M13 part 2

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1. what ata chapter is lighting? 33

2. what are halogen bulbs made of? halogen gas and iodine or
bromine tungsten filament

3. what are incandescent lights made of? coiled tungsten filament,

argon, kypton or nitrogen
gas

4. what is the increased effectivness of a halo- 50%

gen light over incandescent?

5. what is the voltage of a cold start florescent 450v ac

lamp?

6. what is the voltage of strobe lights? 10Kv

7. what is the cycle range of the flash of a stobe? 40-100cycles per min

8. what are LED made of? aluminium gallium ar-

senide (red)
gallium nitride (green)
siliconcarbide (blue)

9. what is the basic unit of light intensity? candela

10. what is the total light energy in all directions? lumens

11. what is lux? number of lumens per dis-

tance squared

12. what are the colours of the nav lights and port-red-left
there position? starboard-green-right
tail-white

13. what are nav lights power supply? 28v ac or dc

14. what are the visible angles of the nav lights? left right- 0-110 degrees
tail- centre and 70 degrees
each way
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15. why is ac used on nav lights in the air? not to influence flux valves

16. what is the flash rate of stobe lights? 60-70 cycles per min

17. what is the power supply of a strobe light? 28vdc or 115Vac (trans-
formed to 450V)

18. what is the frequency of the rotating beam 40-45rpm which equals
anti collision light? 80-90 flashes per minute

19. what are the switches and contacts normal 15 times

value of current value on initial switch on of
the landing light 600w compared to normal
running current?

20. why shouldnt landing lights be used on the no cooling from airflow
ground?

21. what is the watt of a landing light and taxi 600w landing
light? 250w taxi

22. why should cockpit lights be dimmed when reduce heat build up and
working in the cockpit? extend life of the lamps

23. what are the 3 methods of manual illumina- potentiometer

tion levels? transitor and zener diode
transformer and pulse
width modulation

24. what is storm lighting? activate all lights to max

to minimise the effect of
lighening flashes on pilots
eyes

25. where are cockpit warning and indication battery bus or dc bus
light power supplys from?

26. how do type one and type two warning and type 1- power to trigger
indicator lights differ? type 2 -earth to trigger

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27. what are the 3 modes for the emergency off- de energised
lights and what do they do? on- lights on
armed- turned off but will
turn on if power failure

28. what are the main equipment of power gener- Battery

ation? TR unit
Static inverter
engine generator
Apu
Ram air turbine
External Power
External Dc

29. what amount of Kw can a static inverter pro- 2.5Kw

vide in an emergency?

30. what are the 3 ac/dc bus bars? Main

Essential-basic equipment
Power for ac to fly
Emergency- basic equip-
ment power to land

31. what are bus bars? low resistance electrical

connection

32. what are the load sharing buttons of electrical Airbus galley
power? Boeing utility

33. what are the 3 positions to check the lights in dim

a cockpit? bright
test

34. if the generator control unit is in auto when when the voltage and/or
would it bring up a fault? frequency is incorrect

35. what does galley shed mean on the ecam one generator offline and
display? (power distribution) galley load turned off to
shed the load of a single
generator
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36. what is an advantage of parallel generator no interruption to power

distribution? (power distribution)

37. what are perimeters needed to synchronise Voltage

parallel generators? Frequency
Phase angle

38. what is required if the ac if they have more split source breaker (splits
than one external power source? the bus tie into 2 parts)

39. when is automatic bus ties turned off? short circuit

auto landing (isolate avion-
ics to protect the redundan-
cy av equipment)

40. what is the time for break power transfer? 10th of a second (could
damage sensitive equip-
ment)

41. what is the time for no power transfer? and 1/5 of a second but have to
what need to be done to carry it out? be synced

42. how is the ac essential feed turned on? automatically for ac bus 1
and manually by the pilot
for ac bus 2

43. what length of time the dc battery would be 30mins

able to control emergency bus bars?

44. what other than a battery can be used to pow- air driven generator(driving
er emergency bus bar? a constant speed motor)

45. what are the to types of relay? contactor

breaker

46. what does the contactors require to control Current flow (large device)
the device?

