Workbook Hele 4

LESSON 1
TOPIC: IDENTIFYING THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ENTREPRENEUR

AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Entrepreneurship – a way of exchanging products or services.

– the task of managing a business to improve the life of an
individual.
Entrepreneur –a person who plans, organizes, manages, supervises, and
performs the functions of an owner who is directly related to the risks and
uncertainties of a business or an enterprise for the purpose of having an income
or profit.
Technology - plays a big part in the people’s lives in the modern-way world.
Principles of Entrepreneurship:
1. If there’s a will, there’s a way. Anything is possible to a person who has
the will and determination to reach his or her goals. Your passion to
start a business is one of the essential factors to stay I the business.
2. You need to consider the place or location where you want your
business to be established. Choose a location that is convenient for
customers to go to. It must be strategically planned.
3. Interest or passion in the business is not enough to keep the business
going. You still need to have the knowledge and skills in the business.
4. Your financial status must be stable enough to grow and sustain your
business.
5. The backbone of a business depends on its people and its workforce.
Having the right people for the position makes the business more
productive and competitive.
6. “High risk, high return policy” is a policy that means the higher the
risk, the higher the chances of benefits you may get. If you will settle for
anything less, expect the same level of investment returns.
Entrepreneurship brings many benefits to one’s country. It makes the

economy grow progressively, since it provides employment for the people. It also
increases the supply of the products or service, which helps sustain the demands
of the consumers.
Qualities of a Successful Entrepreneur
1. Disciplined 6. Creative
2. Confidence 7. Determined
3. Open Minded 8. Strong people skills
4. Self-Starter 9. Strong work Ethic
5. Competitive 10. Passionate
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Qualities of an Entrepreneur
1. Confident and enthusiastic

2. Creative imaginative and vision-oriented
3. Motivated and determined
4. Willing to build networks
5. Willing to take responsibility, and take calculated risks
6. Perseverance
LIST OF LINKS
Title: Entrepreneur vs. Entrepreneurship

Link: https://youtu.be/7OSe7UuYoao
Title: Qualities of a successful entrepreneur

Link: https://youtu.be/k6VxDTcYeJ4
Title: Qualities of an Entrepreneur

Link: https://youtu.be/s6cPmBSL-OQ
Title: Cha-Ching: Entrepreneur

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rfVIIUj89pY
Title: Top 20 Best Small Business Ideas for Beginners in 2020

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G0dzLanYW1E
2
MIRACULOUS MEDAL CHILD DEVELOPMENT ACADEMY
Maslog, Tabogon, Cebu Contact Number: 0923-545-8006
Email Address: mmcdacademy2015@gmail.com
Government Recognition No.:
PRE-ELEM: 44 S. 2020; ELEMENTARY: 45 S. 2020;
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 1
Name: Gr. & Sec. Date:

Parent’s Signature: Score:
A. Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. What do you call to a person who plans, organizes, manages, supervises
and performs the functions of an owner?
a. entrepreneur b. entrepreneurship c. service
2. When do people trade food, metals, fabrics and animals?
a. New generation b. modern-way world c. before the colonization
3. What is the oldest newspaper in the Philippines?
a. Manila Bulletin b. Sun Star c. Banat News
4. What do you call the task of managing a business to improve the life of an
individual?
a. selling b. Entrepreneurship c. service
5. What plays a big part in the people’s lives in the modern-way world?
a. technology b. entrepreneurship c. business
B. Directions: (FILL THE GAP) complete the statement and write your answer
on the space provided.
1. The _ must be strategically planned and convenient for

customers to go.
2. Anything is possible to a person who has the _ to reach
his or her goals.
3. If you settle for anything less, expect the same level of investment returns.
The higher the _, the higher the chances of benefits you
may get.
4. The status must be stable enough to grow and sustain
a business.
5. The backbone of a business depends on its people and its -
.
3
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
ASSIGNMENT 1

Give two (2) businesses that you have in your community and list at least
five (5) products or services they offer. Fill out the table below.
Name of the Business Products or Services
1.
2.
4
LESSON 2
TOPIC: RECOGNIZING THE SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEUR
FAMOUS ENTREPRENEURS
1. Henry Sy
He was born in 1942. He helped his father run their small business but
during World War II, they lost their business due to a huge fire. He is the
founder of SM Group of Companies. In 1958, he started his own shoe
business in Quiapo, Manila. His business grew so fast that he was able to
establish a small store in the same venue. He named his business
Shoemart or SM.
2. Tony Tan Caktiong
He was born in 1953 in Manila and was raised by a simple family culture
and lifestyle. He graduated with a bachelor’s degree in Chemical
Engineering. He started selling ice cream in 1975, and then later, added
spaghetti, hamburger, and French fries in his business. He established his
own food store on 1978, which was named as “Jollibee”. His business is
considered as the biggest and widest fast-food chain in the Philippines,
which has 900 outlets or branches worldwide.
3. John Gokongwei Jr.
He was born in 1926. He was already practicing his skill in shoemaking at
the age of 17. He started his business by selling rice and minerals. He
establish the Universal Robina Corporation which was known as the best
food selling industries during that time.
4. Socorro Ramos
She was born in 1923. She and her sibling used to work in a packaging
factory of bubble gum and cigarette during summer breaks. She started
working in a bookstore owned by her sibling. She funded her first ever
bookstore called the “National Bookstore”.
5. Bill Gates
He was born in 1955. At the age of 20, he co-founded the Microsoft
BASIC. He developed a minicomputer, which people used for their
personal task, such as documentation, presentation, computation and
entertainment. In 1985, he also develop a software which is now called as
the Microsoft Windows operating system.
6. Sergey Brin and Larry Page
Both of them are computer scientists and have crossed their way while
studying and finishing their master’s degree in the same university. Their
creation of Google started as a school project in 1998. Recently, Google
has been recognized as the most well-known and the biggest search
engine around the world.
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7. Mark Elliot Zuckerberg
He was born in 1984. He was one of the co-founders of Facebook which
was launched in 2004. Facebook’s primary goal is for people to stay
connected with their friends and relatives who live far from each other.
Different Business Opportunities
Buy and sell business is the most common business, because it
circulates the production and equal distribution of goods or products in
the Philippines. Retail merchandising refers to the procedures in selling
goods directly to the customers through small amounts or quantities.
Kinds of Retail Stores:
1. Convenience Store offers items that are daily needed by the people.
Sells items that sustains the daily needs of customers such as detergent
soaps, shampoos, rice, candies, soft drinks and the like.
2. Department Store offers different kinds of items or goods distributed in
different parts, corners, or sections of the store. The store has different
sections such as ladies’ section, men’s section, and children’s section. It
has several counter areas, where the customers pay the bills.
3. Grocery Store usually retails food items. The owner of the grocery store
is called the grocer. A large grocery store is called a supermarket.
4. Drugstore sells medicine and other health products. It must have an
approval to operate from FDA. Some drugstore nowadays also offer other
items such as food, soap and other consumable products.
5. Bookstore sells books and other reading materials. They also offer other
items such as school and office supplies.
6. Fruit stand is very common in market places. It sells different kinds of
fruits and usually in retail.
7. Hardware store sells materials used for the construction of buildings,
houses, and furniture. Majority of the hardware stores offer deliveries of
supplies for the convenience of the customers.
LIST OF LINKS
Title: Cha-Ching: Entrepreneur
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rfVIIUj89pY
Title: Top 20 Best Small Business Ideas for Beginners in 2020

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G0dzLanYW1E
6
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 2

1. Who develop a software which is now called as the Microsoft Windows

operating system?
a. Bill Gates b. Mark Elliot Zuckerberg c. Henry Sy
2. Whois one of the co-founders of Facebook which was launched in 2004.
a. Bill Gates b. Henry Sy c.Mark Elliot Zuckerberg

3. Who helped his father run their small business but during World War II,
they lost their business due to a huge fire?
a. Henry Sy b.Bill Gates c.Mark Elliot Zuckerberg
4. Who work in a packaging factory of bubble gum and cigarette during

summer breaks?
a. Henry Sy b.Socorro Ramos c. Bill Gates
5. Who started selling ice cream in 1975, and then later, added spaghetti,
hamburger, and French fries in his business?
a.Tony Tan Caktiong b.Henry Sy c. Mark Elliot Zuckerberg
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B. Directions: Identify what Business opportunity is being described in each
item. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. It offers different kinds of items or goods distributed in different parts,
corners, or sections of the store.
a. Department Store b. Drugstore
2. It sells materials used for the construction of buildings, houses, and
furniture.
a. Bookstore b. Hardware store
3. It must have an approval to operate from FDA.
a. Hardware store b. Drugstore
4. It has different sections such as ladies’ section, men’s section, and
children’s section.
a. Department Store b. Drugstore
5. It sells items that sustains the daily needs of customers such as detergent
soaps, shampoos, rice, candies, soft drinks and the like.
a. Convenience Store b. Fruit stand
ASSIGNMENT 2

Parent’s Signature: _ Score:
Directions: Draw the Famous Entrepreneur that inspired you and summarize
his/her life story.
Criteria for rating:
Content: 8 points Creativity: 4 points Originality: 8 points Total: 20 points
8
LESSON 3
TOPIC: INTEGRATING MATH IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Mark up in Percentage
Capital- the amount of money invested or required to be invested in an
enterprise
Mark up price - an amount added to the cost price or capital to determine the
selling price
Selling price - the price for which something actually sells
Example:
Lea’s capital price in embutido is Php 400.00. She decided to add a 25% mark-
up price in her product. To know the selling price, do the following:
1. Convert 25% into decimals. Divide 25 by 100 to get the answer.

