z,/F1t~RIH-fki5t~?


    B: 1t»-.*N:UJT:tt~1na<J~Jlt!., !It o u~~ m1f-)
    (7) A: ll§ff]~a<J !l!mt~~ T -t/~~T, ~1--::k.~JLa<JP[g, -ill/F:k~ o
    B: ;t'i w;j &f: ~ -T &G ~ _t ::k ~ T, P§ fil a<J ~~ /F ~, 1~
    ______ o ( 1f-7J !lJ J:_)

    (8) A: 1~/FR~!!t*, !\t~,Z,~:i1!~1t,Z,ifm~?


    B: ~ , ~=a~~tc.~a98Jt1Ta C?t:ctJJ,)

    59
    1!. ::N~ lk_ ~ ~ ~tt ,J~ iJL ~ a"J

    c®

    (~ ~ * iE.-tf. ;fp *- iffl ~.:r.-tf. & l'al Y lWr ~ JL )


    *~~:~U.~®~~~-M-~?~~~~-~~-ft~.~---~
    M1t#J~L ft X~ ~:5'~ A o
    ~mliJfi: JXJtlJJi!. TJhl[1JcTiffJL, ~~ iJ?.I!JE? ~-WH~*PE, ~Jt~ftl!l¥11'- JL··· ···
    *~~: *' {$~:kf{it! 1'-'!k~ O>f 0 1]\ £I' :*:MI.~~- A' Ji!~~i3?.1D !J!~ JL'i'8'
    ~:1~*~:&3~1±1¥1, 1'- JL~'lfft~JfJ? ~1t:tt~drHt9, M~ff!J~M
    ~.mm~~AMB~.~*~~*·~l¥7~-o**~MM*~fi
    T, :k~~~{it!~~~x;f{$%-o
    5-!E mm fi: - fM-*" ~ JLit~~~1~ tB n;y o *
    *~~: 1J~f!tl~o iJ?.Jil¥1, 1$fllf~Jt~:X~ l¥7-xt JL, !2.U§·1J\%$ ey JJtl~ T
    ft J! 1'- fi ~ PJ!iiJ , ft 7;; {$ 1fJ l¥1 ¥ JJiMf~ Ji!~ gw T o
    5-!E ffiliJ U : 1$ JJIJ 7f m~ T , J \. ~ BS )9: - RI!JE o ~ M , ~if JJJ(; ~ JJJ(; ft ~~H~ i~HM 1$
    'x.h--#J.
    J3._
    ' IWJ
    I "" 1 L~ RZ
    0

    *~~=~~J!1D~•fi.~M-~1fJ~*~W~m~-fto
    ~~fi:ftN~M.~~~-~-mT?
    *~~=~~N•o~. m~~~.~~Jt~-t-n•n•~•al¥7~~~.
    If'FJ:~)9:~HL '~~-tiL%-, 19:~{it!lHttl~M. ;f..•JEN~~JC -tiL
    N~itM-Es~M. 1:pge_~j(, ~:t+~~n~JL, miJ?.~1P¥t~JJtl~~
    60
    "'1 o ,~,z -1:i:J~, ~1'-%-!Jvfx-To
    *Dfi:~~m.~~~"~A~~·~··A~~~~", ~~~.~~M
    ~~~%-~T.~~~~h~~~~%-~?
    *~~=~m~e~.~~~m~~-r~•~re~~mM~.~m~m~-
    101fi~, ~fntJ~JL-nt1f~~1m~-t-Jt=~a9, 1$1lTJJtlm~, ~~~7~t-t
    11Jg1[;59:~h!f JL To
    *nh:H-1'-~~0~~~~-•-r~*•·~~m.~m%-%-mm~o
    *~~=~.~-~~.~~~.~~~-~~~mA-t-~0
    *oh:~1lJ~~~~~~~~.~~~OO~,~~~A~To~~~~m
    ~~~~*~· R~~~M .• M~~-1'-~*m~~-M~,N~~
    ·11!, 1lli8Jt~~~illihLI~~~zrojG'o
    -*~~=~·~1'-~*M,~~-~~~.~~~~-~~~Mo~~*~
    '11!, ~'11! ~, -,~JL~~~~, ~f~~~~'IW !jYJ,jt~aq, W.J§f1$Y'~
    13~~:\lJL, ~~miSA~ o
    *Dfi:~~~~~-~~-1'-&.?N~~M~--~~m·~--.~
    ~~.~~~$-~?~~~~~~~~~~.-~~-1'-*~~M
    ~~. 1$4-*······
    *~~=~~~-.~~~~~~~T?~~~~~.~~w~.~mw•.
    JJtlil: ~ ~ ~ 1¥-.J ~ -T ""1. 7 o
    *B~fi:ff~~-T~~-TI¥-.J,.~~o
    *~~:~~-~~~.~oos•-t-•~•fiTo

    1. ~~A: &~ *:Dt:k* ~ J\. o

    2. #~11: ~1lJ#, ~~~:fiH1lfo


    3. ::JC~: ::JC~~~~o
    4. 1J,:g$: m:?$1J,~t;tL, M~lo
    5. ~I~~: m~~-~mAo

    61
    Get along well with somebody. The opposite is "i!R/F*".
    (o 111!. in Jt{f. fl5t k
    J:. iA.. iJt ~ , 1t J~:t.1tt 1~ 1~ *- o
    ( 2) ~ J.A..1tt 5U/A ~ill.~ !l ~ 4~ ;:t A i~- ijf_ o {f.~ ~ i!l::- Jjl.£ , JCtf ..=_ + 1if Y'A
    ·~Al~A: ~~,~~~.~~~Jt~;t-Ao

    2. ~U~&:~ (lianpf boo) /f"$B-~~


    ~ J)) ~ £, /F ~ ~ }itL iffi & 1¥.1 ~ ,ljtl, iJi "Mt ~J¥" o
    Thin-skinned; very sensitive; shy. The opposite is "~..&')¥" .
    ( 1) 1~jtt;t- A iJL 7 -f 3t, ;:t A~ 1t Jl, ;r-; :kT ~ .~ ~f!. ~@.111!., Y. -M-iJL: "fl~ ~
    j~ j~ ;;t ve. 0 "

    ( 2) .:::.. ~ ·~ .£$~X.~ ;:t 9if1 , ~ ~ 7 i1;9 *- ~ J3 $ ~ -rn- ~ ;:t 9if1 $ ~ J3 , !if~ 1t


    ll , ;r-; * ~ .~ me.. ~111!. , ;Jf i.t4\ * 0

    3. 7\:PE.~ii*A Cguolairen)
    x>t ~ $ ~ ::!lr £~ m:1:11¥.1 A o
    A person who has already experienced something.
    ( 1) ~ ~ ;tl:. Jf- 4£ A#. ;(f jj, )!- , #. it ii AlA , 1;J1 it .~ ~ iJL ;t ~E', il: 1~ ill ~ 11Jf
    :iii-:!- 0

    (2) it-Jt:iiAlA, i;f,- ~~E'.J£jijlf-~ ~at~ ·~·Ito

    4. ~1-~AX~ (xiuhua zhentou) 1U8~


    :7r *-% ~1s & :ff g~ fJ &:ff ~ riiJ s<J J\. 0

    An outwardly attractive person who lacks ability and intelligence.


    (1) 111!.$ J:.-i-i~+~~i~ _m, l?ltiJI 7 ;r-; ~Y--k~-1-, 1if 7 jijlf-1~MJA~{f.1\" J€;
    11~ 1~~1-t~* 0

    ( 2) ~ ;r-; $ ~x_ ~ 1-t,~ 3}; 1tJ. ~ JJ A, ~ ~;fJ<, +;(f ;f.. "f:, ;(f ~g }J #] JJ A o

    5. ~~*~11]~"--:T (kO bfzi) 8~8~~~


    ~0
    Snivel; cry .
    ( 1) %% w iU ~, ;;t Jil. ,J, iig:- iE X-Jf- -1-, ·t~ fOJ 111!.~ ~ 71t ~ :f o
    (2) fi>f :kit ~ii Al ~}J : "1;f. $ 1,f, $ , ~~J A~$ 1;f. 7 , Jf 1~ ~ ~ i~ 3b ~ ,J, .J~ JL
    ~ x_ Jf- -r ' ~ ~11 ;;t "J\;J 0 "

    62
    6. 9~~i)t1~it~ (shu6 de guoqu) Wtfrj
    it f ·m Jll!!!lt fh fh mm£i mJ2J. o
    Passable.
    ( 1) f- at _:r.1'f ·fi: , ~ :f: 7t , .:r: iE1 ~ .1£ j>fAf :it-!- , <f ~it k ~ ~ j i 1¥t T , -Pt
    '*'
    ;r::: iE1 -!- ;:t ;:t $t ;ff JL j>f. .:f: :it-!- T o
    ( 2) " <f 7't ~ -PA ~ 7't lZSl ;I;] ;ff .. , ~ · · · · · · " 1!, i.f-.1£ ~~ *-1l.a. ~ tl! - 1'-- jJt 1l :it

    -!-~*P, ~~·-~-~-~-T~o

    7. -B'.t$~JL (yl shf ban hulr) ~fj~~~l±Bt~~


    1:E m: a-r fSJ lE o
    A short while; a short period of time .
    (1) ~ .Xt~ itl!3JL: "~ -1- rxJtl ~. , - at -f ~ JL .1£ M .:f: T , 1;f- :ftf. ·f}t ~- ~ JL
    l'e. 0"

    ( 2) ;:l JiL k ~ ~ I}J 1f.% :i!L , -k75 -k75 j>f. : " ~ ;!!_ ~ ~ ~ 1!. , - at -f ~ JL it ft. .:f:
    T, 1;f-1fHJlj~~·~· i~-T1t~-T1t~-!- 11e.o"

    8. J\~~~-11 (ba zl hoi mei yl pie). o~


    ~•$M£i&~*•··~~!!lt~~£im~o
    The literal meaning is "not even the first stroke of the character 'J\' is in sight" ;
    the real meaning is "there is not even the slightest sign of anything happening yet" .
    ( 1) ,J, 3. jJt, ~- lk-!--k~ ~, ~;r: ~ ~ ~~- 1t ~, ~;r: ~.tL;f~4.9Hi~· o ~ jJt
    ;r:::m,A~l£&-•~ • .:r:~~~:Itr~~.~~uA~~~*· ~
    ib1 F.li F.li 1t.1t.-!- $ f1 ;f,t 1-t T o

    ( 2) " ~ ~ ~ ~t ~ ~ .t~ + _:r.1'f ~'1!;, ? " 3t a}] I',;] o

    "fl~ <f5~* JL o"


    "~ )t .t~ . . . JL , 11 ~ 1f1 <f ;f,t .:f: m1~k ~ ::t T , ~ ;f,t <f v.A ~ * *f ;R JJ!l T o"

    3tll}]~~~~*o
    "i\.. ~it5~;ff - · ~, 7tJJlj -k!" ~ ;fh 3k JL lf:1 T JL -1-- H~o

    9. /G§i J$C/G!$Cf\G~l:H~H~~w~1m)X 1'~111\~ Crexlnchang)


    1~~'1f, ~t&lW WJJJUAI¥J)'-O
    A person who is warmhearted .
    ( 1) ~ ;Jt ,,y, A , JG -1-- )t ~ Jt!J k ~, k ~ , ~ )t ~ •\.:> ~ , if! ~ 1f .. ~ ~- .:f: T
    :ktl!, 1f1 0
    (2) ~ i'--±.5-i!t-.si ~;fl;ff.:f: .~ ~ #, !if~ .Xt Jt + 1~ •\.:> JJh, 1;f- ;ff 1t ~ .. <f v:A-!-
    63
    10. l$GIE~~ (shuo zhengjing de)
    ~~~*~~*~~T.~±~~~m~~$0
    No longer joking, wanting instead to talk about something important.
    c1) 1* 1n :t- 2t 7t ~ iFJ Yt Jt , iX. iE ~ iFJ , 1* 1n ifi ;t Jil. ~ M T , ~ t~ :Itt ;tr-.
    o

    ( 2) ~ •ti ~ 'f ~ ~ tlt iJt , iJL 4tt T iJ:. A. ~ 3t it- , iJt iE ~ iFJ , v~ 11'1 1-1- # # ;t ;t
    :I!. ~ dii iF) ~ 0

    11. :XU9~~1':J:J~fl;telli~tt (dazhe denglong ye nan zhao) B~Jj\{)1(~­


    It llftu1LUt 1~ o
    Rare ; one in a million .
    ( 1) 11t Y~ 2q .f~A~:~ A~{1)!. ~ Ai1J'*-, ;ff at i£ it~ jij , ntt wt :I!.+ A, ~~ ~~

    (2) ~~~:I!.;ff{FJA, 1*-tr •n


    {1J!.~,i£~~~{1J!.{Fj-~ol!.#tFJ~·' ~-#~~A~-~o
    ~~A~jtl ~=-+a

    12. I1'1=1=~59:~Mb (mei de tiao)


    1ItM , :f~ ~ ili {ljJ( }~ ~ ~ JE* o
    Very good, without shortcomings .
    ( 1) £ ~£ iFJ ~ J!- ~ Jtl!. o
    fFJ , ~ ;_)f. iFJ .t~~, ;ff d(. ~1R. ;fJf wJL
    (2) 11t;fJf .t~-*- iFJ ~ ~ .dr .. 5f. iFJ .;J;J~, il.1-l!!..$~;ft} T ~~yo

    13. )~~1-illi~ (gen) ii!Iii~ (hong guo lion)


    JER······fi~ iUJlJA~~, 111tl~%o
    Have words with someone; quarrel.
    ( 1) ~ 11'1 3z.-!-- ~±it- T ;_ -t- %Jj=- , ~ Ndk *lt 11t if- :i:t .!& , 11t ~!A. )f. *tl ~ ,.Y-
    :i:t* 0

    (2) ~:t"7X.:t" ~ J -l)t~, *-1!. Z. k5f.*flA~.:E.:ii.Mt, ~ AJ;f:A~)f_qf~:i:to

    14. ill:&:~ (gei) ii~~~ (lianse kan) t!


    ~ (~A) ~fS!fi x>t;lftA.*~ili~·ltu·~~, ii1*1tf!.~~~o "~~, iiL
    i)?. "~ -=f" 0
    Show anger at or dislike of somebody .
    ( 1) :I!.*-~ iFJ %'" * ~-*- T v~ J€r , :ltt 5k 1~ v~ 1U fl~ #~A~ Mt@.. ;t, :I!. il. ~ ;f.t}
    J- 0 9..o
    64
    ( 2) v.A it -!- ~ Ri ~ t i'iJ , -1\ 1f1 ~ ~ .t,J~ , J.!il. ,(£.-Jet T , 1;f- ;t. Z. .t~t ~ it , .tJ~ T 4-
    ~~~~~m~~·~~·~-~·o

    15. *~**-1'~H~JL (bu qlyanr)


    ~~l:f:L ~:f,fjjlJ. 1~-Ro
    Not outstanding; average .
    (1) -1\11'11\Allilii ~ ~tt .f.l!!.*-~it~ ,J,~t, :;t_- ~,(f. t "* ~X<f~~Htt~ ~o
    (2) 1*-~:kFJ£~11&/~~~Htt, lifk.:i!.-!-Q;t~-i.f-T, i!~~J;t.£Rtfto
    (3) ,(£.~:a~ at 1~ ~-it!!., ~ ~ ~ ntt ~ ,J, ~, .ffl!. ,ff. .jp A T jjf.lft. PfJ ~ ~ :#...
    a}J ~o

    16. i~i50J\$~53U~ft"tt (you fencun)


    i,jttJS:g\(;1~$1~~~, ~J:1:Jto
    Have a sense of propriety .
    c1) ,(£. 7r &~ 1~ 1-x. 1t- 1if ~ 7ff SF -t , ~ ~~ 1t ,(f. ~ x1g, ~ 7ff +r z. 1-x. +r z. . ~ tt 1N
    A.,~z_ ~o
    ( 2) j;(11 ;fC~~ ~ ;{f :!!. 1-- 1& ~ , .1; ~ :;t_ 1if v:A ~ , 1iL .1; 4¥- ~ ;{f SF -t , )JlJ ~ ~ .1;
    .~To

    17. ,~,L-~-t5 (z6ngzhT yf ju hua)


    ~~~~~m•m~t!S~MfiW~~~o
    In a word; in short .
    ( 1)-1\ b ~ *tl it )Qlf-*f: T 4- ~ T , .& z- 6J it- , tl:: .ffl!.:!!. #-.= *tl-1\ 11'1 ~~ ;{f * , ~
    -1\ 11'1 5~ it 1£ 0

    (2) JJ~X~w:k, 1]<.:k, A.#!.._:k, .&.t-6]-i~, ;Jf.'t1A.:f-¥---!-o

    18. ft111J35J ~-ltt~B~1ill~i'Sff~S~ (haoyangrde)


    1~~~Ao
    Great fellow, good person .
    ( 1) ::t .l.. iJt : "iJt jjlJ ~ A -1\ ~ T jQlf- ' ~ 1Jt I J' ~ "M ' JJ~ 1if -A- :;t_ +-Jet if ~ !"
    (2) JJ~+*-*--A-:;t_-t--Jct#~, --t-A..tr#1 T -=-.-t-t~1}o

    19. ~~ll:J"i&~ (guole zhe cOn) CTI!Wt5~i&J6JL (mei zhe dianr) j


    ~~m~m•m.~~7~~~W~7o
    Do not let an opportunity pass you by , as it may never come again .
    65
    ( 1 ) 11t- liL "~ ~ti - liL ~ ~ iJL = 1¥- ~ €FJ ar 1~ s -jj: ·tk: n. , 1~ ·!9t n. €FJ ar 1~ ~ ·!9t
    " *
    n> , fl~ Jt 1l. -T o $Ll1;f- iJL , :1± 7 ~ # 1t.. 5i. :;:{;f ~ Jli JL ! jtl ::t 7 l£ ;f ~ lit.~
    Z,.f-f~o"
    (2) "1;f-iJL €FJ ~-t-11t-4~~:1l1E1 ~* $1 ;_- -r!"
    ~J ~ -T ;f *f ·K9U.t iJL : "-%- i]f 1.f- , :1± 7 ~#!if 5i. :;:{;f ~ Jli JL , ~ Jt Jf:t -i;Jt 7
    -.=1;f- !if 1JiJ ~ ~ ! ·tk:-!- ·tk: IE1 11e o"

    20. 1lli8Sl:Sffv1Z~i)t (shoo shuo) ttH~:t\1'~


    3IYa
    At least.
    (1) .:ET-lf-:l\7]: "T JL1f-~-~:tn.~Z.III-*€FJ.:r..A., l!.:;:{;f ~ :?'?"
    ~ iJL: ":J'iJL~:::{;f JL 1f Yo"
    (2) :M-~;k:J'iJL~:;:{;f -\::i-T~ 7, !ifJt~J$.~-.~,JL~;f•ji_o

    21. D1l5 1 1 1 Bfttl~1'~:7't~ Cqi6ngguangdan) ftttl~~1lli


    q~~El"J}\.o
    Pauper; poor person .
    ( 1 ) ~- 1n 3\t :1l11t Jt ~ z. !if ·1'4-- , 3\t :1l11t ff.J ::t- x_ * ~ !if ·tt- o !if ~ 1n Jt ~ JJJJ ?!f %
    fFJ~~*?!f!t,a~*•JJj;11t~. x-~~~~fFJ~*~~o
    (2) 1-tl!.;f ~ ~* JL~-t- x. aJ.t1i. x. 5i. 4~ €FJ 'jJ ~*, !if* JL- .~- JL~;f 11Jf1-tl!.
    fFJ o ~#--.J!-iJ:{-tl!,*~o

    22. ~m~ (shl) ~~~~IJ\i)t.~~ (de)


    ~ + 1;fJ i~ + ~ i~ + 1;fJ i~ + a<J anm- ~:!If> Er"1 £i1i :Wd~k fE! ~ fi'&: T ~ ¥ (~
    '~ ~'li)
    lJ:lJ + /"- l~=t 0

    This pattern means that doing ·something ( V + 0) is the cause of an unhappy result .
    ( 1) 1.f- tnllft ;f :Itt ' ;fJ(. Jt ~~ ft $ ~ $ €F) 0

    (2) 1-1!!. ~ z. JJf' ;f;t.JE._ vt ~ t


    11 €F)' 11t~Jt- -t- }l ;f 11t ~ ' if ;t_ 11~1-t r ~0
    (3) i!bi!biJL: "1;f-~;k_~ w~1Jt' yJt.JtJf#-T Jf €F) 0 ~5i.Yl..l±k.~kl£:;:{;f Jf
    #-T fFJ a"

    23. 1'lni)t.i5~~~ (gem) ft~~-1'~w.J (yl ge qiangdiao)


    &(XAJ-~~- m~AEI"J~~~~~-~o#*~~o
    Sound just like (somebody) . Usually, it contains a negative connotation.
    (1) ¥~1rl ~1t z. .l\7] ~~- -t- A.;f}(. ~ 7 ' l!l59 i!bi!bt.A~~J/;_jfl~~- -t-
    66
    ~ift] 0

    (2) 1;f-J!. Z.Jf-~, ~ ~ fJL~W.:Jf3}UJ~Jtl:.~ :k.:k. ---}~-i-ft], ;~.~f]~ ~ ~7fito

    24. ~Ult:l.X~~B'SJ'~~~j" (zhu shu de yozi fei le)


    ~~B~~~~%m~~%~$~X~~To
    Let the opportunity slip through one' s fingers .
    ( 1) /; 1 JL :f' at.) it~ .. , 11t 1fl Ed& 1£ 1 ~ ~y 4~ , iJL *t ~.if-~ :k Y.t $tit~ , Pf JJI!,
    ~:l!.~Aat.J~:f'~1.~~11t~~~-~~?
    ( 2) ~ 1;f- at.J ~ 1€A~ ~ ~ 1;f- 4- ~ 4ft -11- ..£. 1 , 1;f- Y.t i i •\.; *t 1 , ~ A at.J ~ :f' ~
    ~To

    25. 1+2. (shenme) ~.®-5-~ (bu) ~~-5-9'51 (de)


    ft~A~A~ ~~~~m.*~~~-~~-~~~~m~"~o
    It is used in dialogue, indicating the speaker does not agree with what the listener
    said.
    ( 1) ":!!. # gji ~-if.~, JL !lt , #- .i\. ~ ~ :k. at ft , ~ ;t :i£Jl ~ 14- )11] at.) ve, 0 "

    "1t ~ at ft ~ at ft at.J , ~15 ~ t,-tA-r 1 , :k. at~ 1 ~ ~ ~ ~ ili -!-a "


    ( 2) "i~hM- ~ ' -1-- Jl :k. ,$. ;J:Pl1~ 1 0 "

    "1t ~ )jf_ :J:Pl ~ _$. :J:Pl at.) , ~ )t_ JIJl h:_ , )Jij ~ ~ 1:- ~ 0 "

    -, f*~l'Wtln~~imi~:
    (1) :fl.~. 1ih~::k)L-=fB££IfFT, ~-*::k%RLt:W.L -=JL-T-tl1·~::k
    ~.$~7, ~A~f&-tl1~~:ff1'-1*1Iff~IfFo _)L-TJE~~~. ~*
    111:ffA::k~~$:mo :9,-)LI!ie, #IP1tl$~, :fl.~~1'-;J,~13#1Po ~~
    fih~-=f}(, 1if!;L' ~&?&~if::+ -=:tr~•, PI ~]Jt1~ tt__t~)E ttr:ff
    •·~•JEm~tt~.~~~1if!~a~m~o
    (2) :ff-;f!ft~r!. 11~~. ~~::k~~: :ff~ArJ.jJ~l~Eg,~tJJ., ~PI
    w.~~•*·m~~~••.~w.A~JE&:ff-•.•~Eg~~tt
    ft;ft, giX£I" a ~~::kx;J o ~if::~~®~~:toco ret~~®B, 8Jtffl~
    ~%%]fg~SJ.~=*if::SJ~%o

    =, ~.m~~(fjjiij~~£::
    ~*A ~3* -if~~ ~·:f' ~~a -~~ ~~~ #~*
    67
    - at -f ~ JL iJt iE ~ €F) i}} ;ft ;ft. ~ .tr :f ;J:r 31. ~ * .t~
    C1) ~ll;~: /j\&:.r~-z.:Bi~:tt*nti&? ftfu~-z. T?
    ~ ~: IXJtl ::t fit ttt iif T ftfu w;J 1D , ~ ~ JL PJ B~ iE ~ -T ll
    - - - - - -!Yeo

    (2) A: :JJGJUi~:Ji!!lftfu7f~3JC~' ftfu~-z.f=(.ptjj~~~T? ~ T-~?


    B:~7fm~*m .A*~M•.~*•#m~~
    ~itmT o

    (3) A: l!ffiJt-Fi'Ir OK rt~Jj\±Al} T~-~, fii:~ili*1~£i1{.1fw;JT-To


    B : ~ IJPPJ , Jj\ _±.fat 1iJa ~ , fit 1fJ :Hi D.J. 7g 1~ if!V$:~ ~ ~
    P/~HJX~o

    C4) A: PIHfJ~~~lf!.,~JL T~-ft? i1~5tE~~I§fm~Hs~~~~JlL


    B:·-~.~ *~T~~~Aff~ffl~~-{Effi
    {E 1fi _L lYe 0

    (5) A: 1j\il&~~ A1{.~~, 4ij{'X:JJtif1~'AHt1~1t~~JiU:ffli'~o


    B:~~~ .-~~reM~~$~mt§B~$o

    C6) !t*!t*: 1B\~m~m~~jj! _ _ _ _ _ _ ~? :Jgft-z.1B\~~1~M


    M!Ye?
    **=•fl*.~:Bi~.••~$~~•0

    (7) A: ~ffJ~-:XJ:.i!J~i'IU!£, -~-}E~_d>PE?


    B: PJ ~ , fit {f] j5 ~ :Hi ~ , ;f!l ·~ 8Jt m $1 T, jj~ JL ~ -!;:: ~
    _ _ _ _ _ , ~:it&c:k?f~. m•til~trr!J;frjj~JL, tt•MY:-
    ?f~ l:f:l, *7(-5-lf-tfLj~~ l:f:l-fto

    (8} A: ~;fli-fl}~-z.~%3JL, flt-tiL~Jt&iJtft~. {B\~J!t:f~~Ift:ff~


    X'tEPiliiJo
    s::JJG~ - - - - - - .:JJG~m~~~~-~.~-~:ff•-z.~
    ~if!: ;f_l ~ _L R] 0

    (9) A: -ft~OO:ittffi? ~w~m~PT ~ ______ nlij, £uAfMc!t~


    rlt -ft!Yeo
    B:flt~~-m~*.PJflt~~~~~?ftfufi-~*~ftTo

    (10) A: Jff~['ii]fltfil, ~~~t~~}A_Iffl~JL*~?

    68
    ~ 1¥1 :tt!rlf PlliiT ?

    cu) A: 1>t1n~~3fftl¥1m~, _____ , ~¥I7e-$M~mft-


    ~*?
    B: ~~~~B-*~.ftiDm~*~~mo
    ( 12) A: :JfG"#Pf:i{rJ{jl;§~}E~~~, ft;lfj~!]\rutl:W Pf:i{ll-tePI~L
    B= 1m jj~ -1' §~ :ff ~ * ~ JL, ~ :tm re llM ~ * * -m
    P4*o

    ~ .. ~~""Fimi¥J1:il-T:
    (1) MtltlJ.: ~;E].{E~~~:gjJ, ~~~*3], ~*JJ§f'lfi}:1f~*~]?(o
    #J#J: 0 (~R- .. ····--1'-~iftl)

    (2) A: *fl*~~~, P§{fJ:i!*L PJ~§~'*~ o


    B: ~Ppi!J , _ _ _ _ _ _ o ( ~- iJL)

    (3) A: 1~Ut~WTfti¥J:k'tt7, Jii'"f!i-T~Y'$~? 1~1!i-1Jfft, ft1i~~o


    B: a (ftZ.A~Aif.J)

    (4) A: ~~-T~-:trutl_t 9=t*ll'JI:~_tH!H~7?


    B: _ _ _ _ _ _ o (Jt V + 0+ V + if.J)

    (5) JL-T: -f»t!J!b, ~:lffti¥JPJ<ftX.~7 a


    *
    ~11; WI; : 1$ ~ ft J: 7 ' - - - - - - a (:ltV+O+V+if.J)

    69
    - '\3' -
    -~-

    ( ,J, M:fp M"f= ffi..~fi. 11-*'£ X)


    1]\~: IX~, 'i9C:~E'IW ~-tEP~L ~1EV1'0~fi 71'- JiJLWI :7C -ti1.~1'~ iU tJ~f£':)(
    #o~~*Y,~~~$~~~~Y,~~~$~~~~,~~~~-ti1.
    8Jt@Y o
    IX~=~~.~~~~~~~*~•~~.~-~~-~~n~~.~~fr
    ~~;Ell!~~ Y. 1if1mJf~a9 o
    1]\~: 1$~~:ii, *£* Y ~~ J\.$7-fl ;if'~~~~, -~i'J ~ ~Lil}tll}t~,
    ~~a~-ill.R~~o~~.~m~~*~~*·~~--~~•*?~
    ~~-~Yti~.~~a~m••~o
    1X~:~.~;Eli!~T~~~~~m•M~a9MM~~. ~~~~:ii~ft~~
    £U~X~Y-~a~.fr£U~~m~;if'*~o~mmtt•o~~.
    '1:1C~~1'~1'~P[g, :f~~~~®f~jc7 o

    1j\~: n~, ~1mst~Y-*~Y, OO~JLt~1'~7, 8;1G~N:ff! ~1'~~i'J, ~m~~


    ~~;EJI!~~~.~;EJI!~~$~Z§~~~o
    ~~:-~?~~mmY.~#$~~%~~--~~Y.~ID~~-~7
    1tB ~a~ o -fJHJl. , 1$ tf 1m 4fJ ~ 'tt 1~ ll!P Ji tij :7e 8~ , 00~ JL 1F ~ !'EiJ P~ o
    ~~: ~. ~Y-*~~~~-~M~.~~-~-Yo
    ~~: ~;ti, ~I~~1mfil1*-~-, =~=. -);~)L~*";{Mo ~-~ilA~
    70
    1J.HIHt9 o
    Jj\JfX: mt~~at{iff~~IHgfJK~~. iA1{.:tt~To ~~iJL fi!?.:1L~JL-m$o
    W*.~T-~SM.~-~-~~~.~~~?~#W~~A~W
    JL, il:~~ ~$59:ttl!JL100 a
    lktf: ::.f:tt, ~f±fillJ3:A i~%8ft% T, ::.f:f±JL' 1E-*, Ifi=:~*-mm~JL 1fp ~,
    ## ~ JJ T PI R nif IL\' 79: ~ :1% JL' Hli JL' fJf lJJ :tE ~§ {f] J3: JL ]±til~~ A
    ~JLo
    ~IFX=~*~~~~~~~m~~.~~?~*~*~~~m.~~•J3:
    ;WII}B?
    1ktf:J3:$~::.fM-.::.f~~~o~~ID~~-~~a.:r~~~.::.f:tt~~
    ::.f.oW~. mc~$i±~::.f:ii*IIJB,m~A~~~~o
    1j\ JFX : ll)t , 1~ i~ tl~ {Jt )( 14= ~ fi~ nz :tE 00~ JLIIJB? $ •ff ~ 1{. fi :tE ~ -¥ 1E , ~ :tE J3: JL
    8ftr9:~ JL* T o

    1ktf:~mm•oo~r9:~?~~nzf±~%~.W~~::.fTo~~mmo
    Jj\JfX: ~ffJ~:E~f±i'r~iSL T~T, ~~JLit&.:·OO~P~o 1J,%~8ftJ3:~131t:;k~
    :1:1!?. 1J , ~ fi~ jj)( :tE 00~ JLIIJB ?
    lktf: tl~, ~*f~~%11Hl£IJJfti~::.f~JIID!¥ JLt~~f±-~ T?
    ~JFX:Il)t~.~~--~.~. +~A~mtf±W*·~JE.~-:r±a-*Ro

    1. ~-rt (Ia) 129: ~mwz~~lill:$, 1t1t~*Wo (forgetful)


    2. :11~ : Jm :ii ~fHt , :ii :fr o (overdo)
    3. A~JL: !:3JWJ!IIA~**o
    4. m-~: i1J !:3~3EI9='Ft9-7J~::.fiE~~~-!x**~)\.o
    5. JIIY!-=f- JL: }lilj! {!! o (conveniently)
    6. +~J\.~: {!i~PJ§~o

    1. ftt8ij],v~~J'"l'~JL~~ (fonle ge dlr chao tion) ill&J.t~Ulji3{5f£1+


    ttntui'J~UmR*Wo
    Ransack one' s place for something .

    71
    ( 1) -m -m iJL ~$..1M:. -i,&._ vt , it jft $,. ;}e. ~ X. if) T - + fit JL $JJ 3:. -ti!.. ~l_ .t:l<. l!j <if v-A vt
    ~:j;g,o

    ( 2) JL +A. ;}e. ~u ~ ifJ T +fit $JJ 3:. , X .t:l<. ltl JL #- ];K_ :ilJJit ::ft:t i!9 '*-];k ~ o

    2. ~~~j, B-11=8'SJ$WJL~®)~ (pao tang) j


    &lf~JU §;f,j~/F~~~f_mttxUo
    Come to nothing; fail.
    ( 1 ) 1-lt 111 JL ~ ~ T - 3€:. ~ iN.~-~ -Jt + ~ 1/i , <if -ift ~ )l_ t& ~ , ::F ltl -=-. + Jl
    ~1/i~*nT,~~·~#~~~*~~To
    c2) 1-lt 111 -t 4 ::F ~ -Pt l'~ j~ f;!i] :f: , ~ Jt fl~ if ~ 1--&- , $..1n fo.Jf 1M:. ~ .:r.. 11= *' ~ JJ ;r,t
    Jf:.~ $h To

    3. ftB'SJt&MB (fanwan) llimtm (za) J"


    ~I!H& i9t -*TIfF o
    Lose one' s job.
    *
    c1) .:r.. A.1n -r x. -11 9... , <if i'fi -tl!.. ::F JR1-Jt 1t z. , $ ·~ ro c.. ~ ~ ~ ki T 0

    ( 2) :t- ffR- it i1t-#-- 1f1 ~ , I!J 39 i&. ltl -=-. *- , ;fe:. -i,&._ ~ ;;JP. T , ;;t YL +.k. -!- T .I.. 1i= , :t-
    ~~*tl+.k. ~ -j(t} 0
    c3 ) :t- ;fB.. k. y; n $..1fHJt = " i'fi ~ Jt ::F :kt -M- --r- ~ )L , $.. ;r,t ki i'fi ~ i,&._ ~ ! ,

    4. JJS~}J~~ (do keshul)


    mIJj '1Jt ~:Itt A ¥-mg '1Jt ff9 :11c~ 0

    Doze off.
    C1 ) ~ JL 7:. $.. 1n ;;t ;t_ 1*- J:t. ~ ,it Jt ;;t ltl J€; -f- R , fo.Jf r-.A - ltl ~ T -JJG -Jt :k~ .tr
    flt~o
    ( 2) -fit 7:. :t- A.1n ;ff a'-J JWr 7:. JL , ;ff ~ 1:¥ ± Fa fit T .tr n.t ~ o

    5. ~~-ttg~~~ ffi J", ~11.R:tff~e~ Cyou nl hookan de)


    ~~JIJJ#~Yf~~~. *lrmlGHj}~W1!fff9i-Ef~o miJt "lff$~Ht~ff9" o
    It means "you will run into trouble" . This sentence contains the speaker' s warning.
    Also, "lf f~tf~ ff9".
    c1) ~ +.::r ~ JJ A.~ ~~J.t Jt i!9 + :Jt: -T iJt : "1~ 1n 1~ ~ ft- ~'Jf $.. fl'-J , ~ ::F /ff
    1~ 1n -M- ;;t fl'-J !"
    ( 2) ~ ~ iJt : "~ Jt -klHJb it-!- ~x_ ~ 1t :#K. , 1~ i: 14 ~ t<fl- T , ~ :k11!. w *- , ;ff 1~
    -;kt~~o"

    72
    6. ~~*j JL-1' J\~7:tJ::t'~ (ba ganzi do bu zhao) BSJ$~
    ltlltu~*~~#JZ£~19:~~* 0

    Have nothing to do with or be distantly related .


    ( 1) ;t _!. -i>t : " 5-t 4~ ~ at 1~ 4k. 5-t fJI5 ~ ~ -$- ,w,\ , JJL(f. if T ?!A~ , /~ -¥- -t- .tr /F ~
    *
    I

    ~ ,w,X.~.t~J::.. n *- r o"
    (2) Jf Jt~~~fij ~J~ !ill, ~if,??, JL /F ~, i>t: "1;f. *']-it 1' !ill~*,
    11 1 ~~* ~
    ~ ~ -.= i'-._-¥- -t- 4k. .tr /F ~ , -T 11.!1.te. ~~~;pt. fU - ~ JL -i- o"

    7. ~~f\t~" (chao) j~t¥1 (y6uyu)


    ff~~;,, 15l!~A~$;If'Fo
    Fire somebody; dismiss .
    ( 1) JJF 1-- /F ~ n- ;t ;f.li 11~ ~ ~ * ~ -#:- ~ -=- *- -fffu i.t >l'Y' T itt J!?_ o
    ( 2) ~ 1f1 -ig:- f._ I J~ IU M!. _L 11: ' I& ;jl! IU ti:: I?!, )L £ 41} ;p,t :J:J T itt j?_ {)
    ( 3) 1!1 ;l] ~ i&flJ --f 1-- ,J, at , ;t ;f.liYJG >l'_j' T ~~itt j?_ o

    8. ft~tlt (zhao) 1ill11l~~ (suan zhang) 2's


    ~ · · · · ··• !i* tf:\ :tl. :!If- 8<1 ~ *$ $; 1~ ~A* fA~ :S: o ill iJt. "RII ( ~ )\. ) •
    li!lE:" 0

    Punish somebody after something bad has happened; settle scores with somebody.
    Also , "iii ( somebody ) .li!JE:" .
    (1) ,J,_f.-iJt: "~.te.~1t-.=Ytu~5Z_MH;f. T, -*k9r/Fjff-, ~ 1if.t~1;f.-1t=-~o"
    (2) ;t 5~ 11&. fo
    lilk ,, frk ~ ~
    5tt JL -3- i>t:
    ~ -?
    "~ JL A ~ , ~ jc, /F Jl'. 1;f. , 4f lET ~~ * jl1;f. -Jt=-
    :X~ 0 JH'\ _lr;;t I)")"I..J, ..1-t- J Q

    9. t£~/sfT~B{iJ-EJIQJf~d~~it.tffil~~ (re guo shang de may!) ii).tBSJ


    %$AI2SI~;E,, ~Jt~~a<Jl+ro
    Be on pins and needles . It is used to describe one as anxious or frantic .
    ( 1) - _t_ fU a,t ililf> , JL -t- ,J, # :3£ ,:_t 1E1 *- , ~ ;f- ~~ 1-i ~!A~ J::.. ~ ;lr!} ~ , /F 1.f
    M!-1£~ r ;to
    (2) ..R~tlT-t-1}4'1'7, 1if:J£Jt;;t/FJt:kt~~lJ. ,J,_£~~1-¥-ifujlfA~J::..a{;.t-&
    ~111- ~ 0

    w. wr~:::r:::m~:B1t::6)ctJ±~~~xb:t Cfa) "J-)m~~ Cpfqi)


    Jt~, ~9:o
    Lose one ' s temper; get angry .
    73
    ( 1) ;t- .£. ;;t JL JL -T X ~tt JJ~ JL -t- A.-~ v~ ~~ , .:Jf. f" ± q_, , !if JL -T {!!!,X Ff ~ T ,
    JiJ[ YA .R -](f W ~ -!-~it ;t # JL :It_ JJYf q_, o
    ( 2) ilL JL lf- {!!!, ~R- ~- =*. ·~ ~ * a<J ·ft OL , ;ff at ·~ ·tt ~ M- , {!!!, :1£ ~t ~ * k :It_ JJYf q_, o

    11. i.t::E~~~t~J3Ul'1'*'El (xia bu lai tai)


    1~ 11: Jrit , Xi t!L
    Embarrassed.
    ( 1 ) {!!!,..{f. ;m h:. 11'1 urnw 5t_ ;fjt_~ ~ ~t. ~ a<J .. ' ~ il: ~ jt ~-f ~tt-!- ,1& ' r ~ *- -€; 0

    .tJt i-t J, ~u , ~ Jt. il: {!!!, r ~ ;iJl -€; vl!j ?


    ( 2) 1.t ;ff at 1~ k. ~ )i.. ~ ~ it. T , 1.t JJ~ # J

    c3) ~ ~ iJL , !if x ·t~ ~ k .te. i~ , 1~ ~ -r ~ -r ii " 11'1 }'ft ~ ~ 1£ Jt. i.t ~ JJ q_, ,
    {.;) ~ ;f;'t_ ill T it .f- o

    12. 1'lnCHJ3Ufl:~Ol:ti Cwang qiangkou shang zhuang)


    ~¥AMM~~~~-~--~~-~~-C~~~~~~~~-)o~
    i)t "mt~;ffu t1 _t" 0

    If you cross someone who is in a bad mood, you will suffer the consequences . Also ,
    "j]t~;ffu t1 _t".