47.
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What does the breakers require to control the A current pulse (this is then
device? held by a magnet) small de-
vice

48. what are the advantages of cbs over fuses? reset quickly
used as on off switches
(isolation)

49. what are the rating of the CB amps? 0.5amps to 125amps

50. how long should you wait before resetting a 2mins

CB?

51. what are the markers of cbs (colours)? Green- monitored by ecam
Orange - to identify to pilot
to cancel nuisance warn-
ings
Red - Safety clip to prevent
been closed or reset
Grey- to mark during main-
tenance activities

52. what are rccbs? Remote control circuit

breakers (use logic to open
or close) short circuits can-
not be reset

53. what is the fomula of a generator speed? n=(f*60)/p

p pole pairs
n input speed rpm
f frequency

54. what are the 2 different voltages of a 3 phase 200vac

generator? 115vac

55. what are the main parts of a brushless gener- GCU (voltage regulator)
ator? excitor generator
rotating rectifier
main generator
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56. what are the types of generator cooling? oil cooling more efficient
and smaller

57. what are the line voltage and line neutral volt- line to line-200
age of a generator? line to neutral-115

58. what causes the static solid state inverter to the beat generator
have the correct frequency?

59. what are the operation of the constant speed in idle- overdrive
generator and how long can they be in the between low and high
range? speed- constant speed dri-
ve (short period of time)

60. what is one turn of the screw on the speed 3 hz

gorvernor change the frequency by?

61. what is the charge pressure/working pres- 250psi

sure on a Constant speed drive?

62. what percentage of pressure of the constant below 50%

speed drive is the monitor indicated?

63. what is the normal temp of the oil in constant 120 degrees C
speed drive generator ?

64. what is the rise temp of a constant speed difference between in and
drive and what is the difference? out of the oil and difference
between 20 degrees C

65. what is the oil temp for a constant speed drive 185 degrees C
fault?

66. what percent under the idle speed is the con- 5%

stant speed disconnected?

67. how is constant speed drive disconnect and idle or above

what speed should it be disconnected at? manually by the pilot

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68. what are the 4 main parts to a constant speed clutch
drive disconnect system? worm and gear
solenoid
reset mechanism

69. how do you know an idg has been discon- IDG disconnect
nect? Volts and frequency reduc-
tion

70. what is the disconnect push button for the 3 seconds in 60 seconds
constant speed drive restriction?

71. what are the functions of a GCU? switching

protection
regulation

72. what powers the GCU? the permanent magnet in

the generator

73. what regulation functions does the GCU pro- Frequency at the generator
vide? from IDG (permanant mag-
nets)
Voltage at the ac bus (115v
at bus but 120V at the gen)

74. what is real load of a generator? Frequency

75. what is the apparent load? total ac load

76. what is reactive load? depending on the voltage

of the generator

77. what voltage difference could the GCU be if 320v

the phase is 180 degrees out of phase?

78. what is dead bus (generator)? no power on bus till at

full speed then auto switch-
es to a live bus(frequen-
cy voltage and phase are
checked)
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79. what are the gcu protection generation fail- Over v

ures? Under V
Under freq
Over freq
Under speed

80. what are the gcu protection distribution fail- Over load
ures? Open phase
differential protection

81. what is over voltage? exceeding 130V

82. what is over frequency? exceeds 430hz auto trip 1

second

83. what is Undervoltage? less than 100V auto trip

5second

84. what is under frequency? below 370Hz auto trip 1

second

85. what is underspeed? generator drop below 90%

stops underfrequency and
undervoltage from tripping
GCU
also only trips power

86. what is overload? loads larger than 100%

load shedding
and stops undervoltage

87. What is open phase? One phase current isnt

available
GCU trips

88. what is differential protection? Detects short circuits

trips GCU

89. what is the parallel protection current differ- 50A

ential protection limit?
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90. what are the wiring of the TRU? One delta and two y wind-
ings

91. What input is a TRU input? 115Vac 3 phase

92. what are the voltage range of a TRU? 28Vdc standard (27-30v)

93. what are the max amps from a TRU? 200amp contiuous
1000Amp 1 second

94. what are the two pretections for a TRU? low current (under 2amps)
high temp (caused by over-
load or short circuit)

95. what is the voltage of a nicad battery? 1.5V charge 1V discharge

(24V)

96. what are the advantages of NICAD? less maintenance

better performance

97. how many cells does a nicad have? 20 cells

98. what is the minimum voltage of a nicad bat- 22v

tery?