Solution: 25 ÷ 100 = 0.25
2. Multiply the capital cost and the mark up percentage to get the mark up
price.
Solution: Mark up price = Php 400.00 × 0.25 = Php 100.00
3. Add the capital cost and the mark up price to get the selling price.
Solution: Selling price = Php 400.00 + Php 100 = Php 500.00
Item Capital Price Mark up Selling Price

Price(25%)
Embutido Php 400.00 Php 100.00 Php 500.00
AGENCIES INVOLVED IN PLANNING A BUSINESS:

BangkoSentralngPilipinas (BSP) is involved when the business is related to
lending or pawnshops.
Department of Tourism (DOT) is involved when the business is related to
travel agencies and tour operators.
Department of Education (DepEd) is involved when the business has
something to do with schools, tutorials, or learning centers.
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) is involved
when the business operates logging for handicrafts of furniture.
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Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) is involved when most or all
the workforce is below the legal age.
Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) is responsible for registering the
name of the business.
Social Security System (SSS) is a government agency that requires the
business to register if it consists of more than five employees.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for any food marketing
operating service in the community.
Barangay Hall is an office for requesting a permit in selling goods and services.
10
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 3

A. Directions: Find the Selling Price of the following and encircle the letter of
the correct answer. Show your solutions.
1. Capital Price: Php 100.00 Mark up Percentage: (20%) Selling Price: Php?
a. 120 b. 112 c. 102
SOLUTION:
2. Capital Price: Php250.00 Mark up Percentage: (10%) Selling Price: Php ?

a. 257 b.275 c. 527
SOLUTION:
3. Capital Price: Php500.00 Mark up Percentage: (50%) Selling Price: Php ?

a. 575 b. 755 c.750
SOLUTION:
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B. Directions: Identify what agency is being described in each item. Encircle
the letter of the correct answer.
1. It is involved when the business is related to travel agencies and tour
operators.
a. DOT b. DENR
2. It is responsible for registering the name of the business.

a. DepEd b.DTI
3. It is responsible for any food marketing operating service in the

community.
a. BSP b. FDA
4. It is a government agency that requires the business to register if it

consists of more than five employees.
a. SSS b. DOLE
5. It is involved when most or all the workforce is below the legal age.
a. DOLE b. DOT
ASSIGNMENT 3

Directions: Draw a logo of the agency you think very important in establishing
a business.
12
LESSON 4
TOPIC: CLASSIFYING PRINTED ADVERTISEMENTS
Printed Media Advertisements:
Newspaper. It is the most common media that can be used to advertise

products to the public. It includes clustered information, such as national news,
international news, sports section, job employment section, and the like. It also
includes text, pictures, editorials, and figures that are related to the content
written by different persons.
Magazine. This covers a particular topic, theme, issue, or interest like fashion,
health, beauty, and gadgets for men or women or both. It has a cover page that
features a model and list the titles of several articles that can be found inside the
magazine
Pamphlet. This is a small informative piece of paper, usually half the size of an
ordinary paper. Some pamphlets are foldable inform and are usually a one sheet,
back to back paper. The information written is concise, because it indicates the
most important information with few illustrations and pictures. This are handed
out to passers-by along streets, inside malls, and through campaign visits.
Invitation card. This is a privilege card given by the company’s customers.

These loyal customers have already choosing their preferred shops where they
will buy their needed product or services.
Menu. This contains a list of all products and or services with their
corresponding prices. It allows customers to see the overview of the business
offerings. This is not only applicable in food establishments but also and other
businesses such as salons, lending shops, and medical dental clinics.
Tarpaulin. This is one of the most expensive investments in promoting

products or services because its price depends on its size and quality.
Banner. This looks like a tarpaulin. However banners are softer and cheaper by
nature. Some politicians use this material during their campaigns, aside from
pump let's. It is also used for fiestas and festivals.
Stickers. These are printed and distributed to highlight and promote the
business products or services. Stickers can be handed over to the people or
guests during special events. This contain information about the products or
service or the business logo only. This can also be attached in different objects
such as the back of the customer's car.
Postcard. This is a traditional printed media that promote a place, landmark,

people, tradition, and culture.
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Calendar. This is usually given and distributed before or during the first week
or month of the year. It is a good investment and a good printed advertisement
because it can promote the business and to remind the customers of the
products and can be used for a long period of time.
Billboards. These are strategically placed in establishments such as buildings,

malls, airports, trains and other visit town centers.
Logo. It is an image or a graphic more used by many organizations, groups,

companies, enterprises, business, and even individuals to promote products or
services to the public.
Famous logos and their meanings:
FedEx. It has a white arrow between the letters E and X. These arrow signifies
the speed of delivery and accuracy of services that the company is offering to
the public.
Pinterest. A website that allows the user to ping significant websites on his or
her account. The first letter on the logo (P) represents the "pin".
Toblerone. One of the most famous chocolate brands in the world. It comes
from the city of Bern Switzerland which is also known as the City of Bears this is
the reason why there is a bear in its mountain logo.
Gillette. A razor that is useful to men. People are buying it because of the
blades sharpness and precision. Notice the sharpness of the edges or the
diagonal slice of letters G and I. It forms the blade of the product.
VAIO. One of the products featured by Sony the letters V and A in the logo
represent analog signs, well the letters I and O represent digital science which
are 1 and 0. These two numbers are significant in the number system. The idea
of circuits on the motherboard originated from this numbers.
Volkswagen. Explains a very obvious definition of the product. The letter V

stands for Volks which means people, and the letter W stands for wagon which
deals with cars. The logo simply means the people's car.
IBM. Always makes sure that they are offering equality in all of their products
and services. Notice that the letters in their logo are composed of horizontal lines
of equal distances that represent the equal sign.
Adidas. Known for producing durable products. The three slanted stripes in the
logo represent a mountain, which symbolizes obstacles that people need to
overcome and conquer.
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Toyota. Composed of three ellipses. The three ellipses symbolizes 3 hearts. The
heart of the customers who are very dear to the company, the heart of their
products, and the heart of progress, most especially in the field of technology.
Amazon.com. An online website. Notice that there is a smiling face below the
text amazon. It symbolizes happiness which has something to do with the
websites mission. The arrow pointed from letter A to Z explains that the website
contains a lot of items ranging from a to z.
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JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 4

1. What printed media contains a list of all products and or services with
their corresponding prices?
a. Menu b. billboard c. calendar
2. What traditional printed media promotes a place, landmark, people,

tradition, and culture?
a. newspaper b. postcard c. menu
3. What printed media is usually given and distributed before or during the
first week or month of the year?
a. magazine b.pamphlet c. calendar
4. What do you call the small informative piece of paper, usually half the size
of an ordinary paper?
a.stickers b.pamphlet c. banner
5. What is the most common printed media that can be used to advertise
products to the public?
a. banner b. stickers c. newspaper
B. Directions: Identify what logo is being described in each item. Encircle the
letter of the correct answer.
1. It has a logo that simply means the people's car.

a. Volkswagen b. IBM
2. It has an arrow pointed from letter A to Z explains that the website

contains a lot of items ranging from a to z.
a.Toblerone b. Amazon.com
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3. Its logo has three ellipses that symbolizes three hearts.
a. Toyota b.Gillete
4. Its letters in the logo are composed of horizontal lines of equal distances
that represent the equal sign.
a. FedEx b. IBM
5. Its logo has three slanted stripes that represent a mountain, which
symbolizes obstacles that people need to overcome and conquer.
a. Adidas b. VAIO
ASSIGNMENT 4

Directions: Create your own logo and write the special meaning of its content.
17
LESSON 5
TOPIC: RECOGNIZING THE DIFFERENT GUIDELINES IN USING A
COMPUTER RESPONSIBLY
Computer – an electronic device designed to manipulate data and to gather,

store, connect, or process meaningful and useful information.
Three major components:
1. Hardware- tangible or physical part of the computer, which can be perceived

by the human senses. It is classified as input, process, output, and storage
devices.
2. Software- intangible or commonly known as a program installed in the
computer, which can also be categorize an application, operating system, or
utility software.
3. Peopleware- the people who use the computer or develop the
computer software and hardware systems.
Features of a computer:
Speed. Unlike other machines a computer is able to multitask and can

accomplish a task in just a second.
Accurate. It can provide an exact, correct, and concise output if the
command is properly executed.
Endurance. Unlike humans, a computer never gets tired and exhausted unless
the hardware malfunctions. It can last 24/7 or more with no definite time to shut
down.
Self-operating. It does not need to be monitored, supervise, or intervened. If
it is commanded properly, the computer can do and accomplish anything on its
Store and recall information. There are internal and external devices that
can be used to store data. These devices can stored data based on their storage
sizes and capabilities.
Importance of a Computer, Internet, and E-mail