    *
    ( 1) ~ .. ~ :ii JL *- iJL ve ' 1.t ~~ ;;t JL ~ ~ ~ JL *- #; ~ #; ;fJG :It_ JJYt. q_, ' ~ !if ~
    ~ ;fi.. #;- p _t .:It 0

    (2) ~JJ?.~JLkiE;{TJL-Ta<J:f=±q_,, ~'JTJJ'*-i3L*ik1fl-k$Ar, -T-J-;f,tk_


    JL T , .te. ;J, 5i~-.m..nt~;f!;t i-tT - ;JJJi o ;;t JL JJ' 5R ~ ~ ~ a<J # -T, ;t .£.X :4-
    iJL : " ~ il: 1.t iJIJ -!- , 1.t .:j f. *-!- , ~ !if Jt. 1-t- mG .:It .ttl #:- u _t a<J ~ a "

    13. ~tt~~U, ftq]"~~!C!J (xiang) g~~~ft (jiaodai) o~


    icJ •••••• 3ttt El3 ~ ttH_m~~~~* rm rP1 ¥A:JJo ~ iJti!Ji o
    Justify oneself; account for one' s actions.
    (1) 1;f-}'ftM-~1;f-~~~ 1--$-JL, iU:.'Y-JJt1-t- mG.:jf.~i!~, ~tt~i~=*. ~, *
    ~ ~~-j(f{.;J{t-~~ X.1\o
    (2) ~~.f.#c-:J&Ut.W-, ~=*.~:4-~/~~a<J>ftJ~, ~~~..!!;~, ~?!.\ill T ~~~~
    ~ i~ it. f.Q &- ~ 4JHt· , JV; .:r:. X.1\ o

    14. ~f!:P~1tll~)tjeg!C~~U~Fo~ Cwang dao naohoutou) j


    je~~T' ~1~1~T~o
    Have completely forgotten.
    ( 1) JJtJ ;;t ilk.$- Ed¥- M-M- a<J , !if - ill f1 $t .te. mG iJL a<J w ~ ;& .fU ~i2i J€> *T o

    74
    15. ft11J~WC~~J" (m6toule) 1-t:BffiJM; (pfqi)
    ff~7 {¥.A.a9) nfr-9. ~~#7M~J'-I¥JH,~o
    Understand somebody' s temper or character.
    (1) 1tl!. e.. ~~~3ft T ~A~ Jllf~' PJf Y~C~ 'f:W1 ;t ~ ~-' ;t ~ liliJ' 1-11!.~- G)~
    ~~iJL, ~:W174-it"T *--ft~tl:W1M-:ffo
    ( 2) - ~ !1. ~ T :i!. ~ J Jf- , :W1 Jf- ~JL!!: T ::t- :1dL ~ Jllf ~ , 1£. :i!. at 1~ , :W1 ~ *J-
    1t ~ ~Jil~ ~1tl!. 0

    16. 11R®'1tBBl~ 1i't~WJE£i!l~ (jiaodT chao tian) ffiJ


    %$~~#·tti¥J~-T, -ill.m "*H!II~JC. lmH!II~JC" ~0
    Very busy . Also , "* H!IJ ~ 7( " , 1m H!IJ ~ 7( " .
    "
    co *- ~ ~ st *-1f. JA ]?.. _:[_ 11= , t1 c. '1lf ~ ~ -t- 1~ -r :ii a -r. , ]?.. ]?.. >r >r , tJL. :W1
    - -t- A, ;ff at •li: 1-f-t )fir -*JIJ(., ,J, ~ tJU.£ #--!-" :k. :kt f- ~ JL o
    ( 2) $..111 :k. 'f. ~ •ti: 1-1- VEl )fir -*Jl 3(. , 1~ .!: ~ ~~ ~ill 1£. ~ JL ~ :k. ~ ~ ?

    17. iffilY-*~1t!l~1:EJ'N:£:~ (fangkongpao) u~~


    ttlltui~:£il5, i~ 7 ./Ffi!iL
    Indulge in empty talk (and not follow through) .
    ( 1 ) 1~ i>L it$.. vt 1,&. ~ iJL :ii *I- JL ;k_ T , <if 1~ - ;k_ ~ 5~ .J{.. iff :ii ,
    JYl.1f.1~iJL1t ~ $..~~1tTo
    ( 2) 1~ ~ .i. ~ ~'Jf~ *-~4ft , <if $..111 .!: ~ ~~ -:ff- jij 11~ ~ J ~ ~? 1-11!. X ~ :ii JL 1£.

    18. 1:EI1'FJ=1ililoJ*-~-, =~= (yT sh1 yT, er sh1 er)


    ~$}jt~, 1~R~o
    Be practical and realistic ; be earnest.
    ( 1) $.. iJL : ";t- .£. , 1~ 11'- ~?Ht UL ~ at 1~ , 1Jil 1t ~ ~ iJL , 1~ ~ JL iJL t %~ I~
    Ri!i
    ~'
    jp:: ~-A,._ -r -?;" ~ J.h
    .'JI.( T ~ /f' (<iJ / ' R"J 0
    " n l 3:t- -:r
    "• :oe. '~
    ..:L- 1-;u :
    " ~ ~+
    ~-'<.. -"C.
    ),\.. l
    I /'\.. ..:t=-1~
    I I
    //
    A
    .;Jt,r
    -'~'~!"' -
    1'1
    ~- , -
    - 1'1
    ~

    ..::.. , ~~-t.:!Jt:Jff~'Jf~iJto"
    (2) ,J, .£. !1. ~J.tiJL: "~ ~ jij 1~ Jlejij T *
    11~ JL -i-i>L$.. ~ J;(-.U' a" ,J, 5-LU3U3tJ-tl!.
    iJL : " $.. x JL- JL - , ..::.. JL..::.. J.t ~c -tlt o "

    19. JM~~B"11~x~~~~~~~ (jTdan li tiao gutou)


    75
    · Look for a flaw where there is none.
    ( 1) ~ ~ 49i-* ~ 1l ;t_ T -')\ 11'1 ~ ~ ik , ::t- Yifi 1n ~ 5-l. ;ff _&_ ~ , 1* 391t Z. ~f-* ~~
    ~ J[;#!s1.f * ~?
    ( 2) 1*-* Jl ;r; il: tli!.1f1 i~ ~ , ~~ $t. :J:Ji T , $t Jl -?i- *f ~ ~~ 1f- .£ tli!.1f1 ~ ~~.ills tl:
    1f* *!
    (3) ::t- T *~~1fHJi.: "~1f1-*:k.r ~ Jt £ :6t,ff. ~-1-ft., ~ Jt i ~11'1-*;ff
    ' ~~ ~ .£ ri1 .:J#t 1.t *' a'.J ;:fk ;t'f , :!!. ;J:f- ;t ~~ 1f. rfr Jh J:. M it JJiv o "

    20. 1t!l~J\~) L-~M (yl gen jTn)


    ~~AAm~~.~~Ta~$~~~0
    Stubborn; rigid .
    ( 1 ) ~ 3t ::t iJi. : "A. ~ iJi. ;®. ffi.. :t- ' ~ Jl * Jf17
    ~ ' ~~ ;r; *f 17Jf ~ ' ~~;it Jl iJi. ;®.

    ( 2) ::t-sR 1t ~ ~ M ~ - .f~ m, 11!!.-*1t ~ -f 1t Z- , iii~ J3 1] ~ iJi. Jilt 11!!. , iJi. ~ :Y


    ~~){:_ f=J t }J 0

    21. /:JJ'-1'-El~~, t&~~~ (gen) fl]~J¥; (mei wan)


    ~ ••••••1.9: 5t *
    JHtn J1t 1l ;!ItA l¥.1 ~ 1f o

    *,
    Nag without end; incessantly criticize.
    ( 1) tli!.~~H~ iJi.i!.: "-*k 1* .:f: %-i]f ~, Jfti~ T ~ ~ :k. ~jrl1* 5-l.Jt.!"
    ( 2) ::t- *-- r-T- At..t -T- J:. .&~ T ~ *,
    iJi. : "11!!.1rT:t f;& ~~ ~ , ~ JYl.,ff. ;f,t .t~ 11!!.
    *
    1fl ~ ' 4'- *- ~ ~ ;qt tli!.1f1 )_t Jt ! "

    22. i.tftffiJ~ (lion) ~5~~JLM Cmei dlr ge)


    .}G'-;l~;;f~*~o
    Lose face.
    c1) 1;f- -r t1: l!.#ii:J3 JA.;t ;r;~~-.=,
    1 ~1n ±~A.~ J&~5.tJ;tJL4~ 0
    (2) -')\ ;f ;r; ~~/Jl7 ~ ~ ll)t4-~' A. ~~Jt;ff J;t{;t ~A.' ~ ;f,tyt ~ 7t .$- ~'
    *rl1-t!?..1n.M-JJUL, ~:i!_;&.{i~~JL4~ 17~ o

    23. IfFia*lliiQimJLJ$ (wanr mlng) 85)


    ~ J®t- tJJ j:i!!. fMI:;!f; {lf: $ , ilft~ ~ J®t T o
    Risk one' s life at sth . ; work very hard on sth .
    ( 1) 111!.-te. mC. ::JL(f..% faJ .£, ~ T ~ tE.Jl£- ~ $t 1t ~ , .& .:f: ~ kllt JL ~ T , #-
    76
    -f ,!f. -{f.lf- ~ YA #)" % Jt 7 :i!. .*- ~ o
    (2) ;t Yiitf~-!-(l{J4~~~~*- 7, ~*JL.~1f~~tt~M.JL~, ~~*~M
    }i_ it~ 3t j£ J:.1ll!. 0

    (3) -;.t Yi~~~~~~, itt1f11iJ;9#~:WGJJtJL~1i.~B~a

    24. ~~~JJ7-RR~ll~\ (daozizu'f doufuxTn)


    ttPtunJH~.JJ -T-~m~m ~td~RMJ-~!fXo
    Severe in speech and soft in heart.
    ( 1) ~ ~ 9rp iYL tl C.. k -1- 11f it~ ·~ , 4!t i-f~ .1.. 1£ ~ k j;; 7 1i!!-1f1 * a
    7J
    ( 2) JJtJ ;t :#. 1r J:. iYL ~ tt flF -t- .J~ -1- 7 , -!t ~ :#. k 7J -1- 11f it ~ ·~ , J;t. ifi tt 1f
    ~_$ 0

    25. ®7\:'J' (daxiao) ill~i't~W, :&0,.~g)X*$D~


    $~o
    After all.
    c1) :i!.JL ~ Mut. ~ J:.A- ~ k 1:K.~ , ~ k ~J~ ~k -t-1:K.1~PJ'ir, 1.t- -t£:!!. ;L .i.. ~- ~
    Jf] j;; 1#:. fK_ ~ it§ 0

    (2) .1.. 7--k~. 1ll!.m c...1c.~~~*-· ~~~. m c...:k,J,~k-t-;ff3::.1-t¥JA-,


    ~~&*~k.~&.~~~.i..-T~~#A-.1..~~0
    (3) ~:k.:k.iJL: "JL~W,:!a.A--]tf, -k:l± El-=f, 5!t~11l~1tl;;$:J11Jl, ~:!±, :!!.~ _$
    lf-j~~;J\1fl .1.. -1'-.J,}-=j-, k 1 J~ ~;it -1'-Mt,~- a"

    26. OJT®1i'Ji~~1~~~~-7-~HIR (you bfzi you yon) ~


    ~Ptuc&~&~*•#~.m~)m~m~•m,m~~o
    With every detail vividly described (although he has not seen or experienced).·
    ( 1) ~ ~ 1i!?. iYL (iJ ;f: -k k 1fl (iJ , ;ff at fal , ;ff J.t ,~- , ;ff Jf- -1- ;ff Btl (iJ
    *
    o

    ( 2) :WG k :#. i~ Btl ;t Yi ¥J , il:. :#. - iJL , ~ ;ff Jf- -1- ;ff Btl ¥J , ~tt .J{- (l{J - tf o

    21. m~ (guan) A~B~I*I~ (xianshl)


    *'L'!Pt>jfJi!jj! §C.&~:** I¥J4Jo
    Poke one' s nose into other people' s business .
    (1) ~ 5R# JJ 1l ~ tt 1#1 .. , :Wt:.J!.4~.% ~ o-1- ~- *1-tt~~'f, iYL*-~·t1:, k ~
    J£~~~a1ll!.a
    ( 2) PJf Yi 1% ~ ~ ..£ 5l_ -(f. J!; .J~ -1- ' % % ~ :1± -!- ;t ;t ' 1if -!<!H~ ~ il:.1i!?. -!- ' il: 1ll!.
    ~-'f.#- JL 1#1 .. a

    77
    28. n11'J~IJJi11:F~W5L J""E (luanle tao) J'
    t!%~L. N:fffk~, &:ffit~J o
    Be in a muddle ; tum things upside down .
    \1) k:kiJ't,Jg-, ~Y{LT~T, 1~-=f-5-t;tA.~*-. ::t-A.-il!..~.t;tA.JR~/iji, ~

    ~~m*~4*-•~~m~;t%t*o
    z.
    c2) 1~ ~ .xt # fJ~ Jtt:. _r_ A. , 7i -11!!.1n J... flJ.J ;r:: *- T , ~ 1n flJ.J .1.. .r it ~~J ;Y;t ~ ~
    -t-~L T -t-, ltl ~1~;t1~ ;t 2:. 9J- a
    (3) -+ ~.&1~;t + ~ flJ.J ;f-f-=f' ~~;V}G}t ~~' ~-=f;f}G}t~-=f' *1t ~~
    ;r::-~~. ~-T;r::*~-T. ~~;r::~T*?

    - , JF.I ~JHi ii i'li.l i~ ~ll ~I::! J2l ag M lj!f :


    (1) ~*~ A -;&$
    (2) ~1~1~-Tt$ B m;;ft;!JtJ~I¥JM~~
    ( 3) ~~ 1lt 7 fWf;!JtA.I¥1 11: l* c1&~w
    (4) 1~*-~' :::f:ff~J~, D ~iUJmi§:!k
    (5) 1~1m1A, :::f~ffiJi&1f:±~ E ~Nttf!JL:JOO

    =, mm~l§agiiiJi~:li~ =

    ~L * .i(Jjf 9.. ik ~ ;1:~ .t~ 1~ .]f. Jl_C_ JJir M. -*JL~ T ;r:: *- f;


    -Jt-.~Jt~ ~~~flJ.J~~ ~~•;g.* ;t•-T;ta
    (1) H~~ :k $ Wt ~7fT, PJ JJ5~ :::f JR.~ll~llftl! 1fJ s<; ~ r, ~ t5 t5f~ ;&, 1~
    _ _ _ _ _ _{W.I¥1, -1-~ JLit!!.~-¥* o

    (2) iti'6JM!iti¥Jif'FYET*N:ff o M!iJt:::f7fa¥J!flf:$o it:k 7, *P'll'iiJ:


    "f~ 111 r * 1£ I!M~ JL? it ~JR. fif!, 1, :rut! ¥lk tiJ?Jif!, iJt : "f~% :::r- lf fif!, , 1£ !@ 6'~
    iJJ l'iiJ ~ ! " it JZJiiJ : "~~ {~ {fl=tH21£ 00~ JL? " :rut! iJt : ":::f ~~ ~ iJF {~ "" it

    (3) tl!Ef~1-T, ¥it~ 8 ~ :::f§~!E, M!~:WI tE:, J!JL e"J $~:3M!~t11= ~,


    ~~-!E, itffJJ!JL~~ :::f-PJ o

    00 JL, J!:::f~itfill _ _ _ _ _ _ ~?
    78
    (5) § kk$5R ttL±~, Jjjf*$~:k~1fr, 1]' ~~~5R8Jt7f~tL~~f1 00,
    J£ 1fr ~ , fiJ iJt ~ 45 ·· · · ·· :7( :7( ·tt ~ , PI ~ 11!! ffJ /F ilf
    ~~791~"

    c6) ~ ·ts ~ _m w:ff 1~ , if 1-f gm fiiJ T :!@-* *, :!@ iJt 1¥1 a-t rm , :Li!! .~ ~~ xf , :li
    gm ::P ~ -0?. 1i , ~ ffJ :59t ;tEl 1~ T:!@ iJt 1¥1 o

    C7) trJJt.]JJ]JJ*T. 3r:£K~rr!Wi~®*T, re~:l(B"Jtt~t~


    _ _ _ _ _ _ To
    Cs) 31 x~ 1D if5 i±! & ill. , fill ~&t , ~YIP it~ :ff xtt~t ~ * 1~ 1m , 11!! 1i ~ ~ YIP
    wm~~-~~BI¥1~~.* :ff~~m?

    (9) 1$ iU T W ~ 13~ JL, 1i ~ ~ § C. 1¥1 Ill ~, A~ f'iiJ 1t ~, 1$ :59t


    _ _ _ _ _ _:Li!! @1 ~, ~~~iJt, 1JPtJ ~JB~ o
    (10) £C.~JE!!j1i:W!SfL ~iJt~PfllYM, '4:.1i/F1iT, *iU~fflEm
    _ _ _ _ _ _ , ~ Hll ~-% T t£ 45 JiS :iii iU 1¥1 13~ ~ :M·~~, fi!! ·tJJt ~ 1i

    =, JIH~UE: 1¥-.1 WJ iff 5e rot 1:iJ T- :


    (1) A: ~~B"J:k~~~/F_t:WI, 7(7(t£~1T~#J.?

    (2) A: ~*l¥1tt71tfft~~iJt~I¥1/Firf*, it~:m~~. 1$ww~l¥1~


    ~if+?

    (4) A: ~~xt~m~'4:.at, /F1~1$1fJiJti¥11J~~ PI'tS o

    B: {$=f1i~1J~~~&B"JiJt, o (if1~-J6-;fr~)

    (5) A: lf1=:7(t£~r:J~~-tUT:li~$~, iJtttnB"Jatf!*~a"J §1-T$:tt~T,


    Jl[l~l-,
    ~' j;;l.:~~.

    B:~tElEW~~~~~. 0

    (1.i #;- o J:. ;Jt I ;Jt ff_ #;- o J:. )

    79
    (.:i3i91Ji~~JK-f- 7t ~{(:~WI*-, 1i. F7t n o ~jQ 1 4~J&-::t-5Ro)

    ~ *= @*7?~D~~~~~~~?~ffl~.-~-~To
    jfu:9fll1t : JJtll¥1 f-4 :IE 1-T , ff}t ~ ~ m£ -~ JL~ JLo 1tMfJ ~ Yfll iJtf_m 13: ~ ~ *U 1¥1 at 1~
    7o~~~.~·~~m~.~Dn~~~~. ~~~m:IE•~R
    JiJLo
    ~ *=~D~~~~-I¥1~~.m#~~~~~~~~.m~ff~•~m
    fiB,~t~.~D~M~~~-~nnl¥1•0
    jfu: 9fll1t : f@.H9~ JJtl ~ ~ iJt , ~~ _t ~ lllf :ii :* ~ ~ 1f1 tit ~j 7e ~Hm 7 o llX , ~ 5iE , ff!J.
    iA.iP-~iA.i.R~~mi¥1~Yf!l? ;J,sli~mli-T5lt, 1L~JLm~~ 7, Elf

    0t~~~€Hmt~~*~o
    ~ *=~•~*•I¥1.W*~ey~~-·~I¥J.~~Yfll-~--m~~~o
    jfu:Vfll~:~~~~~~~.m·~-~~--o~7~~~illHW*7, m
    80
    **•*•• ~fi·~-~.~#,ft~~-~To
    ~ ~:&·~~~!~=+~~~-7~?-~~-~T?afi-~!
    ~~-:ftfiMo~a~T&X~~~.~--~¥~~&~~.~~~­
    ~~.~*~~.~~~~~Wft·~~ftfn~--o~#ftfi~
    a-;J<@r~:f~~<@r~:f~~' PJt£-~~)3 __t{t~j>·-~ild~o ~:tlf,
    1],5£~):3 t)tj,(ftft{f]#~, 0

    ~ ~: ftJL~¥~ Jj,5£-~8JG1-T 7 o 1J~1j'~ PJ~~-1'~illi ~!tT, __t~jj~ff


    JL~ia\1it11t~*tp!jm, ~~~ftJU~~$JLo ~. :EJMtEIXJtl~T JL-1'
    •ttaftm*m~~.m~•~~ft~ "~*".~mft~T~-5
    'f: , il: fiB ~1?1 ·tm: 1~ ~ 1l f-t JLa
    ~~•=*~m~*•~.-~&__t*~.m•~•~~~~~.~~*•
    ~To
    ~ ~: ni, ~-=~$, m~T JL-i'.o fiB1J~Il41t~*$PifllJ? l~A~&IlJL~JL
    ~-~·, }5i~~&PJT~~-i'"J!JJL~", -1'1:*?, ft.il:f~j£{-!Bo
    tE ft {fJ ~ JLfjj}j ~itt# i1Uf~ ~ ]I[Vi H~
    :EJ\1 o ~ ~ {$ ffJ fi nrt 3\:: , ~ ~ FP JL ~
    __t 7*~f$1f18)t:tlf 7 0

    ~91P.: §~~§~~ __t~~i;t~, ilit&cnf*~ilJf? ~iiJ II}J~JL·WJ~JLP[g, P~fi­


    ~~~~00~~.-*~MW8ttfi7o
    ~ ~:~.ft•~*7.ft~-1'M~~~m~•~•~~m~•. ~~
    •1~m~~, FP*1J~-~~ __t T~t*o
    ~~-:-~ft-Mft~~.-~.:tlf~, a-;J~-~*~~~-~~o~PJ
    fJJjj1J;@7 0

    ~ stE = 1$8JG- a 1'mc;c.-.P[g 0

    1.~~=·~~1*~~-*~~~~at~~~fiM;ttAFP~~-at~~~o
    (sprint)
    2. ~-: ~JI.j§'~J!-9rpo
    3. ~$JL: J51j§~:J:9L
    4. -=~$: ffl:i:t~FP-N~ili-$:~$0
    s. J!JJL~: t§'.hA$J!J~ff!J~ffli9J~Ao C$1tt50

    81
    1. ~U~f~illfr, ~~~lB~~JL~JL (cha dianr jlnr)
    /ft~JJU~, /f:J!;f~~o
    Not very good.
    ( 1) -*i>L f.~ it, it1.rfiJL ,J, *"-, }Jl] ¥1 A.~~·*' JL ~ JL o
    (2) ~JL~~;JJ!.;ff~.~. ~~~~~*,JL~JLo

    2. ~)21~\m (xTn li) k]S~~).!i:IE£JL (mei dlr)


    f>i ::ff tE ~ , /f ~~ ~IE o ;f~LBt a<J J.i1 }it', PI Pl i~ ",t,' £ ::ff JtE " a
    Feel unsure of or uncertain about something. The opposite is "'L' !I! :;ff JtE" .
    ( 1) ~ ~ ~ T - + 1f it , 1."' ;{AJi ~ ~~ ::f ~~ ~ ~ , ~liT Jt ·~ X)~~ JL !
    ( 2) fl!; ~ tB-1~- -i~ , liT -;:t ~tl fl!; 11'1 ~ i_ # fi!; "~? fi!; ·~ Xi~~ JL a
    (3) ~ ~ ~ i~JL.ti- 101 :it:kt, liT~·~ X;ff ~JL, :kt- /t. ~.M1f.~~ -ilL ¥1 o

    3. Jj\59l~i'f§~~ (you t6unao) ~~~


    ::ff § c a<J _± J.i1 5fn MH! , 1~ Jt~, I~JL
    Have brains ; smart .
    co ~-;:t!)rpJt-+;tr~nm¥JA., fi!;;;r:~il:. a c.¥J-kJL-*-T-JJ~#1~-.o
    (2) ~Jti:.A.iAJJ, ~.fu¥J-M-.Jclt~i~;ff1t~ ~Jim, 1~::f T *-*o
    ( 3) }Jlj A. iJ:.1;f- f 1t ~ 1t- ;it f 1t ~ ' ~ tB. ~ ;:f tB. ' 1t- ;ff i~ ;ff ~ JJ~ ~')\f?

    4. =f1t~$ll1\mf§~ (xTn li you shu)


    'L'!I!~nL ::fftE~o
    Know fairly well ; know what' s up .
    ( 1) ~ tB-1t- 11'1 E. -iiz *- -* T Jijlf- - r ·tt or.. , ;t ;t fiJ ~ Jt ,-t ~ w• , 1~ fU ·~ 'f
    ;ff zfto
    a
    ( 2) ~ xt 1;f- .-t ~ #- , 1;f- E. -iiz C. }JJ: -1- X ;ff zft , f "~ "Jf A. ~ ¥1 ?
    (3) fU ~-*11JJ~JL.t~, .-t ~ .t~, ~·~X- jU~zfto

    5. ;J 'S9l=$)~1$!Im~~...t:UU (ban shang ding dTng) ~$


    $'1tBt£1Er*, /f11Ji&5to
    Fixed ; that' s final ; unchangeable .
    ( 1) xf ~ *'- iJL , .tf ~;g. IE7 ~ 51 e... ~ Jt ;f,&. J:. 4T 4T T , fo]f v:A ~ ::f Jfl i" ~~ 1£. ;Jt ,y,
    82
    .1\ .:L1'f 0

    ( 2) ~ £ ff.J -.= ~ ~ 5L ffi- ·*' * ~ ~ , 11~ ;it JL#L.l:. 4r 4r ff.J -.= T , ifi -1t iJt..1t :2. ~
    RJflT o

    6. ~_t-t-~D::*:~ilt1J'Jmtiit:K1!H~ (xie tion xie ell) 3


    =~~ 1it "* $ 0

    Thank one' s lucky stars; feel very fortunate .


    ( 1) ::t- nt iJt.. : "1~ ~ 31 ;r;: * 1!~ ::f: Jt 1t :2. :k. i'Jl M , ~ ~ 1-tt ::f: ~ ~ 1f1 ?$ At 3:l ~
    1f1 iJG if.t 3Z. 1M" Jlk. T o"
    (2) ,J, 3. ;:;t YL ~ *- T , iJt..: "1M" 3Z.1M" Jlk., <if~ 1;f- ~ *- T , ~ li. v), ;h 1;f- ;t:: ?it

    1. ;J\s~~iB~-3=-~ Cc:Jizi boo)


    lHlf1/F:tlfo
    Have a poor foundation .
    ( 1) ~ .Jtb ~ !£. ~ ?!.\- ~ 31 -1R- i 1l *·, 1 lf-101
    ~ :k. 'Jl&. .::r Jl ' 1~ ,7iJf Jt .:L 1'F /F ~ 1!_ 0

    (2) ~1n T Mtl ~*, ;ft;j(.A-~ ~-, A.::r Jl, ii-5~41"~~}] ~ ~~;tr. i'Jl Mo

    8. ~~~J L~::f...t. (gE'm bu shang) 3


    ttJJUJd.t, rt FP~/F3mJJtlA o

    Cannot catch up with; cannot keep pace with.


    ( 1) 1-tt kA-i- {f<_ •tic , ~ k_ 1-i-·ti. , 5l ~ :j- ~ Ntlli , fojf vA ~ Nf<_ ;:f: J:. ~ o
    (2) 1-tti#-7t.JL~, ;it1f-~JL, ·!il~ff.JiC.$-li.ltNtl;t::J:., ~~~o
    (3) ?=J fltff.Jcf*~£Jili&i&Nf<_;:f: J:. ~ J*.. M_ ~ £Jk ff.J 1!; ~, fojf vA1-tt- ~~;it-!­
    T4*~~f1 a

    9. 11TIW1':$:i3t (xia benqian) BSJ


    ~T~#§~%~~~~~~-~~~0
    Spend much time , money or strength to achieve one' s aim .
    (1) :k.~~iJt.., ,J,J..;hT~31#f:it>, i!fl~Z.:Ittff.J.:r-1'f~::f:~T, ~%1-i-r
    ~~0
    c2) 1;f- :t:: Jt ~ * iil-iR. "l!j ? ~ ~ *- Rlt <if :t:: -1-r , ~ ~JI.li! li ii1 -iR. , 1* it 1-i- -r ·*- ~
    ~' ~*~*~4flt·,~~*~k~*£o

    83
    10. ~~~~Qf/f~lSt~m (shuo zhe wan) ffiJ
    3fm~, /G~Jta<J o
    Joking; not being serious.
    ( 1) :kt 3t 3t 1Jt : " ~ $ii 1t~ {!!] -.'f; Jt ~ 1Jt ::l »t {!!] , 1~ ~ .J!- !:t 9.. T? ~ Jt ;JJ:-1~ ~
    ~11-f o"

    (2) .oc{f.oJ<-~~##~, Pf~nE:.-!-ntoJ<-, ~Jt#:I&-!-, ~Pf~JtiJt::l»t{l!J!


    ( 3 ) -Jf iJJAt {!!] • ~ 'f 5!. iJt ::l »t , ~ -f- iJG .J!- -T- , Jfi1 Jl ~ -T- :kf a

    11. .R~~~~~~~' ilmi3~~ (z6 guo mai tie) #;ill~~


    ~~re~a~~a<J~~*w•*ili*o
    Put all one' s money towards something; give away all one has (money) .
    ( 1) + f,f:i ~:!!. ~ .£. 5!. ;;pr 4~ , ~ ~-!- ;t ~ , 'f ~ 4!HJt , iJG Jt »I!~ ~ <i.t ~~iii
    * ,J, m{!!] ~ o

    (2) ;;t-~1X.: "~~4=-Jt:il!:.a{f.J, ~Pf~:!Jt11}, :4--+~T, »!!~~~~~

    12. /9 J"iE<~#;1rJ~I:±:i~ Chuo chuqu) J"


    ttc~L.,1It7c, /G'!i{:f{llJ 1-ttfr o
    Go ahead regardless ; be ready to risk everything .
    ( 1) ~ - 1i:. iA. 79 ~tl JJlJ A.1t 4~ Jt ~-!- Jift {!!] • , ""iif JJi!.. {f. ~ {f. Jt 5!. ;;pr ~ *T , ~
    ~~-~-:}T,~~Jift~~Jift~{l!J,~~~-;i"~Jt~~~{l!Jo
    ;;pr
    ( 2) •J' .L Jt 1-- J$..1!., - 11Jf1Jt )t_J$.. J:t. ~ , ;f/L 1Jt : "~ S ~ -:} a)1 ~ ...t .f)I. , ~ *-
    1-¥- ;t ~ Jh J$.. 0"

    (3) ~111 ~ T -f *-~~ JJL;;pr -#.i:l:L4t, ,J, *-;ff .~, ::t ~~~iJt: ";;t-~ ~ ~~~ -fr
    "ilr, ~;i- 11~ 1ns ~ *~, mc. i#-i:t-!-, 1~1n ;t .~ ~ :tf?"

    13. tffi1.R1' (hao nl ge) ~~


    !iff$1- · · · ·· · iJi iE Jd5tJ.tt ¥tl x-t:n 11~ ~ , 1~ ~ ·~ o 9. 1± xtm 9=' J1L

    *
    Little does the speaker expect. It is only used in dialogue.
    ( 1) ~~;;pr .~, ~ ~ * ~iJt: ":kf1~ + ~~ f! #§j~~ ~ *- {!!] ftl-A,- *-1~ 7[%
    ijf ~ o"
    ( 2) ~ ;t JJL ::t- A!.*- T , ;fJL ~tl-ftt -Jf »t 3t 1Jt : ":kf 1~ 1-- ::t- ~ , _. #J[ ~ T ~ ~ % i]f
    ~- jt' Jt~Jt·~~-!-1~ ~11-f?"
    (3) -1o7-:WhX.: ":kf1~1--'J'5~, ~4~:tt4~fU~=*...t T !"

    84
    14. ~Wifflti'SJ (zhen you nT de)
    -#•~~.~~~mA~-~~••~mw,~B~o
    It is an exclamatory sentence . The speaker sighs with feelings, such as admiration,
    praise, or criticism.
    (1) 1~-f--A.#.{t T r;tif--+1iir? .A-;ff1~¥J!
    ( 2) jk_ :t .:r..-ft ~ 1#:. ' •.ttl ~ _:f. ~ *- ~ ' -A- ;ff 1-t- ¥J !
    (3) .A-;ff1~V-J! 4~~*7 -=-.k Ttl ~iE~~i!L

    15. 3X11'1M"D~WLOzJ"' (chTie) ill:::SZJ~e~-s (de kuT)


    IJZ7······1¥37 ~j;; A ~ft A :/JOOPl:?, ~1~~0
    Suffer losses in A; or, suffer losses because of A .
    ( 1) .:£ ;t- 9iJ1 iJL : ":!It V-J ~ -:f: r9 $'-1~ -M , 1.1'1 Jt.$- ifr ~ J:. -jp >1:. T ~ ~ tk ~ V-J ~ o"
    ( 2) VA tW ;fJl & -f" V-J af 1~ , .ftt 11t :it t f~ A. V-J ~ , Jijf VA JJi!. $-.ftt ~ ;fi'J 1-t .ftt 1fl V-J u- ,
    1-tt'T ),§ $ Jrg,~,JL~ tl ~-i-tj{.o
    (3) k ~ i>i.: "$. -iJ: 1~ 1 J"~- .~- JL, Jk..·h~ 1~ vt T ~ t-- ~A. V-J ~, ~~ ;ff iJlJ V-J

    16. i~1t~tll1''§~li.}~~jg Czou) 3X{i'1B~~m (laolu)


    ~ :!t Q.{ 1W ~JJtl A EJ91MI: 1! o
    Follow the beaten path .
    c1) 1~ -.t -.t m$- V-J ti- -r-1~ ~ ;;t .ttl r , 1~ ~ Jt. ~ 1Jt Jt 11)?; V-J ;t- ~ , ;weAl J.Jdt $-
    1t**~ jJ 3J * 0

    ( 2) VA tW ~ --'f J5J .i.. .:X_ , f- -Jtt f- 3:-+ - f-- ;f-f- , J)t $- $. 1f1 "[ ~ fs~ k_ :it -!- V-J ;t- ~ ,
    JJH-f- Jt. ~~ ;ff if:-M t:l:: ~ V-J a

    17. ~~/j\~qJ:::f'~ (bu shl) 1'!§'583 (sheng y6u) ron (deng)


    ~-~-~ ~~~~~~M~#m••~o*~~~o
    (Someone) is not easy to deal with, trouble some. It contains a derogatory connota-
    tion.
    ( 1) -=-. J}I ~ JL t-- ~ -1~ -r- , .-t- t-- ~ Jt. .11 i41 V-J :kr , -=-. k r;ti 3k lijij :f: , ;t- 9iJ11n - .it
    ~-=- ;~).£;1,/(. ~ ~ 0
    C2) JJ~ .-t- ;t- 5R Jt. If *- V-J ffi- ~ , 11)?; <if ~ Jt. t-- ~- 541 V-J ;tr , JdJL --R Jt. t-- ft *- , <if
    iii~~~~ 1-tt 0

    85
    rtPtu*iJ\1~ T~?to
    Receive a zero (goose egg) in an exam.
    ( 1) flk, ,J, at 1~ # ;r:; ~ ?fr J]. , % ~ "fflG ~ Jl. »t JL, ~ i#.. ff.J at 1~ ~ ~y 11t ~
    jjlJ *,
    1!51 Jt -l!!.. j~ y- ~%% ff.J .tr 0

    (2) Jb M..J:. ik~~?fr11tit -w ~* ;g-, 11!!.ill. r l:k ~~- ~~.te.~ ?F ?fr-.ht 0

    19. Iffi{:fi><JUfiJ" J11'~~JWL~~ft~~~'J\ (mei da mei xiao) ttsJ


    xt-tE:¥/Fjc~£, &:tf;:fL~o
    Be impolite to one ' s elders .
    ( 1) ~it ;t l)rp ~ ~ X J;t 1;f-1fLk. JL # , <if flk, k 1;f-18 ff.J ;t l}iJ1 , 1$18 1f 1f 111!.. 11~ ;t l)rp ,
    jjlj ~ *-~~ ,J, ~ !1~ 111!,. ff.J ~ ~ 0

    (2) :k. }J *ll1l!!..%% ;t k 5~ *- ~ J' ff.J ' *!l111!.. %% iJL ~ ;f,t 1~ *!l111!.. ff.J ~ ijf iJL ~ 1J?J.
    I

    ff.J,~A~·;r:;·, 'f111!..%%~-~~o

    20. it11B~~~~~~/f'~t¥JL (xiangyangr)


    ~ ~ B{] ~ 11t mz tt:tr 1¥1 *+ -=r o :tl3 & B{] ~ )ffi~ i~ "/F 1~*+ JL, o
    Up to par; presentable. The opposite is "/F1~~JL".
    ( 1 ) ·t:k: fU .;t Aff.J i\.. -t- ~ !:E. El T , 111!..18 .tr Jt=. ~ ;t A 11- -1'-1~ i-f JLff.J !:E. El -'t- ~ o
    ( 2) ;t ;k.. :k.. ~ fU JJi!.1f_ , e., ~ 1t 1¥- ;r:; 1~ i-f JL T c
    ( 3) 1.t ff.J ~ 1iJ 1f ;k_ ;y:; ~# JL T ' ~ ;y:; ~12 J' ijf !:E. 1iJ 1f-.ht 1 0

    21. 3$t1~5ff Off ( shu6 de hooting) ~) L~ ( shl) 1m±~, i)t ~ 1'5ff Off }jijC ~
    (shuo de bu hooting jiu shi) 1' "11~) Ln"
    w•&~aA,~·~&~aaB m~¥A~¥$~.ffl~*B{]W~~
    A, ffl/F~*I¥1W*mJ! Bo milfA~~~~B{]J! Bo
    A is a nice way of putting it, B is a more critical way of putting it. In fact, B is real-
    ly implied.
    C1) it fU JJl!__ff. ff.J - Jl.l:. * -1~ -r- , ;t ~it iJt : " ik. J!:!:. * 1~ -r- , iJt 1f -.ht 11Jf k .'$ ~ 7t
    ~.~if;r:;-.ht~4k;r:;~Jt.*~k~•.~••~mgff.J~a.~*

    (2) ~ ~~1-tt18 ifJ2J o-r- JJl!.-tf.~-tf. ~# :t ~, iJt1f-.ht 11Jf JJ~ !1~ r ~ , iJt1f ;r:; *
    11Jf 4 k !k_ ll:.. 0
    ( 3) 1-lt M.. * ~k;ff 1t ~ iJi. 1t ~ , ;r:; 1f jjl] A~ ;r:; 2t 11Jf , iJi.1f -.ht 11ff 111!.. ik. k ±a -f. ,
    A Jt , iJi. 1f ;r:; -.ht 11Jf "fflG k ;ff ·*- JL 1£ a

    86
    22. ~~1'l.R{J'J~Oot7'6 Cyou yonguang)
    xJl~, 5/QJ WT$!fm1I!:ff~~JJ o
    Have foresight, farsighted .
    ( 1) ~ in 1;f- 1fl i2tAt .:tt 9? :i!. 1-- .:r..f'F -1-- JtAf Htl JG , JJ. {f. .:tt 9? ~ ~ 13L ~ *- ~ ~ ,
    .:r..'f--t.~;ljl~~ 0

    ( 2) .$Ucib M# J51l 4f Htl JG , M!. .#i- -1\ ~ ~ -iUlL& Jt 5t.{:t_ :t 5t. -Jet :;;t , -1\ ;WG ;r:: -1-t o
    (3) v~ ~ ;f: ~--k.Jj; -Tt~ Jf3 JUL~.. .R t~;.f-~ ~, ~,(f. 4f .~. JL HtlJG ~ -k.Jj; -T ~t~
    ~~~.M!.~R~:i!.~~~~~-A~·~· ~·f.~~~~*-o

    23. U:U~JJ 1*~ Cdo boopiao) ~


    ~~~$-~~~~.:ff~m~remo
    Vouch for something; guarantee .
    (1) flJJ.k11t.X.k-:i-t~1,t.~, -1\ Pfv~tr1%#-o
    ( 2) -1\ 1f1 ~ r ~ , ~ _i Jt - ~j,f. ~ , 11f ;f} -t. Jt ~ {~ ~ , :i!. -1\ <if v:A 1fZ- 9l -t Ji!!. j{;J
    1~ -!,.,- 19-. '!?
    I~ 1 .J ~P'J'- '71' 0

    ( 3) flJJ .k ~ 1q-it 1;!11!. ~ .~ z. :f.f , -1\ Pf ;r:: ~ tr 1% #- o

    24. ~jUIDJBJLWID.!BJL (zou dao nor suan nor) D~


    ~m$M~~~. ~~~Nft~~.~~~~-0
    Proceed without a plan ; improvise .
    (1 ) ·tt iJL 3t 1-t. j~J:k: T , ffi ;lJl ~ it ~~J ~ ~ ;r:: tf JfJ T , -1\ :;;t ~,(f.~ ;r:: tildK 1t Z.
    it ~~J T , if!. 1;!1l!.:Bi~ $.. !!.1t Z. :;f , ~6111'1 k_ftl PJJF JL Jt=. PJJF JL ~e. a

    (2) ,(f.-:!- M!. ~ ~ ~ J:., -1\ •u JR 1R- ;r:: ~ , ;r:: 1;!11!. ~ 4f 1t Z. ~ jfl, 'J' .l. :;;l -1\ 11~
    :f.f-T , Jt ~iJi.: "J51] t}l .~ ~L ~ T , k_ftl o/J~ JL Jt=. o/J~ JL , M!.~ ~ ~-{}]~-Jet
    ;j;,, ~;f: ~ ~~6J1fl-*~j}.i£:;o"

    25. ~~*~U~t~?~ (lao mdnyuan) l]tltfjj


    ~ ¥U Jiti A ~ J1f
    Be blamed.
    *, :l:ll! i'~ o

    cn 1.r. ~ .1t ~ ~ *, 11~ 1.r. ;it * ~e. , ;r:: it • 1.r. ie-1£ , l!. .1t 1;f- me.. ~ '* x. , .1t
    -M-Jt~~~-1\a*'·-1\;r::~~~~o
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    87
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    88
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    3~A-' liDl-/F f~ o
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    ______o (~'t T ······~~)

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    E3 lliD ~ Rdt Z. o

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    5. J\.lVt: ~~ PJ~IL *t~ o
    6. *ffia. (
    bionji) : editoro

    1. ft111,~w~if'il 3-0~ (songle yl kou ql)


    :IJY>L' ~
    :JJ.kf'~ o
    Relax a little or loosen up.
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    2. __t57~8~Ai5t. (shuo) ~we (jiu) ~


    91
    Do something as soon as one mentions it.
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    3. )XJJ:tB -:f-8xtt~lli'l1tq~~~~ Ctuantuanzhuan)


    ID ~~F 1it ·tt ~ lf ;ili, 8"1 ¥¥ -T o
    Run round in circles; pace about in an agitated state of mind.
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    raJ rt ~ 1n o
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    ~~ 1f ;;t *- Iii Iii # o

    4. xxJ2:2:..i2Hffi$~ Clianzhouzhuan)
    EJ JC~J::;f{~' :i!lf{~f{:;!Jt$o
    Do something day and night.
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    *7 0

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    5. 1t~$~~~~~JL (y6uzhe dianr)


    C1i~t~$) :;f~Mlt o
    Take things a little easier.
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    6. ftJX*~~~~~t& (jiochang bianfan) j


    m~I! ll ;m , ~I!~ 11t , :;f ~~ JilJ 8"1 * 0

    Common occunence ; usual practice .