99. what are the 2 charging methods?and voltage voltage charging- 28v slow
limits? trickle charge
current charging- 28V to
36V quick charge

100. what is the other use for the battery charger? to power the battery bus
(constant voltage charge)
in an emergency

101. what protection is for thermal runaway and bi metallic strip discon-
what temperature is it stopped at for a bat- nects power to battery
tery? charger at 60 degrees C

102.

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what are the two parameters of ground power correct voltage
available light to come on? correct frequency
correct phase

103. when ground power is applied what trips off Power source interlock
it when a generator online automatically?

104. what is the function of the ground service bus to power ground service
and what precautions are required? bus for vaccums and lights
on
no precautions are re-
quired as normal ac power
is not powered

105. what does boeing use for ground services? Battery by battery charger
for AC

106. what are the 5 main structural stresses? tension

compression
torsion
shear
bending

107. what are the 3 structural design philoso- fail safe

phies? damage tolerance
fatigue indexing

108. what is fail safe? Design characteristic if one

thing fails something else
will still protect it.

109. what is damage tolerance? damage is allowable but

made so it is visible

110. what are the two types of fusalage construc- truss type
tion? monocoque type

111. what is a truss structure? beams and web members

in triangles

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112. What is a monocoque fuselage? one that uses bulk-
heads, stringers (running
the length of the fuse-
lage), and formers (per-
pendicular to the stringers)
of various shapes/sizes to
support a stretched or
"stressed" skin

113. what are the advantages of semi-monocoque added strength between

fuselage? formers and bulkheads.
longerons and stringers

114. aircraft are made in sections what are the uk- manufacturers joint
joint numbers? usa-production break

115. what are the 3 reference points on the aircraft vertical

of the structure? horizontal
longitudinal

116. what are the body station and what is the from nose to tail
body station of the nose? BS 90

117. what are buttock lines and what is the 0 line? from centre line to left and
right of the body
centre of ac is 0

118. what are body water lines and where is 0 line? from floor to roof of fuse-
lage
0 is below ground

119. what are the normal bonding test not exceed? 0.003ohm

120. what are airbus structural zones? 100-lower fuselage

200-upper fuselage
300-epanage
400-engines
500-left wing
600-right wing

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700- undercarriage
800- doors

121. what is the nose number of an airbus aircraft? 2540mm

122. what are the second number of airbus zones? odd left and even right

123. what are the 2 types of lightening strike dam- direct damage- surface
age? burns (2 or more points)
indirect damage-damage
to electrical systems

124. what are the primary flying controls? aileron

roll spoiler
elevator
rudder

125. on a aircraft with inboard and outboard inboard

aileron which is used at high speed and why? to reduce effect with in-
crease of airflow

126. what are the lift devices? leading edge

flaps
speed brakes

127. what is the best flap type for best lift increase Fowler flap
95%?

128. what are flaperons used for? increase flap effective

area.
the ailerons droop

129. what assist with rudder movement and eleva- rudder- horn balance
tor movement with help from airflow? elevator- insert hinge
balance tab- less mechan-
ical force.

130. what are the 3 regions of transonic flight? subsonic

transonic
supersonic
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131. what do vortex generators do? increase drag as it reduces

flow separation

132. what is profile thickness? actual thickness/chord

length

133. what are the 2 types of profile of wing? subsonic profile

transonic profile

134. what advantages do the transonic profile weight reduced

wing? greater thickness (more
fuel capacity)

135. what happens at mach crit? (trim) Mach tuck nose down
(trimmed nose up)

136. what helps with mach tuck? elevator lock out (reduces
shock under rear stabiliser)

137. what are the two modes of a servo? control mode

damping mode

138. what are the config warnings? flaps not in take off range
stabilisers not in take off
range
spoilers not in take off
range

audio and warning atten-

tion getters

139. what is the angle of attack for max lift? 14 degrees

140. what prevents stall due to change in configu- alpha lock

ration in a climb?