Education. The lessons can be very interesting and lively for the pupils with the aid of
video clips, slide presentations, and other computer aided software or application
games. Teachers can easily compute the grades of their pupils through the use of MS
excel they can also make surveys, documents, and projects using the different
productivity tools.
Medicine. Analysing the sickness of a person is easier with the use of an x-ray
machine, computerized tomography (CT) scan, and ultrasound. Doctors can
make their diagnosis accurate through the use of these machines.
Business. Mass production of breads, pastries, school supplies, furniture, and
cosmetics can be done with the use of machines.
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News and entertainment. Latest trends and updates as regards to
government issues, fashion trends, medicine, education, and public awareness
such as television, radio, and personal computer.
Important guidelines in using computer and internet the following are

the things that can be considered in using the computer and internet
1. Know your purpose before using the computer. This will help you save
energy, time, and effort.
2. Check if all the external chords are connected to the front and back panel of
the system unit, such as the cable connector of keyboard, mouse, monitor,
speaker, automatic voltage regulator, printer, and local area network (LAN).
3. Listen to the sound of the motherboard. Do not turn on the system unit if the
motherboard produces an unusual sound.
4. Use the computer once the welcome screen appears on the screen.
5. Identify the web browser that you would like to use. Examples are Google
Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Internet Explorer among others.
6. Think carefully before receiving, opening, or sharing files, using social media
sites. This may affect the privacy or security of your files.
7. You may record or save the history of important websites that you have
visited for future use.
8. If you are in a computer shop, you may use incognito windows to secure the
history of sites you have visited. The shortcut key for incognito windows
is Control + Shift + N.
LIST OF LINKS
Title: Components of Computer System

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3odQYAJJeMM
Title: Life Before And After The Compute

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-oLIt4whDbg
19
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 5

1. It is intangible or commonly known as a program installed in the computer,

which can also be categorize an application, operating system, or utility software.
a. Software b. Peopleware c. Hardware
2. It refers to the people who use the computer or develop the computer software
and hardware systems.
a. Software b.Hardware c. Peopleware
3. It is a feature of a computer that provide an exact, correct, and concise output

if the command is properly executed.
a. endurance b. accurate c. self-operating
4. It is a feature of a computer that able to multitask and can accomplish a task

in just a second.
a. endurance b. speed c. accurate
5. It is a feature of a computer to do and accomplish anything on its own.

a. self-operating b.speed c. accurate
B. Directions: Identify what is being described in each item. Write T for true
and F for false.
1. You may record or save the history of important websites that you have
visited for future use.
2. Think carefully before receiving, opening, or sharing files, using social
media sites.
3. The shortcut key for incognito windows is Control + Shift + N.
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4. You can use any web browser that you would like to.
5. Opening and using social media sites may affect the privacy or security
of your files.
ASSIGNMENT 5

Essay:
Why is it important to follow the Guidelines in Using a Computer? Express
your ideas in five sentences.
Criteria for grading:
Content: 6 points Neatness: 4 points Total: 10 points
21
LESSON 6
TOPIC: RECOGNIZING THE DIFFERENT MALWARE IN COMPUTER AND
DEMONSTRATE PROPER DECORUM
A malware is defined as a malicious software, which can serve as a bridge to

hack the private information of the computer owner and to corrupt his or
her files. The malware can be obtained through external factors, such as opening
suspicious websites; using infected storage devices like flash drive and memory
card; or even accepting, opening, and receiving suspicious messages from your
email account.
Various types of malwares:

1. A computer virus sometimes hide itself at a file, and one that is installed in
your system, it may corrupt the structure and make ambiguity in executing a
task. One of the best examples is the "i love you" virus.
2. Worm is a type of virus with a primary goal to infect and pass by the other
network through a LAN.
3. Spyware can cause the hard drive and the random access memory (RAM) to
malfunction. Unlike Worm and Computer Virus, spyware does not duplicate or
replicate itself. However, it is programmed to spy the personal information of the
user, such as documents, videos and other important data stored in a computer.
4. Adware is an unwanted pop-up advertisement that appears on a website.
5.Trojan horse portrays itself as a file that can be downloaded from the
internet. Once it opens, it triggers all the hidden viruses and can cause a very
serious damage in the operating system and application software.
6. Spam uses the address book in the e-mail account of the user to send
messages or transact accounts in behalf of the user.
Netiquette
Responsible use of technology does not only focus in taking care of you
passwords, files, and accounts, but also in your behaviour while navigating the
world of technology. Netiquette is derived from the words net and etiquette,
which demonstrates the proper decorum in using the computer or the internet.
In a computer shop, computer users tend to speak loud, shout, say bad words,
and do harmful things unintentionally due to their intense emotions, particularly
while playing a computer game as a group. In a computer laboratory, computer
uses cooperate well in class. They are also well disciplined and respectful. Rules
are established so that there will be an order. Users in a computer shop have
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less rules to follow and no immediate adult to supervise them compared to
computer laboratory users.
Cases of poor netiquette:

1. Cyberbullying pertains to the use of social media or other networking
sites to mistreat, intimidate, harass, slander, degrade, and complicate other
people for personal intentions.
2.Hacking, by nature, is not considered as a crime. There are three different
kinds of
hackers.
a.Black hackers are those who find hacking as a dirty business that would
inflict other’s privacy for the sake of money. They are meant to harm the files,
computer, or integrity of a person depending on the veracity of their goals.
a. White hackers are professional hackers usually hired by companies in
order to crack the files for qualified and analytical purposes relative to the
contract and agreement given by the company.
b. Gray hackers have self-initiative to hack. They are not necessarily
affiliated with any company. They analyse, evaluate and identify the strengths
and weaknesses of a website or a software. They do not want to cause harm to
any business or software, but they violate the privacy of the website or software.
LIST OF LINKS
Title: Malware: Difference Between Computer Viruses, Worms and Trojans

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n8mbzU0X2nQ
Title: Netiquette
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_KM1eN6ZC3k
23
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 6

1. What do you call the unwanted pop-up advertisement that appears on a
website?
a. Adware b. Trojan horse c. Spam
2. What cause the hard drive and the random access memory (RAM) to
malfunction?
a. Worm b. Adware c. Spyware
3. What portrays itself as a file that can be downloaded from the internet?
a. Adware b. Trojan horse c. Worm
4. What malware uses the address book in the e-mail account of the user to
send messages or transact accounts in behalf of the user?
a. Adware b. Spam c. Worm
5.What type of virus with a primary goal to infect and pass by the other network
through a LAN.
a.Worm b. Trojan horse c. Spam
B. Directions: Identify what is being described in each item. Write T for true
and F for false.
1. Gray hackers are not necessarily affiliated with any company.
2. White hackers are not professional hackers hired by companies.
3. Netiquette is derived from the words net and etiquette.
4. Hacking by nature, is not considered as a crime.
5. Black hackers are those who find hacking as a dirty business.
24
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
ASSIGNMENT 6

Essay
1. What is netiquette?
2. Why is it important to have proper decorum in using the computer?

Express your ideas in five sentences.
25
LESSON 7
TOPIC: WORD PROCESSING TOOL AND SMARTART GRAPHIC
Word Processing Tool
Aside from making documents, reports, and letters, MS Word has different
tools that can be used in making a diagram to illustrate a procedure. A flowchart
consists of different shapes or symbols to represent a sequence of steps,
process, or procedure in a very organized, and formative, and concise manner.
In making and interpreting the flowchart, you should be able to familiarize
yourself with the different shapes and symbols and learn how to use each one
correctly. The following are some of the common symbols used in flowcharts.
1. Terminator symbol or oval shape is used to start the flowchart operation.