    92
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    *-~*-0
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    3:-, ~:;lt~5:.~o

    7. fl=~fl~~J Lff Ckai) 51~&$ Cyeche) !JGJ L1~ttJ


    ~JE/FIIjJitf*~- 0

    Bum the midnight oil; pull an all-nighter.


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    8. fl=~fl~~) LH 51~&*-mJLiltl.~ Cw6nr shlde)


    {~t%JL-~~:f'~" ~~ o
    Do something easily like playing a game .
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    1t~, ~ 0

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    1t~, ~ 0

    9. ~0,.-ill~:f:i:!~JL* (xie bu guo jlnr lai)


    f*,~,DJ.m~~/Ffi~*::l., tiL~ "~/Ftt*" o #L0t~~}iiHJt "~tt~JL*"
    ~ "~tt*" 0

    Even after a rest one is still exhausted. Also, "Iijj(/F n*" . The opposite is "Iijj(
    :tl~)JJL*" or "~it*".
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    JL *-, J'Jf ~'~4- *-~ ~-* tl:: -i-To
    (2) ~ 1!1ttn\, Tif1-tt!,1Jl~T -1.\twJL.l.Jk.limJL*- To

    10. ;ff,)\-ie!*-ieP.R (yl ba shl yl ba niao) till!8~11J1lltltl\:/f'~~


    tt.~ CX:-BJ) ~lf JL3c~~#$1i:r o
    (Parents) undergo hardship and sacrifice to raise their child.
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    93
    ::f> J.lli i%< , /f> it 'If :EJIL
    Unjustifiable.
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    ;r:; ;fJL, k -i>i. ;r:; l± -!- T o
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    1~ ' ~ ;y:; -!- ;~ Z- -i>i. f;f l± -!-o/t. ?

    12. ~a*Dz (chT) J'"l'-l~l'lll (b1mengeng)


    t[j llitr 11t 1E! £-(g :itH1 , ::r> ~~:ill! o
    Be denied entrance from someone' s home.
    co at~~* m-!-1-lt ~ it-1-tl!., 5~ ~.fu "t T + ffi n ~:, ~-ll.A!i. ~ o
    ( 2) 1;f- ;f,t .lf..._ -Pt if R 1-lt , ;1:~ 1-tl!. , A ~ 1f. ~ .lf..._ $-A , 1;f- ~ ;r:; ~~ ~A ~ vt ffi f1
    i:~o
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    Z- :ff ?"

    13. WL~t&J+tl"~ (dul) ~AB~~D (weikou)


    ~$4mmit~Jdt9~MlL -mw. "'* ~ o, 0

    ( Something) to one ' s liking . Also , "-ir ~ Cl " .


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    ::t" ;t_;k__g_~x._:W!,o
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    1ffoo"
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    ;fUfl o

    14. Qrld).rc51tM~~~tTl'=¥ (da xiashou) ]'"


    ift /f> 1i ~ 1¥1 ~ WJ 't1: 1¥1 I fl:: o
    Act as assistant or helper.
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    Z- :ff?
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    ~ ..1- -k ' ' "G1 _;;>:. §rk w.:,.. l 2:-- ..t --,:- of_ .i; "' .:.:>-.
    :.r ~ ' 1=1'- ~..01:... :Yt. '"' ~"' /'- ~-1T ;· ~. ' *~ k
    frk
    YP o

    15. uJ~:.X~~x~~~ (you dang die you dang ma)


    94
    Be a single parent; raise a child on one' s own.
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    ~-%- 11~ ~i7t:R-Alt -f- *A. -t a{J ~~a
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    A1x~±o

    16. ~milE (hoi shuo ne)


    ~~~*m, *~~~A~~~~~~-~~-,~~~•mo
    It is used in conversation and means do not talk about that.
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    ~1-fR..1o"
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    : "~, 1.t-.-t. ~ :;r: Jf }1jS ~,t-=f 1 ?"
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    i>L ~g -=f k #i, :;r: ·U:. ~ Jf o "

    17. A~M (du1) 1iRJ&~~ (you) ~ns~ (ylsi) DIE


    ~(~Al~·· -~~~~~Ao
    Like somebody or fall in love with somebody.
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    :!3: :t M--1.t- tiL?t o "
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    1e. afl ~tt {JL !1ft. ? "

    18. 1ffl~~RNA~ffi J'lMiiRiWLH~~Hl (do tu1tanggo) J'


    tt Pjrj~ JIJ ffi XtfWt ~ )I!Yf 5f!J :5fJt
    Beat a retreat; back out.
    * ~;®jfa a

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    (2) *i]-$--Ji:.!i,
    1
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    ~5litJ-+.tr~~·=~~~~. ~~}A., ft~~~*~~~~
    11'1~-$---? Jt 1, JJrJ -k 1 o

    19. J21'~EI3QJ!U:i1'1±D!Il (zhan bu zhu iiao)


    95
    Jll!m, ~~, x.ru,~~~~~JVt.lLo
    Untenable.
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    -~t~~~~. ~5911..#-~-a~T+~~.:I!.t«~A..#-~at~
    :i!.lt1ft ·f}c 0

    (2) .£ ;;t- 9ip iJt.: " ~ 59 *.. ~ ~ :?tf, ?J[ vJ, 1;f- ;f/G 51. -* J:. ~, :!!. 2. iJt. -;if 9:,5 ~
    ~~a"

    20. -1'-*i§t:l::l~ (banlu chujia) B~lj\~~


    9=t~BJ(~It'F a
    Switch to a job one was not trained for.
    ( 1) A ~)t -t f1 ~ i~ ~ , hl 1 J' M;£._~-YJ, i~~-*- ·*· JL ~ ~ iJ o "f 11' .£)t
    -f.~ tB?Jf v~ f T ~ jt· ~ JL o
    ~,
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    -Qz_ -T-31L~ 0

    21. RJJUgjtt~l& (zhao meiqu) s


    -tf1 iJl "it&~" , 1/J § c. il: § c. Xft ~ ' & :ff 00 -T 0

    Ask to be snubbed. Also, "it&~" .


    *
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    _Ejf_J; me.. m.t:J{.il.~o
    22. WL/F~882JJ (da) -~-:f:Wi~JL (guanggunr)
    fiX :if )d:f iii~ 1: ~% 0
    Stay single ; remain a bachelor.
    ( 1) ~~59 JL -t- ~ -*~ :f 51. jt· .it.~ , ~ ft_ JL -t- .tr 7G :fi,'b JL , :W!, ;f/G N: 1~ xt ~ ~ Jt
    . *~XXo
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    ?Jf ¥~, .tr JG;J:tUL ~A~ jt· o

    - , 1* ~1m~ 1' 1m i.Jrl ~3HF-JiiD i~ :


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    96
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    m~•.•~~*~~.~~~~~~*~~~.~~-*o••~
    tktiH~T, itT-~&:@, 9.~{-tkiEJC.-.lE~T~~o

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    ~~J&jJ 0

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    {£ fiiJ -~~i-t u :;!ik yfj ~ {± Jl!li 1¥1 0

    it~# ~i±.m JL
    iJt ::f: :!±.-!- -~fill-~~

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    ~)~§~: "~~.~~ifL~~~~N~.~~-.~~~.~~~M
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    i1~-*p~o"
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    ~~m.-~~if1~~.~~·*00W*~~~~I¥J%~.~~A~
    7t 0

    (6) :l>JT@I~:tt~. IA1n-~=1?l ______ , ~-=fJlfiE:tfl11W


    %T I , :flf!:;g1R1lti¥J~i*@l~-* To

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    ru;? {$s"Jm~IXJH£-}~JL, ~{fJ I¥1~1$8Jt~I9Y T ?"
    97
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    ~.~~~-~.~ ~~0

    .::. .. :ft PX; l' wa9 x'.t ~ :


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    B: --------'-------0 (at.JL1~~)

    B: ~JtL ______o (iJL A ;r,t A)

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    =9:" JL: o C:1i. iJL%)

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    A: ~~ iJi*, ~~~'l'l:fto

    (6) A: fttlt~f~*~JLrl§:fll;UL:!l T, 1!!~ J!!tE~HI~~njliiJ? 1~PJ ~ffl~


    ~~~f:io
    B: _ _ _ _ _ _ o (Jt~o)

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    B: /F Hl¥11~iJL ______ vt ltl n ~)0 (

    (8) A: Jj\5-l(, 91~1-"~~~*t~{~, o (_xt A ;ff~~~)


    B:m*~~T.fi~J!!*~~~.~~.A*~-T~=~To

    98
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    :fF?R 0

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    To 7f~il'~1fJB5:ffi~(%~1~, Ri*-tl1.~7fT, re ~~~-~~*·
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    ~ tf ifL lifti ~ ~ ::k:Xt ~ JLo
    1j\ )WJ: ~1'-$JTJl~fi\jt, f~:ff =
    -+~~:fJ*PE.? nT JL*-+1-- J~-1'-$ At~
    *-f~TT o
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    ~~@!*, N~~~lmPE.?
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    JJU ~~xlJ iitl r -ff ftMi'HI£- ~ t1i ~ , ~fl~ ** P§ ffJ r 8JU~ :f5U LT o

    99
    ~ ~=-~"~~~a~re*",ey~~~r**7~m.-~*~•&
    Jf , mt~:f~ ~ ~ i1R i! :f~ 11~ ~ i1R irs , * 1k JL itt~ 3f ~ ti:Htl!. il.ifFi .m ~ a9
    {f~~o
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    *re~mrey~~7.~t¥Jr~•*•~~. ~m•~.•~~
    !'17o
    ;J\ ~ = l!ffiJtxrJ&tir*1mfnwrffiJrr**~w: oK tq}~T-Il-Tli<, JJ~~~ta~
    •t¥J~•~~~*7.~r*~~•-•o
    *~m=*~7o~®*~*m*,IA•~m~*•T. m~m•**•
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    f=¥Ji&~-T!
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    ~t£~~~~¥~:ffftJ!.fi'J~l¥J-*,jl§;•~~o
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    1. ~~: ~~*l¥J~Ao
    2. IS l¥1~*~817~*: ~-W,~its{J~IS l¥1*1ffl11Jf!ii~mey ~jk~a{]*lffl o

    5. {8 ~: J=t::ffl"~o *7T>~i!Al¥J~~o
    6. :ft~ ( ch6) JL: ~J;it,:f~-=B:W a
    7. rM: ~JEm~*Ift:o
    8. :9'cl.rl¥J~B, *~7: ~mi-B", t~IIHtr~~*Ro

    1. ldJF3U~~ll:l:i~~A\l'B~f*5J (laodiaoya) j
    100
    Em at !'BJ ¥: j\ Wilt IS , t!~A~ Em at liiJ j\:@ W1t J§'" /f. ~it>l-T o

    Very old; out of date ; obsolete.


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    {~~~ffi-f1~a9o
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    . ::f!il11~ ,
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    ..IJ

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    ~~ 0

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    -t-&JtJla9 at l~l o

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    ~$. mo
    Completely; all.
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    ~~5l;ff~o
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    3. ~88J~~-=J-fii!Ltli:~IB~~~~illmJ~1' (bu) :1\:Xi~JL (du1i1nr)


    /G irm _ ::;r- iE 11t ~/G iff H!l o
    Not right; abnonnal.
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    4. 11]=!*-!gL*, 2£i}E~ff~ (zou yucmwanglu) o~

    tm~~wm:®$~~0
    Take a roundabout route, or detour.
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    -f.£.;ff~~. mJk}~~A, k..-~E~-. ·~~~k~A~~o
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    101
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    IPJ -,-<ftp A , -tf1 i3t "- ~ ~ ~" , *:ff !J!t x o

    The same mould. Also , " - ~ ~ ~" . It contains a derogatory connotation.


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    ~~,:kt~%%Jf~W%-~~-~~o
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    :t ;f_i J:. ~ ' {fl ;f._ /f. *~ 111 .:r.. A. i>i 1# 0

    6. ~§ll~@§U~xU~UI -!J::1lli1rJ~-~t&~ (zuo yl tiao bandeng)


    :fl.~ , x.Yt~- *l , *:ff !l!tx o

    Of the same mind. It is used in a derogatory sense.


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    1t J:. 0

    -7. ~~Bt*D§{I'JIWC59:~JL (mei jiur) j


    *~lit~~. ~~~:f~--~~0 ifEINEI'9~1~H3t ":ff~" o
    Cannot be saved. The opposite is ":ff~" .
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    JL To
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    .t'kJL To
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    ft;bj ~ nJj *a''
    8. 7\1Y<J LU£~~~~1'C:IJ1lli5Ef5~~8~Ht~t§ (hulu li mai de shenme yao)
    Or.;A) :ff1t~mi*~1'JJf, m~-T1t~o
    What has someone got up his sleeve? What are his intentions?
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    ~;t;t~.~;t;t~.~/f.~1-lk.tArX~A~~1tZ-~a

    9. {g~~~_t~ill:~AE~~ (kan z6uyan)


    102
    See wrong; misjudge.
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    11 o

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    -=r :i± 0

    10. OJTi~xu~ur ~1ill11'1~ifrr ~:ts~:t.u oK !0Mi"T-a~J5Q (pengle vi bfzi hul)


    ~f§:~o
    Be snubbed or rejected; meet with a rebuff.
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    ~~.~~~~~~*~;~~~--k~aT-·-=f~. ~~~~~
    -flt-it- ~ *- k 0

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    11. ~~m~ffi~~ (poi mapl) ffitB-~ttlOZ::t:HJ"


    :JgT :IEJIJ~ff! 13 1¥r~7fUJtlAo
    Lick somebody' s boots ; flatter.
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    Jt ~ J!l ~ ;fj[;- ~ 0

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    q:, 1~ jt ~ ~w *-.ti~* T a"

    12. ~~m~lli~JEEffitB-~ttlllZ~tf (chT bu kai) j


    ~ f!H~ 7* ~~#A /f> ~ ~ :if!L /f> ~ ~ x o !fl3 BE Em tt Ji!!, iJt "nt 1~ 7f" o
    Be unpopular; won' t work. The opposite is " pt 1~ 7f" .
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    :i± -k :i£ 1-T ' JYL {f. vr vt :f: -;1f- r 0

    103
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    1

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    ~t:l::~~a1A#d-&i~ J ~1-:¥-o

    13. ~} ±f=i'IIZ ~B-~ (chT no yl tao)


    ~52{/!B-~ :m: xx~~~~#fttt~ o

    Like or embrace the current way of doing things.


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    14. IAW1:R:m::f:TF~ Ciie bu kai guo) 5'


    1~~, :i!~tNJ¥J~t~~:ffT o
    Go hungry; have nothing to eat; carmot afford to buy food.
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    wr
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    15. Qf 1t911J ~:F. 1\ ~ 1\ ~ Cda yo da rou) :@ ~


    f~*fttff~l¥J*[l!f (±~f~~~)o
    Delicious food mainly meat.
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    ~~:;r:~~1. !Jf~~~A~*~#~+fo
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    "k~, Jl~o"

    16. ).2:.@9&~ ~ (baiiiazT)


    ~·~IJ!ti¥J A, *:ffJi!t)(o
    Spendthrift; wastrel. It is used in a derogatory sense.
    104
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    ~ , 9!t ~ -=f o
    5t.1~ i>iAl!!, ~
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    A#{f.J#~t~T9!t~-=fff.J~*~Po

    17. qU£1lfB=1'Wi}t$i'::f.~ (shu6 ban ge bu zl)


    ~lf'&X>t o
    Object to ; oppose .
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    1--~!f?
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    !f , ~ "ff"Jl..tr !W 1t- if.J Jil! o "

    18. ~=1'~fL~*'3!~~~JL~ (sha jT gei hour kan) D~?


    rtll®f'iHMHIJ A *WE' ~Hi}} Bo
    Kill the chicken to frighten the monkey: punish someone as a warning to others;
    make an example of somebody.
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    -
    ( 2) fl)!.- jfd;/L,.fo r ~ 111 1fl}j if.) ~ 1t , ~ d7 ~ J:. J}_f il~_jlJ -t 73'- 4r ' 1~ 1!. ~ ~ -* J~
    #;-1l_~' i.l: *- ~ JJ' IU ,?i, JL' jjlJ ~ ~1~;5i~ Nit I 0

    19. J:E~Hl (z6uzheqido) 08


    ~##~~o*~~~~-m.~~¥#M*~~~o
    Wait and see. It has threatening connotations or is used as a prediction.
    c1) ,1- )1l9Y -=r --tr ~ :ii 1~ 111 JL 1-- , -&t- Jii.A£ ~II~ , - JtL ~ * 11~ : "1t-1n jjlJ ~ fH-¥-
    *- -f r , *- ~ Mt, 'Y'l ~~ .te:.~ ~~ ;t\ *- o"
    (2) fl!!.1tz~ ~~att-WJ 1!.1-- 5RAWJ *-, ro C.~- 1-- k ~ .1.., ~1t Z. i.l:~ Z. 1-1t
    ~-~-ff.J~R$~*-$~*·*-~-~.~~-a~~~~ff.J~I
    -AA 1~~ :ii *- 0
    ( 3) j£ :if: fiHJt T , 1t-111 I59G ~~~~~It~ ~+f. ffJG jjlJ ·tl.- ~ ~ $: 9.. a
    £kh:~~~~~$:9..%?~%~~.~~~*~~~JL1-~*-T
    ;l:_;f;.' ~ ff)G~*% *-1t-!
    j£ ;;l;f : vro 111 k_ ~ ~' !

    105
    (A 'Q B) L!ru~~ :m A 5fn B ffi~~ A ~T Bo
    A is equal to B.
    (1) :!±-!-1ft~ tf~A..-le,~~- :1r~~.w~~J:.1f~, ~lk~jtB§]x_;;r;;~~
    ~J!t ft i; , ~;g ~:Itt ~j!f 3<.. jt~ ~~.ft. JJ~ , ~ jj :k ~- :Jk: JL jj, :k ~­
    ~li~#Jtl-t'-~ !1. n. 0

    (2) ~Jlt~~jg'/jf'/jf}t li[vA~1f-t~, *.f_li[vAiJL, 't1f1Jt-~2f..!l.-=fo

    21. 1ili~U~~~/f~~i&:IBD§11'Jiml'~:txi~ (lantanzi)


    tt ltfttr ~ ~ r& tit ' ~ if!Y! I¥J fin 00 0

    An awful mess; no way of resolving something.


    c1 ) r ~ ~ J£ ,{£ ~ 4 x. ~ ;;r;; m* , n-
    -"-1n·lffti ·lffti • • , .tt *--"- .m *- 4 ;;r;; ~
    _L

    T o Ui1 ~ ~ #- 1-- :J:ii ~fi -=f , 1-1!!. M1L ;;r;; :1-P !!. ij:Jy\.. 191~ JVF -t o
    ( 2) * *
    at/~ ~ if 5: ;;f 4~At JL 11 7i , #!. ;tt .te. ~ Z.. 1-- 11. -=f 'fJf 1;f;- T #!. ~ r 1£ o

    22. lffi?±ill~~ii (kan) ~tH (buchu) 1t~f§§ (meimu)


    ~ ::f ti:Ek ~ , ~ ::f ttl :;@: ~ -i. o ffi @l. a
    I¥J J.iVitHJl. "~ tB § " o m
    *
    Cannot follow how an affair is unraveling or see how something is developing. The op-
    posite is "~ tf:l 1§ § " .
    ( 1) JL 1-- A..~ ffitl - ~ $Jf Jt JJH~ I!J , !if ;t T 4- ~ , l2E Jt ;t ;;r;; t!.t 1t Z.. Al 1§1 , ;;r;;
    :1-P!!. ~ JL 1-- tf -t ffiU AAL 7F 1t z.. ~ .~ o
    *
    ( 2) at fa] T ' JJJL&. 1fHf_ •[f_ J;t ;t t!.t T .~, JL Al 1§1 ' J'Jf YA ~ :11 ~ * #!.11'1 1WJ ~ 1*
    -1- ~!k ;fij ~ ~ lJL ~ , :k ~ ~ 1it ff #!.11'1 1WJ 1£.- J:k: JL ;#t~ i! o

    23. ~~~l't&l~, IA{I'Jt!JWL~Hft~JL (you pcmtour) 5'


    1f c•·rt rtJM-I¥J:/Jrtl2t~IW) $~0
    Have good prospects.
    ( 1) * -"-11'1~ -*~ ~Ht iJL: ".Jj: -f-11'1 -lt:l± ?>9 lf-;Wt. :k T , ~~" J:.1* ~ •ti:, 1* ;tt
    :tffl)}* JL T o"
    ( 2) it~ ~ 1f- :k 1f- , JJIJiJL Ji ~ T , ;tt it A.. 11~ 7]<. ~ f!J Jfi , ~ A..1ll - ffitl - ~ ;f,t
    ~ *115l9.., ~iJL~ fJ -=f i~:tf- .~, JL fl)}!k JL o

    , mm'ft~a9iiiji-H:Il~:
    i~~JL ;ij"fl)}*JL -JitJMiJL ;;r;;~~JL Jilt~-=f :}:1.*-=f :k~:k~
    ~;;r;;~ ·~I*~1tZ..~ 4T-4-=f~ ~#~
    106
    (l) :i:i-ii:~~~·'P::IE, A~~1~_tBrlJ~, ~~~J£ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7,
    "ilfl!M:tE~#:W**Jf:~7 ft~ o

    (2) ~~llffiJMI!~ ~ _t 7 ~~, :¥Jtm iJ:MI.~:tE 1t!?. Et"1% PJ ~ § a 1(11~1'~


    ~a"JI~,m~-*o• .m~~%ma"JA$1(
    111: ~ V3f1R 'lf o
    C3) ~u ~~x-u :x :x ~~ ______ :it!! Ill:, fm ~ ~ ~~ ~ x. -T x. ~ ,
    ~ ~ ~ Ill: ;l:i 1~ i.Ji fpj, a"J 0

    (4) ~xt~iJt: "f~~@l"ilf 7, *~~lfim~rtH~t~~m


    ~ a"J $ JL 7 , iJt- J£ ~ 1J! 11\ 7! ffl¥ ~ 1~ a"J 12§ XfL"

    (5 ) ~ :tE :¥it ~ :tE 5& ;ft ~tl 16 !k a"J ih Y' T , ~~ x 2fT a"J f. !: :fl #. J L
    _ _ _ _ _ 7, :flBtfiRt~, ~*~f-t:ih~!Jff.rftT o
    C6) - JI:IJ ;J\ Et"1 ~ *-W. ~ ~~~if Et"1, ~ ~ u * 11 * !m me~~ JL 1-
    - - - - - - a"J ~~ 0

    (7) ~~~%JL-=f:ft7~9/'~, ~@1*1-~~1311Z:~~I3JfHt9:1JtliJL, xt JL


    -=f1~~mi, JL'JE~JL-=f~-1- , "ilf~~~ili*o

    (8) ~*~= "ll§fll%PJH~~;fmc~fftli~T, ~~1- _ _ _ _ _ _il


    ~13l&1it1~ T PM?"

    (9) fiR-1rJrgih~iJt, iE*-=f _ta"J*rffl~ifi~7f, })v§lE:tt ili JL~~~:tE


    *_t·*~~~~7.~~m~± , m-=rm--r
    -=fg(fitr*o
    c10) ~ R ~ ~ @I ~J ~ , re ~Eli R m¥1J fi' ~ ¥R: 7 , ~g re ¥R: -r * 1¥1 :tt Eli
    -----~p~Jt!: 7 t)t~tJLJE' II$1®11$1®:lt!! t1t®* 0

    C11) 5E ¥!JI'1 o , fiR Jlt ili HtiJ _t 311¥1 ~ :fl ~~ JL _ _ _ _ _ _ , 1~ *-lr


    ;t£tJ!Mw;J ~~-~- ~ 0

    =, JIH!li ~ El9 iRI m~ iOC :x-q- ~ :


    (1) A: {$~~~:tE;t¥1J? !!t T *1-$;J\at7l
    B: · o ( k. ~ i:I.~)
    (2) A: ~~£!::£Jl!~l81Ji, {$:§J}t-i;;:;J;l(;~Ibi)ti)t, ~Jlt1~~Ib~1- A~
    ~~0
    107
    B: fJG~iJttf1~EJiJt, _ _ _ _ _ o ( -~1Jt)
    ( 3) A : 1$1!131!13 ~ J1! ~ 1" tt :!ttl :ff !'iil ~ , =$ ± 1:E tJUt"J at 119c 1$11'1 ;'G ~ ~~ ~ ~
    tlD~Ilfli[?

    ( 4) :k~ 11~ : 1$ ~ Jil.111?. ~ RHJtl 1l*1L "* :tt!!:tt ~ill.~ , 5'6 t~ 111?. ~ I1Jf 1¥1 tJUL 1D ,
    111?.- ~~fit lf!UL ~'If :§!Jt ')} mt T o

    ~~:~1¥1-~~ - - - - - - ?~f!Gm~~.~~~"*~o
    (;j*~ft't.)

    (5) *~= ~tJHt\'7, {i!?.~~J¥j:!J A, fm~~~A, *:ft;R~&ifto


    mm:
    P3tll£3, x>t~®, o ;$ fiutt) c
    (6) A: JJUiJl.~1$-1", 1$~;WI¥1-M*-1--f!Gill~·ta!
    B: o (k_ft~)

    (7) :flt:flt: fg~~~~~-fJG-ft, fJGtft:~o

    (8) A: ~5-!EIIIDiU~~1t~•~w,? ~QH~!If1t*l¥1~ft~?


    B: o (;$l:I::Al~)

    B: - - - - - - o (&t~--5-)

    cw> ~-T= f!G:~t~~®1$1¥11l~~JUJ:&, ~:Xt~t~mill:~m*, &:trft~


    t!L5U

    108
    ( iJk. Jf: {f.~ J:.i~L~tl ;t ~ ~ ~ -=t- )
    ~~: 51~! ~1$?
    5$.~: ~~! mr~ iU P§ 111 :fEQ;JL:WJLt To nM;, 1$EJ:fl i~ JL2t;fl T, :ft-!f!-UI ~
    1~/F~PE?
    ~~ = JJU~ T, 0 ~ ~M±f~1f=F9E:if'm 1¥1, r9:ttJL~~xmt1~* n, ~~JL ~:t
    mT~111*0~~~~.~~*~•m~*~~?~ft/F#~.a~•
    1$t~&*, x:il'~~.litl T, ~/F~~1±~Fr-U*l¥1iilT- ...t, ft~~~1$M~
    /FlU 0

    ~~=•.am~*Y.~*mt~~$~.~/F.~x~oo*.~/FRft~
    -tl!f~*PZo /F:tt:JHfN~ft\¥?#, ~1$1@.JL~TW~~JLP~o x>tT, ~1~
    -*~~.Lffi:flftl¥1*m%, ~FP:fl$~~*0
    ~~=·· ~MMMT.~~ftffffE.~.~~~·/F~o~-~-~:ft
    *WM,:fl~~m.R~-~a~~To
    109
    5!il-T: ~JLPI!iiJ, ~~~$i3H8To ~111v}0~~-$Et!.m, ~JL@lJ\.*tJEt!.
    ~ft~.~~~.re••~~~T.~~--~~~To~~~m~~
    :tr19!, 1$-t!L~-~nf:.l. 0
    ~~= ~~~fB\1ctl¥1xx*J@~~JL, ~t.J~mXltJL&JiL 1B\~~m. ~JEt~~
    1$ 8}(; JJ 19! T o

    5!il-T: ~:tl. PJJJtlRJ!~~~~~L ~~4ij}j I¥Jm~:f~-~-llfto


    ~~ = ffiJt~, ~~m~:::k~, @I *~~~Jl-T s n~JL T PJt, 0 ~JTiJl1B\4ij~ Ji
    I¥JI~e)]{!-t~l#J:ft!!l:3C:, ~111~~~1$~~ ":mfiLi:~" ~o
    511l-T: ~~? ILt~iJt~~ "~ ~ :!ft" :f~ T, 1$111 IW~, ~~*~ 3f ,L., o ~:tl, 1$
    )tjjtj~~, f*::t"fr ~ !Ef1$1ili!~-:Wo llJt, q)Ti)t ~ Jffif)[ CI-T~~~ T, jlj
    ~ f5l ~ 1t ~ u_g:?
    ~*=•~m~o~~m. ~M·~-~~~m~*·•ftA~~Ta~:tl.
    fiB111*t.!~w~li15'C-t!L U$DJ~ 1¥1 a ~1WiA~~t~ JLX't ~ ~ JL, !lll!!lff~
    ~~~PJfl" S -T- T, ::ktkJLt~ ~ ~1iB1fJ~~iJt -0t WB, &-~ ¥U~1X~iVJ
    ~~~To
    W-T:JhKiCI-T~~fr~::k~TI¥1~m~.m*T~~&$T~?~~~~~
    mmftl!o
    ~~:~mM&~.~ffi~T-ftl!?ftl!~~-m~~@l~a~-m.•~~~
    *93-$' II§* T-0tfr~~_g:?
    5!il-T: t.I~Jtli:l!~ o ~ Mt.l~~ AOO~ JLe~, ~~Jl!l!4.:* ··· ·· ·, ,;

    ~~=PJt.~-mfti!T.~qn:-m~m0mm~m~~l¥1~~•~•*1¥1.~~
    T, JJIJitll§~~~_tfjK~o
    W-T:aAS~!~~~~~o~!Ef~fr~~M~l¥1.-~~~·0
    ~4=: ~ 1$~ 1Di!8Jt17, IW~:X ~r jXj T, ~"ff}t_t 1$t.l~ JL ~1$Ng!@ 1t ~, ~
    ~:W?

    1. jt;fgj: $ ( rp1f) },jtMo


    2. )]{ ~t ~ 7#1 : Xlt }~, ~f~IH~ )]{*
    1¥1 if4 -T , - }~~U L~ BJc ~ o
    3. !!ll!l (rangrang): 1!1ilmJ, ::kfl'ill4~iJto
    4. ~tim:lfAf~@l~: f1tfr§', H:fliffl1~ilmtA, ~~itl~JJl~~ail~1Mtr:!o (~~
    Jtt)()
    s.•~~~*%-¥:mi!.m*Il¥1$~~~.*A&~~¥:!~~~-o

    110
    1. vQJJ2im£F-:§[.¥~~)2i (ban sl bu hu6) ffiJ
    H~ ~Jtu& lf ~ :fliL, r~ lf ~ E(, 1¥1 ~ -r 0

    Listless; have no vitality.


    ( 1) Rltl_ff. IK Bt 1i. 1 p:,lj :F.._ , ++it ;!f ~ ~ Bt ~ "T, 1-t!!. iJi., ;fr ~ .:ft fit~ A lJ~ -t
    ft. ~ ~ #) # -r- ' •\.; .lt ~ Jlll *
    *r ,
    0

    c2) it !r'--1_&. ffi -t .if- .z r*l J~ r -=- -t-- r&. J.J. , .ff *-• #J ;.at 9i!i ~ ~ 1_&. ~ !£. ~
    -tft.~~#J • • %4*-4~.a;frit~*nTo

    2. ft~235®1-ffiw>.B:*, :t~W:ll.!Gl (bu gou yl;:;i) "J


    T-m~. T-:!lfo
    Unhelpful; ungrateful; not a true friend.
    (1) ~~1-tt#JM~. m-tf-1-ttit'tt~M~ff.J~JJJJ, ~~~~~1-tt-.te-, ;t,t::t_
    ~~~~~To
    c2) ::t- .£ ~ ~~ 11k. iJt : "1;F ~ *- ~ ~ ~ .~ r , ~ 1n ~ ·tft ..:r 3t r it- ?t * o"

    (3) ~1fl-b 17fi\.."*J.tk,iJL: ",J,~, .Jt-~~~~~, {~~!r'--~..:r..11p~~ik%a"

    3. ~/f'~~1'± (kan zai) ~IDJ~ffilii1:1Ef _t (mianzi shang)


    ·~(-A) ~W~~ ~~¥#~~1¥1~*W~¥A:!lf~~M-o
    Give preferential treatment (to someone); shows favor (for someone ) .
    c1) 1-ttxt~ iJt: "~~i!:I!.1t •~~ ~~1-f~ .xt, "T ~:fr -tE 17 ~ 1n M~~.if- #J
    1ii1 -1- _l ' 1* ;t,t ~ i* 1-t!!. f:.
    17
    0 "

    ( 2) ".fU ;*. ~ .-t. Z. lE1 • ? it it 1;F ;fr _fE ~.tf ~ft. -:!- #) A #) 1ii1 .l , % i]f ~ ~ ~ a"
    F7t * .~ _f(_flt 0

    (3) 1-t!!.~;fN.-:!-, "f~:fr-tf.-kJL#J1ii1-t-.l, fltif~-:!-7, 1-t!!.~ifN.iJ:.-kJLJJ-*o

    4. ~/f'i~1tZ.t9 (shuo shenme ye) 1~~0~


    T- ~;'&;~if;¥: 0

    No matter what or how.


    c1 ) it at *- li~ e. r /t *- •\.; , iJt 1t z. ~ :fl J.A. *- *it ~ ~!f-- 5R ff.J 1t ~ t .:Ef ~ 1 7i
    7t4~*-o
    111
    ( 2) .::.. -.1vi -1oH.t1t ~ .t. ~ ~ :!!. , .-t. ~ * ~ -r- .t. ~~-!- ~ 1f ~ '7t?
    (3) ~ ~ ~f" .!t3€:, ~a<J-1~iJL1t ~ .t.ff-1*-#~it, JJFJtbA._~~ :i- ~ 'lto

    5. ~~~~ ( niaoqiong huon pao) j


    ffljfl¥Jw~ T IB!¥1, m:l'G11!!¥Jw1-t Trt§l¥1 o
    Fowling pieces have been replaced by guns: replace an old or under-developed thing
    with something newer or more advanced .
    ( 1 ) ~ JL 1f- ~ ~J ii_Jk 1il·tft , fJf Y~ ~ 11'1 ;J;, ~ j: .t. ~ #;- .tfft J"g , ~ T v;§ 12 it 7t :itt
    ~~-o~*~~~-t~~t~~~-~To
    (2) k.PJ *T T , .te.~ T *f JLlf- ~ m4-r .$- ;f;) T , m
    ~JN. Y~ ~, it~ #;-.tfft:J:g
    C; ~ T ~ ,J, /i, .$- 7t J:, jJl] tit.~ :ff ~ T o

    6. 11J~-~¥U~ Cyl tian dao wan) 7±9Hmlffil,


    4ij: *JA1fL i~J II! 0

    From morning to evening; all day long.


    ( 1 ) ;Mr It- ~ ffiU aft~ if ~ 1*1 ~ at 1~ , A. ~ 1:ff x.._ ,w_ X.. 1t , HR. Jfl t!PJI!. T - -$- -$-
    ~ $f~M:~.'to
    (2) -Ms- ~ffiU aftJt :f="T1~, :tJLJW-:i-if A..*~R-:M?.JWr.!Wr ~0
    ( 3) ;f6· *-±- ~ ffiU aft ~ Jfl tit. ~ ~ ·ti: T , X.. hl:r J: *- 1:ff ;ff .-fUJf , ~ .1i3i: 1:ff 11~ ~
    l:t~*-0

    7. pJT~-~EJ (yao yo) Wt~S'


    rtkA.;· C-*~EI B~~·~~~·tsf~l¥J$)o
    Make up one' s mind ; resolve oneself to do something.
    ( 1) ~ ;b\1 J.:t .jf- ~A.- +- +~ Jt J: jt {; , ~ ~ 1i1 ~ JJF +A. •tJ!: 11~ 3t T , ~ ~f­
    *ff--~ii_#,.~-~;bPT, "f~at~#A..~~T~~~~. ~~
    it~"T~~T, ~~*.~-~.!ttkJ:T-Jt~o
    (2) 3&~i#-vi<-~~.l!L, :M?.~ ~1.i r ff!J~, ~ 121 ~ M~~ff!!~ r-!- T, ;u~u r :W!.
    -+A., M~~-~•*·*:M!.;bll~,:W!.ffiJ:a, -~.!taTr-ko

    8. ft/f~11:R1C-Jtr5J~~*~[§i9!JL (dong pao xT dionr)


    jiJ :M: .IfF! 0

    Scurry or rush about everyvvhere .