141. what are the main information required for the attitude
electrical flight control system? airspeed
accelerations

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angle of attack
flight/ground status

142. what are the 3 laws of electrical flight control normal

system? alternative
direct

143. what are the limits of G for flight controls? 2.5g and -1g

144. what are the limits of roll for flight controls? 67 degrees (33 degrees
with no input)

145. who has priority of the flight control system? who ever press the button

146. when do direct law control? ailerons

spoilers
elevators

147. what is the warning in direct law? use manual pitch trim on
pfd

148. what are the fire detection sensors? bi-metallic switch

continuous loop- semi con-
ductor/pneumatic pressure
smoke detector- opti-
cal/ionized

149. what are the semi conductor loop brand Kidde

names? Graviner
Edison
Fenwel

150. what is the fire warning trigger? ohms 500ohms

151. what is the time delay between fault and fire? 15seconds

152. when will the fire light not be illuminated after if the fire is out
a fire?

153.
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what conditions are the fire detectors in an always dual continuous
engine? loop

154. what does the fire switch do? isolate everything to the
engine

155. what is the difference between apu and en- apu is self contained and
gine fire protection? auto shuts down
own fire bottle

156. where can a apu be shut down? cockpit control

nose leg

157. other than engines and apu where else are brakes
over heat detectors? hot air ducts

158. what are the classes of fire detection? Class A- no dectection or

extinguishing
Class B- Upper deck or
cargo comparment acces-
sible in flight fire detection
but no extinguishing
Class C-No accessible in-
flight, fire dectection and
extinguishing
Class D-small volume not
accessible fire detection
and extinguishing
Class E-Cargo compart-
ment Fire detection and no
extinguishing

159. what is the normal ohms of a fire loop? 1Mohm - 10Mohm

160. what are the max bend and minimum radius? 3.2mm bend
25.4mm minimum radius

161. what is the precaution with an ionization de- Radioactive material

tector?

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162. what is halon 1301 pressurised with ? nitrogen

163. how much explosive powder in a squib? and 400mg and class C
what class of explosive class?

164. when a fire bottle discharges from thermal 1700psi

expansion what colour disc is indicated and red disc
what pressure is the bottle?

165. what colour is the disc indicator if the fire amber disc
bottles have been manually discharged?

166. What does the flow limiter do on the fire bot- limit flow for 180mins to
tle? suppress fire

167. what are the uses of pnematics? wing anti ice

engine start
hydraulic reservoir
water reservoir
pressurisation and air con-
ditioning

168. what is the normal pressure used on the air- IP

craft?

169. when is High Pressure bleed air used? when engine at low speed

170. what is fan air used for? Bleed air cooling (200de-
grees)

171. what is the pressurisation of water reservoir 50PSI

and hydraulic reservoir?

172. what are size of air start trolley connections? 3inch

173. what are the functions of a bleed air valve? shut off valve
pressure regulation
check valve
over temp control
reverse flow

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174. what is the normal pressure of pneumatic? 45psi

175. what position would the cross feed valve be closed unless only one en-
in? gine available

176. what is the preload attitude set to for pres- 8000ft

sure?

177. what are the 4 uses of air conditioning? cool

heats
pressurise
ventilates

178. how often does the air recycle? every 3-5 mins

179. what temp does the pack deliver to the the lowest inputted temp
zones? figures

180. what sort of valves are mainly used on air butterfly type
con/pneumatic?

181. in the pack what is the main cooling heat secondary/main

exchanger?

182. what happens if you have a turbine runway turbine over speed, open
and what do you do have to do to the ram air ram air to slow the turbine
? (air con pack down

183. what is a fan in a ram air duct used for? used to suck in air on the
ground

184. what does the ozone converter do? convert 0 3 to 0 2(oxygen)

185. what decrease in temp does the primary drop 70 degrees

the air by?

186. what does the jet pump do? take water from the water
separater and put it on to
the heat exchangers to add
cooling

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187. how do you know ice is formed on the water differential pressure
separator of the lp air park?

188. what determines the flow for the pack? the amount of people on
the ac (on the controller)

189. what is the difference between the cockpit air cockpit air isn't recycled
and cargo air?

