SUBJUNCTIVE

Subjunctive digunakan untuk menyatakan harapan yang tidak dapat

terpenuhi.

1. Wish
1.1. Future wish

Subject + wish + (that) + subject + could/would + V1 ...

Subject : wish + (that) + subject + were + V-ing

Contoh :
I wish that you would stop saying that.
(You probably will not stop)
Saya berharap kamu akan berhenti mengatakan itu. Pada
kenyataannya, kamu tidak akan berhenti.

1.2. Present wish

Subject + wish + (that) + subjek + simple past tense ...

Contoh :
I wish I had enough time to finish this report.
(I don’t have enough time)
University-student wishes that she did not have to go to class
today.
(she has to go to class today)

1.3. Past wish

Subject + wish + (that) + subject + past perfect
Subject + wish + (that) + subject + could have + V3

Contoh :
I wish that my maid had washed my clothes two days ago.
(my maid did not wash my clothes)
 That bride wishes that his enemy could have come to that party.
(his enemy could not come to that party)

2. As if/as though

Subject + verb (s/es) + as if/as though + subject + simple past tense

Contoh :
That person acts as if he were rich. (he is not rich)
Subject + V2 + as if/as though + subject + past perfect tense

Contoh :
That student looked as though he had run twenty miles. (he did not run
twenty miles)

3. Would rather
3.1. Present

Subject1 + would rather (that) + subject2 + V1

Contoh :
I would rather (that) you accompany me to the hospital
tomorrow.
3.2. Present (bertolak belakang dengan kenyataan)

Subject1 + would rather (that) + subject2 + simple past tense

Contoh :
Lee would rather (that) it were winter now.
(It is not winter now)
3.3. Past (bertolak belakang dnegan kenyataan)
Subject1 + would rather (that) + subject2 + past perfect tense
 Contoh:
Lee would rather that Ann had gone to class yesterday.
(Lee did not go to class yesterday)
Sementara ketika kalimat tersebut negatif, menjadi :
• Lee would rather not go to class tomorrow.
• Lee would rather not have gone to class tomorrow.
• Lee would rather that you not call me tomorrow.

4. If only
4.1. Present

If only + subject + past simple tense

Contoh : if only she came. (seandainya dia datang)

4.2. Past
If only + subject + past perfect

Contoh : if only that guest had not been in my house last night.
(seandainya tamu itu sudah tidak ada di rumah saya kemarin
malam)

Contoh soal :

1. Adam wishes he ... to Ikranegara’s play on the 30th of Novemer last

year.
a. Had gone
b. Went
c. Has gone
d. Were going

Jawaban : A
 past wish karena terdapat kata last year. Sehingga membutuhkan
had + V3.

2. Efi was shocked as though ...

a. She saw aghost
b. She has seen a ghost
c. She had seen a ghost
d. She was seeing a ghost

Jawaban : C

was shocked menunjukan kegiatan di masa lampau maka as though

diikuti oleh had + verb 3

3. I would rather they ... their obligations right now.

a. Pays
b. Has paying
c. Paid
d. Pay

Jawaban : D

terdapat dua subjek dan keterangan waktunya present. Maka setelah

they dibutuhkan verb 1.

4. Fuad : why did not you come to Toha’s party?

Dita : I wish I ...
a. Was invited
b. Have been invited
 c. Had been invited
d. Were invited

Jawaban : C

kalimat pertama merupakan kalimat lampau. Maka gunakan rumus

past wish.

5. Last night, a boy screamed and ran as if he ... a ghost.

a. Saw
b. Has seem
c. Had seen
d. Was seeing

Jawaban : C

keterangan waktu menunjukkan waktu lampau maka setelah as if

diikuti oleh had + verb 3.