    ( 1) ~ k.1:kJL ~ ~ F}J r, 5f; .::..~, +.tt ;t- Jig il'J ~ JL~*-~ T -tlti~~1t o
    ( 2) 111!Ail it ~i£j ~li 4Jlf ~ ,
    112
    * ~ ;t- Jig il'J ~ JL , :it. ,y, ~ k_ ,J, 1fr 1!., ~A M+.t 11'1 ~ #
    %1J~o
    (3) 1it :;f.: J.& ~ ~ i}}/~ :f:, '(!~ J.& ~it v~ for 1VA ~ .~ IftL ~ iJii JL, ~ iJ:.1it ~.A{~ :;f.:
    J£JUlfo

    9. QJ~Umft~EE! i5~ (boo dianhuazhou)


    It !lfrr:tr ~ t5 at raJ 1~
    Make a long phone call.
    * o

    (1) d'#- Jm ~;f;t7f-:k~it ~ 1*5t5, ~1~ ~.£-a~~ 1* t j[~_t-ft, ~WL~Mt


    ~~~1*~~:;f:~*• ~~~-~~~~~·M;-~1*~J:..-~-o
    (2) ~~± .A:;f: Jfl -i;-J:..#£ v~ ~, 7f~ a~Ht{~% k/:i- ~ :;f:)lbw ~it#:tft it~
    1*M, ~~-*;f,t~~~#~~~~~~~1o

    10. ~~&J=3ffi1}[§~~~ (gou) ft-llfr (yr qiang)


    ~ (¥A) -~ il:~A~/f- To
    Make sornelxxly unable to bear something.
    (1) - jiJ ~ 4$, ~ .£ ;f;t *~~ 7 *.w;,., Jt1tt~ .z. 7 .A a~ t&.#:t ~ ~~- ~, lj~
    JL iJ: ~ at lfll M- ~.A 1f1 Jf9p k ~o
    (2) *._;k_-i;-;!tv~~. ~.£-=..~:;t:·t!·a~~-=f, Jj-JJaJ:..~~#J~~~~. #JL
    ~~~-~.A], ~8-=f~~~~-~o

    11. [Q]~J,~~ (ai) ~::f-811&JL (baiyanr) j


    ~:!£?'&' 1Jtr~~~1Jt~ /F~o
    Be treated with disdain or censure.
    (1) --t ~ 1f1 ~ ~ ..r..1t 1f 4} %Hm ·~, --t :;t: -kt ;f,t * ~ ffi§i ~ a9 f=J DR JL, -it _f.-!- 1
    t6._)7J€o
    ( 2) l!l ;9 17 , ~ ~ :;t: :ilt Jm :kR ~ , ·r~ ~ :kt -=f a~ f=J DR JL , -I!!A~ lfJf - ..tt:. ){fi lfJf a91* o
    (3) •J' ~1~. 1it~·t~ 1 ~~a~ f=J DR JL, :r:i±~ 1!'1 :;r: -:k:5" .#~ 1e.. *11\ 1 ~:a..*-..=..
    ::tn. a~ •l, it -r 0

    12. ][!~}~ft~ "~~~ (q1guanYan)" ~ j


    "~~F"~~~. *~~~*•~m~~~~~o
    It is similar to "~~ F" in pronunciation. It is a joking way of saying that the hus-
    band is henpecked.
    (1 ) $<. 1f1Jirs ~ il ~ j-IJ it -1- " '\. 'f 3L" , ?Jf v~ tB -k ~'l; ill a~ at {~ J.A. :;t: ~§.1e.. -k o
    ( 2) if._. j']i-k ~ , 1e..1~ ;9 ){fi, 1it IDl:A~ %1j .A k_ 1* 1it it~ " '\. 'f 3L" , 5Z..A~ ~ -t- -=f
    113
    13. i*1'1T (boo bu qi) 1.21Jo11JX~ft-**
    PJtm, &r'tJL, /GfiM~iiEo

    *
    More likely than not.
    ( 1) :;t- -f- -f-i>L : "iii~ 1~ ~ J} fl}j ~ ~ ~ :£.1t :Z. 0 it- 3t .n.- 3t ~'1::-! "
    (2) it~~ :Z. :xt~i>L' 1%~ j'f-11!!;~.k-1.t- ~ th *-0
    (3) ~ #) ~1;f- ~1-t? ~-r G)~ ~~;f;t;W- ~ 0 Yl.Ji- ~' ;W at1'*-1~~ 1}- 0
    .Ji-~~5~;W 0

    14. ~~~~Bet=~~ (pfqi) ~~~B (tcm) ~*


    ~[!H*~ ,~J·~o
    Lose one' s temper; flare up.
    c1 ) JJIJ ~ ~ ..:r 1n ~ jfl ~ .tr .tr Ji!il Ji!il , 1if ~ ~ Yl.Ji- ~e.~ Jl1i!- ~ *- , iii ~ ~ ~ viL
    "fo To
    (2) ~~_xt~iJt.: "~~~1t:Z.~:lifi>L, liffU T >'hi!, ~Yl#/F-iJJ;f;tjflA.~
    1f. Jl1i!- ~ , 1;f- ~ f vt ~ ~ 1if o"

    15. 1lli{f'J~~B1li*ill~· (bcmbianticm) lli'@JJ.J~B~


    m c9=' ~ ffi!T1±~ Et9) :ft=l :9; o
    Half the sky: women of the new (equalitarian) society.
    C1) ~ 7t 1Jt 3t i>L : "-*+A .W mJJ A.~ .-!Ff' J€i ~ ;W +~g. -t- ~ -f :liL ~ , ~ 1t , 1.t-
    1n ;r,t ~ ~ "~ 1n ?& J£ ve. 0"
    (2) ::t- r f.:. a :Z. -i>t., ..f:liLJt 1n ~ -t- T , ~i>L::t- r f:.:t- JW~ M, ~ ~~:!e* 0

    16. JX1imA~#~JL~~~JL (zhenjianr dul maimangr)


    ttntu#•ffix>t, :;f~ .ij~ o
    A pin against an awn : tit for tat ; do not give the impression of being weak.
    ( 1) ;it 125l39 a G)~, ~~ ~ -1'- A.4t ;,t JL _xf:!: t:- JL 1.t ~~ *, iii~~ i1:. iii,
    ~~Mkm~~4~~-.~~~4~~:Z.:lifo
    ( 2) ~ 111 ;W at 1'*- 39 - ·*· JL + :f ;it 4t ;,t JL :xt:!: t:- JL J-t "Y' , ~- fU ~ J€i ~ it jft Yl
    %%ii*-.k.~m~~-•.~~~;r,t~~th"foTo

    17. OIUI~~~~~Qff§B.::f (you rlzi) j


    f&*BtiBJ 0

    114
    For quite a few days; for a long time.
    (1) ~~~*-jij f1 o JLiJt: ";t--:tt-:tt, ,.~1n;t
    a -t~~Jt. T, •f}c:iti*-1t1to"
    (2) ~ vrr ~tf.J w~ eA~.;t a .:r T , PT 11!.- ..t.5~jt1£ '"" J:. 0

    18. )~~~JiX:tl<~iWJtm~ (dong zhengede) j


    iAJt, Fm-:t&x>J1~#:ff Flf1T~ a
    Treat seriously and take action.
    (1) ff_k~.£-ftl!,~i-.tl:tJL;k:m.~. Pf~;l)~~-A-~tf.J, fo./fy:{kT~iJL.kT,
    ~~ i1: -ftl!, % *- l:t 0

    ( 2) y:{ -(!r -:tt -:tt ~ iJtl:t :itt JL ik. ~ ~ JfR , Pf ~ilL ;t iJt iJt ~ T , :i!. ik ;;t *- :kt ;t ~
    ~ -A-~tf.J T o

    19. i$(.Tf (shu6 kai) j=f:fiVC)~$jD~


    re~m~~~~~~~-~ili*,~M~o
    Speak out; bring up what is on one' s mind.
    ( 1) ;t- *- :X}J ~ iJt : " 1* 11'1 1jilj JlL ~ .t~ at fal :itt :itt i-Jt i.t , •\:> .£ ;t. Z.. ~ tf.J ~ iJt tl:.t *- ,
    3i Ff ;t %k tf.J 1"1 :P! , iJt if T ilL. ;;:r: ;t 1"1 :P! T , ;;:r: iJt f!l1 ~ JUlf iJt ;;:r: T 1"1 :P! " o
    ( 2) ~ ~ H.f :t ntt iJt : " ;t. z.. .:::r: ii: .$t & .:r tf.J *11f ? :i!. *1£ ~ JJ±. .:r .£ ~ T :itt at *
    l'al T , 4- k ,.~ 11'1 1-¥- iJt 7t T , -'If iJt ;;:r: Pf ! "

    20. i'lJH,~~$£!5 (shu6 de qTngqiao)


    iJt:f~~~ , ~ ~f~J!§*1LH& o
    It is easy to say (hut difficult to put into practice) .
    ( 1) ;;t JiL -:tt -:tt ;f- .~ tf.J # -1- , ~ iJt : " ;;:r: ilL. ; t - ;=qt #It v.J:& ? ~ T ilL.~ T , ~~ ;t
    1tZ..*? ..jlj-~-+.:::r:ik.-TrT?" -:m-:m~ T~-ntt: "1*i3t1f~:r7, :i!.Pf
    *
    :::r: ; t - ;; li {f.J #It. .:r 0"

    ( 2) " ;;:r: ilL. X. 1~ 1ll4~ Z.. ? ~ ~ -ftl!, 1ll .;;:r: ilL. Jt T ! " ~ -:tt iJt : " 1* iJt -1-¥- ~ :r7 ! - 7i
    ~~~! ~J:.'9J~JL~~Z.. ~~~~i\'r?"

    21. ~U~ (gei) o§BJ:~JillL.tf*~ Cmo hei)


    ~ (~A) f*~ ~Xi£~, ~*~a
    Bring shame on someone ; blacken somebody' s name.
    (1) ~ * tf.J .
    ~ :~;t, •J' n~ :i!.# A. -t- ,.l ±.&., WI r *-;; ~~,.~ 1n "'"--*"~Jdn..tt
    ,W- ' .;;:r: ~ :itt 2f- -re. -ftl!, ~ lEI -:!-
    *
    0

    ( 2) ~ ~ ~- .If.. iA.. 59 ~ ~ ~ ~ '*tilL. ;t ~itt~ J:. .it ,W- ' ?.if y:.{ -ftl!, :!£- ;}t g_ .xt '
    115
    22. ~~Ufll!2F ( w6 shl shei ya)! 11Rmt:ffiVI11D~
    ··~"ft~~-&A".~~~B*~B~··o
    It means I am not a common man , and it connotes that the speaker praises himself.
    ( 1) :k.1:k. JL ~ ~ .~, * 1}· ~ .t!!.•G ' !if I}• ~.til .#1 }ji.J JJj iJL : "~ )t ifi ~ ' $. J-f.. 3h J:.
    ~~~~.trT-t- ~Jf-T, tk~!f-~Jf-t? Jtw!"
    ( 2) ~ :k. J-1 - iilA.i J$- i! , -ilL iJt. : "~ k ifi 11~ ! 1.t- ~.te. ~ .~ Z. .tf?"

    23. ~FcF~1t~~~HtB'SL -~15~~ (yf ju hua de shl)


    c~Am~~ttn~~~#~~~#~~)~~~-~~~~~~~~0
    Someone can solve the problem by speaking a single sentence (because he has power
    or a special position) .
    (1) y:,( ~ r -t-.m.:c. .~ifi~~ifi .~Jtr 1£:-~u-{l{J• ,JJi!.$. !if~:fiL-l--*-• To
    (2) ~ ;f)l.Jt..~lf-'*"~jj!. 11J&? 1;f-itii•G*f T , ~- ~ u-{l{J., a}] ~it~1;f- 91-:!tf o
    ( 3) ~ ,f,st ,f,st)t_ JJ~ +/A-- ~ {l{J i& Jlt ' ~~~:itt JJ~ +/A-- ~ ' JJ~ i£ ~ k - ~ u- {l{J • ?

    24. fltmt_t11]~~) L~11Rl@I07tE (pao 16ngtao)


    1£JJUA-¥r 1fii-®/F~~ ~$ o
    Play an insignificant role.
    en ~~1ni!.+Jf-~{l{J. ~~k1f1tZ-~JfJ, juv»~JL~k~~~JA..~~4-. ~
    m~~~~~{l{J, X*~++~~itffTo
    (2) #..•u.£1f<.k~Jirtq_, #..-1'--:k.~!£., :tt!~+'J'~~)k~~{l{JA..B€!,~
    :/$.._ ;5'E'1kk~
    ~' ft~;k_1p 0

    (3) ;:lt*-i5L: "~~~~1f<.~~~, lii fl\iJL~ki&J£, !ifi.t;ffit-111 #] ~ J!h'


    ~-+A..1tZ- ~-t~A~ !"

    , 1~ Ml' im 1.Jn ~ a<JtiiH-H :


    en ft1£~*~noJLwT-rJL, Mnre~c..,_m_~~*&:r-*. 4-:JeiJZ,1t
    2,. th1~16~5k:ft*-¥5t~~ 0

    (2) ~1tl!.*:fL~A~JJrj$, m~1$ ~if:rl!:tt~-~ff:liL=~, if~~1-lf!.-~~


    ~$.~-~~=~~rr~~~~~~o
    116
    c3) ~ ~ x_r_ ~ * ny :fJG , :fJG ~ lli /F :r.11m , llJT ~1m :tE n ~hJt = "~ rJK , 1$ ®
    *~.:f!G~~~:f!Gmw~~~?:f!Gm~*~•••r.~A~re~-·
    ~ AtJJ:t£~£o"

    (4) .E::klsti3t: "1tlm, {!tq~,-TP~? ili~1'Jt~JL$T-!" 1tlmi3t: "4-~


    :fJG ~1m~ M :DL" .E ::ktst1! T 1! iJl. : "1t 1m , II§ {fFiJ jE it§-iJl. 7f T , JA 4-
    kJJa' {$~§~:1tJlif1i:t£~JEEJIIZ:t&o"

    =, mm~~t¥Jim~:ti~ =

    + JtL *- .1r a -:r- 1*- ~ 1t- li8 1t * :t- li8 ~ .M JL ~ ~ ~~ :,te, - *- ju a~


    +~~~ ~~~~ ~~wm
    (1) ::k~Ji£:f!G11l*T, t~JJIJ?£'i~. i3t: "ll§{ll _ _ _ _ _ _ t!it£ T,
    4-~:JiU ~ ~;E, :tE:f!GJ3:JLIIZ:~ t&, ll§{fJM-M- IWPJllJl o"

    (4) Jm:tE¥JGJ!~?J5IAt11tl5 T, IDT::kl!W", 7f _t T


    -fJP!Jf~llSm'E$o

    cs) ~~ r ~~ *1¥ t~5 & 1r 1t -z,. tst ~ , 8:Jt ~ -z,. :l:t!! ::t 1f
    ~, IAIIZ:~t-E!i:IL~~~o

    (6) xf4t?.:iJt: "3di'IJ~JJE(.~&11§{fJ::k, PJ~iJtff~J®U~A,ff~J®t~-=f .A~


    - - - - - -we~ It ll§fflifrr>J JL', J3:ll§{f1~§~~7J.iA, ~ne ?"

    ( 7) l!i 1: & $1¥1 B11'* , :fJG #XX 1@ ~ It it§' JlR IDLoc , Elf kJ
    -~~_tJtlt§-¥JGtr~**·E(.m::km~::km•A~T-~~mo

    cs) lfl'l l¥1::k2#1J?.: "~~~r:ffrm~n, :f!G4-~-1l:tEJ3:JL1)[~7f.


    - - - - - -tJ~~ ;J,il~JAJa:liii¥1 l'l NT!I¥1 o"
    (9) 11!?.1¥JI~~~~, ~tff~ ~ t=f$7(~-----' J3:R~11!?.1¥1
    '!1:~fi!J~~B-I¥1 0 .

    (10) ~~~iJt: "ll§{fJIRJ~-~ ,J3:,~JL'ft1$t~~~ · * - - - - - -


    T !"
    117
    (2) A: :m-*J1111!.~, •1¥-J1~m~, o ( ;;t ,tf_ A ~ Ji1 J:.)
    B::m~~~mM~,ey~I~~~$~1¥-J$,~n•~o

    (3) A: 13~1'1*-T }A!j\ff"Jt&A 'If, Jf1~1~, lffl~1'J]}I1\f~~l!~~111!., OJTiJt


    it J§f -* T *~ ~ YiPI¥-1 J]]I o
    B: o (~A-~)

    (4) A: llJT~±iJ?,, a'F3C1l!!.:tl!b~&JfJ\.1-T~J:§:, 1/ttf~-frJT a


    B: P£3, , Jt~lf!. *~O.tlt o ( #J J--:f.i-~)

    (5) JLr: l!l3 7e!IG1f1-*~1Jo~~Jitm 1¥-1 H:~, :m~;g Jlo


    13-i§: M:tff-~, 0 (*A*,~)

    (6) ~Jkftlk: {~~;f~_t-*~? 1J~;jf~~~i¥-J, .T.T, 1J~)XL~P§{f]~


    ~To
    JLr: - - - - - o <~kiii~)

    B: ___________ o (~~)

    (9) A: {~{f]~~~7(~1J#IJ#ijg, ~~-=f-Jj!fJ=t~~o


    B: lffl~JLP!li[, a O'~Jil9..)

    ( 10) A: 1j\*-, o/7(1it_t -:!:JUL-*~±~tTJff~PE.!


    B: {~jjlj 114{11!., _ _ _ _ _ o ( 9.,Fjf ~)

    118
    (*- aJJ .!& jij-}f Jffl ~ J!. @4 )
    *M=~~.~~~~¥*~~~*~?~~~-00*7?
    ~~=*~~~fi~&*~o•~•. ~-~n~+*•o-~A-refia
    1f!JT, $-ill.atfT, &r!JL~~T o
    *M: *$j]!J®!I'I"J, -Jli_t{$1i¥•$*o ~~JLiE~A~$~B"JBt1'*, f$-
    iJt¥~~$*fi8Jtwf$m•-:tBff, ~M, A&1ti~8JtJ1fn* o
    ~~: 1J~~ A·~f~i'8, itT )'.:it1:iJ1Ei~~~, -jiBW JL.M li\Y! To ~~~·
    ~~agj]!~,mil-ill.~L*~~fi • • ~Ao
    *M:m•-~A-Hmmo•~~~A~M·~~$,$M~ili-~*o
    L 00-~~:*:*t~fitl T, fi:tlf;L.•*M! @I*, &m¥tlJ'-*i~i>t1!fimt1ftl T
    ~**, refi~1i-'m-~m~ o
    ~~: n~. fi-~1ftl~~~T. *Jt:J!~JL'lE~~#!'*o ~*· 003(B"J-a5f-~
    ~~*$*:tlfo
    *M : 1$1'JWJ ¥1J ~ T? fY$fl" JE& q:: B"J Jl~ !
    ~~: 19J~JL:ff .-=fri~, 11£!Jtfi~.=: -t ~ ~ z "i§" o fi R~fi~ ID3 bE~ r
    T jtij D,
    119
    ~&~~*~~~~o~~~m.~-~~~-T~*~•.~~~M
    ~~*o•~.-~~~~--~~~-·7-.¥~~~~M~W$
    ~~J:.PJJ!.ti~f~o
    *~=~-~~--~·~MT.~~M~?~-~?~~~~~m?
    Jl~: ~~*)('ft' ~Jf*~if:fl~o
    *~: 'tl:~1~1J~U~~-*1$Wtliltic!B1fJtr J.iJt- J:t, lm*1$~~ §~~a ~3t,
    a~J!.••~.~~~~-~~••~B. m•~~tr~m~J!.~~
    l' ~· o ~ :1:1: , ill~ f.( JL , JJU X~ LV-$ 1~ ~ 11t A~ At 7 o l!3t , ~ ~ ~ &
    #ili**~~-~~~.~~~----~?¥~-~~~.~-~
    ~~~---.~-~~~~-ff*-~~0
    Jl~: 1$~M~5~)~7J<o
    * ~ : l!3t, $ - & ~:IE#~ 1$ liJLE ~ Oi!l ~ ~ JL tJ ~~ .~.Jd'!.Hr"J , 1j\ JL' , ~ ¥ Jl!IJ B*
    ~ ~ ffli 0£3 !
    Jl~: 1$~~1E~~1~1J~~$? ~lil!£~0i!l~~ JLP.~-Jtl9:8"JM~o "6-1Jf1$,
    ~~*~~~1Vf:fE~.~~~-~MTo~~.A~~1Vf:fE~.~~
    Yi:IL{~~~if:fE~PE. o
    *~: 1J~MP~ .~:l:1:~~1E ,1$~~ A~ft Tim, -T1t~-~m"Jt:kiffiL~JL'J'o
    Jl~:~W~PJ~~-~.~¥~~ill##~~~~-#*~~~-~~Ao
    *~: ~.#*·-~h···*~~~

    1. JJ$: ~~#$~ ClJ!:~:il(~1&*~j'J}l~)o


    2. ~3!.: j3'/1:M~Z.IBJ~f~J\~o
    3. At: ~_mmi?R.~-~j3~-:JJ~#xx#~:7f~-1r 0

    1. 11Jx-i5=G~~'5J:$Z:S:ftWC®1m~~-1~)f (niezhe yl ba han)


    t~Ptu1!!iEJL,', *'tB, ~5-iEo
    Be breathless with anxiety or nervousness.
    ( 1) " -t- k
    rJ-J-ko
    ;t}] -f- •ji_ ·If.-* J: -k ' ~ 1f1 ~ ~ * 11!!, .t3t i- - .te:. 7f ' ·til 11!!, :M ;f: ~ ' t;f

    (2) J:..Jti. J-J .kJ: 1t f; -Jt:k~ "~ T , dJ -T ~~ 5i~., 11!!, ~ fo-'!} ;ff ·*- JL-H-, $_.1f11tz•rn
    120
    2. -)~mJJL (yfliuyanr) Wt~~rn.s
    %~ 1ErH~flH1Ht9 ¥Fro
    (Run) very swiftly.
    (1) ~#Jt-nil$T ~A-r, iJL T jfz "-1t-Yl.," ~Jir-~~JL1,;J.~.llB To
    (2) ~ t,g ~-!- , !if k - #; ~ ;;;t Yl. ~~ ;f,t .M $. fl a , JTf 1~ ~ J:. a T .i. ~ , 1*-
    1--,hf€,-f-1,;;.~, -~~JL4i'i:i!.T J%1 G~llrj:o
    (3) -~ 1 J,~lj=-- ~ ~ JL"1.~jtl Jf ~ 1W% :k~, -"A.lj=- £ ~ *-1-- 'f lf- !JI Ao

    3. ~m~mlml (kcm renao) ~M§


    miE'h Jt1 *BI "¥'h x.w. o

    Merely watch the commotion; be a looker-on.


    c1) ~ 1n - :iiL --r ~ - :iiL :k ? 12~ ~ , Jfiif :fl )I~ ~ ~ 1n #- r -.t-it~ .tr $. - ~ T ,
    ~k*r*-~:;t~~.*~~~~k_L~~. *~~+o
    c2) ~ -=t £ fit -r .t: A )I~ :9r , :J£ 4f 1R- .% ,J, .Jj: -=t -lk.. .M Jt :;t ~~ lilil 0

    4. flU~ (gen) ~~JJ:~ A-~!Mtl:( (ylbon jianshi)


    a(.A)-Bm~ m•*~~~~~~~A#~~·~o
    Lower oneself to the same level as somebody.
    c1) 1*. -i;- Jt 1-- -r ~ ;t !/iJi , * ~ -tf. ~ R £ :fi .Jj: -=t 1n 1->t :9r ~ ~ • m1 1: JJ ~ .1t 1--
    ~-~*· ~~~·1:}]~~~.:fk-i;--lk..~~~1:}]-tYl.~~o
    (2) ;t ~~- 1--§}J JL~i>t: ".xt ~ ~, .xt ~ ~, ~1f11!.1i. PJ ,t-v~_% T , Ji,Jf v~ ~JJ
    ~A4, ~~!if~J!.#,~~~~~-tYl.~, ~-,k~~**:fi

    (3) t- ~ ~ v_A ~ ~~iJL: "1;f- -1-- !/I -Ti5l, fvl!]Jlil1---:k- A-tYl.i;;? ~~ 1;f-
    1;f- ~ JJ:. ~ ~ ;f,t 1t T ? "

    5. t~ft~1~-~-~S'Sl ( yileng yfleng de)


    ~~~~~~~~W~~m~~:W-To
    Dumbfounded; speechless in anger, astonishment, because of an unexpected ques-
    tion.
    ( 1) ~ #!.~- 1-- It :d T * ·*·, ~ _::. .-t ~ 1i!!.ir 11- -t- _% 7lllzl, 1!. 1-- ~ ~ ;te. JJ1l ~
    RJTf~---W~. ~#!.~G~~-~o
    c2) ~ ;f -t- .1t. ~ , !if .xt *- ~ ·l't -1~ :tt JJlJ .% 0 if - *-if. 31: ~ R a!.J ~ 5- *- ~ JJ\!. ,
    121
    6. WL~JX1l1,~1'~)ii~ (bu shl zTwei)
    'L'lEXl:i:i, /F~H!L
    Feel bad; have a bad feeling.
    ( 1 ) JL .if- ;f: Ji2.. , #. ;t T 1tl ~ , :'k :g__ ~;ft. ~ T • :;t 1-i- !±f *- #. El -T :ii1-i-1tl ;tfl ;tft ,
    !! il:. ~ ~ .ftl·~ X 1fl ;f: Jl. ~ "-*- o
    (2) k 1:kJL;;t Jl..#..1fl iJJi A-~~ T- ril JL, ·~X -l:l!..~ ;f: k iii"-*-, <if 5l ;f: ~ i!.
    iJt{f~~o

    7. m;~~~ (you luzi) BSJD;J


    :fl :l!s ¥U -1-- A § 1¥1 1¥.1 11, 7! ~ iki1£ o ilL~ ":fl f1 ~" o
    Have connections. Also, ":fl f1 ~" .
    (1) JJ~at1~, ~~~.ftl:>fJtt, /Jf.-~1!#-{t!J~Jfltt~, JG:fr4~;f:1-t, ~A-i-:fr
    ~-T :t ~~ ~.ftl 0

    ( 2) 1-iHL{f_ .!tt# *- T lZ!t.if- , d7 -T 5~ :fr ~ -1- lE1 _t ~ , :it .,(f. ~ ~ ~t T -:k~ , JJi!. .,(f.
    A_ ~ k - ~ 1&..-i't €f.) ~ Jl1.

    * ' #-
    0

    ( 3) ~J iP ± •t;!i •t;!J ~ l'.iJ ~ :fr 5~ ;ff ~ -T " #, ~ t~ _:r_ tF ' iJL ~ iP ± *- -1F 4~

    8. ~~ft)X_ 'it1'~Li5 (san cun bu lan zhT she)


    tt llitr ~~ i)i ~ i!!o
    Have a silver tongue ; persuasive.
    ( 1) 1: It €f.) *-.. 1:-- .ff.ttt JJ~ *- 1' J:. •
    11
    k ~ ~ iJL ' 1~ JJ~ -=- -t ;f: :):1. .=t.. -6- ~~ ;fe. ft. A_
    iJL n> T • -t- +A- -tk.. ;f: Jl. #.. tr.J 5tt -t o
    ( 2) *- 3t !£.. "Jf T v.A J€; , 5t;f iJJi +A_ iJi. : "~ _R ~ ~ ·*· JL j:_ :f" , ~1] {t!J • ~ ;f: ·t:l ,
    5la;ff-=..-t;f:~.=t..-6-,~~~~4~!~m~k~*~~~o"~~:it
    #~Jt To

    9. ft~ft:9::..§..§15Z~ (kua) ~J"}ijD (haik6u)


    iJZ.:km, !!X L:J:: o
    Talk big; boast.
    (1) ,J, .£·~ X1fl_g_7X--ib :!itt, :it~ *;t
    :ftu*';fh:!itt_ff.-~_:r_tfo ;t-)f~'J'.£+r~P,
    '*" •li:.fr-~- r JL. !25l
    iJL:
    7!J ;t Jf tf.J ~A_
    "J!.*-Af.il~-l:l!..5~
    :fr , 1-t- ;f,l[/f ~ ~ .~ ~ ! " <if Jl. •J' . IAf T ~ JL ~ -l:l!.. ~~ 4f .ftl ;t Jf tf.J lE1 i5- o
    122
    10. ft~~~~BSJ~ (tao) ]" -*~ili:~ (jlnhu)o

    tit 1Jt :;!Jt A 1!1!3C **Jli o

    Try to be close or friendly with somebody.


    ( 1) .t\ ~ ~ ltL ;tr -t- -R f! !fr J:n , .t\ 't !U !Jl5 JL-!- ~ 1]<. Jft , JJ~ JL aJ.J A-~ iA.. i;; .t\ T,
    ;t)A-~~.t\*~+. ~~.t\at.J*L~T~~.~~.~~~. ~;ff~
    -t- T *-? .t\ 11Jf T .$ ~ 3t;r: 1~ o
    (2) 1: htl% :l- 3tlft* ~ ;#L;hb ~1!1, *R-1-t!:.. * ~ +, ~ .$ .£~1-t!:..- Jt "f ~YL at.) 4~,
    ~~~~~;-__~~~~-!-, ~;fJL~~~~~$~To

    11. ~¥U~ft)X-t~n~ (yr kuai shftou) ::j~~J""tt!1 (luole dl)


    Lti!Btr l**:f~iE JL', ~1±1JJ>L' To
    Feel as if a load has been lifted from one' s mind.
    ( 1) + ~ ~ -!=- -=f ;r: iJt U" , ~ :It. :Itt£*- $ ffi T , :!!. at .-:.; Y - :iJt ;G =*" .:t .}f. ~
    T~o
    (2) ~ YL1-t!:..1f1- ~iE~~it-tt~vt-f~. ~fA.*- 1l~ at-:l}t;G =*- ~ T J:~, ~
    Jit~;t)*~•.~m~~;r:*~~~*~~-f~o

    12. ~=1'7!,\f±:S:z:Jjjjtz:[§]F.JUJX~...t (lion shang) QJ~£E1'i± (guo bu zhu)


    }Jt:f~:f~X{E:f:l, :f~1rlltJrft~*-11iFfo if1i~ "00-=f _ti!/Ff:£" o
    Feel embarrassment ; lose face. Also , "00 T _tit /F 1:£" .
    ( 1) 11' ~ + ~ ::t .$ ~ /.] iJt: ";r: ;f}L.jl ~ ~ -=f ll]? .t\ * -r- ~1ft* -T ,
    11
    _Rit iii -r-
    J:.;fi~{i., Pl., M~~lt~YLT······" ,J,~~A-i>t: "f-1-t!:..~! i#-iii

    -r- ;r: Jt %' -r :!!. ~ ~ -+ ? ~ ;r: ·rf11~ * iii -r- ,


    1~ ~ ·~ * ~ ' "
    (2) 1-t!:.. at.) w $1tt%- 9.,' u- ~ i>iA~1tt ~ #' {_g.Jt 1' m-f at.)~*-~ it it TJl
    1
    w *-,
    iii -=f J:.1JJ ;ff .~, JL ;fi ;f: 1-i. , Mtftt 1~ ~~ iii :ii it1:. a
    (3) !Jl51'-1~-=f~J±-!-, 5lv~ T}: "-'%%!" ~i!Lat.}A-~_kjt~*"- 0 JJ~-f--k
    A-~ ~ T, 1t1~JftJ:.;fi~1i., ;f,t-~t~:i±JL-=f, .~.:l-~.JY--=fiJt..:il.: "JJ~
    ;r: lt 1~ --%--%0"

    13. 1'/.RI&~h)tfi~~/f'~~.Dl&i (mo bu zhao t6unao) ]"


    /Ff9JEL ;fg~J~, /f~m~0..IID¥a
    Cannot make head or tail of something.
    123
    ( 1) :iZt f1 - ;t , ;ffl -1- , {E -1- JL ~ ij; J1!l ± ~ l:l:: *- T , jtl :5tl: ~ Jt , ~ ~ - at ;f:l

    (2)
    ~ fr* Ji~, ~~11.~.1. T 1t Z.
    :t- Ai'X.. T o ~iJL: "1~~
    *
    +-k 1 JL 17
    o

    1' -;t 11E ?" -G)~ f.iJ ~;J\·~ fr


    1
    * ~,
    ~ ,5 -;> ,5 >L ·~ ~~ -':£..
    ~u .J ,~ ..... ~ i~ 1-.JL s-o o

    *
    IH'

    ( 3) T ~ ~ k. 3(:~ *- , ..£ A; !£. :fJt -Jl-1-!f- ;f:l ~ fr Ji~ , ~ ~ 11.1!. JL Ui1 ~ 1t Z. 1if
    it~ 0

    14. 'I~Ff1~~~mft±-*1mWLg~:RPill1n:tJ~-J:1 (dacheng vr pian)


    !:=j JJtl A ;f§ ~ 1[{:tlf , *
    :k 1[{ ~ tJJ o
    Become one with or merge with a group.
    ( 1) 1Jk.Jt +~ ~ ~ ~ iY-. 7} -1- , -fit% Jb ~ 1t i!A .tr A
    1!t Jjt ;fl', 5~ 1t Z. *-1- ,
    -Jt 0 {1!!.*-l!.JLatfaJ:#-~*· ifu~±;ft~k.A 1 1'-1~~~~ T 0
    +
    ( 2) 1!. ifL 1.;i ~ 1it ~ lf- ~A , 1-li!-11'11~ ·It , f.*, 3::. :%=- T 'll- Jf; , *•\.; at* , *-
    1it·tkiJG ~ 1-1!!.11'1 ;tr AT- Jt o

    15. 1mT-!tlU8'9~B~i'-*#a7M (ban pfngzi cu)


    ffi~~mdtt*~m~~~,m~~~Ao
    Dabbler; someone who pursues a smattering of hobbies or something else.
    (1) ~JLA~J.f.;m1-!l!-: "JJ~Z. ~~Jt~~t~. t~*-+4-:#JL-J-mf, .te.-1~-J-~:ft

    (2) ~1fJTJt+'J'T, --~~"*f~.fi.;;j(._m, ~?'A~lt.lfu:t-iX-~~:t-.::..~~


    ~-~lf-,Jt+f-~-J-m}, lif~**•~~"*f~~~*-To

    16. QJ~ft±:tJ~~J2!S~~~l'7 (you liangxiazi)


    :ff*$, :ff*®!o .
    Have real skill ; really be something.
    c1) ,J, JtiJt: "::t ~ :±: *-,
    1~1ft3iU:t. .A-~ ~ r J;t~ ~1t.t ~ l£-M- 11t 0" -r,
    (2) -tit Jt;friJt: "1~-A.~ ~ r -1-, ~i£5~ iJt, 1~iJG1t l:l:: T~~iJt1t Z. a"
    *
    ( 3) ~ :t- 9ifi.A- ~ ~ r -1- , ~ Z. ~ :l! 1Jk. JL G) ~ iJG ~ ;J\ 1fli#- aJJ 1fu T o

    17. im~t§~)£~71< (po lengshul)


    1T itr*A 8~ ~·lfdfJH&'t1: o
    Throw cold water on ; dampen the enthusiasm of.
    ( 1) ~ 11'1 ~ ~ Jt ~ 1!. +it ~J it_~ T * ~ iG , 5~ ~ jtl ~ ii:. T ~ 1n - * It- 1]<. ,
    iJt~ 1n Jt~ +» ~ f.F a'.J nt- ~ 0

    124
    (2) d' FJFJ IE! ~-~~~fJn ;t;;JtJR av .f-, :k!b~;fJt'.M:--#.5£ J - -*l4'-.1JC-, i>L±.Ji.
    -r- Jf$, ;-f.}(_ fft iJlllliJ 0

    18. F.Ju-~RJ&~ ffi1mg~::E~Vm8~:9:JLH~*~ (do de huore) ~


    **~~#**- *~0
    Have an intimate relation with somebody.
    (1) 1J' .£* J ~~} R.;¥JL~11!:.1f1 JL ~.fr 1-t- }(_ ~, %:. '/t .{i- J}UL ,.~ ~~, •J' £~
    JYl, 11!:.1f1 JL ~ #- ::G 1t ~1] A- i>L ;If }JJS $. J:~ o
    (2) ~fit, 5: t~-±- t:;%:. ifn FJFJ ~ .fr 1-¥- }(_ l~, {~A k k .{i- :€, JL -f ~~ ·~ .ff 'f
    ~1J av .f-, :!!.11-/~ ~~1ft j' *1 0

    19. 1'~!1l~W3~ma (jiao cai liang tiao chuan) og~


    ~·~~~~~-~~W·§~«*o
    Straddle 1wo boats: have a foot in either camp; straddle the fence.
    ( 1) .i<. 1f1 ~ ~}] 11!:. i>L ' IJ' -klil ifn ~ l'JFJ ~ }(_ ::G 41t av * .Ji{ -r- ' ::G ~ .fit )lip Jf- ~ ~ ~;; av
    i-# ~ , J.k. ~ -k1!!.1f1 av J~d~
    *
    0

    (2) "~ ~at{~E ~ -t~1i".- JL, ::G1~JiirJf-~ ~ ~;;, it-.t'] 1}'1'~ ~-!-, ~ ki.t
    ~~~A•~. ~%~-!-. ::Gk4:-~~m~?" ~~~~0

    20. =f{t.Z.~IH~:~f6A~J:aJLtJ\ (leisheng da yOdianr xiao)


    ~•~rr•~~~-~~-~~m~~~~~~o
    Loud thunder but small raindrops : say much but do little.
    (1) 11!:.-A13t~Jfft 1 l'-li11!:.1fHti3\H:.-bo\,
    I J, , ;r;/t'. k • ::G ~ 111:. * ~ 111:.1n, ~
    .J
    -u. •
    ~
    ]Jiki1LJJ]'f;, Oft' fo
    1

    t~ J*J av A-1ft it 1t_ 1f. 0


    k~.~,JL

    (2) ~~ .tr* av ::Git~1JA-, JiJ k.~ %:.J.f av fl~ 1JJ,


    !Jf v~ ~ f.{V~ ~ --'f-;fJLi>t~?
    **J.f~14-.f-, lift' fo k~AJL'J', ffi1lJ6*-4Pi~1f1~+~~1t.f- 1 o
    ~~~·~~F~m*~~&~•m. ~~~0
    Sometimes it also means pretend to cry; or, cry but no tears.
    ( 3) -:kJJ -kJj i>L : "1~ * 5{}] 5{}] I J' Pltl *,.e.., X J +k J 0" .i<. i>L : " ~~J J.f 11!:.' 11!:. it
    'tt fo k ifJ A JL •J', --t fl fr~1JA- ~'Jf a~ o"

    Engage in empty talk.


    ( 1) ~ * }(_ ~ ;J)i~:@. _r._' /~ * t±: 1J 't )/.f. ~ ' ::G 4:- ~ 1"/l ;t_ -r- ' 4'- k ~ ffi1] J "* J;t
    125
    n~~m~~~~. XkT~~.-~~~~~~*o
    (2) 11Jf~ -tJt. 7-f ~. :M1-? ~ l'Jt. ik.J€>, x ;t;tJtl!.iJt.: "1~ ~ m~~ Jt ~
    7 , iN. il: A ~ 1~ T 1t z. ;r,t _t. iJt. 7 11e. o "

    -, ~Jf,J.g.~~~i~f$i2:
    $!A rijij - ~~ JL -ir 1-lt -*.!A ~k iii v~ ~ ~ Jt ~ JJft- J:. .#:~it
    $~-~~ ~~~~~ ~~~~z~ -~~~~7~
    co ~ ;g 5fJ *f5l ~ ~~ rm~ =a: B<J*F -=r, ftlk B<J )c_, _m 1~ _ _ _ _ _ 0

    (2) f51~4-x~~x~-?.'lc_t. E:J, ~xjJhjJ!,c.,_m rtitt~ ~5-!E, ~:fr:§ E:J


    ~~X~~~.-H~~~$00B<1~*F,~~-
    ______o

    (3) Jj,~1~~~!fn-rJL§Bmlf1J$1fJB<J3C¥, 8lt:*Fill: "4-:X!:f:tlf~


    if ~ , it -*?" PI ~ # 19: :ff A. n(nJ b)[ {tf! , ftf! J!~ :tE JJ~ JL ,
    _ _ _ _ _ _ T, ~~ilt-w:iJHt~o
    (4) ~~B~2~1J;}ml*:*ffT, -1ft*~~~J!~:ft-Ji1JL, Wt1:9::t&ill.:
    "=-lf. wr&;~J!~:tE~JL um? ff~Mt*M*1W1W
    ~?"

    cs) !fl .1: IXJtl-mitt 17,0 ~ , ~x-u 8Jt ;J' fl'i :tm iEI 1m : "ill~ i-E , EI'F x 1$ -r :JJJI w,
    §*llJJ~JL T?" ftf!fltfiiJ1J;}:f;r,~JL , ill: "a'Fx? @J
    ~T
    ~ '
    1'fhT?"
    ~
    Jl!J\ •

    ______o

    (8) JL-1'-~-Tlf~M-*-~, ~~~ T -:*:J;Jc, _m Wf:ftili T --1'-~ AEI<J 114


    ~fl'i.~m~mm~~~.~M~ :tm&To
    ( 9) ~ 11'1 ~ JL~~ Ji5 it* fiPHJrH.H lljiL, ~ llJ lljiL , ~ ~~ ~ !fU lljiL , ~ l~L~-* 1:1(; {tf!
    ill.ill..~:ff-t-*•·~;g~u , ~li~~~~~
    126
    tf~*, ifrtfCf-:JE 0

    (10) -~~J,~Jn7f~~Jllmtf1t~'tl'ttiff!1±_t~, ~Aht121~~!&3G:F, ~


    :w~~~~~.x%~~~ 0

    =, JIHilUE: iiij i~ §~Lox 1' iDHf.J x'f ~ :


    (1) A: f!Gjjlf~~filtltf~j(fijiji T, ~~Jllt:W89 o
    B: 0 Ut. * 71<-)

    C2) A: 1$~ %N/fi? IIIJ~JL/ff 11,~-TR&:kJ.J~z. iJtm89? ~f'H?<-T-t~L-=k-9:


    AT!
    B: • T ' 0 UR- ;Jjt A.-~ JJl., -i~ )
    (3) A: 1$~, f!GJFJF R&f$Mf.:ttll;l!;Bt~, P~ffl~ * 1±1~-tfL~j(:@, f$:¥J[;
    :f¥1 fiG~ ~'rt PE o
    B: - - - - - -o (-t-ilt-f-)

    C4) ~Jb~Jb: 1]' lffl9](R&fltiJl., fiE.~ ffl ~~M I'BJ :!lf M~ J3, 71E-irr lffl1f:~IDf
    fE~o

    (5) A: ~Z.~IfF' 1]\XJ]-~ A~~f~:!lfPJb?


    B: o C-+T~o)

    ( 6) :9: JL : fiE. iJl.lffl ](it fiG Ill: 11X , 1~ iJl. fiG-*~-* ?