190. what is the temp demand from the pack deter- the lowest desired temp
mined by?

191. what are the three failure conditions of the pack controller failure- alt
pack? controller
compressor overheat-
pack valves reduce flow
bypass failure- ram air
doors open/anti ice valves
takes over

192. what are the sensors on the air ducts? over heat
over pressure

193. what are the four conditions on ventilation? non ventilated

ventilated
ventilated and heated
ventilated un heated

194. what is the rate of climb of the cabin pres- 500ft per min positive
sure? 300ft per min negative

195. what happens at 10000ft cabin altitude? crew alert and put crew on
oxygen mask

196. what happens at 14000ft cabin altitude? auto release of cabin oxy
masks

197. what happens at 15000ft cabin altitude? auto outflow valves closed

198.
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what is a safety precautions of cabin pres- in ward and outward safety
sure? valves
open at 8.5psi

199. what are the difference between internal and internal follows climb rate
external flight mode (pressurisation)? external goes to 8000ft re-
gardless of altitude for pas-
senger comfort

200. what happens on landing to the pressurisa- they switch between prima-
tion controllers? ry and standby(confirms
serviceability)

201. pressure test of an ac what is the differential 4psi

pressure?

202. what are the advantages of a nose landing early braking

gear? better visibility

203. what are body gear or centre gear used for? distribute the weight

204. what is the angle of steering? 80 degrees

205. what principle does the side strut use to pre- over centre
vent retraction on the ground?

206. what land would you get if you had to much hydraulic hard
nitrogen in a strut and too much hydraulic gas soft
fluid?

207. what takes the main bearing of the undercar- spherical bearing
riage?

208. what does the torsion link damper do? dampers nose wheel shim-
mey

209. what controls the speed of a hydraulic actua- flow speed

tor and what controls the amount of weight it pressure for weight
can move?

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210. what is the up-lock actuator for? to maintain the up-lock
locked

211. how do the upper and lower bearing work in Upper bearing-inner
the strut? aligned with outer
Upper bearing-outer
aligned with inner

212. what is a shortening mechanism? because engines are get-

ting bigger(need to reduce
length of gear on retrac-
tion)

213. what is the pressure relief of the truck posi- 4000psi

tioning actuator?

214. what speed does the nose wheel steering be- 60kts
come useless and the rudder used to turn?

215. what is the bscu? brake steering control unit

216. what prevents main wheel steering tyre castored truck beam
scrubbing? rotating truck beam
single axis

217. what does the safety valve in an undercar- prevents lower of gear at
riage system? high speeds

218. what are they tyre types? type 3-slow aircraft

type 7- passenger jet
type 8-fast jet

219. what temp can tyres get to? 110 degrees C

220. what is the build up of the rubber of a tyre? ply layering- radial

221. what are the types of hydroplaning? viscous (thin film layer)
dynamic (flooded runway)
reverted rubber hydroplan-

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ing (locked tyre causes
steam and melts tyre)

222. what pecentage of tyre is in contact with the 32%

floor at normal inflation?

223. What are small chevron cuts on a tyre formed grooved runway
from?

224. what speed is anti skid turn off? 10knots

225. how many pistons has a brake pack got? 7 pistons normal
7 pistons alternative

226. what are the advantages of carbon discs over lighter

steel? higher heat
less wear

227. what is the general idea of 1mm of wear for 23-30 landings
number of landing?

228. how is the parking brake applied? emergency/hydraulic accu-

mulator

229. what is the temp range of carbon brakes? 2500-3000 degrees c

230. what keeps the parking brake in a mechanical the pawl lock
system engaged?

231. what is the normal percentage of skid in an 10-15%

anti skid system?

232. what is touch down protection within the no brakes applied until
brake system? wow is triggered

233. what is the application of the brakes in auto 1 second (2-5seconds for a
braking? pilot)

234. what does a thermo couple do within a brake convert heat to dc voltage
pack?

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235. what is the rate of deceleration of the auto 3 metres per sec squared
brake system?