2. Input or output symbol or parallelogram shape is used to encode data for
input and display data for output.
3. Preparation symbol or hexagon shape is used to assign variables and
constant variables. This inform the program to note the different values, which
can be used in the system or procedure.
4. Process symbol or rectangle shape is used to show the flow of operation or
procedure.
5. Decision symbol or diamond shape is used to make conditions. It allows the
person to test the probability or possibility.
6. Arrows are used to show the flow of the steps or procedure.
Flowcharts are created to help the viewers understand the process

without reading a lengthy explanation of a certain process. These are commonly
used in business, education, medicine, and architecture, among others. For
instance, the process of work in a company can be clearly explain using a
flowchart.
SmartArt Graphic
One of the tools found in MS Word. It contains different layouts which you can
choose from. It is used to sum up or outline important ideas. If you want to
make a diagram, you can simply select your preferred layout from the list of
options. The different layout and SmartArt Graphic are the following:
1. List contains options such as basic block list, alternating hexagons, picture
caption list, lined list, vertical bullet list, vertical bracket list, tab list, picture
accent, pyramid list, architecture layout, and segmented process.
2. Process contains options such as basic process, interconnected block process,

basic chevron process, funnel, continuous arrow process, equation, and gear.
26
3. Cycle contains options such as text cycle, block cycle, nondirectional cycle,
multidirectional cycle, segmented cycle, radial, gear, circle arrow process, basic
pay, and radial cluster.
4. Hierarchy contains options such as organizational chart, picture organization

chart, name and title organization chart, circle picture here are key, architecture
layout, and horizontal multilevel hierarchy.
5. Relationship contains options such as balance, circle relationship, hexagon

cluster, opposing ideas, table hierarchy target list, stacked Venn, basic target,
basic Venn, and radial cluster.
6. Matrix contains options such as basic matrix, titled matrix, grid matrix, and
cycle matrix.
7. Pyramid contains options such as basic pyramid, inverted pyramid, pyramid

list, and segmented pyramid.
8. Picture contains options such as accented picture, circular picture callout,

radial picture list, viral picture, and bending picture caption.
LIST OF LINKS
Title: What is word processing?
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZkNMEURVUzY&pbjreload=101
Title: Word: SmartArt Graphics

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hna1uJN1-qY
27
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 7

A. Directions: Identify what is being described in each item. Encircle the letter of
the correct answer.
1. It is used to show the flow of the steps or procedure.

a. Arrow b. Decision symbol c. Input or output symbol
2. It is a parallelogram shape and is used to encode data for input and display
data for output.
a. Decision symbol b. Arrow c. Input or output symbol
3. It is a rectangle shape and used to show the flow of operation or procedure.

a. Decision symbol b. Process symbol c. Input or output symbol
4. It is a diamond shape and is used to make conditions. It allows the person to

test the probability or possibility.
a. Process symbol b. Decision symbol c. Arrow
5. It is an oval shape and is used to start the flowchart operation.

a. Terminator symbol b. Input or output symbol c. Decision symbol
B. Directions: Read the following statements carefully. Write TRUE if it is correct

and FALSE if it is incorrect.
1. Matrix contains options such as basic, titled, grid, and cycle.
2. List contains options such as basic block, alternating hexagons,

picture caption, lined, and vertical bullet.
3. The SmartArt Graphic is one of the tools found in MS Word.
28
4. SmartArt Graphic is used to sum up or outline unimportant
ideas.
5. SmartArt Graphic contains different layouts which you can

choose from.
ASSIGNMENT 7

Make a document using the SmartArt graphic tool in MS Word. Print and attach
the document you made.

29
LESSON 8
TOPIC: EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE AND CREATE AN OUTPUT USING
MS Word
Productivity Tools refer to applications or software that can be used in order

to perform different tasks and outputs, such as documents, spreadsheets,
database, PowerPoint presentations, and publications. Each program has
different menus and submenus, which can help the user to easily locate and
execute the command. These productivity tools vary depending on the purpose
or intentions.
Productivity Description
Tool
Microsoft Word It is commonly used for creating documents such as reports,
researches, books, manuscripts, and any other text-related
output. It has a purpose to inform and discuss certain topics
and title through printed output. The output is called
document.
Microsoft Excel This program allows the user to work with rows and
columns. It is used to create tables with meaningful data.
These data can later perform computations. It allows the
user create charts and graphs. It has several operations that
can be used to show, analyze and derive raw data for
information. The output is called a worksheet.
Microsoft This application helps the user to make slides for visual
PowerPoint presentation. The objects that can be placed on each slide
are texts, pictures, video, charts, illustrations, graphics and
symbols. The user has the option to make his or her
presentation more dynamic and interesting by applying
animations. Moving objects or having visual effects on a
slide is called animation. Moreover, a user can add a special
effect from one slide to another, which is called transition.
The output is called presentation.
Microsoft This productivity tool is usually used for promotion and

Publisher advertisement. Printed output like brochure, invitation,
publication, and other tools are used to disseminate
information to public. It is somehow related to MS Word
however, majority of its tools are meant for designing,
editing and lay-outing printed materials and reference. The
output is called publication.
30
Microsoft Access This application is capable of keeping records of
transactions, managing files through tables, sorting or
arranging data from ascending and descending order and
filtering specific information for analytical purposes. It also
consists of tools which can be used in presenting the data
through forms and reports. It has special templates which
help you to make the output more creative and accurate.
The output is called database.
Parts of MS Word
The parts of an MS Word Window can be classified into two groups

- common and uncommon parts. The common parts that can be seen in other
Microsoft windows are the title bar, sizing buttons, ribbon tab, ribbon group,
ruler, scroll bar, status bar, taskbar, page view, and zoom value.
The uncommon parts can only be seen in MS Word like working document and
ribbon group tabs.
The following shows the description and importance of each parts.
Parts of the Description

MS Word
Window
Title Bar It is usually located on the top of the window. It tells the
name of the program or application.
Sizing Buttons These are positioned at the right side of the window. This
sizing buttons consists of minimized, maximize, restore, and
close. All of these buttons are used to manipulate the size
and visibility of the window of any program.
Ribbon Tab and The typical Microsoft office has ribbon tab and ribbon
Group group. However, it varies according to the nature of the
program and selected ribbon tab. The ribbon tab is located
on top of the ribbon group. It consists of menu that holds
different, commands. These, commands are found in the
ribbon group.
31
Ruler The two kinds of rulers are vertical and horizontal rulers.
Rulers are used to align and arrange the objects on the
working area of the document. Click on the view ribbon tab
and select ruler on the ribbon group.
Scroll bar Same as ruler, MS word window also has vertical and
horizontal scroll bars. These scroll bars are usually located
at the right side and lower part of the screen. These are
used to navigate the screen by using your mouse or
touchpad. Scrolling up and down or left and right are
common directions of scrollbars.
Status bar It is usually located at the bottom of the window where the
page number, the total number of words, and some other
properties are located.
Page view This is usually aligned with the status bar. It consists of
free icons: 1.Read mode allows the user to view the whole
page of the document by hiding the tools and other parts
of the window for clearer textual and graphical views. 2.
Print layout if the normal mode or view of the document
in MS word. 3. Web layout view shows the document in a
web page format, wherein, some of the pictures and text
are aligned. It is similar to the content of a web page.
Zoom value This tool is located at the lower left corner of the window
where a slider can be used to zoom in and out the working
area. Typically, the minimum value is 10%and the
maximum value is 250%.100%gives by user an exact size
of the printed document. Another way to control the size of
the working area is to press the Ctrl key + mouse scroll
up or down. If you are using a laptop, simply press
control +touch pad up or down.
Task bar
This part is often located at the bottom part of the window
where all the icons of the active programs are displayed
and can be navigated by just clicking the icon. Another way
to navigate and open the other program is by pressing Alt
+ tab or windows + tab.
LINK
Title: Microsoft Word - Basic Parts
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqhVJzi6oZQ
32
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 8


1. What application is capable of keeping records of transactions, managing files
through tables, sorting or arranging data from ascending and descending order
and filtering specific information for analytical purposes?
a. Microsoft Access b. Microsoft Word c. Microsoft Publisher
2. What application helps the user to make slides for visual presentation?
a. Microsoft Word b. Microsoft Access c. Microsoft PowerPoint
3. What is commonly used for creating documents such as reports, researches,

books, manuscripts, and any other text-related output?
a. Microsoft Access b. Microsoft Word c. Microsoft Publisher
4. What program allows the user to work with rows and columns?
a. Microsoft Word b. Microsoft Excel c. Microsoft Publisher
5. What productivity tool is usually used for promotion and advertisement?

a.Microsoft Publisher b. Microsoft Word c. Microsoft Excel
B. Directions: Identify whether the statement is true or false. Write T for true
and F for false.
1. Zoom value is located at the lower left corner of the window where a slider
can be used to zoom in and out the working area.
2. Page view is usually aligned with the status bar.
3. MS word window has vertical scroll bars only.
4. Title bar is usually located on the top of the window.
5. Sizing buttons are positioned at the right side of the window.
33
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
ASSIGNMENT 8

Directions: Match the icons in the left column with their function in the right
column.
a. Save
b. Copy
c. Cut
d. New blank document
e. Open
34
LESSON 9
TOPIC: IDENTIFY THE PARTS, DIFFERENT POINTERS AND ITS
FUNCTIONS IN MS EXCEL
MS Excel
An application used to organize the contents and compute numerical data.
It is a program that has a formula bar which allows the user to use or create his
or her own formula and functions. It also has a tool for sorting, filtering, and
analyzing data.
Part of the MS Description