    ~lb ~lb : JJIJ-* , IXJIJ iA i;R_ ](, o ( .tr 1l- *- ~)
    (7) A: ~Z.!lfi? 1!'.9~ T? JJIJ~ift :9:f!<-T!
    B: ~~fiG 5ftl ~ttfw;J ~ AZ I'BJ 89$ , ______a ( Ff r~Ff)

    (8) A: ~:i1tm~5E~~it'f. ~J!l)j:lf$~01!fi)ff!G89, {i!?.1tJ~X~~o


    B: frZ.:k~~! o (2f-#ll-=f1Mf)

    ( 9) A: ~ iJc tt~f!G ff] 89 J~' JtJ!~- ;g o


    B: o (;ff~T-=f)

    (10) ~~: ~-T1~89~~~, IPJR!~:k. 1*J~rW[](8Jt~:!lf89o


    ~lb ~lb: -=kiMiJar~ T , o ( -Jk:;G *itT~)

    127
    1

    ~n:~~.~m~~~m~~~~~~?
    ***-
    ( ~ t- J' !fa"~ M :itL vt1,&.- :itL.!Wr *-JL)

    ~~:~~mu~~*•u~To--~~~~fift~~~n-~*· ~T
    ~~~tt~~~.~~T-ftr~.~T~~$0
    ~n:.~?ft~~~~#~~~~--~AWA~~ . • 7A~-Ao
    ~~=m~oB*~~~~~~.am~~*T-~~~~~~~#~B~
    ~-r~~·**~~*T.m*~~-~T.~#~.~~~MWo
    ~.~~~~*~·MST, ~~~~~~.ttS7W·*~~~+
    ~Ao
    1]\I'Jfj: Jt~T~~~-~!llf{b{~~~~ "Ji-" ttl~~? ft~~~~jj~~JiliJIIJBo
    ~~: ~P~. ~~ft~PZ:$T=ef~. **~~!~~:if!{@ili~~if'~-rJL, "9:1
    ~1!k, t~~;mi~~, 1$i)t)gPq{t~$JLP3f!
    1]"1'11'1: Ji~~~i)t, 1$1n*nTH~W. ~,~JL~{l[T o
    ~~=*~-.N~~~-~~~##.m.~T~--~~·ToM~~
    ~iJt1%~~M1J~~M, JtiU T1J~JL-#, ~f~/Fnj{ll!tto
    128
    ~n:~~~*~OO*~fi*~~~~-OO~~*W,~ID~~~~*W7?
    ~~: ~ff]~;m~,~JL:I-1t!.~!f,ftc OO*mJ~. 1U ~~*~~-tl1&~ Y6~~~t:JJtl
    ~, fi~:klm~; mA~~ JL$~ tli -=¥-PIIDJ, J9T 12J. -T NBft~ -tl1&~ o
    1]\f'll') = :1ikPI!PL ~iE::ltJ?;ft~~~~~~lL PJt, -r JJ ~x~~t. PJTiJt~iE*~m
    ~1-T~;fL, il~1~:tt~~~~~!
    ~~=·-~A*~~~7. ##-=tn•a~M~~-.~~M-J1U-~
    PJTo~~~~~m7~?£W~M-~~*a~B.mfi~m*•w•
    ff*~~~~o
    1]\f'll') = 7-JTB£t_t~~¥u5ltft<f~. fiiJ**PJE? PJt. f~iJt, Pi1Hn~~m:fL, *~
    ~~~ifmu~?
    ~~: II)ij(jl¥f)Ln(g, ~~{l}iJto PJTiJt)~Jj(*f~X.&:fl~, ;'G~ @$?
    ~n:~.~~~~.~m•~•~•.&m~3~. ~ru~~~~o~.
    00*~-~ft*~ffM~-~.~*~~*mR~T.~~~ft~~?
    ~~=A*~~e~.~N~*~ff~~•:mu~~*o
    1]\Bl'I: *~0¥ 7, ~8Jt~f~&~i)t3]!~:L1t!,~ o
    ~~=~~~~~rrm~~~~~.&Y6Ma••~M:k~~o
    1]\Bl'I: f~~~-1jt, ~fftl~-JA-JA!
    ~~: PJl, ~~Wf~f~fjj~*~JL 7!

    1. _A!lr)dlif: *3A~~11t~o
    2. *~:@: ::f~'/t:@~ (:i1t!,~)o
    3. *:Bl~W-: ~1~~:1:-m~tt*~ff**iU-~o
    4. iJt~: -J,jf:JiJJJ!o
    5. ~~: t!V~B111~iJ o ·~-,~, ~-,~ o
    6. *:£)JJL: ~~' :fl~'!fo

    1. 1'in 1I~§UWJB~nPF~Tf~WJB~ (no hu bu koi t1 no hu) 5'


    *AiJt~~~~~3~iJt~A~~~~~~o
    Someone is talking about what the speaker does not like to talk about.

    129
    (1) ,J, oo3t:l ftiJ: "1-t ;r:;:~ iJi.~~ k;fa~"l!j? ~1-If-;~ Z. # T ?" {1!!;:I!Ai:4~~
    -f : " 1-t ~ Z. ~ 5i ;f: -Jt .fjt_ ~~ 5i ~ ! " ~ :itL~ 1f.- ~ "fiJi. : " 1-t ;f: 9;l:r !!. , {11!; -i-
    T iliJ 3Z. tlG ;r:;: -!- T , Jf- J:. ~ ;r:;: .:f- a "
    (2) '*-.:f--Jt:kt;~at1~:St.At;JJt:kf, *.~~MtJ:.~~T .~,JL3t~, &_~ju ,J,.
    ~5i;f:-Jt.fjt_~5i.«~T·~-~·· *.~Mat&.T*~,#~~
    Jt J 0

    2. -~EJZ;o(1JrXfrftWC~:t':tJ-~-* (ql bu do vr chu lai)


    % ~ )\. ~p. ~ {£ 4. 0

    Be angry; be furious .
    ( 1) ;;t ~JL-J- Jt.:~.J1~1~J:t TEl .:f- T , :t" * JL 6t ;f: { r - ~ .:f-, J:.-!-~ T {11!;- e.
    :f , "f £ :Bi ·til·ril J:t 1!; !!. : " -tX. ;Jr §E.1-t :!!. -1'- ;r:;: ~ 6t ~ tt- ~ o"
    (2) TEJjU~. ;;t~£-J-£-tL--Gi\.. 4t, j:_*~JL-J-IfT:lt.::fJll.;{f.;;lJ~f:. ~6t
    ;f:;jr-~.:f-.~-f£~·~~#;{f.J:tJ:.o

    3. 1-E (hua) J"~:'.l>~H:~ (yuanwangqian) ~i5t


    :m T **/f> &<m 1¥1 ~ o

    Pay more money than something is worth.


    ( 1 ) fiiJtl .:f- ~ at 1~ 111!. ;f: ~it 111 :i3i 111 (bargain with a seller) , A ~ iJi. ~ j.' ~ 1-1!!. ~
    i@- ~ ~}' , PJf YA 1£ J ;f: j.' :{. :f£~ o
    c2) -11~ ~ hA..-*- ;r:;: ~ -tX.1n ju J£ £. tt * JJI £. , ~ iJt." ~ 1t :{. ;J:£ 4\ , :Bi ;r:;: -:?117 ~ m
    c. jt 1-If- :kf 0

    4. ~]" (chule) Al&~ (haishi) A


    .7A~£A ~-~A~~~Am~mi¥Jo
    All A; only A.
    (1) 111!.-ftJZ.F.tT ;;l~:Bi~;;l~, 5t-f~:i!LJJtl~•·rt-.~,JL~;r:;:~*~o
    c2) -tX.1n ~ .$- .:t- jlJ;J:t 7~ , " £ F.t T Jf ~ :Bi ~ Jf ~ , ~ ;r:;: ~ - -1'- A , -tX.1n :kf
    1f-. jU J - -1'- JG A~ 1!!:- Jt.. o

    5. m1~s1~ 11m (de huang)


    A ?~'mE 12Sl:jg A Un:t "~, ~- ~" ~) Eff~~~/f>irrHIL Xl5t:o
    Feel ill or feel bad because of A ( such as "~" , "~ " and "~") .
    ( 1) ~-7hfil H~1lHJt, PJf YA J!.JL JZ.~~~ JL~)~-};;-, ~il>J;{f. ~ £ ;;l 1J'iJi.o
    c2) :!!. z. ~A* ;{f. ,J, ££ , :Bi ~A ;{f. ;tW J:l!l , ~ ~ n -Jt T ii Jr , -tX. :Bi ~ 1t 1-IY-
    t3o
    ~ 1~ ·tlt ,;WG •tJli •fJli ~fii T t:l:: -i- o
    ( 3) tp;,_ JL -t- -*R-111!. ~, *- _. t:l:: -i- 1i. ~ J&- , 111!. ;t- 1t 4f ·~ .lU~-1~ •!l.t , ~"t ~ 11!.. .:F

    *"To

    6. JZ~z!S:B~::t1'~B'.t~ (bu shl shfhou) j


    1± at rBJ _t ~it~ o *§IX li9 ~ 1~, iJl. "~at 11*" o
    At the ·wrong time. The opposite is "~ Ht 1!*" .
    ( 1) -$- ju 1f 1-t. J-J , ¥TV 1-f T o ~ 1f1 *- (f.) .:F ~ at 1~ , & :tr ;;t jU ~ J-J ~ Jf (f.) 1-t. ,
    1!l.~ 1f 1-t. J-J ~~ t~ r T- -t-~~ 'f ~(f.) ~r ~0
    (2) 111!.*-jlJ T f1 P, ~~jf:1~JJi!...{f.~-i-:i£-=F~at1~, E.~-ft~~o
    ( 3) ..::.. ~ *-1~ 1R-~ at 1~ , :kit- *- , ;If-- *-(f.) q_, ~ it iH! ~ T o

    1. f±~J'"l.)t (wang duole shuo) m~t!JWLJL+i' A


    !i ~ -ti!I'IJ 1#. "tt ~ lE 1#." ~ "~ ilt"
    0 0

    No more than. Also , "1± ~ lE i)t" or "~ iJl." o


    ( 1) .:F Jfl ~ -$- , k. i- -i- ;WG 1-T, ~ ~ li5 :!!. JL.:F ;k. lzl , jf.i % T 1Ji.11!.. ;WG _;_ "ll!1 3;5 J.t o
    ( 2) 111!.11'1 li5 if ~ J&- , ;t,t 1l jt' TEl *- , -lf-1£ % T iJi.11!.. ;WG TEl *- - ~ :Mia

    8. ::r=o~~~-~- (ylwofeng) 1~~~~~ "li-" l±lz!S:m


    %~A~-- 1~~Lii91if-=fo
    Like a swarm of bees (a chaotic crowd) .
    ( 1) *-A :i£ & *-1~ .&. iJi. -i&- ,.1i ~ .£ (f.) ~ ~ 111 t:.d& - ~ *t 1~V- J.t .llg t:1:: lll1i *- ,
    T 111!. , ~ 111!. i i '-t , liiJ :!!. liiJ fJ~ o
    (2) k.~ .£ 1t *- T - Jt J1tr i!T? , .:F :9;P ~ o/J~- -t- J]I li5 if .1i ~ jU ~ ~ J:. -i- T o
    "·f}c, •f}c!" J}I.i. if- i- .~J.t11!.1Jt.:k. ~, i" ~ M ~1!'1-;% !f!tJ;t.:fJfl t:l:: T .1i~ o

    9. ft:::~f1~1S:~ (cou) t~~mliW (remao) o~


    OO~JLA~~Iiffl1Jt-*OO~JL, -tl!tff Bf~1lUI~T J<..:lit~J#~J! o
    Join in the fun. It also means add to the trouble.
    (1) ;fl~- ~~k. T, /"--~1~ T -*-f-(f.) ~~#.*A-t, ~11!..-i-~ T +~~ f.iil
    * *,
    o

    <2) r.t ..f- _g. 5CX. ~ ,;ro , ..ff. -t a , ~ M k ~ (f.) _g. 111!. ~f. -i- ~ ~~ 1;ro -=F Pf , ;WG

    ( 3) :!!. JL 3t #. :t
    *
    ~iii ~ ;};- *- 11!.. jt' .:F T -fit o
    1f.. ;f.. *- ;f.JG .:F itt ' 1!.1~ >llJl ~ 11!.. .:F ~ J; ' ~ ~ #,{£ (f.) ,r;Jt & -t-11!..
    *~~f.iil, ~*-rm,£.£;WGM-t--=F*o

    131
    10. ~~i)l( (haojiahuo)
    nx iitl , ~~ t6n~ !!\t ~ 11)(. o
    Gosh. It is an exclamation of surprise (in either admiration or dismay) .
    (1) ~»--~J:.~~-;ctr:m7](.*· *~1*-! JJ~z.,J,~-+~VE!, J:.lii~~
    1f 3i. 1'-- 5if- Q~ ( bullet hole) ! 1~ ik. 3;P it. i!.1J:. {r 1-1-;;ff ~ ffi 1: !
    (2) *41-%1Jf~~p;kj*lf-~Jt*~~J1#, ]11 "~h11't", ~-;t, *~
    1*-' rt~.!3/'i£X.o
    ( 3) tl:: JJ\!.1£1-1!!. n~ 1W ~ Jt- *- JLI- ~ o 1-1!!. ~~:.fa T , ·~ .£. Ji.lW~ o ":itt ~ 1*- ! i!.
    Z. ~ ! " 1-1!!. f;J1 JL ~ 3;P it. ij: :7\:-. 7}t1'fl~ - 1'-- T o

    11. 1Wi):2.~D~~tZ.~U5.F (zhe jiao shenme sh1 ya)


    ~~iJH! Axt Jlt~ 1¥1 /G~ !!\t 'W! ~ o
    It indicates that the speaker is discontented with or angry about something.
    ( 1) k_:i± * :W!. "Jf jjl, -:!ill. #-1~ it 1f. ;j' ? .l!; ~ 1t z. :W!-1!l ~if Jilt' ·~ ~ '
    y.A_Jf; ' 0

    ~ "'11t Z. • JL "~ , •J' ,Jdr ~ YIG ~ .l!; JJ~ Z. *-


    "Jf ~ 1:&- o
    (2) ~~~~~~1JL: "~~Iit1tZ. • .tf!..)~;;{f, Ylr..Jt-~~ P1 ~, f~tJI] ~
    ~!' f~Jt~%-1£-, it~}lA.~-Jt~#i>t3t, ~ 111 1f Z. *"~ o"

    12. Qf~~J"illilVtt.IBZ.IQJ~ (jiu name huf sh1) 5


    /G ~~ JJ!J 3lf ' 1!l- JiiX !!\t j'lj ~ ;ff ~~ JJtll¥1 0

    Not very good; so-so.


    ( 1) 1f. ~t :kt} vA 1W , :kli -t.;;{f ~ :ff- JJ~ :f-f- ~ J!JH~ , ~7 ~ , -f- ~ ~t :ktr T , .:t ~ jt :ktr
    -~~Z,~•.~~Jt:kli~~~Z,·~o
    (2) -lf-.:ZX?, ~11'1~~-t~T-*..::..m~o xt-t~~~~~~iJL, .1..~
    *#:kfT~~o~~jt~Y,t~Z,~·.-~~*#:kf~i£Jt~~~o

    13. ill~~=-f' li$l0 Jtli Cbuguo rud)


    ~-~~~~.~;fffr~~~I¥J.~~*:tlfo
    So-so; passable; barely acceptable.
    ( 1 ) ~ 1f1 **T VA X? ;f 3;P it. • ,Pjf iff ~ ..£ ffit 9rp • 1~k ~ *- -*-i!. -t. ~ :i± ~11 Jlt
    11
    0

    (2) ~ ;f~ "Jf T VA k' • T #Jt ;fiX.: 11


    "~VA 791~ 1f 1t z. ~ jjl, '7t. ~ ~-t. ~ :i±
    ~11 Jl:t ! "

    c3) ~ + * 1~ -r ;ff; ~ $)};! • m]Jip ffitl foJ 1-1!!. JJ~ JJlf! J:. - ~ , 1-1!!. - at ]Jip 5~% ~~ , 1cJ1
    di1-¥Jl -*.. 1J1 T o JJ~ 1'-- * ~ -J- 3t ~ iJL : " 1~ ~ Jt 7!L .+ 11~ ? ~ *-711. Jt: -t. ~ :i±
    ~11 .JI:t ! "

    132
    14. ~B~~Jm:m (daluhuo)
    i* JA 1¥1 • -f.& 1¥1 IDL *
    Popular goods of average quality.
    ( 1) ~fiJi. : "A ~ Jt * 'Jt ~ , 1t Z. ~~ Jt :it , 17- ~ Jt i2t :i!. ;iff :};:.)?~-if ~A ~ ,
    it /f: 1:(f- il: A ~ Jt if; ftt. o"

    ( 2) ~ 7 JlAf vJ. J€; , 1-1!!. .it~ ~ C.. ~ ~ /f: Jt it- 3:. , mj Jt lTt -til~*~ ~ ,t, J:. JfJ
    ~k~~o

    15. ]2S;\JlllBJ LS~t:I:P¥ (no de chO sh6u) a~~


    ¥$~m~.~~m~m~~Adm•~~A#o~&I¥J•m&"*~
    tf:F¥" o
    Something is presentable. The opposite is "*
    (1) ~/f:jf:;f:(f~ C..JtftZ.-t~. ~_R*:it4~i:fi~, _gff_jf-~~ftl&1i}:it,
    ~ tf:1 -=¥" .

    ~::tf~il tl:: +~A it~ ~1f- ))J o


    (2) :W?..xt~C..1R-::tf1-t·~. ;f)G3t,:kt~il#. -+~- ~i'R. -~~5~1ltl::--t-!-,
    -~~5-ifif ;k_;k.~_g__xk_o
    (3) :$ JtJJl]Ai2t~;:fL4-h, ~;;~~Jt-::...1JJk4\~, ~11'11i<Ji·~ i~ 7 _;f.~, ..=-
    -t- 7 Jk 4\ ~ :j; ~ f;fj jL ~ /f: tl:: + 0

    16. llt!Hm"t A::t:~i§i-3=- Cai mianzi) 5'


    'fErfltA~ ~ Jl§, 'fSfM ~ § B 1¥1 1* l!iL
    Be concerned about saving face ; be sensitive about one' s reputation.
    ( 1) ~~ ;ff :9r A~ at 1~ , 1-1!!.1!l1i<Ji /f: 1-f ~ ,zj· , ~ ~ 1t -a A - t-f- , <if Jt 1-1!!.11'1 5l ~
    Jt~ rilf~ A, J'Jf vJ. 'T ~il:Y:. #"~ JJJL~_jt1:(f1~1n:Jt.--t#l~ -){t JL o
    (2) - -Jt:kf; ,J, ;f;f.~ riJ f , ,& jt 1:(f--:tl!2 *-1Ji. ~ C..1t Z. ~ /f: ~5 jj,, ~il: ~#A:$
    /f:~.~~~~-~.~aa~~Jt~~o

    11. mm:rnH£P~7fD*-3=- (da zhang lion chong pangzi) ffil$


    ~·~TW~~#W&*~d-§B&00h.l¥1$o
    Puff oneself up (beyond one ' s means ) .
    ( 1) - l>Jf 1-1!!. iJt. :k~ ;:fL ~ 4! ..=- -t- *- ifJi )$ , ;t F* i!G 51); 1-1!!. : " ..=- -t- *- ? 7JF 1:(f-.ft, %_~Y 4\
    '1f? 1;f- ~ ~ i& iff- ·tt ot. iii /f: :1-ri.i!.? .tr Jlf ~ it. JJt f 7 , ~ .~. JL _g_ # ;WG
    J51]
    1-t 7 0"

    + ;
    c2) -:lol-kli .R J.tLm 1~ , 5~ ::tr ~5 n ;WG JJIJ -*- 71F ~ L , · 1<r ~ .tr Rr ~ it. JJt -r o/t ? .flJ
    :J_J€; it /f: Jt §l e.. ~ ~ \1~?

    133
    18. ~[§]~~-@ (qTngyfse) ffilmDE§~
    ~~~~-#~~-~~r-~-~~~0
    Uniform; identical; all of the same color. ·
    (1) ~~-fitif./ffffiJ]-3\.~klt_, ~klt-~~;t-3\.~&. ~**~*~~
    '*Jt_o
    (2) 4M "f If, FA~ If, -f-1il *- ~kJLk..=-t-n. ~ ;;~* J:..Aa
    (3) JJ~~t.-:k-A;R$<rlf.t!tl'.fi! !:&A~?A;t:Hio-$-, 1WJL;t*-~~f,F~JI!f!

    19. {qJ3-*0Je (heku lai ne)


    :f:,~,~~til1~-*~ (it§B~j;Yi, ~1mJ'~I¥J$)o ttLiJt "Mw"o
    There is no need ; why bother. Also , "M W" .
    (1) -=-~~xh:kl!.i3i.: "1*~-=f~~"~T, ~k1"J-t=-*-%? ~k~*lt-te-1*-~
    A~ 1El *-, ~ifu::F{~$1*, ~~<if vJ. ~ 1* ~o"
    ( 2) 1* 1n ~ # 1~ , Jl9CAJ\ ~ T 111!. ~ ? *, 1* 1il ~J~At , 1"1" -t=- *-% !
    ~ ~1f&. T
    ( 3 ) ~ 3t :t iJi. : " 1* ~ k 1"1" -t=- *-% ? 111!. ::F ~ -.f; -!- ifu $. T , 1* .=J F.:fi:. :t ~ -!- ~ &

    20. IIi::*::)~ JL ( sufdaliur) o~


    Ji\E!1f::k~~)\.-J,jt-J,!~fMl~$o
    Go with the flow; follow the crowd.
    ( 1) JJ~ lf.t ~ ~ JJJJ ~ k% -l'f~i,tJ:...f'F T , ~~l!!ik ~ JL ~ J:. T ~it .9l o
    (2) :kt_fL ';f :RJil~ Til ;Jt ::F l!!i k ~ JL, .~ ~~ !:& ,li, JL Ej A. ::F M *-, ftjf vJ. if lf.t
    x[t X, lili},li, JL 3t >'i> o

    21. {ili{I'JWLMU*~e~H~ (jicm ruan de nie)


    1(-flWc:fjj_~~)\.o
    Bully or take advantage of those who are weaker.
    (1) 1~.1..9..~-iJL: "-!-~#~~!:&~, 1*;h1t~::F.t!tsk}J? ;h1t~::F.t~ts¥~~
    ~? WJ WJ ;f~ls J:. ~ ! ~ ::F k -t f1 ~ .fk. ~ 4¥ 11_!!; ?,
    ( 2) JJ~ .l!:.t. A :iji J;r- T , -t ~ .fk. ~ {Jl , 1* ffiU T JJ~ JLifu ~ 11. T , J'Jf vJ. 1* 1l- ~ 111!.11'1
    ,li, JL$ ~, 111!.11'1 ifu::F ~$k ~ 1* T a

    22. ftQTD~~l'i&D~ (yon bu xia zhe kou ql)


    '!it 1¥1 We fA ~ ~~g J?J l!W 0 ffi Nl¥1 :t: Jif!, tJt "PI!! r ~ n ~, 0

    Cannot swallow an insult; cannot bear the shame. The opposite is " PI!! r ~ tl ~"
    134
    ( 1) J3iS ~A a~ iJL it-.. At ]1; 5ll:!PJiL?}. ~ dQ Jitr , 4'- ~ ~ J} -IlL 1!1 ~ T ~ P q_, 1 , 11

    ~~*A~m••· ~~#~~~~·?o
    (2) ~fflA}, -f-.£.5l;t#t, 1~;jJL;t 111!1r~P q_,ve,, ~-=f~Ii1ft., +.:f~llto

    23. IJl ~ ft fitiL 1:S: tt 5~ :± ff }~ 1' t~ ~ Ctao ge sh uiSfo)


    ~*~~-~0~-~~~~*~~~0
    Arrive at a reasonable explanation orconclusion.
    ( 1 ) :it~!!. *-- *- 5t}] :it~!!. i>L , OC .~ A ~ .k. ,f. ~ 11: ~ ;1ft 1 , JJ~ ;j)L Jf. 1"e. , <if :it~!!. ~ -t ,
    :itlk.~A~•#+~~' ~ft~~~-.£.-~~~1o
    ( 2) - f VA WJ , 1!1 I*J - ~ l±: p 1£- .&_ ~ JIJ * 1!1 a~ ,&_ 1>9! f]lf lfo) ~ , 11!:. ffl jJ * ~ JIJ
    :k!!l~~EWa·~~~k.&.~EW~~1a ~~~k~!!lJ-~l±:
    p 1£- .&. M: * ;!.] m ~ "-it i>L ~ , ' 1!1 I*J a~ rj)f f!f.J ~1t -IlL~ ~~ n -:t-it ' M;- -f 1
    if ~m a~ ~li .i!L

    24. A~~Fog (yOu houtai) 0!11


    J§- mf::tf::tf 1X ~ ~ A:5[ :t4f o
    Be backed up ; have backing.
    (1) *-~:ft.rixi~i>L, ia:kA~J!~/ff ~ i?, l±: 1 ~~*-a~*-!k_, T-=t-tJL
    ~-~~~'t~#o
    (2) •J'? k1f ~ f; a~, ,.;i~JL#~ *· -Ttz·t::k:%-iftJ ~ *, .~~ ~ ft't o

    Be tolerant.
    (1) ~:t-1tJ,.;i:;ft-=f .£.~~·~· -+~-IlL•*-· i1t~~-l1;, PJfv'Ai!.r.A*--tJL
    iJ:..~;.;)---0
    (2) ~k + .tr M_ *;1ft~~. a~ A, J3iS ~ •J' ~it 4\. ::l YL ~-IlL il.1i!:.. ;_ ~}-, 12- 11!:. ;.;__
    ~ -t ,ik ,t,t ... 0

    26. ~ffi)j)}fiafijgf?J±:l\:JII (gebo neng nTngguo datuT) ffi1


    •aw~M*m ~~~&::trW~&~~~~B*~o
    The weak cannot resist or conquer the strong.
    o ) :it~!!. ~ ~-~ ~ _$(_ -tt M;- :it~!!. ~ 1J a~ J3IS n -A~ *- , :it~!!. x_ 1± , l$1 1± , <if ~ -:t ~ JJ.f # ~
    1±*-•· ~~ia:k~_SC_-lg:-~~~-11±*0
    ( 2) ~ ffl #J 1 ~ j' )J;t M' 'Pf 1 ~ j' g); JL' <if Ji& JJ.f # ~ 1± *-.' 11!:. ffl i£ k $
    135
    - .. 11M 1' 00 1Jil tl a<J iiij i.g :
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    tEJtli.OOff9,J\fl]~-t;::1±, ~~m1f1~:i1!J§, tHJt, uP4ft~~P~, 00~
    ~~*Ell9, ~~~1±A~?m~~Awcreu~~WT~:i1!£~ffo

    c2 > f!IPF * ~ iJt. "n ~ ~1$1f11A 11\ W'f t~Jt 1m Et9 J§ *, m~ , n ~ iJt I!Jt M tR:
    0

    ~TffM~M,X~~T~Aillff9M~.M**~'m~ffi!ffl_tT
    lit' 1t~ tJL~iJto

    (3) ::k~.lff!:i!t*, ~r~r=f:lff9Jjv§., -JilJm!®;;&-JiliJt: "1lf*fk, ~R


    JL3¥TM~::klt~·, - rl®n:itf!_t PJJ\tffi"!"
    (4) ~xtl1fgmllfflf~n~Et9itS, ~~ llff~~:tE ~§c.~ "*~", ffi!~~x
    ~x•.~_t~•:tER~£~~~Et9,~~~~tr-~*o

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    n~:JGT !" ::k~IJ-Jil~-Jili3to

    .!!:1:. 1+1 A •::c. nh ':I '31 +;!; '*'


    -- .. ~ m 1=1 J.e R~.(JRJ J;~'~ ~ :S:: :

    f.itk~JL -~~ ~ril-1- rn--~ *-~~ ;{i~ JjJt JJFZ- TEl.


    ~Jtat1~ ~~~-Jt~~~
    co ~x>tffi!iJt: "1$4-:X*1~PI _ _ _ _ _ _ , •:t£~1~-t;::~m:%~
    1'- A' ~~ @]*P§ff11'}:tJ<lfr~~:&:~PE. o"

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    A~o

    (4) u~:m~t~1$lr*ttil? >rr~, ~ %~~:i!* T, _ _ _ __


    MM*.1$-~~-~:i!!!~~~£.~H~Wt~o
    136
    (5) 1m* T&$A, 8Jtti31J~~~,~:*I¥1A~ Tr*, l~1£f$*~P~, it~ if§
    fti¥J~ I¥J~QM·,~~--~--~~I¥Jo

    (6) 1J~~c:cr.m.I¥1:9:I&:ff$P, mJm/Ftt=+~, ~


    ~fi/F:*,~/F$~~-~.m•*fi~I~+=~~~o

    (7) 1J~~*J!.:tE!fffliS!IU~trl¥1a1f'*, Wte-- A:fF~_t*~~~mw., m~rm


    *~'~::(£§BI¥1m~£,ft~~~ To
    cs)
    ~I¥1H~--~ ,
    *~I¥1~QA.~~H~~~:w:xx*ft~~JbliS-- ~~m, fm1niJfs~*~
    J={:ff5'~~A7f*1J~JL~o

    (9) A: 19f~;J\I~iX~mx.&Jm.tt, 'Y3*~ Jlt!.fmft riiJ riiJ~~~ rm• o


    B= 1m iE ~ J3: *Xi tt ~ , 1$ J1U , :wt JJi!. 1m me Ji!LHm tJt~
    JLiWi~l¥1 o

    =- , mm~ WJ tit 7f p)i; l' oo a9 xt ~ =

    (1) ~~: )~ _t~$fJ3:#~tEmW.t!~UE, PEffllill~-~P~o


    ML:!tll: ~~ mg~~? §JIJ~T, 0 c1t~.t£~)

    (2) A: 1$1J~~ mraj~*l¥1, :J't~mM. 'Til!}~~~?


    B : jj~ ~ mfa]~ tf I& 1m , a (A 1-1- •OC)

    (3) A: ~*~ft:9:Miftl¥1~ E!, 1$~ftnitttl!-il1ilHw~~fF?


    B: _ _ _ _ _ _ o (~;f:~-f-)

    (6) A: 1mfMc~~:*::f~iET, {$fr]~{t~::f!OC&x>J1lli~?


    B = 1mx:*~ftU*, 0 cit-=-~)

    (7) A: A.*/F~~mll!tr~T~, f$fllfllJ~'*mW:YIP:fJ'§PJ~?


    B: :;f~~I¥JfiiJ~, a (it1-'13Uk)

    137
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    ~ili=ft•~•*m, ~-~~~I~~~.~-*~~00?~~-~~?
    f~PJ~~Jii-T-a>f£J~P}f o
    ffiiE: 1J~~1f1~? ftB~fl~±~T, -IIJU!i15-lf~~_t-t;;T, tJr.~Wt1tt~*'
    i!J Mf!*ft WtlElHtMfJt.W ~ tfff T o
    ~ili:~~~~~A~T,PJ~A~~~~~-~g~m~M . • if~~!
    f~ ~ 'tS $fir®! -'¥'f. xt f~ 1ff ~ *?
    ffi1:.:~fi-~~--~~-o-~A~~-~•,gm~.••*~$m
    =f~,ijj(;o
    ~ili: i3t1~m~o ~:ti, ft-1lmfCJ1'-~jt, ~~JL:l!kf~jj*~~W¥~1Ye?
    f~1J~~I~17!1ff1dP1<JL~, ~y Alf~iUkt~fl~m:f1f:itt-t;;!Yeo
    ffiiE:ft~-~--®A,~-~~~T,17!*~~Am~~~~~~.­
    _tmW~;e-m,•-~:l!k-~-®--~~.~~~~~~-~.*·
    *' ~-fH~, -,~)LJEg£$-tl1~=f, m~®A~-®·~•,mo
    ~w=•·~fi-~fi.~A~.~m~•~~~fi•m~~~~~•••
    tJJTP>fo
    ffiiE: ft~~~*~~ -t;; T, f~~Jt!ft~~*$JL, iJt-m rPJ*~1l*1l -t;;,
    138
    /Ff~j]~Jfu~ftt~~t3?.~, J9f~~JLESftlHI!~:<$:.79:~~. ~~~119:.-tlL_§_
    jt, H3J'~IlZ~B"5a J't~lfu:J!/FJJ:, £~-lfPES~. ~ES~~:t£j]~JL-,~
    ifL /F :X>t o JLa
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    ~~:~~~~~-~~-~fi1~T.~W~mM.~ES~~m•.~m­
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    ~LlJ:~~-m~ES.W~~-.~-tlL~~*•~m••••~o
    ~~=•~mw~••·•~m~~••/F•.~•~•~m~~. ~•*
    ~§~.&~-:t£~~-z.-tlLRT.~fi1~-~W3~~0
    3f LlJ : j]~ 1~ 1:14 MIfF lli!l?
    ~~: ~1TJI:~)1·N, *±JH~I!?Jlf, /Fn, ~~~L.,]I[if11I11Il.t, /F%1J!!iUT
    j]~JLS::~ ~t:f o
    ~LlJ: ~mlfQ*T, ~~1'-3C*/F~ESIPJ~:tE*±JII, -*TMJL~T. ~re!tl!
    ~M:f~.~m~~1:14~~~.~/F~~w~~-re. mn#M~•o
    ~~: IIi, jjptJ:kMT o

    1. Wf~ (cfzhO: -m*M~§BB{]JlR~. ±7W~*~7f. :0Jc1f:§B~at1Afi:ES


    IfF o (resign)
    2. f=ff=f ( baibai): {I} Ji!,, ~~-ffl bye-bye ES"W~ o
    3. r#if: :0Jc1f:Jllt*B{]IfF~~~~o
    4. P]ij!JjPifllif (dfdi gOgO ) : Jj\Pf~~ o
    5 . iE §£ $ : iE ~ ES fi: o ( serious affairs)
    6 . M )ljffl )ljffl : 1~ M , ·If t£ ~ 1it o
    1. s1t (da): m~m. /F®f'Ffflo
    8. *~ (zhan) §~ (zou): 1tPfttr*:tfg$•!f~TW1i~M:f~~o (act first and
    report afterwards)
    9.ilin#M~=*§m~":t£~•~~. mn#M~". m~7f~§~~M~
    !iffiW WJ o

    139
    Be hotheaded ; impulsive.
    ( 1) ;t *
    ;ff I~- J€; •fig: ' i>t : " ~ at -'!\ jl~ T ~ ~y- itll ' llJf :kt i>t 1-f ~F ~ !if ·t4- , -'!\ {f) ~
    -f--~~;fJG$-)!1. T:kto"
    ( 2) :St. ffi '$" '$"% ~-'!\ , T- ft ~ • ~ ff. it •I'Jt- , ~ 7t Jt T -1Hiit , ~ ~ Jl~ -r ~ ~
    T-1~·0

    2. ft8t~:tJAE.:E~ (do dlng zhuyi) j


    r~{.' T, ~JET o
    Make up one' s mind.
    (1) :k.-tt:.~.trlt..£~, ~-;}JL-JL~~. fl!!.~~:;ffitit;ff1iit~:i!.~~:i!..
    +
    1i. .:£ fl!!. ~ aft J:A f JL :kt- lit ~ !if o
    ( 2) -'!\ .tr Jt. .£ ~; ~ %-iff fl!!. i t - m, >t 1-f ~ l ~-'!\ 1n .z. fal 3t_ :k. €fJ ~ ·Itt ·r:k: o

    3. i.)ti,5g1L (shuo hua jiu) :lttT"*


    i5t ~ ~ + VP :b!; 1: , 1~ •!9c ( {i~J\t $ ) o
    In no time; no sooner said than done.
    ( 1) ~u *- ~ x-t-'!\ 111 i>t : " aft fli. i>t it" ;fJG 1iit ~ T , 1-t-1n ;YJc.{f. -'!\ it JL 11t lle 0 "

    (2) jtlTfl!!.~, fl!!.~1f_, fl!!.2tA.ii:-'!\1nltt£~-~JL, i>t11!!.~~-;!-T, i>t


    ~'f> ;fJG 1E1 *- 0

    4. Qfill:J\®11J11Nffila-~dom Choulu) t9/Fm Cliu)


    ~~~ li-~ill~~j)}jJJ-a
    Leave a way out or an escape route.
    c1) :kt ·rj!Jttj!f J;t1f. ~ JR ~ T - & *- -r ,
    J9 €fJ it~ me. 'fif- c& J€; ~, :;? - ~+ *-
    )~;trT1-R-$, §J G:i£;ff-t--J;t::t1io

    ( 2) -'!\ 1h~ ;ff ;fe:. +* {f) 4~ ± ~ fit *- ' -'!\ »-.- -Jt :k€> ;fJG ~ 1!. it#~ 1t ~ ~ *- *
    ~ , ~ me. 'fif c& J€; ~ Jt ~ x-t .x.- ~ €fJ 0

    5. 11JI/F 1ilfj.$lli®1~~ (dul) 11JI~~)ti (you kanfa)


    ~(¥AJ~-~ C~¥A)~--~~~-~o
    Have complaint about somebody.
    *
    c1) -'!\ $E. .#-11!!. 1n €fJ ~ .t- 1tk , ~ Ff -'!\ •\J £ x-t 11!!. 1n it ~ 1iit ;tr ;t 1. -'!\ x *, 9

    it 1'-- 19- ii €fJ .lfR ~ , ~~ ;ff ;J:.vtH>t "~ " a


    ( 2) 1£ !!.. ~ ::t ~ _t ~ ;:i- :7.1: ~ f.i) j1[ _t ' -'!\ ~-it * ;ff- Jtl:. ;t *'
    1. it it~ -J) ~ 9

    140
    ~~~~. ~-~0 ~~~~~~~#1, ~~~fta~~~~~~
    A. ~ ~~~~JiL-t- o

    6. -1' A~~if!iu:J~, Fou:J~ (qion pa lang, hou pa hu), ~~mt1t0~1~d9T-


    1'!$Z
    :ff1~~ J®tm :W m 'L' 0
    Fear wolves ahead and tigers behind: be full of fears or worries; paranoid.
    U)~-~4: "f~~·~~~~~. ~-+k!A, ~~~%-. ~
    ·ra
    £ ~F ;L 1T lfr?" .
    c2 > 111:. ~ jtJ. ~ J..t. JL _,t «9 *J.ft, J ~ ~ i~ ~ ~ 1±1t ~ ~if «9 # r A, 111:.1n
    ~m~-~1±•! ~~~~~~A. •111:.~~. ~~~%•. ~%
    JX Jt!!, ~ :ilt JJ ~_i j[ ~ 0

    7. ft-][~I'OJ1'~~ (wen ge ]iOjlng)


    ~~S~~~~~OO$offm~"~~~~,~m~~~"~o
    Ask what actually happened; get to the bottom of the matter. Also, "~~~:Jt",
    "~m~~~,.
    (1) ~~;;tt:l:l11!:.1fl*-*1j1ljif@..~AJL~:Jtt, 1t~1j1JjA-;tl$] 1 %1}$, ~A
    ~~i.t, ~ ~-1!!..,~-kf-!- :t-*1121+1L ~0
    (2) ;;t Ml!.it-.t«9- ¥., · ~JLR 1n~.~ ~1.i-~~ 1\;J + 1r. ~. jtJJt~ ~~ 1J ;_
    ~ 1f 111:. ~ ·ra t.!1, }(_ 0

    ( 3) -ft. 1m .£. 69 A -1!!.. ~ lfJf YL 1 ~ -z;;- ~ p ~ ·r~n19 A tt~ , ::iJHt!.i± *- ;;t + 1r. ~ o

    8. 1m~~1'-I11=t9I~~EI37J<)L (you y6ushuir) B'SJ


    x1 § B:ff:fif~, :ff~umoo o
    Profitable.
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    (2) 11!:.J(.i-1>L: "'Ji ~;t-+*T1l:, ~;M.~~m·ta~J,1it: J-+*-~1n£!.;Li~
    -ki± ,f- V!1, ~ ~ ,J,1it~4~ 1fli!..£. ~~;t 1t ~ iw JjZ-JLo"

    9. ~:':)) A~¥U91J.tnm (zhao menlu) ~mm~Oftl


    :J'~gg~~J § EfJEfJJJ~~~~o
    Solicit help from potential backers; solicit social connections.
    (1) ;t -1$, .:Jt .1. l!l ~ AA. :Jt' :4t~1 ~.-tA..9r Jt!!. i,2] A, - J..t.*-r ~ .9l' 11!!. ~ ~ ~1 «9
    t9'L# • .t*.flJI&-;JE.~,l-~-** 1, -f1t!.~.i!t. ~~at 1 o

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    141
    10. -_tJJJIWLE-~, iW-i}l( (sa y1 qun, lia yl huo) tm~7:t-€DiijOiijD[JDo
    -® A:%JJHI~:t£-®o
    In small groups.
    ( 1)T iJfU·4-- _fo - ~ , '*
    ~ 1n 1~- ~ , 1~ -1:k J;t j{iJ -tfc ~ Ii€!, -!- , -tfc J:~ J:. 4lJi at -
    Jt :ik.3t? 0

    c2) ;tt -r x ~ A.* T , !if 1-tt 1n :Jf<f:: 111 :!± * , ;; Jt. §t --t£ izl ~ , 1~ - ~ , 1~ -
    1:k J;t 1~? X. i~ ::t 0