236. what functions are available in the alternative anti skid on

system of braking? auto braking off

237. what are the types of fuel and what are the Jet A1 - freeze 47 and flash
flash points and freezing point? 38
Jet A- freeze 40 and flash
38
Jet B- freeze 60 and flash
20
JP 5- freeze 65 and flash
48

238. what colour does the fuel look with water in cloudy/milky
it?

239. what are the ribs in the wings used for (fuel)? fuel movement damping

240. where are fuel boost pumps located and in the collector to prevent
why? having a dry pump

241. what are used for fuel panels to prevents knit aluminium gasket
sparks between panel?

242. what is the gauze for on fuel vent holes? flame arrestor

243. how many days does it take to over wing fill 2 days
a 747?

244. which the only method of refuelling with the automatic mode
cockpit control panel?

245. what are the power supplys for the fuel pan- apu, gpu, batt
el?

246. what prevents manifold bending? manifold drain valve

247. what do diffusers do fuel inlets?

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prevents damage and
stopsfuel foaming

248. how is fuel feed managed? fuel management comput-

er
different boost pumps
pressures

249. how many pipes are to the stab fuel? one

250. what tank is used when taxiing? centre

251. what are the pressures for defueling? pressure 25-50psi

suction 10-15psi

252. what are used to jettison the fuel to prevent a anti-corona nozzles
mist?

253. what happens to a chemical reaction oxygen Black/brown discoloured

system to indicate its been used? and indicator

254. what is difference between aviators breathing very dry

oxygen?

255. what is oxygen stored at? 1850psi

3200 ltrs

256. what pressure does the over pressure blow 2600psi

at?

257. what colour are the oxygen bottles? dark green

258. what is the minimum value of a oxygen bottle 50 psi

so it can be filled?

259. what door is the dolls on and what is it for? it shows flow
left door

260. how long does the cabin oxygen last?

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12-15mins (aircraft to get
to breathable altitude with-
in 10mins)

261. what are the 3 modes of the oxygen regula- normal-mix of oxy and cab-
tor? in air
100% oxy
emergency forced air

262. what pressure and volume are the portable 1800psi

oxygen walk round bottles? 310ltrs

263. what does ice effect? reduced lift

increase weight
increase drag

264. how many anti ice switches?leading edge/en- one for leading edge
gines individual per engine

265. when do drain mast get turned on for anti ice? as soon as power is on

266. how long can the anti ice system be turned 30secs
on, on the ground?

267. on the ground what % of power of the electric 50%

anti ice heat mats are used?

268. when must wipers not be used? below 250kts

not on a dry windscreen

269. what wattage does the window heaters work 2kW

at?

270. what are the two types of hydraulic systems? hydrostatic

hydrodynamic

271. what colour are mineral and synthetic hy- red -mineral
draulic fluid? violet-synthetic

272.
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what are the back rings made of in a hydraulic teflon back up ring (normal
system? o rings made of rubber)

273. what are the two types of functions of the o dynamic- on a moving part
rings? static-dont move

274. what is the name of the pumps used in hy- electric pump -demand
draulic systems? pump
engine driven pump

275. how bigger is the size of the reservoir com- 2-2.5 times
pared to the required amount of fluid for the
hydraulic system?

276. what is the main way of read quantity of hyd ECAS

fluid?

277. what is required before maint on a hydraulic depress accumulator

system? depress resivour

278. what is used to cope with high demands of priority valve

the a hydraulic system?

279. what doesn't rotational movement in a hy- swash plate

draulic pump?

280. what does header pressure prevent? cavitation (air explosion

from pump air)

281. what is on an air driven hydraulic pump? reduction speed gear box

282. what is the safety device for the rat made off? wood

283. what is a ptu in a hydraulic? transfer of power between

2 systems (no transfer of
fluid)

284. what is the measurement of a filter? micron

285. high temp in the pump

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 M13 part 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5sngh5
what does a high temp in the hydraulic return
lines indicate?

286. where is the heat exchanger of the hydraulic through the fuel tank
pump located?

287. what colour are hydraulic pipes? blue yellow and spots

288. where is the fluid sampling taking from? HP manifold

289. what is the bog pump power supply? high power 3 phase

290. what is the time for the infa red faucet(mixer 3-15seconds
tap)?

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