Excel Window
Cell It refers to the intersection of column and row. It is a
single piece of box located in the working area.
Worksheet It is the part of the working area. It contains a collection of
cells.
Formula Bar This part allows the user to encode, edit, and copy and
paste formulas or functions. It is located at the upper
center side of the window and looks like a text box with an
“fx” header.
Row Header It consists of numbers from 1 to 1,048,576. It is vertically
piled on the left side of the window. It defines the position
of a cell in a row.
Column Header It consists of letters from A to XFD. It is horizontally filed
below the formula bar. It defines the position of a cell in a
column. To navigate from the first column or row header to
the last header, simple press Control
+left/right or down/up arrows.
Name Box It is located beside the formula bar. It is a small text box
that allows the user to identify the name of the active cell
.It indicates the row number and the column letter of
which the cell belongs to the name of the active cell will be
displayed on the name box stating the letter of the column
first before the number of the row.
Example: A3 means the cell belongs to column A and row
3.
35
Pointers in MS Excel and their functions:
Pointers and their Functions
An arrow appears when you point the mouse to
the external part of the worksheet, such as ribbon
tab, ribbon group, and scroll bars, among others.
A thick black arrow shows when the user points
the mouse at the column or row header. It is used
to highlight the entire column row.
A one headed cross appears when the user
points the mouse between two column or row
headers. It is used to adjust the cell’s width and
height.
An I beam indicates that the user can encode,
edit, or copy the text on the cell, name box, or
formula bar.
A thin black cross appears when the user points
the mouse of the lower right of an active cell on
the worksheet.
A double headed arrow shows when the user
drags the content of a cell to another cell.
A thick white cross appears when the user
highlights or select a specific cell or a range of
cells.
36
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 9

1. What part of MS Excel consists of numbers from 1 to 1,048,576?
a. cell b. Row Header c. Column Header
2. What refers to the intersection of column and row?

a. cell b. Row Header c. Column Header
3. What do you call the small text box that allows the user to identify the name of
the active cell?
a. Name Box b. cell c. Row Header
4. What is horizontally filed below the formula bar?

a. Worksheet b. Column Header c. cell
5. What contains the collection of cells in MS Excel?

a. Column Header b. cell c. Worksheet
and F for false.
1. One headed cross appears when the user points the mouse between
two column or row headers.
2. Thin black cross appears when the user points the mouse of the lower
right of an active cell on the worksheet.
3. Thick black arrow indicates that the user can encode, edit, or copy the
text on the cell, name box, or formula bar.
4. Arrow appears when you point the mouse to the external part of the
worksheet, such as ribbon tab, ribbon group, and scroll bars, among others.
5. Thick white cross appears when the user highlights or select a specific
cell or a range of cells.
37
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
ASSIGNMENT 9

Directions: Identify the parts of MS Excel. Write your answers on the space
provided below.
A F
B G
C H
D I
E J
38
LESSON 10
TOPIC: COMPUTE NUMBERS and ANALYZE DATA BY USING SPECIAL
COMMANDS AND CORRECT FORMULA
Steps in Computing Numerical Data in MS Excel
MS Excel can compute numbers and analyse data by following special

commands and correct formulas. The Formula Bar can be considered as one of
the special features of MS Excel. It is used to perform arithmetic operations. Just
remember to put an equal sign (=) at the beginning of the formula. An example
formula is =A1+A2, which means that the user is commanding the program to
add the values of cell A1 and cell A2. Then, the answer will appear in the active
cell or selected cell.
The built-in function refers to the ready-to-use templates for any

operation (addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division.
To use the sum built-in function, just type the equal sign on the preferred
cell, then type the built-in function sum and open parenthesis “( ” . Highlight the
cells to add and then type the close parenthesis “)”.
Analysing the Data
Sorting different from filtering the data on a table in MS Excel. Sorting means
arranging the range of numbers from highest to lowest or vice versa while
filtering is removing or hiding the unnecessary cells to give emphasis on
specific cells.
A. Sorting
There are two kinds of sorting data in MS Excel
1. Sorting letters or characters
To arrange alphabetically the list of names, you must do the following:
a. Highlight the cells that you would like to analyse and sort.
b. Click Sort and Filter on the Editing ribbon group, which can be
found at the upper right of the window. Another option is that you
right click the highlighted cells, then click Sort. A drop down menu
will appear. Select Sort A to Z, if you want to arrange the data
from A to Z, otherwise select Sort Z to A. Then, the table will
automatically change the format.
2. Sorting Numbers
To sort the numerical data from highest to lowest or vice versa, follow
the simple steps:
a. Highlight the range of cells you would like to sort.
b. Right click on the mouse button and choose Sort.
39
c. A drop down menu will appear. Click on the Custom Sort.
d. A sort dialog box will appear. Click on the Sort by drop down
arrow and choose Average (It is the heading of the numbers that
you would like to sort). In the Order portion, click the drop down
arrow and select whichever option you like (smallest to largest or
largest to smallest). Click OK.
B. Filtering
Filtering is a method that hides data that are no longer needed in the
analysis. For instance, you want to see the data of someone from a long
range of list or numbers. All you have to do is to follow the simple
procedures.
1. Highlight the heading of the table.
2. Right click, then choose the Filter command.
3. A drop down menu will appear. Click the drop down arrow on the
selected cell.
4. After this, you will only see the row. You will no longer see the data of
the selected cells.
LIST OF LINKS
Title: Excel Basic Formulas and Functions

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DsZ7lsTaAYo
Title: Excel: Sorting Data

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ep5q1cUhQas
40
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 10

1. What known as arranging the range of numbers from highest to lowest or vice
versa in MS Excel?
a. Highlighting b. Sorting c. Filtering
2. What is known as removing or hiding the unnecessary cells to give emphasis

on specific cells?
a. Filtering b. Highlighting c. Sorting
3. What method in MS Excel hides data that are no longer needed in the analysis?
a. Sorting b. Highlighting c. Filtering
4. What is the next step after highlighting the cells that you would like to analyse
in sorting?
a. Right click b. Click Sort and Filter c. choose the Filter
command
5. What is the next step after highlighting the heading of the table in filtering?
a. click OK b. click save c. Right click, then choose the Filter command
and F for false.
1. The built-in function refers to the ready-to-use templates for any
operation.
2. MS Excel can compute numbers and analyse data.
3. =A1+A2 means the user is commanding the program to add the values
of cell A1 and cell A7.
4. Formula Bar can be considered as one of the special features of MS
Excel.
5. =A1+A8 means the user is commanding the program to add the values
of cell A1 and cell A9.
41
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
ASSIGNMENT 10

Essay
1. Why is it important to use special commands and formula correctly? Express

your ideas in five sentences.
42
LESSON 11
TOPIC: DISTINGUISH THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BUYERS AND
SELLERS
Types of Entrepreneurs:
1. The Lifestyle Entrepreneurs
They are labeled as “the passionate entrepreneurs”. They create and sell
products and services out of passion and habit. They are more focused in
life rewards and doing something that they love rather than profit.
2. The SocialEntrepreneurs
They are labeled as “the leaders”. They offer products and services not to
earn profit, but to create improvements in the society through their
initiatives.
Examples: educational programs, banking services
3. The SerialEntrepreneurs
They are labeled as “the founders”. Always come up with great new
ideas to start a venture, develop, and afterwards let someone sell and
handle the business.
Example: Steve Jobs founded Apple, NeXT, and Pixar
4. The Solopreneurs
They are labelled as “the one”. This type of entrepreneurs start, run and
develop the business, and manage the operation alone. They are very
hands on and responsible for the success and failure of the business.
Examples: Wedding organizer, Physical therapist
Sellers are those who offer and sold products/ services to gain profit. Being a
business-minded person takes a lot of creativity to think of its demand as a
whole.
Qualities of a Good Seller
1. The Passion is real. They find work as an enjoyable hobby and
meaningful experiences that can be treasured through lifetime.
2. Practicality versus impossibility. They should implement product
development plans for their business to progress.
3. Win-win process. They should always have a positive mind and thirst
for business growth to remain in the world of business.
4. The customers. Identify the different types of customers and the market
demands to help them come up with smart promotional strategies.
43
5. The products and services. It must pass the regulatory and statutory
standards of the business organization.
6. The needs and wants. Their top priority is to provide the needs of the
most consumers.
7. The strategies. Promotional strategy is the heart of any business. It
should reach the mind and heart of customers.
Buyer – buy and purchase products and services. They have the free will to
choose the products and services they prefer.
Characteristics of a Good Buyer
1. Keen observers. They try to observe if the customers are satisfied with
the products and services.
2. Well-informed buyers. They are knowledgeable about the different
government and nongovernment organizations that can help them when
they encounter problems.
3. Mindful readers. They are attentive to details of the products and
services.
4. Clever buyers. They make sure to get the receipts of their purchased
items to be used as an evidence in case there are item’s defects.
5. Strategic Buyers. They know how to prioritize and handle their needs
and wants. They will always base on their needs.
LIST OF LINKS
Title: Identifying the Sellers and Buyers
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_tlzY_6Df90
Title: Types Of Entrepreneurs | FatRank Explains

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HiorBjuajFI
Title: Social Entrepreneurs
Link:
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.freepik.com%2Ff
ree-vector%2Fonline-banking-services-isometric-
composition_6372353.htm&psig=AOvVaw2aQPPh815oz1Ky8-
Ln0xJi&ust=1598160948642000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoT
CKCj1tSLrusCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uW3065ZgB9E
44
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 11

1. What type of entrepreneur is labeled as “the passionate entrepreneurs”?

a. The Serial b.Lifestyle c.The Solopreneurs
2. Whatoffer products and services to create improvements in the society through

their initiatives?
a.The Social b.Lifestyle Entrepreneurs c.The Serial
3. What type of entrepreneur is labeled as “the one”?

a. The Serial b. Lifestyle c.The Solopreneurs
4. What type of entrepreneur always come up with great new ideas to start a
venture, develop, and afterwards let someone sell and handle the business?
a.The Social b. Lifestyle c. The Serial
5. What entrepreneurfocused in life rewards and doing something that they love
rather than profit?
a. The Serial b. Lifestyle c.The Solopreneurs
B. Directions: Write T for true and F for false.