    11. *~ *, [§~ ~ (dong jia chang, xT jia duan) 8SJ


    ttlltui5lii;~~.mzrBJ I¥1$~JJtlA.I¥1~:f!Fj!~~ o
    Gossip about other people' s or neighbors ' affairs or matters.
    ( 1) - Jtl I 7Z. , % A.1fJ ilL -{f.~ tr T .tr .:fr Jt , l' ~ -T JI€!.
    1
    *Ji8-!- J;t it ::t iit , :t-
    k k 1fHlU ~-{f.-~ 1J; ~ *- , ~ ~~.ft. J;t JWF 3Z. JL o
    *
    (2) ;ft-J- Jf_ ~ :n~ Jtl::. A.I*J ff 8t .. -t' JZ.JZ.-{f. -~ :t- ~ *' ~~~.ft.' 1t ~ ..
    Jtl 7 :W!.1f111Jt X ilJG 1& Jiiij T o

    12. 11:9{1'1~ (shl) 1ill11'], 1-m~ (shl) 1-m


    A~A,B~B A~B&~~*~~-~o
    A is different from B; or, A has nothing to do with B.
    ( 1) ~!:. #-.tt- T ~ -f , ~ ~ iJL : "1;f- ~ JJ~ xJJ ~ , ;,A_ /.ir yJ.. ~ , 1-lt it 1-lt , .t\ k ~ ,
    ~~~1-lt:i!.~-i'--JL-J-, 1-lt~5~~:i!.k--~~T a"

    ( 2) .t\ 1f1 ~ ~ ~ :fJ7 ~ Jfi_ /F *- - # ' :kt ~ - lk *:!±.A ~ -Z ~ ik :h .A 11'1 1~ ;r-: ~


    :1!., J;t{d:.;l\_~§;f,., .AiJL: "~it~, ~it~o" ;?;~~' .A:Jh~;/fft~1JG
    ft&~o

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    R_ 3t ::t iJL : " *' ::t jle. ' :W!. ~ it :kt ~ ' ~ ~ it .t\ ~ 0 "

    13. 1-m~B::f:~ (fan bu zhao) b6J/:;J1lli11'1~t81"~fllffifllffiBSJt~t&@tJJ j [ f


    ~ !16, ~ ~ 'Mf~ Cfii~Jit $) 0
    There is no need to or it is not worthwhile to (do something ) .
    ( 1) *' ,
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    IiR-1-lt 11= ~
    *
    0 "

    ( 2) .#p ¥! -iJL : " .t\ )~ -1f :ti 1f M-1~ -r , it .A ~ if- 1;f- ~ -iJL , ilJG iJL ~ ; ~ .1!; ,
    0

    142
    14. 11.Mil1~ ~ ~ /iJ fill1i'J Wt ~ 1' P3-!llffi lllffi B'SJ ~ tJ.H9e Ctieton wan) :tJJ J" ~
    1~ ::ff 1¥ilE 1¥1 " ~ Ji I¥J IfF o
    Iron rice bowl ; secure job.
    ( 1) §_-It~~ -.t m c.. a~ Jj{ -r *- !!I * ~ ~ (state enterprise) ' iA Jg ~ .l ~ ~ t&
    li~, -1tt-T~:::GJfl jtif§ 10
    <2) ~ 1n f:t-11, /~ 1: a~ .:r:.1t J- it±i~ :1r -.t ;$ 1 , 1lL ~ .J'l fr tll! * ~~ - ~~ , -;;r 5t.
    't 1~~#+ .£. av~ t&~·t& <r ·tifav 0

    15. {'l.R9D~ft~~*$JL (hu116ish1r)


    ~o :iJ! :&; W!& tRJJU A o
    Know how to please other people.
    ( 1 ) ~~1ft ~'Jf -i~ , 1!L 1ft% .*- :f JL , 1t ~ :f ~ Jl@l :i -:k7J -:k7i , J'Jf VA -:k7i -:k7J ~ -! ~k ~ ,
    .& 1~ 1~ 11!!. M- ~ * .+. V!J ~'t 0

    (2) ~J£~~f:t-4Pl~dQWJ/G%.*-:fJL, J'Jfv:.<;ff1t.Z.-B-:f1JL.JtJ~ 1 ~-f.lf.o

    16. ~~~BltlJ ~~m CmaPHTng) ~})'H5


    [P] JJIJ A i'f:tlf" is !?7 Jre 1¥1 A o

    Bootlicker; fawner.
    o) :ft. & J£ ~ i!L ~ JL ~ ~ Jb :tk -v .t* ~ ~ ~'Jf- av -i>t, ~ 1n F>J ~ Ji aJc ~ 1-F ·tt ;;r, ,
    ~1!,JiA.Jg ~1flit•J,~k1t.t, *~~:::G~ 1-t ~1f11>L a~
    ** JL
    0

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    ~ ~~ # RJt 1 , m.t~ ~~ ~ 1 11!:. av * ~0

    17. ~ ~ ~B JJ:I:J ~Itt~~ t~ i5 ( hu1 shuohua)


    1~ %iJt:tlf l!iT 1¥1 il:JJU A% x_X 1¥1 il5 o
    Know how to speak in order to please others.
    <1) 11!:. 't 1~ mc.. ~;t *- ~ +Z-1~ i$ ~ , );t *- ~ Jf& EIJl , ~;t *- ~% 1>t 1~, ii 1-t a~ *
    :f :1L E ii it~ a~
    *,
    0

    (2) *- -BL i>t : " .-t 1;t- ~ ± 4H>t 1~, 4 - 19l~ 6J ~ i>t 1t, -:k7i -:k7J a~ q_ :1t ~ *-
    1' :ia:k~-k 11e.!"
    (3) -*->f~ k -~1ft%i>L-tka~ A, 12-k 11!:.1fk.1~1ft-B- 0

    143
    ~m~Wr¥Al #~®~~-~~Ao
    Look down on somebody or do not pay attention to somebody.
    ( 1) :MH~ ~it$<., iX. : "i! ~ ~ ~ a9 -*"{;f.~ ~ * $<.1fl i!i i i!i i , {;f. a9 Htt £ 1£
    :11 ~ ;Ff 5L -B):?"
    (2) 11!:. ~ !::!::.}:- -t R ~VA J6' ~ {f ~ 1 ' Htt at£ -Pt .lJ!... ~~ :11 }Jij A.., :!!. ::t 9f 11!:. ~
    :1f.~,JL~~~ 1 o

    19. ft~~:t.J~ (mai nqi) lli8Jg


    tl:l jJ l=(. ' ~ fJ 0
    Exert all one' s strength or energy; do all one can.
    (1) :k~:k~~~~~1x.: "1;t-~1;t-~{fi!+i=-t-r, ~jJIJA..-t,~. ~::t.~m e...-ti£~

    ( 2) m"t ;;fk J6 , 11!:.- _K .lJ!... i~ 1*1 $ , :11 at {~ .¥Uf ~ i~ iJ ~ .J:.. "*- 1 , 11!:. _,t ;;9 JL
    -r, JiJfvA;;f~i!~ka9iJ ~o

    20. kt )~liZ IIIDU::~ "5 ( chT yabakuT)


    liZ:? T PJ ~ff/f~i.#. tl:l o *
    Suffer something in silence ; have to keep one' s grievances to oneself.
    ( 1) ~ :fJ3 11!:.1-tH~ a9 at~, $<. i~ itt~~~ i_l 11!:. ~ 1t ~, ,;:; ~, ~ _,t M A-, ~ 4:-

    ~~~. ~~~~~11!:.~~~1-tf~~--. $<.+£X~~~·.IJ!...~~.


    vt 1 i! ~ 1'-~ e. -7J o
    (2) fPf.S±~Wt1, "Jf1t1 JUQ-f-a9-ft f. J'?-i~. ~ItJUQk. 1-*-~~. -fJUQ-f-
    k.1, ~:t~~~*· ~~ft~1. ~11'-~e.-?J, ~AA~~A1o

    21. 1' tl::l (bO chO) ftJ5Jffl (suo liao)


    ~lli (¥A) Jilf*4 IEtm%AJJ:5tdmt:-t¥IJ 1¥1, -rn PJW, i.#. "tlu~J\.fJT:iW' o
    As expected.
    (1) *-.t~ ~ l±: ::t ±±JiJf7Ft, J 1J 1 T -'t, 1K-f- a9 * ~ JJF ~ l~ 1, !£~* vt 1
    -JJ'}jt~~o

    (2) Itro.~Jf:.l~it~ 1, ~l±:.JiJf7Ft, 1!1t-*"~R*-*Ji~~;Ff*-.%o


    ( 3) 11Jf JlJ 1!1'- ;Jli .~ , ~ k k a9 .t Jt iE. ·:h• $<.1fl JiJf 7Ft, 1f ~ ·t:k: ~%. 1 0

    22. ~~Wt~~ff]"~ (zhakoile guo)


    tt Pjtr liS! ~ liZ: 'tJiC. ~ l=(. W7c% I1:Ji !!flo
    Shout in confusion (from either surprise or anger ) .
    144
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    k~-~-~~1~,~~~-k~~*o
    ( 2) 111!. ;fe.-$- :M ~ !1. ~ :fiJi. 1 - :Ui ' JL +A_- lfJf ;fJ[. :):~ ~ 1 ~ ' ~'!- '*- :t-* * ~
    1-lt .fit1ft. 0

    23 . .Jij~Z, ~ (zai zen me shuo), 1'lnillJilltt()lclf&~~~m~mO~~


    ~'lr~,Z.~o

    *
    No matter how.
    ( 1) ~ *!Jt :k\1!. iJi. : "-1-- ~ , ;f,t 1f. K ~'Jf ju 1t z. -t.. ::F ~ .-t. z. :t-f o -It ;t. z. iJt 1;f- ~
    Jt :k\1!. -*.!b ' !1. :k\1!. ~ :k\1!. ~ ~ 0 "

    (2) ~ 1t-iJi.: "~ ~-w11/!.j£Jt ~~'Jf~, -~t.-t. Z. iJt, ~-t..Jt 111!.~ 9i]1~, ~ 1 Nf-
    1-lt~~9..o"
    ( 3 ) ~ ~ 1!.111!. ~ 111!. ~ ** , !if -~t .-t. z. iJi. , 1-tt -t.. ::F ~~u~ ~ -w -t.. ::F i>L "M" o

    24. R~/1.~,\m (xTn li) ill~JJft (do gu)


    ::fL~JLiEH:.-, ~·ts, ~fto
    Feel uncertain, diffident, or nervous.
    (1) ~l!.Jt *- U!1 -!-- + k.fi~ ~ ~' jij 1 n 0' ~l!.·u .£j£4f..fr it' Jt
    ~-i-j£Jt::F~-i-~. •~~-a.#+aTJLTflo
    c2) _:r_ ~ .i. !$ i>L • * .t~ - ~ -t-1't , -UL "~ -t- -UL -1-~ 0 1: R ::F llJJ a l!. + .:t at
    J£ -t.. ::F J!!_ 111!. ~ A. jij A i{N. ~ 1t z. ' IU _£ jL .tr it ' ·t~ )tjl_ * :f JL 0

    - , II fm l' 1m :bn i<JHII.J im ~ :


    *
    ( 1) ttl ~ ~ 1W ~tl!tB ~~ ~ 1¥1 Wt~ ~ Y , 1lJ il~ HJf £}j -T :itlH fit :ff ~ , till! 1~ ~ § B
    M*§•.~-~~*R~T~.-~*·~~~~~-WI¥1~~­
    &:ffT o

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    *·~~-~Tli5-lf-~I¥J.1lJ-~a~.A*~~~M~.****
    &1Ji¥U~. Pl:T~INEI3-5o

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    145
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    Mf~~ ~~~~ ~~~• ~~~~* •Ma.~M~
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    (3) £k1:.~ Jii!.fih-~ A@l* 7, i~~Mli$JJL, ~:tt*-----­


    XMB~~mm~-~~-~.~~re~~~7o

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    ®*~ ilP ttl-* 0

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    1t:JGo
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    #ff~.~Jii!.ftUif*7·*~~~W~~-~m7o

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    1*' JX:@{M£~~o"

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    ______ , ~~~~TYJlo

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    ~7 o"

    146
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    (2) ~JL: fr:!JJ~Jh. t1H9c-t,~T, ~tJi%Y¥Ji:tf?


    fr:!JJ~lh: JJUif~,, o ( -iJtU"#JG)

    (3) A: ~. 1$w, ,J\mm*T, ~~:i:t$;RLHm-mwf!

    (4) A: 1$a'F*-1:iJ~t11¥JiiM, J!~J!~IPJ~~fi11¥JfMl~n~?


    B: ¥J['fi\f, 0 Ut······;ff;t*)
    (5) A: ~=~f~M£t#c&x;f~RfVJ\5tf5<:M:6[, ~1:-T, 1$1¥J~~ir5ER~~~~
    -*P, ~o-=r•!
    B: -f$i_#.'fi\fj, :ft~1lf:$__t, _ _ _ _ ____co (A~ A, B ~B)

    (6) 1§1§ = 1$w1$::k~, ~~~~It~I:IJ3, 1$~~~~~f:MY7iP~?


    JL-T: a (A~ A, B ~B)

    (7) A: 1$w, ~5-!Ew ~P~ff18JtR~~iA1R1r,(I¥J, -1:iJ~t11~i3to


    B: _ _ _ _ _ _ o ( QLt..£ it ;;If A)

    (8) A: 1$~1!-iMR~~ff]$;~? ~~X.1!:±~7?


    B: ~1!1~~$;, PJ~@J*-iM, _ _ _ _ _ _ o (:1:1=-JtT ~)

    147
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    tt•:~ey~-ft~M~.~-~m•tto~~~ID~W~.~-MTo
    :*Jt: ~~~W?tMT!~*~~~-~T~*~.~~To
    tt•: ::r±I!JJ~JL~Et9? ~.z.~rJt~t{gPJB?
    :;k}t: ~~~~_±{£ T PJ&? Jj\5LE{if!{fJJL~Jl9i;tJ1JG I¥J ::E~, ~~~~lfft:~l!!f~o
    ~~~*~~~ma~T~W•ff.~T-go
    £I.: l!!f~? ~~11~ a ~ft.Z. T?
    ::k~:~13G~.w~•~~~•.mm••M~.x~nx~x~¥J,ey~®
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    ~~-~.~*~&P~.~~~ftr@*To
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    ~~ Et9 )'~ ~ AJJ~ .z, $ 1%?
    £Tit: )g~li}J~JLH&I~JL Plfnl, Xl:liA*::k;;t:®:tlf!.* ~ ~8)[;~7; T ~? Xltm u§{f]
    ~ ~&~jjtJI¥J, R~~Et9?
    148
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    ~II\t: 1:1\ilt~?
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    ~Ill: : 1:1\ J! -1' ill¥-~ ii€ S -T :ct 1~ Jt iif HOC , * £ 1t -2, ¥ ~~ ~ ~ ~ JL' o Jt: £ ~H:1\
    mm~-r~~~*·*1:1\fi*·*m*•~••n••&•.~*~~
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    EI* _t-ft1~rt~'J\~ JL~ o

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    ~wmm-ff9M~~~.~~~~~m~m~o
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    2. *~/G~: ffiif!Jm~;f~::;f;f~~, :ffi~ -,~JL~o
    3. li\f!JMJL: ~JJIJ)~iU9.tlEP!~®:::f£~~~·o (go on errands)
    4. m~: :&fi'ift-t&B-9~-To
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    6. M (xian) ~~~: :&JZ.~~~-TJZ.~~-£J:*B-93z:Ao
    7. tt;)(JL: :ct?t, Jii:tlm~~?ti"~1¥~o

    1. 1mWC~~1¥l.l'lt (bang daomang)


    149
    ;m~~Ht, PJ~~:lff~~~Jlo
    Be more of a hindrance than a help.
    (1) 11Jfi>l~*-~~~&-T' ~~~*" •ti:' 'fili!-1f1 ~if:.~-!-' iX.~1t z. ~
    ~*-.-!-TA~~~--~. ~*k~A~-~~o
    (2) ~~Yifi;fM.~~ at1~JL..f-±J!)l M ~~-!-- •ti: T, ~ jfl{~ T -=..t-Z7l~-t-
    1t #Jt, ~.te. ~ ~ Yifl ~ att 1t ~ ~!!.. -fr ~ JL-!- T , " T f-1!Hi: o

    2. Jj\sif@{IJJLi'iWLtJ (do) ft~±~ (de zhOyi)


    fl(MA•M•) ~~· ~¥A~¥~~;m~~,;m~•o
    Think of a plan to do something from somebody or something.
    ( 1) 1~·t:k:, ~ ~ ;;ft ~ JJ~ ,,KJL ~~:it~ T , ili!. 5l-Jt .Jtf; .fr JJ~ f; ~ ;R;fJL ~ £ ~,
    ~-~~~IaA,ili!..te.~;R;fJL~T-W~~~~o
    (2) •J'~ IUJ: "11~-t-v~ ~~*~~-:l!Rfd~t~4f}, ~a~ JJ MAL? "·!'i:~~1r~
    1r~?" ~Jt:iiX.: "1;f-•[Jcjj 1].frA~~.i..~T, A.~~~..ki}~-=..Jt=-T o"

    3. ~~:WC~~-3=-m: (yangzihuo)
    *~~#m~•~ttn~~~*w.~m*~~#PI&~~m~~*Wo
    Something that looks good on the outside , but actually is not very useful or lacking in
    quality.
    en ~~~~.te.7J;;tJ:.-!-~~. 1~~.tt. 'fm*, -mJJ:J-.-J?.JL~~:ktm,
    ~*!tt-#-Tiit 0
    ( 2) llfblt 11~ ~ ili. ;;L~ ~ ~ :k. , 1~ ttL!.jt. ~ * 4t jjl] :1ft ;;t , J1~ t: ;;f(. J11J?A ~ , 'f ~
    lt ;j:f- -T iJt ' 1?f.l!. ~ .~ z. ;j:f-
    0

    4. CTI;J3~l.l:t:l*~05K~~::t'jt~!f (bu gan gongwei)


    ~f[:t&~~~~. ~~?)}~~~0
    Dare not compliment: it is a polite method to say "something is not good" .
    ( 1) ~If I-t-~ ;f.&Al #- ~ JJ A JJ:. {f. 11~ -it ~frtA-t~ , JJ~ ~ 11~H¥- i.l:. A~~~
    ${1, 'f:t~~~~:YA~ili!.ii*o
    (2) ~~E.~tl:f~T:ktJL*-•J,iJlT, 1~~3!3:~. 'fi>l~-tf.~. ili!-~~~1-f­
    ~~~~-.~~~~~A~~~-~~:kf;;t~o

    5. ~ (hoi) $~/*\:*0.18 (ne)


    &~A~¥$~~¥A~*··· ~~~~~~A·&~AR~m~A~
    8t¥#1t,~ 0
    150
    The speaker is disappointed by some person' s lack of ability or something does not
    meet the speaker's expectation.
    ( 1) $<..% i]f :t_ * ~ ~ i~ ~ ~ iJt 1~ it-~ ~~J A, :t_ * ~'fr J vA To , 4ilit J .fK ~'f iJt :
    ":14: +r- IDL&.. ~, :rJI A JL ·t-c ~ ~ ~, $<.. * .t~ ~~J A 0"

    <2) i~ i±l1lJ k , 1.1t :R tJL 5l ~ # 1 . t.t <fr*l ~ 1-1- j; 1 - JJ!r l1t. :R tJL , iJt = " :14: ~ m
    'iJJ "% , t;.'l A ;fJL .,z ~ ~ #J ! ~ _,z ~A a~ .fjc.-~t JL ! "
    ( 3) ~ tiJJ 4~ :i 4\t iJ~;.i)t : " J::t. *J::t.-!- , it .,Z JJI :f'f i!t -$- ~ *, vA Xi $t * 't ~o "
    ~ ~x. iJt :
    --r fl. "
    " it ~!t -$- ~, tt tt 1;f- ~ e?.. JL :tr JL 1'- ~, * 1'- i\ -$- # ~ :14: K
    / j ' 7' 0

    6. ft11J fl/1' A OR JL~ lj\ II& JL (doyonr deng xiaoyonr)

    ~~**~~#~. ~--¥·~*~~0
    People look at each other with surprise or fear.
    ( 1) ~ J!£35t : " i1t-!- .1-J T ilil -!- .t~ .t~? $<.. ::l::l ~, - A - 1l .!R: o " A 1fl1;f- ~ $<..,
    $<..~1;f-, xNRJL!lf-•J' NR JL, ~~A~ T-!-, 1!]1-J i1t~ ~ ~ 1-3 JJIJL 1'-~ -i;
    l"ff ,, All~
    i!~ I i~o

    ( 2) ~ YL 5C_ ~ 11tA* a~ # -f- , ~ 1: ~ !JfS ~ 45 iJt : "rg_ ~ lk.At rt JI 1.. ~ iY., -t ,.~
    k HR JL !lf- .J' HR JL a~ ? J ~ 15 ± =t. J'"'l a~ ~ti. ~~ J£ :tf 1t ~ YL ~ 1-1- A a~ ? rg_ ~
    45 .,z 1!1 ~ ti:: .Iii. :;fl.. JE )(. ::l::l .Iii. a~ 0 "

    (3) ~1f1JL1'-xHRJL!lf-•J'HRJL, +T1t~% J, iit-ll!..~~J:./itr~11to

    7. ~~~m CHon) Jj@i§i (sh1mion)


    ~JJJ~#$'l1r, 'tt&, JtK%1Ro
    See the -world; enrich one' s experience.
    ( 1) £ 7t 1.. jtf $<..1f1 iJt, -'f- .$i. A ,S. i~ ::l::l -k l~ - l~ , YL YL -ill- W1 , ~ i~ JZ .,Z 7E. 4'f
    45~o
    (2) ::t- kk -~ -r~ ::l::l i± d'JA, i~ YLi±1t ~-ill- W1' fo]f VA~ YL:IJI l?lJ1'-tl~ 1!1 A
    3! *,·l5ifA-1- ~ ~ .i! 1~ 1t ~ 1 o
    <3) # 7t 1.. Jt YL i±-ill- ilil a~ A, or £& .JtJ rg_ :f'f ·tt -l- it Jt ~ - ;k., ?JT- VA ~~ JL :tr A
    JL~*· ~-J:.*~*·~::I::l*, it)t!JJS~~-0

    8. ~][~i'.:t§~ (tOboozi)
    tjj ~ r9:_m;11 tit ]if 1!X;3¥ ~ ~ B'f~ I¥J A o

    The person vvho is behind the times; bumpkin.


    c1) rn JJ; ~ a~ 1t- iJt , .J, ~ ~ 1f Jtt Ji. +r- JL -+ 1 , or £- ~ J:. :14: .,z 1'- " -±- e?.. -r ",
    151
    ~~.~~~k+A7, ~~~~*~~~~h%!
    ( 2)
    (3)
    f1JS ;th ~ *at * ft WJ ~ ~ ~ ;!11' Jf:; ~]j 3t :W!. '
    ,J,aa-~~~. :it~f*.te:.~~lU5~A{IJ.J.it~.
    iJL :W!. )t + .±.. ~ ~ ; ~ 'l~ ~ .tr ~
    iJt: "1~~+.±.~~. ~!Ju
    0

    ~ # ll}t ~ 1~ ;~ ~ we. ~ ~ :l :RJJlt?"

    9. i$t-=F~-]j (shuo ylqian dao yiwan), JaS~DI§HrJcp~-*~llZ


    ~if~ .Z. ilt , !EHIB~U M o
    No matter what; in the final analysis.
    (1) #§.ii.~1t-:f, ~1nJf-JtaJJf=I7: iJt--tlt.-:4, ~YifiYJGJt~!!-{IJ.JJ:.~.
    wJrAff of"~ 1n o
    (2) ~1n-.itL"~ii!!i-.itL~t:Sl: iJt--tlt.-:4, mt:-1-ff;t-*--::f. it1JilAJttt
    ~i£W) 0

    10. ~~WJ8JL~ID.I8JLDI!m (zhe sh1 nor gen nor a)


    ~m~mA~~~·~~A~~mN~m~~~~A~o
    It means that something or someone' s words are without reason or are unintelligible.
    ' /\.. ::lv-t il-1£ ' , YJG Jt 1£ J; ~ ! " ~ iJt : " f1JS Jt-
    ( 1) ..:::.. :kt iJt : " 1~ iJt {JJ.J ll~ +
    J] #' .~ ~ )t~ J; 1~% ?" =-:kt iJL: "1.t :9;P 11.~ !£_ 7 -G +-M:ktl' $t ~~
    +
    JL~, 1.t .1; ~* !£~)t #~it-, 'i\.. ::lL--btl-1£' ~!" ~i;L: "~~~JL
    ~tt~ JL Pj\iJ!" m1 ~Jt WJ A 17Jf 7 ~ k 3(~~ 0
    (2) ~~~J !t~~J;tk_ 7 1-'AJf:;' IJ'1"fiJL: "~)t~JL~tt~~JL~'J\'rl ~~tlM.7hii1
    WJ ~' it~ -l:!!.~ :9;Plt.$t~ 7- ;fi~ J;!"
    (3) *-:f-f-:I&nw,t~tMMiJt: ":k_!if,l1t7, MM, 1&5~~~:W!.a" MMM>~
    .Jk , "1* ~)t PJJp JL ~ PJJp JL ~'!\r? ~ i~ ~~iii w,t !if .f.~ 7 ?"

    11. 11JX~l'm=J=~€ (shuoish6u zhonggul) El.::s:-llim~@j}§~


    J!!![ffit£~!![1f~¥-tfL~ljf~;J:~o
    Here it means husband who does not run household affairs .
    (1) ~ J.J :9;Plt. k ~ Jt + ftL + *:fe, ?Jt ~-'A 'l'i'l'iJL~ 1n ;t 1t ~-.= YJG~ ~ lliJ ~,
    Jt~ lliJ k:kt 7 0

    (2) 17JflUk1kJL3t~1f_~5~;ff.it1±, ::t-5~jf-~!£!t, iJt: "1t~ ·~~Jfl~


    ·~ ' ~ +JfL + * ;fg j; il·~ ~'j\iJ 0"

    12. ~~~$Jj\$~~~~~~* (na de qllai)


    tE J! !![ 1¥1 ]L'G!- :Jik ~1~ o
    152
    Here it means know how to do.
    (1) *-~;f-t::ILjt, lifxtit~t:..~·tf1-f1?<-~ T, ~-i1::JE:.A~#. i!.k~.f!J,
    ~:t"1-f~*-• Ji1.Jl-f1-f~4to
    (2) ;t- Yt: * iX.' ~~~111 4-~ at;~~ ' -t j\..~J1\ t; ~:t 1-f~*-' ~~.tt~~~
    11~ ' ~~;fr ;j> !l. $t 11~ ,J, !l.' 5~/f[ jjl !l. $t "~ jjl !l.' ~# ;f ~~ ~~~0

    13. 7±9~)lH:tliiZ~e~~¥te~ (chT xiang de he Ia de)


    ~~~~~~.~~~~~~~~~~0
    Eat tasty food. It also means get benefit.
    ( 1) Jt.. ;JI=. iX. : "1~ 1fJ 1£ JA .£ 11t ~ at; 11~ ¥At at; , o/1~ JL ~it.~ 111 1£ ~ r it at; -t=-
    l=I -t 0"

    14. itA~~~~ (xiao diao da ya)


    t~~Mt!iltl_API~, ~i! o
    Ridiculous enough to make people laugh their head off.
    ( 1 ) ~ k -MI. iX. : "1~ ~ k :t ~;ff- at; ;fL 4h -!- , i~Hf1 ~ iJ:A ~ 3"tA-f. k
    :t at; o"
    (2) 111!. 1it1-f~k Jf :t~;J:f-at; ~ tt-!- !iJ,~i:, ~ 1Hn- ~~it# k:t at; o
    (3) ~J·*-iX.: "1~~1~~-#1t.£~r-t~4t~ 1l!f, ~k~#*~A~, ~
    iJ:A~ it# k Jt ;f •r:£-o/t. o"

    15. i5U~@:I1'~ 1ft~:f~ijij~ (dangjianpai)


    ~~m~~*~~tt~~n.~®~~~ffl~Ao
    An excuse or a pretext or even a person who can protect somebody.
    ( 1) 1il!.. ~ _g. ~k ~ lilil , M ~ .tt 11!!. ti:: -!- .tr Jlf , 11~ ~i\i , 11!!. .& k :t .Jj: -t 'J, , k. ~ 7t
    ~#lit Jlf' ~1£ ~.£~-=#
    *
    0

    c2) _r_ 11= )~ 1tx. :itt , ;t- ;r,t :t% ~Jil. ~ 1t ~ :iff ~ #1 it x*' , .JA ~ *- iA. me. at; _r_ 11=
    ~~fJ ~~0
    c3) ,J, JJt ~ i&-i&- ~ .tr 11t , ,tt ·rk: ~8 ftl -:/oj -:/oj ~ J6 • :t -:/oj -:/oj ~ #1 it Jlf , i&- i&- .R :iff
    1i T-fo

    16. R~ =f , ttHElFF·l: =¥ ( cha bu shang sh6u) UllQ!


    ::r-~12~ !3** o

    Cannot have a hand in.


    ( 1) ~ ~ Jl- .k ~ ·ti:: , ~ ;t- ~ ~ JI}] :klb ~ , !if .itA/i ~ J:. -f , $t .R :iff~ :t :klb ~ ,
    153
    ~ $U :W!. ·l'i: it 7 :f , ~ :t -!- ~ o
    ( 2) %% ~!t .I. iz. Ff ~ .£ ~ A. , 11!!. •ti: :t ~ -ft. -.loJ -.loJ ~ i\.. -t- k_ j,f= , 15 it '1\5 , * -l4f
    1P.. ~ , R.. Jl@l ~~ ;r:: J:. -f- , -T Jft-!- ;}~ JVL~. ~ JL-!- 7 o

    17. 11JHWC~ggftJX;~·~ (dai gao mao)


    ttPtux>t AiJi.~~m o

    Make a compliment; flatter.


    ( 1) ~ -l•J'-fi~ iJL: "JJ~ + ju ~ * , ~_g. xk JJ 1] A-~11!!. ~ ~ .P~
    , f;f--!- 7 v::J. J€r ilJL. +
    11!!. ;ff ~~ jJ ' Jj(. -t ~ ' ~ Jt 11!!. ~ §: "Jf ~ ' :it1-lt ~ ~ 1;f- iJL 1.-T- ~ • * 0"

    (2) Jt-itjf:itL~JL-t-A., -1'-~JLJ.t~f-t!!.~~t~, X..-;.i:;F{~-.:t;FJ.t~{i)!.~


    ~il!i, 5!t -~ JL{i!!.;f;t~ 7 o
    (3) k_~iJL: "ft~ ·~~A.~'' ··~J.t~ft'' 1;f-JJIJ~~~~'l'~7' 1;f--
    5R o ~ ilJL. ~ .i!.f;f- ~ .f-~ 9J- :f , ;ff ft ~ 1;f- ;r,t iJL l'e.. o"

    18. 7:E~t~) L-:f _ti'l:R§3U~ftD~~t:1:XJt (chang du1t6ixl) WtfJ'


    ~Ptu**~~~ffi&~fi~.m*&~~~~-~~~~•~•0
    Set oneself against ; put on a rival show.
    ( 1) ~it iJL : "J:. ~~.It ;r:: ~~it 1rt-!- i~A-T , ~ ~ Jt ~ ~ f;f- -!- , JJ~ ;r:: Jt Jtt J:. ~
    I'~ 5tt {;~I'~?"
    ( 2) ~.it. J;)l * ~ ~Jl ~Y- ~ .v)£ ~ ~ * *- J-J ' 1-lt ;f;t -#:_ ~ Jttl Jji * I'~ .Xt {; )t~ ' ~~ *
    - " A.-;!-~itJ<-o

    19. Jj\J\LJX~-:f~lm~J" (chlbang ylng le)


    t~Ptu1I**T, a!lutT o
    Have ability; have skill; can do something independently.
    (1) .kMiJL: "~JL-'}-~-=f, ~}jf#_t7, f";f:7 7, ~J--Jt~{i!!.fJ1)Jt#J.);}o"
    ( 2) ~ Jtt A. 1t :M; ~ at 1~ ::'&!L{f. k_ /t} ~ ;fr J.. , ·~ ·ti J L ;fY- !{ i.i .iJft , ~ 1if 1i_t 7 v.A J€r
    ilJL. *
    mc. 1t /t} ~ o

    20. ftJZ-h""~ll1\ (haoxTn) ~lt1ili~rot~PlffDffi (dangcheng luganfei) 5'


    t~Ptu ili rff;L••;!Jt$!1Jt!tJJUJ~,.R~:E!:ili -T~~ a
    Take a good heart for the donkey' s liver and lung: misunderstand someone' s good-
    will for ill intent.
    ( 1) ~~ lE1 *- v::J. J&-1tl;f: i~, iJL: "~~tJt;f: Jt v::J. ~ ~~;r:: !±:-!- "-f? -T ~'~ ~~
    ~~ 1t- ~ ]JJ .M ~?" ~ iJL : "~ ~t ~ *' ·~ 11M" , .¥8 W! .¥8 J€r J.t ~ f,f- " •ti: ' f;f-
    154
    ;~ ~ ;te.A ~ MJ -!if·~~ A~t JJf JtrP T ?"
    (2) l1Jf ~~ i>t..iUIJU~»t-T- It, ~~i>L: "~!!.-!it·~ 1!1 AT~~ JJf JtrP T , -Jifl1~,
    YA }[; 1;f- fFJ ;f<..JJ!l1;f- mG i7t o "

    21. 11nt!SJ~J!!ffi1J)1s/t:Pli'CJ~ (cheng wentO


    :flfljRi~, :flffi~~o
    Have problem; have difficulty.
    cn A Yi :fp J:h ~ ~ Pf YA m* * , 5~ ;tr f!il ,¥!, JJLtf- :tR A J',i) ,¥! MJ it~ , J:. ~ JL
    #}fJ~ ~ ~ 4\PM"?
    ( 2) 1!.1'- A_ff. :fp »1] A~ 1.£ J:.-f!t A J',iJ ,¥!, 111!. M.. ;iJl ~it~ m:1f 111!. mC. , 1t ~ -:f
    ~~;t; me...trX.o
    (3) ::t" .£. iJt. : " ;1/L. -£;- ~ ~ !1~ , t :fp 1£ ~ ~ A J',i) ,¥!
    11
    0 "

    22. q]"/G~~~~~~:±l"=i~ (ch0q1t6ng) 0~~


    ~mt~~ tf9xf~o
    A person on whom somebody' s anger is wrongly vented.
    (1) ~~ ~1f-7rUi/~ T ~. lE}jo ~;1/L..tr•J'ro~, ;te.+rou * ~ ~14 0

    ( 2) fit 1±- ~ _£. 4.. T - JJ±. .:r ~ ' 1±- t& Jl: ~ JL xA! T ;fl:t ' Jijf YA 1±- ro- * ~ xt ~ 1f1
    ~~~-.~m~+AT11!!.MJ~~-To

    23. 11n~~~r!X:r!X: 11n8~~*1'FJX\. (jiozhang zuofeng)


    ~~~. -~A~T-.mA~~~~-~0
    A high-handed way of dealing with people; patriarchal behaviour.
    (1) ::t- ~R~itit i/:1 'tMJ at fa]* T ' :k ~~JW ~111!.' Jijf YA ~ 11 )X{.~;)jl~»l *
    ~, -sf-$£ MJ ~ -;f~xt11!!.1!t~ ~ o
    (2) £a *1±- ~ J:. i>t., ~ 1n ~ ~ ;tr .:f. YiP MJ 1t M., 1E. ::t- 91Ji lftt ~ 4.. it-t~ MJ ,
    ::t"Yip~ft;ff~*ff)X{.,~~~.:J~~!£.o

    , m.mit~~¥-Jimi~fl~ =

    ~~14 ~~* #.:r~ ±~.:r ~*ff)Xi. ~~~~ ~#k~


    ~+ 'f {I! ~)JtAi.f T kRtUL ~·J' NtlJL
    (1 ) :Wi :Wi ~ JPJ ~fiG ~H:l t~ , iJt : "- ~:9: ~ -=f ~ 3H1~ Z. Y , :tE t1-=f _t J£ *
    155
    ------
    !"

    (2) -1'-Jm:t5t-ffw~iJt = "-.!fuJJ\m _m~J¥JEl:tr~~ #1J!1r, tr I¥J>r~*Hltx


    WJISJE~I¥J#~*~~~.~M.$~-~~.W-~@
    ______ , ~~~J-1'-JfJi'JL{~~o"

    O)~~~**•~l¥1••m~.~~~~~*~•m~••~l¥1
    -r
    _ _ _ _ _ , ~a-t-® ff -7, ~J!>!'i~ 1~ l!ff fm 1¥1 , 1m~ 7 i:f1 ~ ilf
    ~m••~.~~.•~~~l¥1•~?

    (4) :i!N~m~I¥J~5t~I7, fmiJt: "~~JA,Jdt!!:IJ*I¥1, N- - - -


    __ , ~iJt~I¥J:tt!!:1Jif*~~m,~a"

    (5) :XIJ*~~#7#*~= "~~'1:1?:+~7, Jj\~tl~-7,:1!~@1*? lHmiJtM~


    9> ~ 7 ,
    ____ ,
    JJa ~ ~ 11t llil * , 1m ¥Jt
    ~*~~I!Jli!7
    ~ ~ l!ff o,
    a"
    xtJ * ~ iJt = "~ ~ -=r ,

    (6) I!JT~~jLEiJtJZ.~-*:fT-. ~jLEI¥J~A~~~7, iJt: "~~~1'­

    - - - - .~Iff-7,$·~~.~-=f~~~~.-~mn-.
    W-Jaf~-xxtr-n~, J!Jj)Ii:fLJJU~ 7 a"

    (7) fmm~a-tR~ITfumiTfnm*~· Nr&(¥U*~~I¥1*7, rmii~~*7


    ~1'--~l¥1~~-=r.~m~1'- ,-a-t~~m•~
    ~11\ 7 0

    (8) lV-WJ, M!~~*~~~~5.tf*~M$~AP-~J®i~------' ~


    ~·~•.m•~~~~~7.M!•~-7,~~?

    ( 9) ~ 'ti:Hf!I jtf! fii] Jj\ 3f : "~ .rl:b mL mt Jlil Jlill¥1. ~ ~ ff -7, ffll¥1 ?" lj\ 3f ~ ~ i)t :
    "~Jfu·~~~~.*~*l¥1ffl~.~~~1'- ,:1!

    (10) *if~~i#HllJ~a~•~Jr!WfU, :m:xrJL~~. :!!##*~~~~~


    _____, :ij:~@l~~~~fB(4:~7o

    =., JIHI!i ~ im iit ~film -T :


    en A: ~1nm~m1~~~~{.'A, teM:t5ti¥J$~nJG§I21¥J$, ~A~
    ~:§'Jt~~m~~ o
    B: 1~ 7 , ______ , ~ ft -7,$ :§r;Jt~P~ o ( jt ~ t\1!)
    156
    (3) ~-T: 1$~:Xlr~llM~~~yuE? M!~l:1J~~.;&H!lt{J§", lfl:~iF
    t2Y1i~, ~~~?
    ;t:X_: :faBP~, o (~:ift_$-i{t)

    (4) A: !Yj:)C-!f!.8}i;tl:\ ~, ~3lf~:XWt181-T=$il*3lf o {$il*1i~ ~ ~


    T? ~~~~'Mffl1$?
    B: ~T~T, ffi~~§e.*nE, _____o (~1!Hi:)

    (5) ~-T: t{1ftrf$J!l!~~~;tgf§ffiStill, m1i£~~*1$1$:m~~. ~~


    ~1$~~~7?
    ;t:X_: ll)tn£s , _ _ _ _ _ _ .~~{E~fit:ffB>ffa]OO~o (o/J~JLjfl~JL"I\;f)

    ~(6) A: ~iiL!f!.8}tm.ffl1fufr£N~:9: Mist, :W*:W~, ~'Jt1i1$W.W.NI!1fu


    Jf~j!gCo

    (7) A: f$ff]~;&till!J'5iE~9fli~~~? llfi~ftf!.~~~~till?


