Detailed Lesson Plan

Science 10

I. Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students can:

a) Explain Newton’s Third laws of motion;
b) Appreciate the significance of Newton’s third law of motion in our daily life; and
c) Solve problems using Newton’s Law of Motion in context such as but not limited to ropes and
pulleys, design of mobile sculpture, transport of load on conveyor belts, force needed to move
stalled vehicles, determination of safe driving speed.

II. Learning Content

A) Subject Matter: “Newton’s Third Law of Motion”
B) References:
Giancoli, Douglas C. (2015). Physics principles with application. Lake Avenue United States
of America. Pearson Education Inc. pp 1-16
Salvador, Arnaldo P. (2016). Physics and Health. Ermita Manila. APD Educational
Pub.House.
C) Materials:
PowerPoint presentation
D) Skills
Critical Thinking, analyzing, attentive listening, and solving
E) Values
“Newton's third laws of motion are ubiquitous in everyday life. When you jump, your legs
apply a force to the ground, and the ground applies and equal and opposite reaction force that
propels you into the air. Engineers apply Newton's third law when designing rockets and
other projectile devices.”

III. Procedure

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

A. Preliminary Activity
-Will someone lead us a prayer? (one will lead a prayer)
-Good morning class! -Good morning too Sir!
-Kindly arrange your seat before you have -None Sir!
your seat.

B. Review
-Before we start our new lesson, can you -We have discussed about Newton’s second
please give us first a recap of what you laws of motion sir.
have learned last meeting?

Indeed true. So again, what is this -Law of acceleration sir!

Newton’s second laws of motion called?

Very good. Newton's second law states

that the acceleration of an object is
directly related to the net force and
inversely related to its mass. Acceleration
of an object depends on two things, force
and mass.

C. Motivation
 Now class I am going to group you into 3
groups and then we are going to play a
balloon race. The teacher will then
discuss the mechanic of the game to the
class.

D. Presentation
-when the air escapes from the balloon the
-So what did you understand from the
escaping air exerts force on the balloon
activity?
which propels it forward sir.
-Exactly. Newton’s describes this effect in
his third law of motion
E. Lesson Proper - Whenever one object exerts a force on a
-Today, we are going to discuss about Newton’s second object, the second object exerts an
third laws of motion, so what is all about equal and opposite directions on the first sir!
Newton’s third laws of motion?

-The same force in each case sir!

-Exactly. Take note that this law is sometimes
paraphrased as “to every action there is an equal
and opposite reaction.” This is perfectly valid.
But to avoid confusion, it is very important to
remember that the “action” force and the
“reaction” force are acting on different objects.
Now, let’s take a look at this picture. In the top
picture (below), Kent Budgett is pulling upon a
rope that is attached to a wall. In the bottom
picture, Kent is pulling upon a rope that is
attached to an elephant. In each case, the force
scale reads 500 Newton. Kent is pulling what?

-Kent is pulling with 500 N of force in each

case. The rope transmits the force from Kent
-Okay very god. to the wall (or to the elephant) and vice
So why is versa.
that Kent is pulling the same force in each case?

-Exactly. In addition to that, since the force of

Kent pulling on the wall and the wall pulling on
Kent are action-reaction force pairs, they must
have equal magnitudes. Inanimate objects such as
walls can push and pull. Another example. Based
on the picture shown.

-The acceleration of the recoiling rifle is

smaller than the acceleration of the bullet sir.

-Many people are

familiar with the fact that a
rifle recoils when fired. This recoil is the result of
action-reaction force pairs. A gunpowder
explosion creates hot gases that expand outward
allowing the rifle to push forward on the bullet.
Consistent with Newton's third law of motion, the -The force on the rifle equals the force on the
bullet pushes backwards upon the rifle. The bullet. Yet, acceleration depends on both
acceleration of the recoiling rifle is ...? force and mass. The bullet has a greater
acceleration due to the fact that it has a
-Very good. Why the acceleration of the recoiling smaller mass. Remember: acceleration and
rifle is smaller than the reaction of the bullet why mass is inversely proportional sir.
it’s not greater than the acceleration of the bullet?

-Exactly. Now, Let’s proceed on solving

problems with Newton’s laws; free diagram.
Newton’s second law tells us that the acceleration
of an object is proportional to the net force acting
on the object. I prepared a sample problem here.

-First example: Calculate the acceleration of the

objects
a=?

μk =0. 4

-since acceleration is unknown, we are going to

compute on the acceleration of the objects.

m2 g−μ k m1 g
a=
m1 +m2
2 2
35 kg(9.8 m / s )−(0.4)(15 kg)(9.8 m/ s )
a=
15 kg+35 kg

343 N −58.8 N
a=
50 kg
2
284.2kg ∙ m/s
a=
50 kg
2
a=5.684 m/s

Sample problem: Calculate the sum of the two

forces exerted on the boat by workers A and B in
the figure below.

-We add the forces using the method of

components sir.
-So we add force vectors like any other vectors.
The two force vectors are shown resolved into
components. What is the next step we are going
to do?

-Very good. Now, take note that if you are going

to illustrate the figure in Cartesian plane, vector
B will fall in quadrant 4, so therefore, the Y
component is negative.

F ax =F a cos θ F ax =40 N cos 45 F ax =28.3 N

F bx=F b cos θ F bx=30 N cos 37 F bx =28.3 N
R x =52.2434 N

Components of Y:
F ay =Fa sin θ F ay=40 N sin 45 F ay =28.3 N
F by =−Fb sin θ Fby =30 N sin 37 Fby =−18.0545 N
R y =10.2298 N

Next step is that, to find the magnitude of the -Yes, sir.

resultant force, we use the Pythagorean theorem
-(The students will solve on the board)
F r= √ Rx + Ry
2 2

F r= √( 52.2434)2+¿ ¿
F r=53.2355 N

-The only remaining question is the angle θ that

the net force ⃗
F R makes with the x-axis.

We use:
10.2298
Ry −¿ θ=11.079 ° N of E .¿
−¿ θ=tan 52.2434 ¿
Rx
θ=tan

-Did you understand class?

-Okay for the last example. Let’s have a board

work. Calculate the net force and the direction of
the object in the illustration below. (The teacher
will double check if they arrived at the exact -None sir.
solution to the problem given by the teacher)
 60N

50°
25°

70N

-Do you have any clarifications?

F. Generalization
-In Newton’s third law of motion (the law of
action and reaction). Wherever one object exerts
a force on a second object, the second object
exerts an equal and opposite force on the first.

G. Application
-Will objects move if there is no force exerted on
them?

- An object with no net forces acting on it which

is initially at rest will remain at rest. If it is
moving, it will continue to move in a straight line
with constant velocity. Forces are "pushes" or
"pulls" on the object, and forces, like velocity and
acceleration are vector quantities.

IV. Evaluation

Problem Solving: Calculate the mass of the object and encircle your final answer. (5points)

m=?
1. a=5.25m/s2

70kg

V. Assignment:
1. What causes an accelerate or decelerate?