1. Clever buyers make sure to get the receipts of their purchased items to
be used as an evidence in case there are item’s defects.
2. Strategic buyers know how to prioritize and handle their needs and
wants. They will always base on their needs.
3. Mindful observers always try to observe if the customers are satisfied

with the products and services.
45
4. Well-informed buyers are knowledgeable about the different
government and nongovernment organizations that can help them when they
encounter problems.
5. Keen readers are attentive to details of the products and services.
ASSIGNMENT 11

Directions: Explain and give at least two examples of the following types of
entrepreneurs:
Criteria in Rating:
1. The Solopreneurs
2. The Social Entrepreneurs
46
LESSON 12
TOPIC: MAKING PRESENTATIONS USING MS POWERPOINT
Special parts in MS Powerpoint
1. Thumbmail is the smallest representation of the slides. It usually located

at the right side on the window.
2. Slide is the working area of MS Powerpoint. The texts, charts,
illustrations, pictures, and video are called objects.
3. Animation or transition pane is placed on the right side of the window.
It shows the list of animations and transitions of the slide or objects.
a. Animation makes the objects on the slide move. The different types
of animation are Entrance, Emphasis, Exit, and Motion Paths.
b. Transition adds effects on the slide.
Inserting Objects
1. Video allows you to make a story on the slide or presentation.

2. Sound gives light and life to your side.
a. Click the Insert Tab
b. On the Ribbon group, click video or audio
c. Choose Online Video or Video on My PC. Online video means
downloading a video from other websites while Video on my PC allows
you to open the video stored in your computer.
3. Picture shows visual representation that speaks and supports the texts
on the slide.
4. Text describes and explains the content of the presentation. The text can
be changed by selecting the preferred font style, color, size and text
effects.
LIST OF LINKS
Title: PowerPoint 2010 Parts of the PowerPoint Screen

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=40Tim0NHRkE
Title: PowerPoint 2016 Tutorial Inserting Objects Microsoft Training

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gIUnoegImCA
47
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 12

A. Directions: Identify what is being described in each item. Encircle the letter of
the correct answer.
1. It is the smallest representation of the slides. It usually located at the right

side on the window.
a. Thumbmail b.Transition c. Animation
2. It adds effects on the slide.

a. Thumbmail b.Transition c. Transition
3. It is the working area of MS Powerpoint

a.Transition b. Slide c. Thumbmail
4. It is placed on the right side of the window.

a. Thumbmail b.Animation c.Slide
5. It shows the list of animations and transitions of the slide or objects.

a. Animation b.Transition c.Slide
B. Directions: Read the following statements carefully. Write TRUE if it is correct
and FALSE if it is incorrect.
1. Text describes and explains the content of the presentation.
2. Picture shows visual representation that speaks and supports the
texts on the slide.
3. Online video means downloading a video from other websites
while Video on my PC allows you to open the video stored in your computer.
4. Picture allows you to make a story on the slide or presentation.
5. Sound gives light and life to your side.
48
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
ASSIGNMENT 12

Promote a product using a Powerpoint Presentation. Change file type into PNG
and attach the printed document.
49
LESSON 13
TOPIC: ENUMERATE THE STEPS ON HOW TO CREATE A GROUP CHAT
Electronic chatting or online chatting involves the use of electronic

devices for communication. Chatting is like talking to a person or a group of
people and exchanging messages. You can type or record your message through
video or audio recording and send it to the receiver. Online chatting needs
installed software or downloaded applications and an internet connection to
work. Some of the chatting software or applications are Yahoo messenger,
Google hangout, Facebook messenger, Viber, Skype, and Line.
Yahoo messenger what is released on March 9, 1998 and was abbreviated

as Y!M by Yahoo. It was considered as one of the best chatting rooms because
of its different chat rooms clustered by country or interest. It can be accessed
using desktop computers, laptops, and smartphones.
To download the Y!M application, do the following:

1. Type messenger.yahoo.com on the address bar.
2. Press the enter key prayer then, the page of yahoo messenger will be
opened.
3. Click on the download now or follow the instructions on the screen.
To sign in to Y!M, do the following:
1. After installing the application, double-click the Y!M icon on the desktop.
2. Type in your yahoo id and password.
3. Click the sign in button. Then, the yahoo messenger will be opened.
To use yahoo chat do the following:
1. From the yahoo chat interface click on the menu.
2. Click on the yahoo chat button.
3. Select from the chat room and categories options.
4. Type in your username.
Facebook messenger
Facebook is a very powerful social media site that people, nowadays, are fond
of using because of the different features it offers that allow people to chat, post
(pictures, videos, and website links), play games, and read information.
The Facebook group chat allows two or more people to chat and communicate
privately. To start and effectively use the group chat, do the following:
1. Open the Facebook messenger application on your phone or computer.

2. Login on your Facebook account by typing in your username and password.
3. On the messenger screen, click on the group chat icon.
4. On the group chat screen, click the plus (+) sign.
5. Click the create group choice.
50
6. On the create group screen, type the name of the group and click the check
boxes of the people or friend that you would like to add in the group. Otherwise,
type their account name on the space provided on the top of the screen.
7. Click the create group choice located on the upper right corner.
To mute, unmute, or leave from the group chat using a smartphone, do the
following:
1. On the home screen of the messenger, long press the message of the group
chat. A conversation pop-up window will appear.
2. Press the, command that you would like to do. It can be mute (to stop
receiving notifications from the group chat), unmute (to receive notifications
from the group chat), orleave (to permanently leave the group chat).
LIST OF LINKS
Title: How to create a Yahoo Account / How to Download ,

Install and Configure Yahoo App on Android Phones.
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XR4WQeFF8zc
Title: How to Create Group Chat on Facebook MessengerLink:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ldhrAQz4r8A
51
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 13

1. What social media site that people, nowadays, are fond of using because of
the different features it offers that allow people to chat, post (pictures, videos,
and website links), play games, and read information?
a. Facebook b. Youtube c. EZTalks
2. What applicationallows two or more people to chat and communicate

privately?
a. Youtube b. Pinterest c.Facebook group chat
3. What command allows to stop receiving notifications from the group chat?
a.unmute b. mute c.leave
4. Whatcommand allows to receive notifications from the group chat?

a.leave b. unmute c.mute
5. What command will you press to permanently leave the group chat?
a. leave b. mute c. unmute
and F for false.
1. Chatting is like talking to a person or a group of people and
exchanging messages.
2. Online chatting involves the use of electronic devices for
communication.
3. To download the Y!M application, you must type
messenger.yahoo.com on the address bar first.
4. In using yahoo chat, you must type in your username.
5. Double-click the Y!M icon on the desktop after installing the
application to sign in.
52
LESSON 14
TOPIC: USING MS EXCEL
MS Excel
One of the best features of MS Excel is doing multiple electronic
calculation. It is a tool that allows a person to easily compute, analyze, interpret,
and evaluate a long list of numerical data.
When you are writing an equation on the paper, you usually write 7x2=.
However, when encoding the same equation on the MS Excel, it will be =7*2. If
you notice, before a person can effectively use the MS Excel, he or she must
know first the following operations and operators.
Addition =+
Subtraction =-
Multiplication =*
Division =/
Exponentiation =^
Percent =%
Complex formula is a term used to describe the operation with more than one
operator. Example is =7*2+1-3/1. The software is programmed to apply the way
of computing the equation and arriving at an accurate answer. In the example,
the computer follows the MDAS operation, which stands for multiplication,
division, addition, and subtraction.
You can also choose Custom Format option, then the Format Cell will appear.
The Format cells will allow you to change the font, border, and background color
of the cell, which will be affected by the condition that you have stated a while
ago. For instance, if you want to change the background color to yellow, simply
do the following:
1. Click on the Fill tab and then choose the color yellow from the Background
Color choices.
2. Click the OK command button.
Computing Numerical Data in MS Excel
MS Excel can compute numbers and analyse data by following special
commands and correct formulas. The Formula Bar can be considered as one of
the special features of MS Excel. It is used to perform arithmetic operations. Just
remember to put an equal sign (=) at the beginning of the formula. An example
formula is =A1+A2, which means that the user is commanding the program to
add the values of cell A1 and cell A2. Then, the answer will appear in the active
cell or selected cell.
The built-in function refers to the ready-to-use templates for any
operation (addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division.
To use the sum built-in function, just type the equal sign on the preferred
cell, then type the built-in function sum and open parenthesis “( ” . Highlight the
cells to add and then type the close parenthesis “)” .
53
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 14