    B: x>t, ft!!.~~~~till. !if o (~1-l~*-)

    (8) A: l]'i'lliJ~iFIXJtl+!m~, X.~l:~, X.~Jffll®t:WHtJJ, --~~$)U!fliio


    B: m~, :13:~-TJt§I3-T, 0 c~1-l~*-)
    (9) A= ~ Wft 1: ,
    till~o
    1:1 * ® ~ * t~ 3lf iJl, * ~ ~ :ff fit :tr 1t mtill;"® JE ~

    ( 10) A: ~£ ;fJi! ~till 13~ ~it:\T.tl ~it :00 till :J:tt! jJ X~ J , ~~~it :\T.tl ft ftf!. till 3lf ,
    ~~Nj!{tf!.i~i*o
    B: {$~3lfJJU~, _ _ _ _ _ _ o ( "~ .X-j- {; )t~)

    157
    (*D~*M~~~~·~~~~~)
    51B!ll: ~:X8)tt~~T, ~!ill~t1<1R1±~fl crJL~, i'1Ef!IHT-i'B~f3to
    A~: fttH~~' {lli{fJ i¥J7k¥tE:~~JL~~~' lfft~ti 1¥1 IR~1~j(;@ T' ~~­
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    158
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    ~~7~-.~~~~7-**~~.:!tlk·~~~~~-.~*~ID-
    9- ~ tr. ' ~ *'
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    ~~~~~~?·~~~fi·~~7~~tw.tr~.~~-~~~X~7
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    1. ltR!It (qionxO): R!ItJL', ~§nttlo (modest)


    2. m~ = tt ntrr ct~ • q:t > iJ: A t5t m~J a9 «; Jti: ~ 0

    3. ili**: Jmili#~J¥.. ~IE o


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    s . Jt:% il *: t~ ntrr 1ft~ Jti: 5fU ~ ri1L
    6. ~;fT JL: t~rtfrrl!£!EIW, m#a{J, #iJl. "~ff JL-~" a
    7. n• (dO): *-1lf:~j>lfi¥Jl(.#J:$mM~gl3~~;r_m·~-a (bet)
    8. :li ( feng) : ~Jtl, ~%a

    1. )tE~[gfJ (do) i'IH~Hst.: ( fonshenzhang)


    lt~W~~~~*I¥1·~-~~-~~~M~a
    Reverse one's fortunes (from bad to good) ; bring about drastic improvement.
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    +-$Jf r Jir' ;;f: ftl -.if-:Wt..tr T +~ ~ 1k' J:..A1Jl•G .£ ~-*' -r-~ ~ *-~
    ::f: :9;P 1!t if{ T o
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    159
    2. 7J<~tt1.1BJL~~OJB (zai nor baizhe ne)
    ~#'!fl£11-Ht~' 1& ~ ~ 0

    Something is very clear or is obvious.


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    ~ ff.J 0

    3. ::t:~-~$gJL CylxTngbandianr)
    ~~1ft!)> 0
    A tiny bit; a very small amount.
    (1) ~~~ t
    ~ ff.J A iJt: "~kit- £-'f. ,J!, JL~ifL::f:.YEl 31t-~1.t T , PI"~~-=..
    JT Jf- Jft , 1;f- :§!; ?! :]t· ~ ~ f- JT , it~ k :r-:.1~ w T o "
    (2) JL"i'-AiA.~~.te.fi~.tr;f3 T -:IJ!, JN.{f.f:-J- J::., ~J::.~-t--f"~~ff.J,
    :a- 21. _;f. ,J!, JL ff.J 1: J:.~)~;ff T o

    4. -~}J§, pij~O~PO!I (san tian do yu, liang tian shai wang)


    tt IIIDJ 1~ $:IF 13~ l~J~ , NA o

    Go fishing for three days and dry the nets for two : lack perseverance ; do something
    only discontinuously.
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    ~ .k ~ jAAJ '1;f- ~ k::f:. ~~ ~# , ;f:. ~ ;f:. ~ 0"

    ( 2) ,J, £ 7t * *,
    ~ JL 1t- BS. '*" *-
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    *k-=-.k~~. ~.k~IAAJ,BS.~~--0

    5. 1-ill11'JIDJKJL~ (nor sh1) )\~85)~~ (de du1sh6u) UllQ!


    ~-(-A)~~~· *~~mh:IF~¥Ao
    (One' s level or ability) is not as good as someone else' s.
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    ~t+lli"J?
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    :kt{f.J~$~,J!;k~-~~~~~,#;~~W~~*Jo

    6. -ff:l;~g!C~ (zai) 5"1'7\:~~~ (gentou)


    160
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    Suffer a setback.
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    .~, JL -tiL:+"* •t&- o
    (2) ~.t{\i>L:f-·tt:#-~x. J;k.tm~ 1-A4~, "f~*-ia:k'!l£:1-¥-~ 1-1'-~R-*,
    -1i JVL~..1fH9 diJ f.r-!- 1 diJ -f- a

    7. ~$)J(~~~mWC:tJ~IQimf (dadao huT to) 5'


    @f~o
    Return home.
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    "f ~ ;_k_ ~,it)~-*" } X- 4?:- JL , ~~.iT J!. Tm 1ft o .f;<J~~ .& ,it i>i. : " 11!9 ! .'t
    {!,. ~ ~ ·t:k:;fJL Im *- 1 ? "
    (2) rlJT-if.~M-~jf-:ft;§f;i_:fJ-/~1:, ~:t-k:fJ-/~1:*0 *-ffi'J:fJ-/~~-~:t ~
    ~~~/i-~*· *~~m. rlJT-if.~~Jt.Imnt1, ~~~~#~:t/i-+
    JL~!>Juo

    8. Jtt:;- 8'1-t!Sl-11'1 ( cT y1shl bT Y1shl)


    •m~~~~m&R~~~-WT, m&~T~~o
    It means circumstances have changed with the passage of time; things are now differ-
    ent from -what they were.
    ( 1) iL flfl .t£. 1 .t£. *i>L : "1~ J1JS ~~!A /i- +-+ f.r -tiL i+-*" A 1t M, "f .Jot- at .?Jt-
    Ht, JJI./i-a9A, ~-£~.tm c.., ~m C..~/i-*-ti.o"
    (2) ~P]a~~A~M-;&: "Wfll.R._1*ia:~A~%, JJl./i-5l-i;-;-f<.-A~~H-c, .-t
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    Jj. ji_ -'"R ~-tiL i~ 1t ~ ~ "f VA 0"

    9. lli}'fJX2RlWCt.l~ta (boo) t±:li'mfl (lengmenr) DIE


    ill :E~ i.t A tJt ;m !lJ , t9J11Vf-J. !IJ ~ ~l!f o *
    There is an unexpected result (of some competition) .
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    rlJT-+~~1, ~"f)tt:f.J•~~~~~o
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    J;fi ::;t _l_ , ~ "[ vA i>t ,it 1!- j ~ 14'-- fl o

    161
    Think of a way ( of doing something) .
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    'fft ¥J :lJl m J:. ~ 1fk1tk .:t. :f o "
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    :;;5- 00 ~ 1tk1fk .:t. :f 0

    il1-aJ l-1(m1f~{lf:$*51 $, JtJ¥o


    It also means make a big deal out of something.
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    ~~Jf-~111 0

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    11!1 .R :1-P "t vp,j o

    11. {B~)X~®{rJflUX?±~t~_tj;;::fJ:±I~ (dada chu shou)


    ~r A~:li;fB$:4- o

    Beat somebody or brutally attack one another.


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    ¥J~~. ~?t.•a~*·~~oo¥JA•~. Ak~~*-~~+. ~~
    ~3U1i~r-!-T a

    ( 2) ~ .ftl JJ~ Jt. -t- A 5tf- 5tf ::t- A :k. ~ ~ +, ~ JiL €f.J A. :4,.1-ff ~ 1-ff T o

    12. ®1rJ~gJLJDl::±IJXI.J L* Ctangchu fengr lai) i)t


    ~am~# 1i~L~, o
    Spread information or let somebody know.
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    ~'rna
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    ** {f.J ' _R Jt-¥- flit, {f.J 11il ,l! 0

    13. ~ffi' (gei) flUffiJ~}d~JL~§~~ (ydnse kankan)


    ~fi (¥.A.) W!ts!fi ~i_t~}.)~r~ JJJ~~f&f.L W!:i!H~Ao
    Show somebody up ; teach someone a lesson.
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    11!1 , ~11!1~*- ~ ~ ~ ~ ! "


    162
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    it !tl $.. ili 111 w 0 "

    14. ~ (boo) _t.:tl(ffiJ-iU:L111. ( yi jian zhT chou)


    1!i1n 0

    Take revenge.
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    ~ it aJ.J - -if .z1:/L 0

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    ~/A--~ 51~ T :F ,J, aJ.J 1{ #a

    15. ~~~~$WL~UJ5JU~J=~.!M1'~1Ef (jian ge gaodT)


    ~-~#$~*·~~~#~.~-~NWo
    Compete to see who is better; pit themselves against one another.
    c1) 11
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    ;fJG !tl 7r *
    Til Jt + ~ 1fi, 0,
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    ~1fi,o

    16. BJ3~WL~.!Mit~ (jian fenxiao) j


    ~m$·rt~~*~~£BI o
    Find out the answer or get to the bottom of a matter.
    ( 1) 1'f #JriJL: "1t- -1t ~ ·~ -l- JL *-, ,J, *"- :F 7l i>L T , :!!. JL *- iJG Jt ::0-- ~ T , !tl at
    1~-ltk-t!!..::F~o"
    c2) ~ .xt fl!!. i>L = "~ m~ :F ~ ~ 1.r- ~- , Jtl A 11m1n 1~ ili .xt , ~ :F r J ?... i! ~~ Jt
    ::0--~ T a"

    17. 11:M.§P_§j~~tll (lion Ia) ~~BDU* (chang)


    u*~ ID~A~~,~~~~~r.~ffi~~o
    Pull a long face ; look displeased; put on a stem expression.
    (1) $Jt*--TJ:.5f.;;ffi~, :!!.1§.3t!:t::F~~T, .ti*~· ::Jt~-i!L, -~U"
    -ti!..:F iJLo
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    11
    ~ Jf::FT-i-T a

    163
    1s. 1mP!3.~_§J~§fittrr~1.1BD~ Cna jiao) ~
    ~~nq + H£~WJ ~-t-ms:t*7J\f1fJ3t11H£li o
    Very; extremely.
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    r Til tf.J ~ .:r- ~ Mtil!!. it~ 1: *- o
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    (3) ~9rp#J.iX.: "~ T- k, tEl ftl ~, 17~ ;t1fJL~JAJL r ~~ ;jt, "Jf:i .i ~ "~
    _:::_ p;{j ' JJ~ vJ.j Jt: a''

    19. ~ (kan) !5UA9}]~~ (de lianse) :txt1~


    ~(~A)~~~ ~m~A~~J3t*~~~$o
    Act upon other people' s expression.
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    13"1 FJ FJ
    t.b
    1=1 ~ ~ .;<:.. -~ !lrl- e- ··T "'Y -J , ..:I:-

    1£ iX. xt , p~ 11'1 :1kAl.. .Xt ~ , .i.if iX. -*f , "~ :1/L. ;{i -*f ~ o"
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    1f j{;J ;ff ~ tf.J it -f- 0

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    iX. :::f: :ltf 1~ 1f1 ilL iX. ;J.t *~- :!!: T "

    20. 1lillWL~1'~ (bu mai) ft9}]~ (de zhang)


    ~~(~A)~· ~~A~--~~-M,~*Ro
    Do not show respect for somebody.
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    ·~_:;f:~·tf.J~, *~~:Jff~Jt~tf.Jo
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    .1\ ~ ~ :::f: ~ 11t tf.J ~
    *
    0

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    21. #71<1'~B)qf7J< (jlngshul bu fan heshul)


    ~~~~,ffi~~~~**•~~ffi~~.~~ffi~~o
    Well water does not intrude into river water: I will mind my own business, you mind
    yours.
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    164
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    ~.jf$-:;r:::.~)iif$-,~~-A~~~-.0

    22. f~)fOft§~{I'JJ.X{i»H>!J*ggJi&f:E (bai zai) ~~~ffil¥1' (de shouxia)


    !i&;tf(¥Al 1¥.1-¥1' flt;!JtAfT!J&o
    Be defeated by somebody.
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    ~ ~ 11'1 ~ ffl.;
    J:. Jt JilL~ 1-tt fFJ ~ 13:. k *I--t r T a''
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    1£l:;f:.it·~ 0

    -, liM l'rm:fJn ~ ~t-.Ji.ii.l ~:


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    ~.trl¥J~n~~.~l¥J~~*~·~l¥J~~~o

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    A%~~#~.~:tt.~~~~~~-~~*~$.-~mA%~~
    ~ ~ ~ 1¥1 9!K , 1$ ~JJH~tk* !¥.1 :flf :r~~L "
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    11:~~0

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    flt1i!!JJt1~:ff BJL~:tlf~}~,' iJt: "Jlt-Bt~-~PIInJ' ~:m~~~*~
    YfllF~~>J<~, ~OOH3~:ff 4-3C o"

    cs) ~±f=f*T&JL3C, fmuJtfltiJJiliT~it~. fm~m. ~1VfJE1:1g$~~¥J$


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    7C?~~ 0

    =' ~ Jlh~d~ I¥J i.m i§ :ll ~ :


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    165
    .tr it. wJft ft- 11<- ~ ~~:. M JJ<-
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    ~~~~A.ffi~tr/fMS~~~lio

    (3) fiE{fliilLiiT*x, tk:JE~!j\pZ:~pZ:J~JL*W, rT~. *~H~$M,


    /f~m~~oo•.~$~A~A~+A.a~--~~~A.am
    _ _ _ _ _ _ T, W., f/f-:!ftff~pZ:/j\pZ:, iE/fj{!l@~~:Jr~W

    (4) Jt.~~~ AJgT~~~:Im!fflJI!T, tk:JE?t~C JLx~$, -~il15~-T


    -5t7g=, ~~A , ~:tl~~T o

    cs) ~fn:tE~:WA~-¥*~atf'*· !JZ,JJf~ti;ma:. /ffi~:ff _ _ _ __


    --~ IJ;j]E' 12Sl7g;JW)"~~1fpU:t£~{fJ~f. La

    (6) Jj\JI/9H3t: "=:f)f~~~~~~*T, ~{X{iE{fJ~lii:JET, r~§{fJ:f)f~jGT a"

    5iE~i3t : "iE :ff + 5t # ' iE xt iJt lYe ' ~ wftl!. fn ~ ~

    (7) ~>lfm~1~&:/f~T, ~/fT~~-fi~----- To


    cs) .tr-Ka _ _ _ _ _ _ tJt, 1m
    ~WtJt~fn~~J~t0PJ&~IW:·!fz1L
    $~/fffl.~0PJ~-~-~mftl!. . • ~ftl!.~M~a

    :::. , FJ=.I flii ~iii.! i~ 5iLGX 1' iti X't ~ :


    (1) A: ~§*liB/f~~iT1~-KatfBJT~? Jj\JfX~~iE:Jik~5iti~?
    B: f-1!;115, a ( 3..~;J:r @1 , Pili~ B~ IAAJ)

    (2) A: f$~m~? w1f:!Rre~E*IR1'J!J&T'


    B: Jt~? a (;1;Ji4'-f1)

    (3) A: f$fr!litP§ff1:fJI!i~/fn~Jrt?
    B: ~Wtt$Jt[E!Xl, a (~::ilAl¥1~-t)

    (4) A: fm~J;5J<:fJ1~~~¥¥?
    B: /f~.B'Fx~mftl!.trT~fiU. _ _ _ _ _ o (a{f. A J¥J-tT)
    166
    (5) A: 1$J!J!~ff-Jtl±~JE. {~~~/G{±l±J!J!~. ~~~ § B;flleH±? :1!
    /G :1! {if!. x.t {~ /G :ij:?
    B: J!J!x>t~1&:ij:, PJ:J!J!~~1&DJ~. _ _ _ _ _ o
    (;t A~,!&@..)

    ( 6) ~~ fr:!JJ : 1$ ll& 1-tl!.111 iJU~l- § 4i:J~ Ji ~ ~ 3<: i~U L~ Jt


    , fm 1fJ ~ ~ i~?
    ~~: fm1fJ , 1t~t!M~~o C-ii*&)
    (7) 5FJ5FJ: mm. /J\IXJtlfm1fJ~ ~it, ~1JG:l!1--:k*~. 1t~ -m/G~ o
    lfif: :ij:P[rnJ, {if!.{lli{& ~{~? {~~~, o (-* A %fli@.. ;t)

    (8) A: 1~-fti!fiJF::k::X!J, ilfmreraJ~fE'~X*o


    B: :BS:J!1~-ftPE,~-ftifL:J!B-ft, _ _ _ _ _ o (~~A~~)

    167
    c::t- M iE. ff- jtt 4~ Jk ::t- ~ JWr *- ;L )
    ~!fL{: ~~. ~~f$*mimL~:mnt1$:fl~~I¥J$, xt~xt? ~~~1$1¥1JN~
    X.751E T? ,_j

    ~~: 1iiJ:1$i3i.~T! ~-2.~, i!t_tP§{f1~1.fJL{W3~~JL~M":1>f?


    ~ft1: j{fUI!PJ, ~J:.fl*I¥J~WiEfi~~~? {$~:(£1fUI!PJ! 1?9JN~-¥, jc~:@th,
    1$~:m:U!, ~1Jb~1$:XtkJLt15~:X:mtm o ft~ M1'*1$-tft.~~~ o
    ~~=~*~~T~~~T~W~ffii¥Ja>f.T?~~tl5~-m•~n~•_t
    I¥Jo iJi®*EJ~, EJf:]C~1'-fj\tJc-=f;Ji~~' jc~-f;(:jc~~I¥J, ~~iJi.~JEli
    ~J!kJ!kt2, ~l!lJ~JL:flft~~UI!PJ? fif!.~f'ii]II~Mj~{t~ "~", ~~1'-~mi
    !i ffiJ fi~ ~fill iJi. M" 1U o
    ~!FX: ~PI!PJ, ~mi~~:fl "~W~ (~)" T a l!)t, iJl.jiJ~JL, ~j£tmf$M"1U,
    {$1¥J;t:,'Jll±~j{f, 1W~~d/'~~~};~ULPB, ~~~mixt;t:.,Jll±m::flj{f~, 1$~1fJL~
    iJi®1$1¥J;W;J~;g;t~~;f~ T a

    ~~: ~~ffJL~1'-Al!lJ~, PJTlJi!.JXlglt~i*j, ~~!Wm~fi~tl5mo WJIW:X~fQ


    *~ili*n_tTm,$~~~~~1¥J.:X~@*~~j{fA:X,~~.tr
    168
    ~-~&~oft~~~a~m.•~m~~¥-~o•~m~.~ma
    ~~.ft~~~~mT.~~~~*To
    :13Jl:X: ~~~~, 1$EA~l2[~n~& iJ~L ~:tt, 1~~~1> ~gJLPEL ~~, f~JJ.X;
    7C:13~-~Z9JPJ:iF~~JL, ~f~~~~~Jtt, 1~$Jiii}f] To ft1niE~:13~
    -~-~.~~M~:13~R.~&*~o
    :13a:a~¥¥¥~~*~~~-.~~~-·~~~-~?
    :13Jl:X: -J~~UL~~Xl. liliH.tHIJc~~$0 fti2.1~. W.IDr1~iH.t9c~PJ~~:l:ti1.1K
    ti:f~·~p£~ o
    :13a:~R-+~fi~*amT.-~:13T,¥~:iF~RaT.~~M~~.
    mT~1fJ~-~~~~?Nm~~~M.M®*m$xtt~~o
    :13Jl:X: 1J~'h31t~? ~1!~~-. _:><.~~*~~ 0 1~&~ ~~ ]L~Jj\~;13j(j(
    &~~~~? f~~~~tjj~ff15£P(g?
    :13a: 11-, 1J~~:§Yt-tiJ\iJ\, ~1~~~11JTft:131~ JL~'PL
    :13Jl:X:~:tt. ~1fJB~•~•~.~~a~•*~•.m~M~~o
    :13 a: &!BJ ~ o IIJt , :13.:£ * II!?T? 1m*~ :§9t ~ * T, ~'tEl ;mJLt 1J~ ~ ~ JL ~ , l 9J
    l 9J llJJ llJJ :l:tl1. ~l A o
    :13~=~•mtr~:§Ytmtr~.~~llJT~:§YtfiT?~~~~••o
    :13a:a~••?~:x~~I1JT~fi~:13=m~~~·~-.~M·~~%~
    1~1t:~' f$1]~~\i·-=f~?
    :13~:ft~T~~~.~-P?~X&~~~~.~$1>~~$1>~. ~.
    ~®~-~~JG~ 9:, JL-TM~fft~1~1t:i~(JL~. PI 1-fu{fJ-5* r=t :§'Jt~ JL
    ~ JL~~, fti!Jj~JL~UI\PJo
    :13a=•~~~-rc~~*•~.~~~~~®~*••*~~.1$mm~
    fl'1 ~9: 0

    :13Jl:X: ~~:13#JLlf[ii~T, 1-fuffJ·~~!WJffJt~~!WJ, mffl!-t:;:, 1il21f1~$ft


    fi~~.~~~T.ftffi~B~~~~-0
    :13 a : ~:§Ytxt T !

    1. JR ~ : JIHft ~Jr. JR {)t ~ tlE :# " (share ; stock)


    2. a¥: 15bf:t~JJUal93 ~J~o
    3. JfX.~: tljPWJJPJJ!R;f~JJ.X;gJf~A!J&JfX.~.Mzo
    4. rW!ltt: :tt)t:;:x.X~rW~J~o

    169
    s. *~*Htii: ~~i9J~~~Htii~~nfr o
    6. ~ (yong) ifX: 9=t~:I~Jfl¥J-if'Jt~fa]~R§, ~~~;f>ft~ll41B. (niu) ~ifXo
    7. 1!951YJ (laodao): &w~%&7 o

    1. ~..t.n (song shang men) *B~)~.ill~~~


    J¥iJU*, tf1t/j ±i9J~~o
    Send something to someone ' s home. It also means to offer something or provide an
    opportunity .
    ( 1) ;{f ~ ± *-.f!t%-iJL, {t.A. t.. ~i:i T -!HA, 1.i $*-To ;t-7 -iJL: "11t1fl *-1-f
    , 1-tf!.1n me., 1flJ *-J:. n *- T o"
    iE -1ft , ~ iE ~ .t:J<. ::r: ffitli1t 1n a<J .i.. JJ
    ( 2) ~fit 'J' aa -iJL : "1-tf!.- JL fit 1;f- ;r: 'f~ -1ft i; , it- JJ\!.1£. -i- .t:l<. 111!. , 1JlS ;r: Jt ;fe. me., *-
    *
    J:. n T Jl~?"
    ( 3 ) llJf -iJL »JJ ~ Jt aff lffi av ~ EJ , 'J' 5R xt ~ iJL : " 1;f- ::r: Jt ~ il: lffi lffi fit 1;f- ;{f +-1ft ~p
    ~~?~~Jti2i-J:.f1*-a<J-lff~*~·#~+~•~{l<J~~*-·~.~
    ::f: ;f,t $ 5tk. 1;t T Jl~ ?"

    2. 1m~"JfXI±i~~ (cho yangxiang) ~B"j-~~j


    t~ Ptu tf:LR , *" WTo
    Make an exhibition of oneself; make a scene.
    ( 1) iC. 1-f ~ - ik. J:. {; {l )~ a<J at 1'*- , ~ - ;~ 5R ;te. ~ i.3J ~ T , .;1£ 1£. -4 {; 'f faJ ~~
    Z. -It~ ::r: ~ *- , $.- Jt cl:: T + k 5-f il'lo
    ( 2) -4 Jij lR i£ Mt- +A. , ;{fA. ;f,t.jjt i.:ll il: .:f k ~t ~ /J1:r , .:f k :ldUJL : " fli, ~ ~ :t
    ti , ~ 1t Jt.&~ -4 a<J ~ ? 1;t 111 }Jij cl:: ~ a<J ~ -;fij T , ~~ ~ }Jlj A. ve o"

    3. ft)X~~~1mmlri9B~-3=- (xio moo peng sT haozi) ffim._tffi


    ~~iil..t.?E~=f t~Ptu~~#1~~0
    A blind cat caught a dead rat : by chance ; by accident.
    ( 1) ;G ~ o/f .jJt ~it ' -iJL: "~ P,U~ Jt 1t Z.ff ~JIM"' *
    JJF kh ,J, iJL ~~ cl:: *- ;t ± Jt fJ%:
    -1~ ;.1_ ~ T Jt ~ -T , ~ tl e., Jt 1t Z. 7]<. -f- ~ me., ~!7 !!L "
    ( 2) 1-tf!. ~ , 0ldN 1-f cl:: -i- ~ 7#1 , ::f: ii~ ;t- J;&J 1£ & -T JL fJ%: ~ , X ~ cl:: -i- {L l3E , ;f,t
    Jt•a-tt*4~Jt~~. fJ)SZ.f~~-~r. ::f:~~::r:~+~fi=:o

    170
    4. :K15~ (chang) :K15~ (duan) ffiJ, ~~i)t~lf&flt!NIN~
    A* A~ *~li~~iA.iR!!X:~~~, 1'iJ :J!~!=:11t*~Jil!*'P'f;ljt)\.7g A, ~ll

    The person does not know somebody well , but he describes him as A affectionately ,
    · £or exampl e "~~"
    usmg --p --p , "-lrTL-IrTL" "---!-:at"
    /'-"'J , "---l--1.1=1"

    *
    :>J.J :>J.J , /'-:ill. .

    ( 1) rj; iffl #) * ~ - ;;t Jil.. ~ , ~ .1- ::k. ~ * ::k. ~ 4;.[ J.t ·ti t- i'@- ~ ~ ~?i ' ~ ;;t :W!.
    ~~~~' ~~·&*~~~~aka
    (2) ~-f-111*- T Y:A,g, ~,(EM" A.~ :ilL, ;t-;t--¥:-;t-;t-~#1, ;Je,;:tA.Jf;-fl~~
    _tilt 0
    (3) J!::k.~-iJL: ",J~:AI(.~±~~~. A.~~. 4i:-ik;;t.Yl.~~::k.~f:_::k.~:i.ff.

    #) ' J;:t *I*] *-:k-:i£ 0"

    s. flt~1.$) L)Z1'AOll~, Off .!Ji!JX\,g;t~m CtTngjian feng jiushi yu)


    tt ~ I!JT 3i!. ft -i. #} __t ~ ffH~ o
    Readily believe; believe everything one heard.
    (1) .£.-if;f~iJL: ":W!,~v~#:.1f.? JJ~-~Jl~#J~~ T, ~.t~-&-&;fP~~' :W!.
    .t~~~;fl:r*-*-· 5~4tL t:Jt~~~!" ilt~iX.: "-if;f~, i5t.1i.Tq,! l!.
    Jl- :tjjl ~ A " !A~ ~
    fig ~'Jf Jil.. ftt a Jl f:fu ! :!£ '.t ~1~ ~ ~ a"
    #J .:r..f¥ ,
    (2) ~'JfiX..:r..T ~* fl, A.1f1~ll.!.".!.~}jt_, ~# ~ T -:k-A.#J ~_?, M-51-C~;!;)&
    *-~="~~~~~Jil..Aa:Jtr.m~?•~.:r..r~*n?~i!.+~*~~
    ~ :;f: ~1!:. ?"

    6. »1\~7§~~ (luotangjl) {~ffil


    %~~~~~~~~~*£~~~~0
    Like a drenched chicken; soaked through.
    en JJ~kllft..t, IXl~ r 4-, a r ~ -r r.m, ~1n 1~•~5~ iJif ~, ~ 3fL~tl -r ~~tl
    it~h ~~1l?L #) 0

    (2) ~~ fll&..l- T -:ihf:fu, ~AT +it~h~~. lEl*-a;ffJt!:.jt:J:k., ,(E~j.JT


    ;.. 12!1 .k ;t :Itt 0
    (3) ;ff-k, ,J,1k-=f.iE,(EilA r~A., -jtJJ<.hl.km:i)!f-, ;fe.11!!.5/tA T +it
    ~h~~o

    Go to western paradise ( Buddhist reference) ; die.


    171
    (1) :1\12*-::t-~1£~£, JL1}4'frk}!J~JCi11;YJG~J:.~;k-;k, 'f~~:j-.77, ;$-tlf_
    ~~-#Jfo
    (2) 5Ri~~Jt.. mc.~-~-r-k, YJGn~*-~J:.~;k, YJG~~.tll T *Y:z1fL,
    'f~~f.Jt.~~~T~~~~-~.~~rT~~o

    8. 11JW~, )~~~A~~±n~&~ (chang fandiao)


    ~·~ffi&~m~~*~ffi&~fi~o
    Sing a different tune ; deliberately speak or act contrary to .
    c1 ) ~J 31::. !:E. -w 1r<.. ~ , '* !:E. ~ ~ ~ ~ J:.1~ ~ i*- ,
    o -1t- :Jw J:.1~ ::t- ffir<.. '* n jl~ ~
    iftj , ?J[ vA n -R ;f,t ~ ;feA~ iftj .k_ o

    (2) ~xJJ1~&.&.,Jl.f~, 1Jil::t-~k1kJLll~~"OO, -J¥-1-'k1kJL~itR1~o

    9. 11JU])C~:B~~~~~JETI1'~~JL (bu shl shlr)


    /fiE 1ft~ /f :J!!D¥ tk: l'iiJ ~ ~ ;}]' 1! 0

    Be a bad way of doing things .


    (1) ~,J,4X.llJf~ #fiJt, :t-lfiPiJL T, :l\12*--1t-~*J:.ijft, #f~YJG~~~*-7},
    ~ -tE.. ':lit 1-f. ~ ~ -r * ~ k:;: JL , 1{/!. rv1 ;k &dJl J:. !if 0
    (2) M.JI.iJL: "::t-~~ tt..~~a~-tE..~k:f=JL"M", jlw1nft-.t~+**~-ko"
    ( 3) ~ 1-- A iii~ ~ ~ 1~ 1,&_ , ;f,t ;k ;k -k 1fi..1lt jlt , MU i:t 4-· 1-- Jl , 1~ A ~ .:r.. 1-- YJG
    -ft.ft-}1~~ T, ~flt1~A:;;f':lit !:B:t-~~ !:B-kjlt~k:f=JL, ,ff/ff-1--A
    1~k 1,&_ ' <if iii 1~k% ?

    10. ~11JIJ.X~~~H1 (jiangjOn du), i~~~~j


    7Ffi~jtf!t~ (~ J .. ) Jli-T7c, fW o
    General' s belly: it means jokingly that a man is fat and has a big belly.
    ( 1) ~ 1fL!¥.. Ui1 Jfi , ~ JJi!.. ::t- ~ 3t 1-t ~ k , Mtl ~ ~ ~ ~ , .#J-1f: Jl±- ;f,t ~~ *- T a

    (2) -t1P._i±Jfi, ::t-5R~:l-%tF, ~·~~¥-f-1f:Jl±-, ki!.Tdr~~<~o

    u. ~~~~n~'~.::f- ..t.~ (ganzhe yazi shang jia) ~


    ~·-·A*~~/f~~~/f··~~$0
    Make somebody do what is entirely beyond him or against his will (just as drive a
    duck onto a perch) .
    ( 1) MM 1f. ~ :iiL iX.: "1$ %%-tat jl~ ~~ jl~ ~ #, vJJ~ JL J:.1-' T {; llJf, 1$11'1 jjtl
    M.~f J:.*- To"
    (2) ~1n~~ei:t-k, -k.5R:t-9!J1~1{/!.~A~fiJu tf raJ, ~f~~1n1~.t.-i'1t-.fk~
    172
    12. UF.Ju1'lJTlB~~qr ~~ttlj!Z~~~~ (shu de zhao) B~OtSJ
    :ff ~ 1¥1 " 11~ ft lW J11ill¥1 0

    Be reckoned as good or famous.


    ( 1) 4- ::t- 3k k ~ 1f1 :!!. 1- -Jk- Jffi, ~ 1~ ::i 1¥J A. 4h , fit ff-J± jfJi 1i , ;,f Ji " IN :L T ,
    • T /f: :Y4\o
    (2) ~1f1T 4£.± @4 ~k~1~ ::l l¥J, ~1f1l¥J r ~JJ\!.4£. e..~!±: r:r ffiU T -==--t- ~ 1-
    @4 ~0
    (3) :i!.#-kit-JA.'J';f,t~~}{.J$., 4£.~111:i!.JLk~1~::il¥J-Jttit-=f, -t- JLjt;f,t:i!_
    T @4 ~Ro

    13. flU~ +i:l=F.JU~~.§§ffi (laohu6ngli) 5


    :&:11 "*" JJj ~ 0
    Calendar of the past: old history ; obsolete practice .
    (1) flt/f:~~iJL~flt~8JtJ-h___tl¥J*~•i!!, iJL~~~k:t-.t..»i T, ~it-i-To
    ( 2) 'J, * iJL : " -.k7J -.k7J , ~ 1t Z. .if-~ T, f~ l(f ~ 1~ l¥J ::t- Y »i , JJ\!. 4£. ~ t. JJiil ti:. -kit-
    ~if J o"

    14. IJJi1?±~5, ~~WJ/f'DJTi~~ (bu tTng shlhuan) 5


    7G 'Jt t£ i!J!J ~ 7G ~ 1!£ 0

    Be unable to do something.
    ( 1) 1*- R l¥J -f if.~, JL i( .tt, 11.!!.. j& iJL .~At Z. , !if k ~ 3k /f: 17Jf 1~ ~, iJL ;:r:; !±:
    ~3flo
    c2) J!.. *- ~ iJL = "~ ; . ~-+ lf~ ~ ro 1-r -+ ;r:; k- 1- ~» ;L • # JJlJ k-+ .:te. ;r:; 17Jf 1~
    ~! ~ ::i A.~~{Jt~~, !if~- ___t-,!- 17-f, - T -=fit-*JJ ::i~.tf-.!- T ! :•.,
    ( 3 ) 17Jf Jl..Jf {!1 11~ T , ..:::- -.k7J -.k7J ~ 4£. +t -=f ___t , ;fB. :9:b ~ ;ifl , !if k Jii! .$k 1.1f- ;:r:; 17Jf 1~ ~
    T , ,1f.. Z. :9:b ~% /f: ~ ;ifl o

    15. ~~W~~$8-. il Cza) 51'l:R11'J~n~-:r (paizi) ~~ij]\


    ~:!If> B :ff 1¥1 :tEf 1¥1 Pf. o

    Lose one' s reputation.


    ( 1) T *- iJL: "~ 111 :1ff ;r:; ~ ~ :;f iu
    !±: T:!!. 1- Jl'f-=f , ;r:; ~~ l!l JlJ ~ i. f.il M~ T ro
    C- l¥J *-=f, Jilj- Y~ :i!.¥tif fOJ ~ l¥J r ~ ±~llk 7 1E1 *- o"
    ( 2) l!l JlJ 1R i@l •1t ' ~ 111 {JI.] -Jff jfJj ~ ~ ;:r:; !±: -.!- 7 ' JL -t- Jj=-1¥) Jl'f -r ;WE, :!!. z. ~ 7 0

    173
    ( 3) ~IJiJL;t Jl:f ~ :&. , JJ~ ~ {f- li. ~ :&. ~t ;ft !lip ~ ~ *- -!E.AR- ~ , 111!.11'1 ~ :f: ~ ~ liT
    -T ;ft Yip ;rJ<. -t 1Jt.$J! T mC. ~ :&. ~ _$f -T- a

    16. =T'lli. D§{IJR15i)t1:Fi~TI~ (chouhua shuo zai qiantou)


    ~-ili~~~~-~~~~~*••~~-M¥Ao
    Point out the consequence in advance; warn somebody (looking out for one' s own in-
    terests).
    ( 1) ~ IR * 3;5~*- iX.: "k ~~~!!. T , :ft-T- X ~llt:t"-:1- ft; ~, JJ\!.-ff- ~ ;f k
    1:k.JL~lfJJL, ~;Je.JLi~iX.-ff_~3k, i'fi~-*fl!.#JiL:f:1fA~-.. il:.~
    ~1£ T, ~;f,t#X_/$Tfl!!.~-f-o"
    (2) -f- ~ iX. : " Jl~ 1f1 .it- JJUL * k ~ :Itt JYl ~ , :f: it. 4- 3:. ~ ;fe. JL if iX. -If-~ 1iJ ,
    ~ mJ , 1;f. ~ Jt f :i! * ~ *, <if ~H:{- ~ ~ 1;f. :f: -'t- '\. o"

    17. 11TI1'~~$JE§Tf,J\~ (koi xiaochoi)


    {gi¥$t:f:t*~Jmo
    Abscond ; desert (an army) .
    (1) ~ix. & 1t Z. Y ~ 1*1 $.., ~ 1t J:.)il!i) ?Jj" ~ ;;fJL~ 7t T ,J, ~, .;rg 1El Wi-®-- ®: T

    (2) -tat ,J, ill it i-s-~ at 1~, 3:£. '$'" ;ff A 7t ,J, ~ , 4-3:. ;;t JilA!-t ::t- Yip*- T , i'fi. ~
    :f:~#J To
    -t11 PI ~a m »& -=r /F ~ t:f:t , mJJtl ~ o
    It also means be absent-minded.
    (3) i!.#FJI{~.fijr ~~ ~ -11 j. A, folj" v.A J:. ilf~ ~ at1~~ ~ JJ~-f- # ~U $.. Jb 7t ,J,
    b.. ' JG Jt:. Jt J:. *:t- !}ip ~ 1*- 0

    18. ~fJ<;~N~lmfL.t~~i'~JL~ (shlrmo)


    %X!xtJ5JJtlA~m~~~#tJ~~U~Ao
    Someone who is always complaining.
    (1) ~1f1 fJt-T- X~ ~U k ~.it-t-~~~ .. JL~, 1t Z. ·:M!.~~if /f, - ,??, JL
    ~~:f:llto
    (2) -l$-.1:., :M!.-~ JL-Jtl.$- X~'\. :f: :Itt, -~ JL-Jtl~, ~11'1 ~# ~~J :i.vl :M!.,
    .1&-·~lijt-t- .. JL~ ~-If- T -~o
    (3) ,J, J}lf- ~ :F k, 1if # ~~J .. JL ~, :M!.~Jt-f£, i~ ~t :f: il:. ~ 1ll-ff_ dJ. ~~X
    Jlt ft; ~ 0

    174
    19. 1mJ.X1'9Em&iml Cslnaojln)
    tt PD!r Ji!iU~ /F ~ m, /F ~&1t 0

    One-track mind.
    ( 1 ) ;f: ~ k 5f .-t ~ iJL , ~ :;:t- i5l ~it ;f: it~ -i;- , 9..1-¥- k 5f 1f. •u .£ .t. ~ ~~it
    +ft..~Mo
    (2) lEl~v:AJ€1, ~-=J--+~JL~i.£.~1-ttit+ft..~M. ;;i-Yl..A..~;f:~7'f7-tk.
    ;f: 4'-- ;fi_ + iJi. if> ~ 71 A. 0

    20. B'r7;::ftBSotT1m1n~~=iW,1m~1'~.Ztx~ ctiegongjT)


    ttllfrJ1!*~WGll~, ~;ffiJ!t)(o
    Iron cock: miser.
    c1 ) itt 1n 1f. "k X> ~ v~ ::t- *it ~.4t ~ )t~ , l5l :h itt».. ;f: it :t- ,
    ~~;f: 71-\!!.o
    * "f *'l A. it :t--it lEI

    ( 2) ,J, 5R it :.l-1-Ji. : "itt~ .t. ~it +~.4t ~ ;t~ , ~ 1Ji. 7 -f ~ , 1-lt :i£ it -:h'- 4~ -tl!. ;f:
    ~a"

    (3) k ~ iJL:W!.~~ it +~.4t/A-- ;t~, fat i! + ;t~ ~-t:t-ii-- ;f: 1ft t, :!!. 4'-- JL it :k1t *
    *
    17

    - -T- J;k: 4~ ~ ~~ ~ "f ~~ l)t?

    21. ftxill:~:J=m~~ Cyaoqianshu)


    ttl!friPJ~1~~J:*:It~Mfl"J.A.Wt!W o
    Trees that sheds coins when shaken : a ready source of money.
    (1) -kJL;ff7,*,JL~9..Jf>, :i!.:S(~1~;f,t~-kJL~A7~~~ • .tl:.:i-kJLjij
    ~-ki~ ~, tft;.f-;f: ~-k JLJl,'t ~ ~~ o

    (2) :k.-11~ ~-!..~iJL: "a)!, A.~ at ~Al#, 1f. i; .Lk. Pi9 ~ ;r,t ~~~t k~ ~~, i1i
    ~Jl;ffl!.~ +-k JL, i!~-tk.;ff 7 -~~4~~,~ !"

    22. Iffitt~~-3=-D~ (k6uq1) ~lti'\: (da) ~o~


    iJt irs ff9 E(. Mf1! * o

    High-sounding sentiments; look down on small things (in speech) .


    ( 1) ;J' ..£ Jj)l._,ff. *tl VA rt "f ;f: - # 7 ' iJi. jlJ4~ ' 5R p ~ Jt JL /5" ' -t- JL /5" ' p 9..
    :k.A:tf1flo
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    ~ -t:t ;f: ¢$ 0 ,

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    k~, Pf.£Jii~~J£~:f*~J1i9+Ao

    175
    23. 1itl11J ~ ~ ~ lml l.?vi ~ ~ lffil , 83@ ~ ( y6u ta q u)
    (ijt}!}\_) /f>~, fJ:{ih~{J!, {ih~AlfMc1t-iJ91;{$:{f~o -ili.PJiJt "~{ih-*"o
    (The speaker) does not control him ; he can do as he pleases ; he is a loose cannon.
    Also, "~fill-*".
    (1) -1175-JQiiJL: "--1'-;J,~-=f*-, .f:~1t~;f/G~1t~' wfl!!.*ve., 1;f-Jf~:i!.+
    i\.; !"
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    ~ :f: -li 1!; o " ;t- 1!; Ji!t ~ 1JV. if.J iJL

    -" :ii£Jf.l ~fei¥-JW!i~:tl~:


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    ;f: "Jf1i: ~ v}j- JJl. ffit ;fJG k m
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    ~~fr:ti•.~l¥1%~• T, tt#~.-~-mm~
    lli*o
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    **~~.-~~ID~~-ili.aT-~7, .&~~
    fik{lli § B 1¥1$ o
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    fik]i!R~ .~~~/f>~~To

    <4 > *~ mttt t-¥ ~ iJt = "1$ ~ ~ _ _ _ _ _ _ Pl\PJ 1 -m;r- mJ~ JJ~ .® t! :ff
    & :ff :11! ;E_lgjt li\~ # Hf! 0 "

    <s) ~1f1tk:Ji!it*f4*-~**•*ng~nz:ift, *'M1ttrW~fik~fn~JL


    _ _ _ _ _ _ 1¥1 ~;f~iftrn , JW grp ft:IAr-- ~m -m* 1¥1 o

    176
    _ _ _ _ _ {!i.{ 1¥1 , *flf-§1£~-T lit 1¥1 4HJt:ffi#r~L

    cs) fJt#if:l~J?::~-iX~~f-tMnur ill-*, ili tzl¥1 at1~ifm~~, PT&nJL


    *~*M-~T,N~~~~-m•*·~T~~*~­
    ------ , 'Wftfli~l @1 T ~0

    (10) §l-AIWJ~7IOJ'lcJTJ§, ~Jd!HIJL~T®*, 1~~A-:J!flfl~rmi~*


    a"J o xU ~ ti ~ 1£ H~ lit , :;: if JL..' ~ , 1m 1k
    _ _ _ _ _ _ , 7{ ~ :ff rmJ ~ :fE, ff)[;:::f~N~ To
    * § a j~ iU T - :f*

    =" ffl11!j ;E 1¥-.J -mJ iii ~ .liX :x;J ~ :


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    B: :::ffr, - - - - - - o c~_t_m)

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    1J~ IW~ JL1i ~ffi!

    (3) 1]\!JI&: 1]\:«fL f~~~~~:tli-=f, llr*l¥1, ~:::f, I]Y({[~N~~~~,


    ill :::f ~ ' ut tl 1¥1 0

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    * A 4<.i)

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    ~~: 11£3, 1~1f:gt,:::f*, 0 ( 0 ~k_)

    cs) A: ~§a ~~P-~J®! §a, :::f%~1~1f1~J$tdml¥1, 1~8Jtil:~HJH~fn­


    ®-*PE.o

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    B: JJU, JJU, ~:::f%, o Ctl:l ¥-fm)
    177
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    ~~ Mtftm @1 o "*
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    ~~ Y.!h : {$1l}f ' 0 ( JE. JlBi ~ )

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    178
    c~J~#.-3ZL~.tll~~-3ZL m i m-ffl-, :i!.at~-.,J,juJt:ttt*-)
    ~~=··~#.~R~RM~m~~~?
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    ~ Y, :flt~1~{if?. t5t1±,~ =f J:. Yo
    1j\:XU: &~JL, ~1W:ktkJLEr11Hm-TIIH&*~)[;&~PF1*~~5~, il§; Y/F!P~~o
    -~%Y.~~~r$fflPFm1*1?~~~~*$Yo
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    ~tffi $ i]],~J)J, &JHlfi!&mf~JL~a!WPFmi'6J~~?t/F3fa1J, ft-~$:J'tn~
    ......... ~~~~ r _.,_ /.a -.!? .::r::
    f,§j J~avf'IT, 1"'-f~ I o
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    @.~~@$~ii§;M~.~*m•~M;I}2fo
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    Jj\*'lc : ~ ~13~ 14M: 'flf fr.f , t1t 'rEI~~ iW" $!1 1Jf , fm E $!1 1tR o 1t ~ $111 ~ iJt iJt 5frl ~
    ~*~~~~~.mm~~.~*~t1t~Yo
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    %Jo
    179
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    ~~=~·~*#~~~~*~~$2,.WW.~·~·~-D-~.~2,.~
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    - ~JLiti -T-lli./f> ~~ ~, fi!!::f>t~f$/.t'~ ~, i3t/G J:E 00~*¥1G~1$~'1' ft
    •al!GtE~~~~~-@~~m~T.~#~~~?
    ~*=#~T.~~*~B11M~l!G::f>m~~~.m~~~l!G~~.m~l!G*
    ~ ""F ~it , '-1. 1~ fiG ::f' 1f .=. -t =+ - :§')[ ~ 111! -=f __t T , -rn• ~ ~ 1d:kJ LIll T
    -D~o
    Jj\xtl: ~ JL.·~1fJi1{$Pi;::f\ 7, :ffi~:iEo ~~11i~$1ilffiT, #{$ff~~iJMt2,. o
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    Jl~!lo
    ~~=··~o$~"~·-"I~B1J$~-:t£ff~-~*~o::f>tl, fiG~
    ~.~~~*~S~,I~mm~~o
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    1j\ xU : ~:!6-ff ~ i'Jr ?!d$ ~ 1@. ~ -=f Blf!. 9:. , i)t i!ift 1L~ JL:7J ~ o
    1J"* = lt{fj, xEJTi~ o

    1. ~ (xian): ;z~s:-m~JI:b5.f-~__t.£:t±D~·ifa"J~, JWi-=flEB11 "~" ttPtu~#iJd~.

    -~0
    2. 1f!. m = lf!.~~*w C:ftnlfrt~~ > B11m~ o
    3. f~ (che): ~~.~lEo
    4. Ji!t: fi!JX~J{I.-. mJ:Eo
    s. ~·fl= ~£*$~~. ~m~15f~B1J~}~L
    6. "RaM (zho)" I~: mJ9i:lifl£r, iJI~*481Jm~I~o

    1. 1'lJU~:~td~Jli2i (mei t6u mei nao) ti:Bi5G1t~o~


    ttlltu~~:*~~L 1~~~0
    Completely unexpected; one had no clue .
    ( 1) ~1k.'!JUt tlT ;j- ~ :fYl., - iq !it::ft~# ~ #- -T-, .f±l- ~ 7f 0 o jL.~tl vt 1,&. af,
    ~;f5~1d~~~-jJL T -li): "~k~ if ~!J:..:ii~*fo" k~~~~J:!~
    180
    ;fij' a'-) it 1t z. ' 1if 5l_ ~ ;r:; • I'~ 0

    * -n-
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    aJ.J J:. 1i1 * T , ;r:; J:t~ 1n e.. ~ >J ·~ 7 o

    2. #;m1~1ttH}tf:Es~ ..t. (shu6 zai dianzi shang) j


    *
    mmfPJ MI Et9 tt :~til m~ Et9:JJ -oo
    Put one' s finger on it ; cut to the heart of the matter.
    o

    c1) * .1h 3t3t l'~ ~ , ~ 1n ~ J,l ;t: il:. ::t- i@- .& it - * r JL , 1-11!. iX. 1~ ~ ?'! ;r:; ~ , 1if
    .tg:. 6J w ~ ~~ iX...{f.,?!, -=f J:. , il:.1;f- •\.> ~Ito Rll o
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    -r J:. 0

    3. jE (zou) j=f:~~_m (wonlu)


    m•~~ili·~~~~~:/J~~~wm•~~~o
    Go about something the wrong way ; take a wrong path.
    ( 1) fit 1f1 /,t} ~ ~tl ~ iL -lf- ~ , ~ iV 1£l a.t , 1"' aJt..lfl!Jt ~ -1tt :7-1.: , 1if YA ~ ~ :it #f
    -l- jjt] A a'-) ~ .!Jft- , j' k_ .J!t. 'If l$- o
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    Bik ~ ~ :h 5tt;;f±~ ;;ff Jfl ~A~ o

    4. :760~~~ (chang goodiao) =f:{j


    i3tf~~¥U Et9~3%i'i!i o
    Say things that sound good but are difficult to follow through on.
    ( 1) 1~ .{f. ~ "* tf ;f~ !±: ' }l)t ~ ~ f.F :it l'~ ~ 1}!1 ' iX. 'fl.-if; ' 5~ ;;ff 1:£-19f Jfl ' ~ M.. J' J

    :fA+, -m ~1a*f.tg:.-~ .:r..ff o


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    ~~l'~, 5~;;{f Jt-J~j};:!-~ .;Jtt~, -{JJ~;}t'fl1;to"

    5. /f~~~~F.Ju1DJ.8~i~jC2FolRt}Ji:l':>l: (mei xiawen) j


    rJtffJt!:~~ £a*~~::~L
    No further development ; result unknown.
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    ~ 1f1 ~ ;r:; M-11[ 0
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    181
    6. ~1"~gm-IJ$JXI. ( yf zhen feng)
    H~ PtuE i)b at ISJ ?iR , /G if~~ j\_ o
    For but a short period of time; fleeting.
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    A'fT o
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    ~", ~ ~ r - *-~, ~5~l:t- XJtJl, it±;J:;} ju- :iiLJL-!- r + 0

    7. qf~[Q]~~~jEit~ (z6u guochang)


    :J!Uf}J:\, /G-JAJ!.*{io
    Do something as a mere formality.
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    ;fk;{if A r
    * ,
    0

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    ~*• ~~~~~itk_k_l:t·.~~A,il:±#A~~~Jt·~~{){Jo

    s. iWCJI1 tL~11]lfu"W (qian jiao) if-F, 1iliFoW Chou jiao) ~


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    R~~iiT :Jj-~i)]Jf'F o
    Person B does something as soon as person A has finished his action.
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    ~k_, ~hJi'i"~it~T.~~~~*~~~~~o
    (2) ~at1~~1n{tt;t..~*--1t~ii. ~~~~m n, ~1nJi'i"~i,tM!.ju.fif~-!­
    JJt , 1-t it~~ ·tk: -r :BJ£ r -1t lEI *- 0

    9. 1tiS..$Rl::~iiG5fD~~~:tsffi~U~:~~~ (liang ma shl)


    ~;fLk*~:JG~/G~Ei'9[W{lf::$o if1i~ "Wff@J$" o
    Two entirely different or unrelated things. Also , "[W @I$" .
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    ~~ o l:tl&-{){J A~#l I;~ JL, ~~;fp~ ~;It~ ;;J;., .~ Z. ~E.,#-~~~?
    (2) ~ ~~~jlJ li~ ~ *"{){J #-r, *-~**3-.tiX. = "1!~1* -!-urrii(:fPA. *- 3Jt
    ~1;f-Jt~~·! 1Jlj~*-f~J\..Jf-T o"

    182
    10. ~~~1m~~~ (zuo yangzi) WC7Gs
    Jt~~oo_tiJtiJtJ:f~1{.iE~{gi, ~1~~1Mc~$, ~~1{-JC.dMca
    Say something and not follow through; pretend to do something.
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    ~;#tA-r, rm A.xt* ~1fl? ~~if o
    (2) :Mr.:Mr.Jh11!!.-i>L = "~ ~i!1;f-~{f~·ttt%%, 17f ~£~~ ~~ ~, 1* ~·ra
    1~ 1~ #- .:r- -lk.. j_i 1E1 * 1i. p;1fr :k ' ~;;::: *- ~ ~ ~ -iJL 1;f- ;;::: ·t:f .. {f.J 0 "

    11. R~~1!!l!JbZ-D}fi~:~ (dao xf yl kou liang ql )


    *~A~~ '!till:·~, ~·tsB"J*+r o
    Gasp in surprise or fright.
    c1 ) -T iL ~It {f ~ 1iL ·m ·t;li s.t .tr ;. :i--$:
    fttl it .£ :it: tB - 1&:. ~ §:}] JL , i1:. A;$ T t: •ta o "
    *, ; : :
    ws.t 1f~ 1?lt r - o i~ 9.. : "~ -t- A tf.J

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    !£.To
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    1?lt- o i~ 9.. , .ft .~, JL ~;;::: 1i. T o

    12. 1irn±;Jjp~~AJEO~=Ju~ (jie) fillffiJ~~JL (laodTr)


    maili ~~~1¥.1 I*J·!f~Jre~ o

    Expose the real story; dig up somebody' s unsavory past.


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    ~ JitJL o
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    ~ JitJL?

    13. -,~) Lii3i~ (mianzi) til1~!:'8fillii (liu)

    ~-~ ~-~A·Iii~~~-~-~-~~~-~0
    Leave somebody their face or pride.
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    1i1 1lQ -iJL ilk. , 1f1t 2:. -i~ .1f ~~A €J1.J at 1.i -1t -iJL o "
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    A fl! TiT -f- , fojf v_A 1-lf ~ T ;;::: ~y A o

    183
    .(.A)-~~ ~~~-~tr*¥Ao
    Make things hard for somebody by abusing one' s power.
    c1) at 1~, ¥ti-t 1±. .r..-tt ::r:: iA ~ lf.J ,J, ffi1 , ·If;- 57 ~1, wJt r * lf.J ~,
    1-l!!. JXJtl *-lf.J *
    ~1-t!!. T Nf-ltl :QJ!!:. ;lk -J- at, T t:. Jf;iti@-1-1!!.. ~ T JL ;J: ,J, .fi, 1-l!!. Jf:.kR1.ff T
    - ;k_ " k." {f.; ;ft iJIJ o

    ( 2) 1;f--* )t ;r:: Jl@Lt 1-\l!. ' ~ )t 1t z. Jt ~ 1-ff ~ T 1-1!!. ' 1-t!!. ;it it ~ * 1;f- J' .fi ~ ' il:.
    *
    I

    1;f- *- *- ~ft ~ ~if :i£ iJL ;r:: ~ 0

    15. ~rc5ft-*i'l'~~ (xiamawei)


    -7f~€r§9t filJ ¥AH~ JtDJ ~:~lt~F o
    Deal somebody a head-on blow at the first encounter; try to establish dominance on
    first meeting someone.
    c1) 1-l!!.1n 7t :tr~ 1-:t ibi~~ ~t}:;: , ,J, ~-* ~~ Ill , *
    ffiJt-* 1" ~ , 1~ A~ Jt ::r:: - # 0

    ~J,~i@-*l'$1f*- T-1--T ~~. ?~-*Z- "Jf:M!.lf.J, -*Z-;it1f-1-a


    (2) :*tl.i..1£-:Bi*-;iti@-JL1'-lf-.$.£A*- T 1--T ~~. ~&.:iJJfhJt: "1;f-1n;t~
    % ijf ~ ' ltf *- 1;f-1f1 T 1t z. T ? }Jlj YA JJ ~ 1t z. ~ ;r:: :9;P it. 0 "

    16. ~1~33(;1'~ t=+- (buguan san qT ershfyT) l?vt~1t!l=f _t s


    ::F J@t- tJJ ' ::F ~ ::F J@t 0

    Regardless of the consequences ; no matter what others may say.


    *-
    ( 1) ~JH~ M T YA J€r ' ~ 1-ff 1r<. ~llJ ' ~ "*- ~ Jt J' .1:. .:fi :i - ~ $- ' 1-l!!. -1!:. ;r:: 1f .=:..
    I

    -t:;..::.-t-, ~~*-- o 9_.;itl1§hj[. To


    c 2) ~ Jt ~1, %1 + x lf.J JJ , :kit ::r:: rt -==- -1::; -==- -t - :rJG r 1± .tr *, -
    :re. -tt 1±. *- . .:ft
    1!!1 ft1t..% .£ 0
    ( 3 ) 1-l!!. :f: 1f .=:.. -t:; ..::. -t - , :re. Jt .1:. lf.J # -T- ~ #!L -T-1t Z. lf.J ± ~ .:Vl T ~ -!- "

    17.illw~M~1Y<JLttJ (chu) s-O~ (ylkouql)


    lli (-) IJ9; ttWAJ'JES"J·!m~, /f-mlo
    Give vent to one' s anger or discontent.
    (1) ~ Jt*-A;f,t:ktt~.llg T, :M!.1.f}-~1.f}-Jft~m:. To :kit- jL~-*:itt:kt:ftilij:,ftiJII
    ~1'-#Rlf.J~~.:QTI!JJf:.k~TO'i..o
    (2) 11' _£ iJL: "1;f- }Jlj X. T ' fY1 *-~ ;it-i-1f1;f- ~ ~ :Q p 9..' ~1-l!!.if.~::f: ~~k ~

    184
    18. 31t11@{i'Jlt11JXDz=1'J", 9'1~~jE (chT bu liao, douzhe z6u)
    §Bm~~F~E*·*~~T~~*~o
    Land oneself in serious trouble ; bear the consequences of one' s actions .
    (1) ?R.±--J-~, ~)t:l!.--t--:k-A-*fiJJE..{f.:l!.JL, .f'~-*-· 1-1!:-<fi!G~~ T ;fE
    ;fk_ To
    ( 2) ~illi M.~ ' {-1!:- R -t )~ 1&. lU - Jtl:. *" J:;F •\.; {iJ M _&_ ' ~ ;{_ {11!. lfAj "* YA ~ iX. {iJ ~ ;tb
    ~-#T~~.{-1!:-~~~~T;t;fk_T!
    (3) ,J,J%f.71: "1-t!?.Jt:A~~~**--t~.$-:J:NT 11e.?" ~~:k.Jt$-iJL: "111!..~? ~;{.
    * *- $, il: {-1!:- vt ~ T ;fE ;{ k_ o"

    . 19. 1\:=1']" (dabuliao) ~ftffl*


    :k:iF 7 { fM£~*) :litF~.:/it:l/f,~~*:i!~;!it$, PI ~i~i1!i.A#~:tF'f o
    At the worst; if the worst comes to the worst (conveying a careless attitude) .
    ( 1) %% .x}J i!: "Jl:. T Jl:. T , - Jf ii Jli& 11L ~ T JL --t-4~ , :tr-. T ~ :tr-. T , k ~
    T 4- *- BJt J:. ~ Pt ' iJ: :lit VA~ ~i. ~ ,??, JL ~ ;{_ T ! "
    (2) ,{f.~~ 8t fiJ~J:., 1-1!:-~JL--J- ~ ~*" 1t ~., k~ T 4- ~it r -,??, JL7~
    ~ ' PJf YA - ~ J:. {-1!:-.{f<. 4Ji. * 0

    20. i.$t.~J" (shuochuon le), 1-ill{I'Jk:JS~It1\~~~


    ~ili$M~~~~*~.~~ili~Mo
    Reveal or expose something' s true nature .
    ( 1 ) ;t A- iX. : "1~ ;;t ~ ;tb ± *'- , ~ ~ lj=- 4£ , fl}J *-.. , 1-1!:- {ll ~ ~ J:. ~ ~ T , iJL Jt
    T ~ )t .tifFA.~ iii Jt ~J\'J o "
    (2) {-1!:-,ft-)t iX.: "5L --J- ~:lit, A. :k3 ~:lit, JL At~ :lit, iJL Jt T , ~ kM-&. *
    ~, X ~~7fJ A:fJli1%t*" ·*-JL~ ~-!-To"

    21. 1ttHI'Jk:IS~JI1\~~~ (xTn li you gul)


    :tf~PJ B- A~1J1J:~1!f$·tf o
    Have a guilty conscience.
    (1) $.%-i]f{-ltiJL, ,J,~R:l!.JL*..**· ~~~*-· {-I!?- 17JfT YA~, Jt$-iX.: "1-1!:-*
    *"
    1t ~ • "J\'J ' .ftl!; k ,\_; .:£. Jb ' ~ ~ *- J2.. $. 0"

    (2) ,J,mPJf~ T l!l:k-it-.£-iRtt-tl mC.fiJ~.~. •\.;.£1R.±q_,, <f)~~4lJJt~*-·


    ~ ~.f »- mi -~-At- mc. •\.; .:£. *" Jb 0

    185
    Despite A ; in spite of A.
    ( 1) i!J ~ ·~ #~ , 1,f-1fJ_ -:k" JJJL~- ~ -i- '* , -1\ *-*1,f- J:
    ~ .f~ ijft , it~ Jt ~ -'f- ~ v~ ?
    ~.it. -~-.~+£~~-W~~~-~~~~•To
    C2) J... it %- %-1f +.tEl -tr ~ ~ 4Jl1Jt : "1~ -=f p~ , vj· ~=-r "Y· *-
    ~ ju A~ .it- ~ *- ,
    -=f A. , ~.it 1-iW ~ :;t $ 1,f- X.. -it o "
    ( 3) .::. ~- +A. !£. T 4- *- '\. , ~ !£. '\. v=-r !£. '\. , ::t ::t jU T 1i!t !It 1.&.. ~ at fa) T ,
    :kt~~ju ffit & x ·t-c Jt r o

    23. f£}~~~~, ill/ffJ~~ (no) I1'F~J Lj)t (dang erxl) n~~


    * (~~!Jm) 2MJL~ t~jJJtux1~$4!!J/FR~. /Gift~, Jf:%~-~0
    Treat something as a game; not take something seriously.
    ( 1) %-%-iJt: "1,f-k ~ilL T , ~ ~ ~~ ~J11JA.~ •r:t~ ~ JL~~ ~, .M.4'--*-.7t~ ~
    tlt-1J- 11~ ~ J a"
    0)£~*~~.-·k*j~~~**-~**· ~~~~-·~-~
    ~~ , .;f;f ~ ~~ iJL & ;fJUk , iJL j(_ ;f,t j(_ o

    - .. mmft~Jr.Ji.RI~:Il:£
    *
    =

    ~ 11' Jf1 r E; A - ~ JA. iJt ~ T v,g »~ ~ a '\. i~ !Jd~Jf~


    ~ 'f ~ -t:; -=- -t- - #1 '9.1- a l;f- q_,
    C1) 1tMI1 tit T -7C T , ~ Jli!. =* -T 1: ~ llt 1'8 , _ _ _ _ _ , M!m* @t
    B: PI JIL£ , ~~ JLJ1! J®i 1~ 1: {Jt-¥ n]liiJ o

    C2 ) ~ -:% t~j ~ 1-tB 1fJ 8Jt ~ tf:\ T ~ :!if 1'8 lR ~ 1: :% , ~ gg- ft 1fJ * 1'-
    - - - - - - ' il: ft1fJ tE {.<f]!_t)'G~ gg-{-tB1fJ 0

    ( 3 ) ~Jl ~Jl 1: gj 1~ f1J?. , Jf *T ~· ~ ~ ·ts


    iJt ~ f1J?. ~ u~ ft 1* -~, , ;It ~
    _ _ _ _ _ _ :MB:l!~ -1'- Jd±J! 1'-ffiH8J , 13~ ®t~:l:1=tt cnnH:L
    C4) ft 1LHR 8Jt ~ tJU~U ft iJt ~ T , ft miJt a"J " JJA :& " , :1:- ~~X. 1: 1'8 "M
    N._ " , 7fp ~ J1f! m¥ 1'8 "JJ)j :& " ~ ~:!! 0

    (5) ::ki*JL*¥U1J'0~-~, t~/F~------, 7t!Ji!.ilf:~t§jcJf


    ~ , :iJ!x iE 11. 00 ~ i~ ~t~ /F .!Ji!. T o

    186
    (6) 11E~IR*~u1l~Ja, IR*fftl~/FN~AT, PJ1J~.t!:t.XID±.X~I¥Jffl~
    ~~~~.~~~~~IR*~~ , PJ~H~~~o

    (7) :k:ftx-tM:M:iJl.: "jjtl~ T:IS-~!S-? tH?k~/F:IS-, :te1~1¥J;J\3t!J3lf£. T,


    ~/Ff&1~Wt~~~Ht!!iT~JL T JL , 1~~31!J-tl13t/F @!*
    To"

    ~>~1nJL~~oo•~~--$~~~w.n~•~n~**·
    _ _ _ _ _ :ttl!. ll:tJ T -1D : " ll'p 3C it r5t ~ Bll T ? " ~ 1fJ- f!E , -
    a-t r5tli m: :U* o
    C9) ;J\ ~llJTiJl. '3£: li! 3c J L~ ~ 1£ tl ttl 00 , f£JA~ £'f! * fPJ ~ ~l?J ~ -z. ?11' , ~l?J ~l?J iJl. :
    "1~ 7'6 jjU l.l ~. If If~ 1* -T-1~ .X /F ~ ~ T :ff!II:, -=f ft -z. tr5 ~
    _ _ _ _ _ ' nJL3C{~-J.1Jffl!~f5[{1£Jffl!t~/F~T o"

    =, ffl jl§ ~ i'iil ilt ~ J.OC ....Fim l¥1 1iJ T- :


    (1) A: ll'p3C~;ff~,+,~~Wt~T .1~1t-z.a11'*~Ei"J? -i£&E¥1J*~P(g?
    B: IFJJ~ JL npiiJ, _ _ _ _ _ _ (A ~ JJ!r V, B k JJ!r V)

    (2) A: 4-3C~/F;J\;L.,:fe1W!I¥J7J<-!illl~:l!f. T, ~@I *~~-z.x-t~iJl.ll)f?


    B: /F 8,1G ~ -1'- Jj( !illllll?J ? o ( k ;r:: T )

    (3) A: ~1n~:!S-7'6M:IS-1VfJ'E1VfJ'E, i-T~it::\41J, jjU-~zro~o


    B: x>t, o Ck~~)

    (4) A: {~m!~~~:k~T, 1~:k;fi;G;TP[g? +~~$1$1e~$fa<JXJ!hir


    ~IIZ:To

    (5) JL-T-: ~1f1r*4-3C~T, lA~7CJf~f:ti-1~:fft'~-Ui~JL'6'tJL~. Pir,


    J3: @I$£ ;f'~ ~ !

    (6) A: ~.tt~i~M!Jf~:%~, JW!~J,ff}t~!Wi~T~?


    B: A*~~:k~~~ T , a ( WI Til-f-)
    (7) A: ~Jtl~#~~~· .~Jt:f!TJt:f!TNiJl.i\5, i3l.I¥Ja11'*:ffi~B:~Jt-t a

    (8) ;):~: IAI¥J~l!lt~ttl!CH~/F_t, J't:ff16*1¥1tJL~Ijfft-Z.fflnpi!J!


    187
    · (9) 5FJ5FJ: ,J,IXJtl~~:ili:ffu~I¥J*W~,Z,1J-00~?
    ~~: {i!!~~:ili:ffu, o (vt~ T~ftj(_)

    (10) A: 155-!fa'p3C~~iJ&l1}-tl!.~1llJ:ij§T~? ~,Z,~3C··· ···


    B: 1f!H1~1'- A, o (A ~a A)

    (11) A: 1fl\{fJ_A~U$-tl!.JJtl1~~~~~, ~&~J:ij(f}k~, -,~)L-tl!.~~o


    B: 1!5!:~.¥. A~O!~P-~1'-;f§gJ[;;E, 1~ a (1ft#-T-)
    (12) A: 1fl\1¥J$Jt~,Z,¥f.T?
    B: lflg}(;5<:J:-*, PI~------ a O~Tx)

    188
    (*- itt ;f!7 -!- -=f a}] ~ - j}L ~ 1_&.- j}L Jf9f *... JL )

    *~=~*r~~~7n*=m~n~~m~~*r*~*o
    RJ3$: P§1n~fBJ~r**8)[;/J\, *rJ1~1£~JLii~-=F~D!P B9-,~JL-t11/F:1J1J!o
    *~=N~~.~~~~~::lJ••~.~~~*r~m~~.*~~-~::f
    ~Ef9o
    f!l3$:~~m.~~~~o~~~~.m~~~.A~/F~B9*W,~~M
    ~-~~~Ef9~@.,M7~~Ef9.~~&/F~~o
    *~=~m•••~••~r. ~*B9·•~•m~.~-~r::fm~~~
    El9, fitg- B{±_t~usr{l}~neo
    f!l3$: P~, P§1f1~7~2,.$1f:~7.t<JL, iUlJ¥.:(£Ji~1~~Ef9*tj)N~, ~1111h
    *·~~~~~~M~-~T.-~~~~.-~~~Mo
    5tE~: 1$~~1£t3CJ:J¥taJLf}tE19~$. ~N~~. P§1fJ~JLfi:Jkfi~B9.~~
    ::fm•~~m~•. ~m•••A~.mm~~M~?mss••T.
    •~amr~~*~~~mm~ttLEI9o
    f!l3$:~.~1nn~~~~•mra9$N~?~~::f~x~~*~:fk~=r?
    *~=*•~~~~~1n~~~.-~~1n*T~~•*·~fin~:ii~EI9
    ~rti1N~~.m*~~/F~£~~T~~*o
    189
    oo~=~~~~?&•~~~~-~~•~mm~?
    5tE ## =\~ ~ &:ff 1m* .
    ff:t fit llZ 7 1'" :iE ~c:·n t~ ~ J£ :ff fit 1n ~
    0 m-=r- . FP * t~t ~
    ~-~7.~~QA$~-~-~.ffi~.:ff1'"~~~t/t~C7.~
    wm_~~~o~mili*~~~fltffio
    00~: {ti!.J!t~}t~~i5t~~JJI~, i11ti!.*P~{i'J~JL1±JL7(~, 1ti!.8J[;~~~ i~ 7o
    ~ffi~@t/t~~7~~. k7~~~-~&%~m.~~W~H~ffr
    ~ffim-=f-, ~ID~~~*.ffr~*1'"~W~~o
    *##= ~ . • @%m**•~w••fi~.•~•ff~anm.re~*.:ff
    ~$~~M~~7m-=f-~•••omm•&~,eyx:ff*~~-=f-~.M
    ~~WIJiliiJ!
    oo~= ~W1$, ~~~d> Afi~tr~~JL~m-=r-~±~, P~ffJ~~ey~H~~k.L

    *##:~IJiliiJ.~~W~%~~1%. k.L§fim~B·ti~7.-~m-=f-+$
    ]J~!
    00~: ~-~7()C~~Uj!PJ, P§ff] .1'" jj t/t~~~JLd/'1~ ey'tt ~I:Bf, -,~JL:>rr
    *~&:ff.~·-····~·~~~~~~~0
    *##:WJt~a~ammmfi~•.:ffA•M.*••1'"}jffifre~tio
    00~: -~!¥Uf'M'~~~$$~, flt~-t.·£8Jtffi:1IU1IU ~, XfJi~ 8 -=f-~M-Mn_,J o
    *##=~-~~~~.A*~*~J%-=f-,~$*~~.-~-0~~.16~
    -~~~$7, ll~ffi~-ZP"i,5t-ZP"PI5o

    1. ~Jl!H~~: ttPtu~7 Jt¥U § ~19!ffl~#~~~1}~0


    2. ~k.LQJL.': ~71\X-f~~~m~, ~iA-x11~o
    3. d/':f~ey'tt: ;lf,J~,~~~1jt~~#d/'o

    •••=
    4. 7H9i:: miE#t&Ak.L:>rr~t&Ao
    s. • (lei)
    6. ~. : RfHLH-T f'M' $~ o
    ~£m (~7~ti) ~~m~1Lt'W:g, ~ntM~o

    7. ffi:{ij]{ij]: lf.J?i:fffi:'m:o

    190
    3!fm*
    ttntu:ttT~~#*IlTIJJ9:, 1~~$@} o mi~ "J! T fvt:=m;<:JJ" o
    Spend the strength of nine bulls and two tigers ; exert tremendous effort. Also, " J!
    Tn4=mzn".
    ( 1) ~ 1fJ f 7 1L 4--=- JJi ~ }J 9.."
    ~ 5-tt.te- 11~ ~ 7 ~ •J' £~:itt 7 .$- .£. ' ~ 1f1;..
    +A_~ n\ ~ 7 - ~ 7t
    *
    0

    ( 2) Mdc_ ~ f 7 1L 4--=- JJi .:t. JJ , .& Jf:. :t3t :itt 7 A. If , ;;t JiL 7 ~ ~ Wi -o o

    2. ~3-1:&7±JZ) L~¥~111 (ai shou ai jiao) BSJ-~) Lill~:D1~


    1i~$' WJ1i~}d~$, ~Jr~o
    Be in the way; be a nuisance ; hinder.
    c1) 11~ + k:fe -r _u:..f*,tf. n -o , ~~:itt -i-~-t ~ JJir ~ , ~ 1n ~.te- '6 •ju n ;g-
    riT ' li[ -JoJ -JoJ ;f,t Jt ~ iJ: #J 0

    ( 2) v:A ~ ~ ~ Jt ~itt ,{f. ffit & ~ -f- ~ JJir , ;f,t ~ iJ: 11!!. " ~1ft. 1~ , it *- .OC ..(f. itt 1t
    ~1;~~~4Hft.o

    3. i>t~i[§, 1':&Z.~ (bu zenme yang)


    ~ j(:tlf' ~:ff 0

    Not very good.


    (1) ~;;tliitt~JLitt't, iJt~..(f.~~~~#. li[~~l!-791t~~~ ~A_

    ( 2) ~ j"_ 1:£- _xt ~~~iff- .~, * ~p ~ ' 11!!. ~ ~ ~ ~p ~ ~ ~ .~ ~ # ' ~ 11'11~ Jt *


    ;;t iii~ ~ JIJYl stt 0

    ( 3) 11!!. ~ J!_ Il£ ~ ' ~ ..(f. :;f: I~ ~ :f-f ! ~ iJt '6 Jt -k ~ ' li[ -ft:. ~ Jt j(_ ~ j(_ ~ :;f: ~
    ~~~0

    4. fi;i)t11JW!J, QJJ~J~.ffil (zhen shi de)


    lXA)&•~ ~~A~¥A~•,mw.m•~~Qo
    The speaker is discontented with somebody or gently criticizes somebody.
    ( 1) ~*~*- ~ ~ i>t: "•J' -k' 1;f-lif J--Jt ~' I~~ jJ:.A_ ~M..(f. f1 p ~'fcJ? ik1;f-
    ~ JUL&. :itt~ ~ ~ !f o" 11

    ( 2) -JoJ -JoJ - :liL ~ ~ 1n .t\ -T ;t<.Jlll il: ~ 1f1 .t~ .J:. , - :liL iJt : " 1;f-11'H~ ~ -J!- Jt ~ , .~
    ~ ~~~ffll?t? ~JtitJ;m 7lif ~~ ~ 1r?"
    (3) ~ aJJ ~ !f~ ~~M!.iJt: "':i, J-- Jt ~, ~.te-at faJ ic,4tf 7 , il: 1;f-1n ~ ~ 7
    ~-*-.a"

    191
    5. ill~tUi'~~~ (xiong b6bo) 1~ffil1.l[QJ~
    tjj Pitr ~~ 1lt M 69 , ~ :gXJf!! 69
    Someone or something popular.
    *1!!1 ~J~ o

    (1) -tf-l±-!-, ~+..:r.1t'f7t+-t-~~. 4~5t.J;' x._~ ~' --+~~!!.if JL*


    ..:r.f1= Jllt 0

    ( 2) 1;f- X.. Jj=- ~ , X.. if ~ l'.il , -tf_ JJF J!!:. -:k;/7 -.k!t 1fl ~ NtLE , iJL 1ft + -t- ~ ~ , ~ Jf1 ~
    ~1;f-1r- #i ?
    (3) -t-1;f-1n~-tr~JJI!.-tf-A 1-t-~~1, .rt~.ft~$tl--f, 1~t-~Jt~~*-~1n
    ~JL, ~ 1fl ~ 1il!. ~ xklfl?

    6. ID±J"D~DJl (zong le bojl) 8~, *$Jtlli~$0~


    A + 7 PBPJL 1lL ~~#, w/ff::f#:gX69~}[tl, o A ~-~ Jlti-gi)%$WJ, ~ll
    "ID±, 15", ~- M, WL, f~, ~- ~, ~0
    Ve:ry, extraordinarily. It connotes the speaker' s dislike. A is a monosyllabic adjec-
    .
    t1ve, sueh as "llrr"
    Jlii , "~" "~"
    ~
    ""'s"
    t.ill:: , "~L"
    p 1.3C , "~"
    , "i®" ~ and "illii':"
    * 1 *,
    1=1 , , F£5( •

    (1) -+A-*-J:.#, {,ij 1 JL+Jlt-T, ~11'1 ~ 1 17-e:.~ ~, -·*· JL-ll!..


    ~1ifo
    (2) J:.. :t- Yip iJL: "rotl T ;t m, :J-.tJ:. ~ 1 ~~ ~, ~ *._)~ i} JL~;.t- 1 , 1;f-1fJ ~

    (3) ,J,J:..~, ~1-lt1!.1 17e.~~#-T, 1il!.if1tz.~-.. i£~Jtjf;1-lt%%~


    =*:~o

    7. 1fflflUmtJ~-~~~~GIR Cheng tioo bfzi shu tioo yon) j


    itl )it~~~ ;IW , ~ ft ~ ~~ ::f }I!Yf DlL
    Be hypercritical ; find fault with everything.
    c1) Wl-.kt 1x. = "1-tt -tf- 7r W1 ~ 1 ~ , ~1 'i.. , ~ ~ Jl5l- j:Ji ;rt *- * 1 - lE1 *- ;rt 1Jt.:#t
    -If. -T !!£- .:#t Nit , {j~ :!if{it Jt ~ 1~ 4ft 11t Z. 1t~, ~ !"
    ( 2) ~ ~ ~ :J.•tfl k_ -:k;/7 ~ *- , k_ -:k;/7 ~ _:.. *- iJL ;fj{.;#t -If. -T !!£- .:#t Nit , ~ ~ i i ~ ~ ~
    ~~.~~~~~~&t*-.~~~-~~~~.ili~ft~JJI!.~~

    8. ~~-E3 (you zhao yf rl) 1:t__t~j'-§5-:ff!}~D~


    ~*/ff-::Jeo
    Some day; one day.
    ( 1) 1-lt ~ ·~ X-tf_ !,N.: if -*JJ- a , ~- ;tA-1-~ {; "~- 1E1, i.l1\t1fJ ~, 111!~ -l1!..4-
    192
    jJ~ ~Jt
    !
    (2) :ktl:f/t*Jt¥'%-1 VA~J~#~~o :kt:t"~;/f-*JJ- a, :kt%-~~:i£fU-Jj-­
    i:
    {~ ;fu #) -t-+ JJ -=f ' 1WJ A.- JiL 1J:N ·~
    *
    0

    ( 3) 11!!. ~ , -5i;:r *- ;t -*JJ - a Jt ftl :klt , - 5t {e.:!!. Jtt ~% iJF :kt 0

    9. D§{l'l~ (he) ]')2~§4=~7J<)L (moshulr)


    1f * fii] ' 1f 9al -t,g
    Be learned; knowledgeable.
    0

    co WI ¥- * JL-+ , it 1t ~ k xo ~ i>L ;:r; J:. *- , ·f!- ;:r; 1f A. ~ i>L ~ 1n ¥- .J. 11<-~


    ~ jJ~ To
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    10. ~:tJ)JBill (da y6ujT)


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    Have no fixed place of doing something ; with no base of operation.


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    ttlltu~1tiJ"9:8Jt§~1~¥U:tlf~ C~~~~~PJ§~B"J) o

    (Pie falls from sky) of course there are no free meals , you have to work to achieve
    '
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    12. D§{I'J)XJ ~~~~~ (you t6u you lion) BSJ~~t!~FfilllWL~MJ5~0M


    ~ lltu 1f :1& 1ir ~ :1tr 1f 1'; ( B"J A )
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    13. D§{I'J~W~JL (sucm laojl) O~ij


    ffl~&~~~.*~~A~~*~m~~Ao
    It is used in a rhetorical qi.Iestion. It means that somebody is a nobody.
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    14. §UBE3~~ (bai r1 zuo meng) j


    fGm, m~PJ~~~$o ifL-0t "{M(s B~" o
    Build a castle in the sky; pursue something unattainable ; pipe dreams . Also, "1M!: B
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    15. fitt)X:O&~:fJJS~>J<~~~WJID (qiu yeye gao nainai) =11:tJ=8~


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    Beg everyone.
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    16. 1tB~1"~:Xrc511RTf~~3Z~ (koi k6ngt6u zhTpiao) j


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    Make an empty promise.
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    Empty-city stratagem; puting up a bluff.
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    18. )~~J=~1l;t85J~1moRDF.I.::fmH~ (chuT huzi deng yon) o~


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    Fume with rage.


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    19. 1it!5t;~~Dz (chT) J'"i'~J~\)tl. (dlngxTnwan)


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    Be reassured or comforted.
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    20. @~~ll0~1$t.i51'!!~ (zhanzhe shuohua bu yao teng)


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    22. Bt[Q]n!JS-:*:~~~~ti:l~~-~ (shlcho hunshen xieshu)


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    Rack one ' s brain.
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    25. m~~*S~ (seng duo zhou shoo) O~ID


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    Too many monks but too little gruel: not enough to satisfy everyone; not enough to go
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    26. ~~~1=3 (h6u nian ma yue) ill~~/EQ[g


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    The time will never come. Also, "~f ~ I1; J3 " .
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    27. 5t§U~ftl:m~§ 5, DEJ{I'JJ:E-:tlli$t-:tll (zou yf bu shuo yf bu) o~


    ~-~~MNN·~~.~-*·#~o
    Take one step and look around before taking another; do something on the fly; impro-

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    ISBN: 978-7-5619-2351-1

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