1. What known as the ready-to-use formulas that can be accessed by simply
highlighting the specific part/s of the worksheet?
a. Formula b. built-in function c. Range
2. What application performs operations, calculations, and analysis?

a. MS Excel b. MS PowerPoint c. MS Word
3. What is considered as one of the special features of MS Excel?

a. Formula Bar b. command c. cell
4. Which of the following formula means that the user is commanding the
program to add the values of cell R5 and cell J1?
a. =R1+J2 b. =R5+J1 c. =A5+A1
5. Which of the following formula means that the user is commanding the
program to add the values of cell C12 and cell T13?
a. =C12+T13 b. =C12+A13 c. =T12+T11
and F for false.
1. Complex formula is a term used to describe the operation with more
than one operator.
2. One of the best features of MS Excel is doing multiple electronic
calculation.
3. The operator for addition is =*.
4. The operator for division is =/.
5. The operator for exponentiation is =^
54
LESSON 15
TOPIC: CLASSIFICATION OF VEGETABLE PLANTS
Vegetables can be divided according to the edible parts of a plant into several
categories. The following are some of the edible parts of vegetables.
1. Root: carrot, radish, and beetroot

2. Stems (stalks): celery and asparagus
3. Seeds (legumes): chickpea, Baguio beans, and string beans
4. Flower: broccoli, cauliflower and artichoke
5. Fruit vegetable: tomato, cucumber and squash
6. Leave (leafy vegetable): cabbage, lettuce and spinach
7. Bulbs: garlic, onion, and shallot
Advantages of growing Vegetable Crops at Home
Vegetables are nutrient rich food. They are considered as source of many
nutrients. They are rich in vitamins and minerals. Eating vegetables helps the
body to remain healthy and to reduce the risk of illnesses or diseases. The
advantages of growing vegetable crops at home are the following:
1. You can have access to fresh and nutritious vegetables anytime. Just simply
get from your home-grown vegetable garden.
2. It enables children like you to appreciate the beauty of planting vegetable
crops and how rewording it can become. Moreover, there is a higher chance that
they will learn to eat what they have planted.
3. It saves time and money. You will spend less money in buying the ingredients
that you need in cooking since you have home grown vegetable crops. It will
also save you time and energy going to vegetable markets or grocery stores.
4. It is a worthwhile activity. Planting activity is a good physical activity for you
and your family. It teaches the value of cooperation that brings the family closer
together.
5. It develops positive traits. A person, like you, will develop patience and
growing plants and love for nature.
6. It can become a hobby or point of interest. You will become enthusiastic to
learn more about vegetable gardening.
7. It can be an income generating business. Some people utilize their hobby by
making it a business.
LIST OF LINKS
Title: CLASSIFICATIONS OF VEGETABLES | COOKERY
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPP-jg1unSY
Title: Benefits of Growing a Vegetable Garden

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H8Osfb5iXMM
55
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 15

A. Directions: Identify whether the statement is true or false. Write T for true
and F for false.
1. Growing vegetable crops at home saves time and money.
2. Eating vegetables helps the body remain healthy and reduce the risk of
illnesses or diseases.
3. Growing vegetable crops at home is a waste of time.
4. Some people utilize their hobby of growing vegetable crops by making

it a business.
5. Growing vegetable crops at home also save your time and energy
going to vegetable markets or grocery stores.
B. Directions:. Identify what is the edible part of the following vegetable crops.
Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. string beans
a. Seeds b. Flower
2. onion
a. Bulbs b. Flower
3. lettuce
a. Leave b. Seeds
4. celery
a. Stems b. Root
5. broccoli
a. Bulbs b. Flower
56
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
ASSIGNMENT 15

Encourage everyone to create their own vegetable garden at home by

composing/creating any of the following (poem, song or picture with caption)
and write your composition below.
57
LESSON 16
TOPIC: INTRODUCING COMMON VEGETABLE CROPS
Common Vegetable Crops
Philippines is a tropical country. There are numerous tropical vegetable
crops that you can easily plant and grow here. It is better to do some research
first before planting any vegetable plant. Some plants are not advisable to grow
in humid weather like cauliflowers because they will certainly die. To successfully
grow vegetable crops, choose the appropriate vegetable type, soil type, and
location for planting.
1. Lettuce grows best in cold weather. Planting it in tropical countries,
such as the Philippines, needs constant watering due to its rapid growth. Like
any other plant, it grows best with moist soil, compost, and fertilization.
Remember to keep this plant hydrated. This plant can be planted in a container
or directly into the soil.
2. Cabbage can range from green, red or purplish color. It forms a ball-
like mass of leaves and comes in different varieties. Chinese cabbage and green
or red are some of the varieties of cabbages. Cabbages are best grown in a cool
climate with a temperature ranging from 18-20 degrees Celsius.
3. Moringga Tree is a fast –growing vegetable plant, which can grow
over 20 feet. It is considered as one of the healthiest and most nutritious
vegetable plants. It is best to plant it outdoors directly into soil. The fastest way
to plant is by branch cutting.
4. Mint has a cool and soothing fragrance and has a fruity taste. It is
easy to grow since it is a fast-growing plant, and can be kept in a medium-sized
pot. Spearmint and peppermint are examples of mint plant varieties. Just be
warned that this plant is invasive. Planting it near the other plants is not
advisable.
5. Basil has a strong scent. It is known as the “king of herbs”. It is ideal
to grow basil in the Philippines because it is a tropical plant. It can be raised in
pots, and is perfect for urban gardening. Sweet basil and lemon basil are
examples of basil varieties. It can be grown from seeds or propagate through
stem cutting.
6. Oregano is a drought-tolerant herb and is compatible in warm
weather. It is easy to grow and it germinates within a week. It can grow up to
two feet. It can be planted using seeds or stem cuttings whether indoor or
outdoor for as long as there is sun exposure.
7. Onion is known to have a strong taste and a distinctive aroma, which
makes it ideal I cooking dishes. Red and yellow onions are common in the
Philippines. The two main types of onions are short-day onions (preferably grown
in warmer climate) and long-day onions (preferably grown in cooler climate).
This plant is easy to grow. The secret in growing bigger onion bulbs is to plant it
on loose soil rich in nitrogen and direct sun exposure.
58
8. Garlic is an easy to plant and with low maintenance. All you need to do
is to plant few garlic cloves with good compost soil positioned in a place where
there is enough sunlight.
9. Carrot is best grown in cool climate. It is a root vegetable that need
deep, loose soil, compost, exposure to sunlight, and constant watering. It is
plated directly into the soil with 3-4 inches apart in rows. Remember to remove
stones in soil where the seeds are planted because it may block the growth of
the roots.
10. Okra is a tropical plant that can withstand extreme drought and heat.
Warmer climate will make the plant produce more pods. Harvest the pods within
three to five days while they are still young and tender. This can be planted first
indoor before transplanting it outdoor.
Homemade Compost Soil

A compost soil is a nutrient-rich humus that is added to the soil to make
home-grown plants healthier. Every plant grower has the option of buying ready-
made compost or making their own compost. Practicality wise, it is better to
make a compost than to buy in a plant store. In this way, a plant grower will be
able to save money and resources, which will also be a good for the
environment.
Advantages of Making Homemade Soil
1. It saves money.
2. It is more convenient.
3. You know the ingredients placed in the compost soil and the nutrients they
offer. You can maximize the potential of the soil.
4. It makes you become a productive person equipped with knowledge and skills
starting from the preparation of seedbed to harvesting of crops.
59
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 16


1. What root vegetable needs deep, loose soil, compost, exposure to sunlight,
and constant watering?
a. Garlic b. carrot c. mint
2. What plant has cool and soothing fragrance and has a fruity taste?
a. mint b. basil c. moringga
3. What grows best in cold weather and can be planted in a container or directly
into the soil?
a. garlic b. moringga c. lettuce
4. What is a tropical plant that can withstand extreme drought and heat?
a. cabbage b. okra c. moringga
5. What is known as the “king of herbs”?

a. okra b. cabbage c. basil
and F for false.
1. It is better to buy a compost in a plant store than to make at home.
2. Making homemade soil saves money.
3. A compost soil is a nutrient-rich humus that is added to the soil to
make home-grown plants healthier.
4. It is more convenient to make compost soil than to buy it.
5. Making homemade soil makes you become a productive person
equipped with knowledge and skills.
60
LESSON 17
TOPIC: APPLYING PEST CONTROL TO VEGETABLE CROPS
Insecticides are chemical products intended to eliminate and kill harmful

insects.
Pesticides are chemical products intended to eliminate and kill harmful insects
and weeds, and prevent plant diseases.
Herbicides are chemical products used to eliminate and kill weeds or unwanted
plants.
Organic Pest Control
Some of the enemies of plant growers are pests and will remain in one’s
garden if not treated immediately. There are other homemade insect repellents
that are very inexpensive, easy to make, and are harmless to plants.
Soap Spray is used for getting rid of aphids, spider mites, and the like.
Garlic oil spray is also used for repelling insects such as aphids, spider mites
and most beetles.
Baking soda spray is used for powdery mildew and other fungus.
Garlic and pepper spray is used for getting rid of caterpillars, flea beetles, and
other insects.
Common Vegetable Pests
1. Aphids are known to be the plant lice. They are tiny, soft-bodied insects that
multiplies rapidly and are classified as sap feeders (feeding on plant’s sap or
juice).
2. Bean leaf beetles feed on the different parts of plants. This pest prefer
young legume plants. They can cause serious damage to young plants leading to
their death while older plants will have a decrease in yields.
3. Cabbage looper caterpillars are green in color and can grow up to 2
inches. These feed on green vegetables such as cabbage and broccoli. They can
also feed on tomatoes and potatoes.
4. Cross striped cabbage worms feed mostly on cabbages, broccoli and
cauliflowers.
5. Cucumber beetles can make a great damage to vegetable plants, most
especially to cucumbers, beans, and corns. These can also spread bacteria or
viruses that severely affects plants.
6. Flea beetles feed on any vegetable plant. They leave holes on leaves or
other plant parts.
7. Grasshoppers feed on any vegetable plant like onions and carrots.
8. Harlequin bugs are also known as fire bugs. They damage the plant parts by
making uneven discoloured spots around a hole of a young plant, especially on
the leaves and stems. Plants infected with these may die.
9. Leaf hoppers feed and suck plants’ juices.
10. Leaf miner larvae feed on plants’ leaves and relatively damage the plants
and pose serious damages if the affected parts were not removed immediately.
61
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 17


1. What pest feeds on the different parts of plants and prefer young legume?
a. Bean leaf beetles b. Leaf hoppers c. Flea beetles
2. What are known to be the plant lice?

a. Cucumber beetles b. Aphids c. Cross striped cabbage
worms
3. What pests are green in color and can grow up to 2 inches?

a. Grasshoppers b. Aphids c. Cabbage looper
caterpillars
4. What pest feeds on any vegetable plant like onions and carrots?
a. Grasshoppers b. Bean leaf beetles c. Aphids
5. What pests are also known as fire bugs and can damage the plant’s parts by
making uneven discoloured spots around a hole of a young plant, especially on
the leaves and stems?
a. Grasshoppers b. Harlequin bugs c. Cross striped cabbage
and F for false.
1. Soap Spray is used for getting rid of intended to eliminate and kill
harmful insects and weeds, and prevent plant diseases.
2. Pesticides are chemical products used to eliminate and kill weeds or
unwanted plants.
3. Insecticides are chemical products intended aphids, spider mites, and
the like.
4. Homemade repellents are harmless to plants.
5. Pesticides are chemical products to eliminate and kill harmful insects.
62
LESSON 18
TOPIC: CHOOSING THE APPROPRIATE ORNAMENTAL PLANT TO GROW
Ornamental Plants add beauty to an area where they are placed. These plants
are usually used as decorations. Some house owners prefer to have ornamental
plants displayed inside and /or outside their homes because they add an
attractive look to their place.
Most common Uses of ornamental plants:

1. They create an appealing look to the place. When different ornamental
plants are aesthetically arranged and combined together, they create an inviting,
homey, and pleasing visual appeal to the person seeing it.
2. They add a pleasing scent. Most ornamental plants have an aromatic smell.
Roses, for example, give pleasing scent and provide beauty that invites people to
smell their scent; while other plants have their own special characteristics. For
instance, the citronella plants have lemon fragrance that can repel outdoor pests,
such as mosquitoes.
3. They provide food and shelter for different animal species. For
example, fruit trees provide food and shelter for birds and small animals.
4. They provide clean air. Plants are considered natural air filters. Having
plants at home, whether placed indoor or outdoor, helps improve the air quality
within or around the area.
5. They can be a source of income. Knowing what to plant, how to plant, and
where to plant are important details for a person who wants to make ornamental
plants as a form of business.
6. They bring a person closer to nature. When a person starts learning how
to plant and makes it his or her hobby, he or she develops love for nature.
Common Ornamental Plants

Ornamental plants have different classifications that include trees, shrubs,
creepers and climbers, orchid, ornamental grasses, and aquatic ornamental
plants, among others. The following are the common household ornamental
plants.
1. Roses are considered one of the most popular flowers in the world. These
flowers are difficult to grow in tropical countries, such as the Philippines. They
need constant attention because they are very sensitive to too much heat or too
much cold. It is recommended to grow roses in places with colder climate, such
as Tagaytay and Baguio.
2. Orchids are perennial plants, which comes in different colors. They can grow
in warm or humid environment. If you want to place the orchids indoor, place
them in areas where there is plenty of sunlight. Most orchids need watering at
least once a week.
3. Chrysanthemums are also called as “the flower of the sun”. These flowers
have many purposes such as having natural insecticides and reducing air
63
pollution. These flowers need five to six hours of sun exposure, dry environment,
and plenty of air circulation.
4. Snake Plants are usually placed indoors, near the corner walls or bathroom,
because of their capability to purify the air. They are considered low
maintenance plants. They need only a small amount of light and water.
5. Santan is an ornamental shrub that is usually placed or planted near the
entrance of the house. One of the advantages of growing this plant is that it
blooms all year long with low maintenance only.
6. Gumamela is popularly used for bubble making. Tropical gumamela needs at
least 6 hours exposure to sunlight and daily watering.
7. Sampaguita is a tropical plant and is known as the Philippine's national
flower. It is a strong scented flower that can be used to make perfumes. Caring
for this plant requires maximum exposure to sunlight and constant watering
LIST OF LINKS
Let’s LEARN:
Title: Plants Give Back -- Learn The Bountiful Benefits of Ornamentals
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MAyh2m2WtnM
Let’s DEVELOP:
Title: Different types of plants and their common names
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gbmNZZ_Krvc
64
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 18

1. What ornamental plant is popularly used for bubble making?
a. Santan b. Gumamela c. Sampaguita
2. What is a tropical plant and is known as the Philippine's national flower?

a. Sampaguita b. Chrysanthemums c. Gumamela
3. What are usually placed indoors, near the corner walls or bathroom, because of
their capability to purify the air?
a.Orchids b. Snake Plants c. Sampaguita
4.What perennial plants comes in different colors and can grow in warm or humid
environment
a.Orchids b. Sampaguita c. Snake Plants
5. What is considered one of the most popular flowers in the world?

a.Snake Plants b. Chrysanthemums c. Roses
and F for false.
1. Ornamental plants create an appealing look to the place.
2. Ornamental plants provide clean air.
3. Ornamental plants provide food and shelter for humans only.
4. Ornamental plants can be a source of income.
5. Plants are considered as natural air filters.
65
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
ASSIGNMENT 18

Criteria:
Creativity/Originality 3
Effort/Perseverance 5
Craftsmanship/Skill/Consistency 2
Total 10 points
On a short bond paper, draw your favourite flower and add a description of it.
Attach your output for checking.
66
LESSON 19
TOPIC: RECOGNIZING THE COMMON TOOLS FOR PLANTING
Ornamental plants are living things that need proper care in order to grow and
live. If you are planning to grow plants at home, you need the necessary tools
and equipment to ensure that the right way of planting is observed. Here are the
common tools needed in planting.
A. Common Tools for Planting Ornamental Plants in Pots
1. Pruning shears – used for pruning, shaping, and removing foliage or
branches.
2. Sprinkler can – used to water the plants.
3. Hand sprayer – used for spraying minor insect pesticides.
4. Garden trowel – used for creating small holes in soil, scooping soil,
and loosening the plant in pot or in ground.
5. Plant containers – where the soil and seeds or plants are placed.
6. Gloves – used to protect the hands during planting activity.
B. Common Tools for Growing Plants in the Garden

1. Shovel – has a pointed tip that is used for digging, scooping, and
lifting the soil.
2. Spade – has a flat tip that is used for slicing, cutting, loosening, and
scraping the soil.
3. Spading fork – used to pierce through the soil easily, loosening it, and
breaking its solid part.
4. Bolo – used to cut grasses.
5. Garden hose – used for watering plants.
6. Wheel barrow – used to haul or transfer planting materials.
67
Choosing Ornamental Plants
Having ornamental plants at your home can be beneficial to one’s health
and environment, and can contribute to the overall beauty of the place. This is
why it is important to decide which ornamental plants to grow at your home. You
cannot just grow any ornamental plant without considering the different factors,
such as the following:
1. Location
Where do you intend to grow your plants? Since the focus is
planting ornamental plants at home, will you place the plants indoor or outdoor?
Then, decide if you are going to grow it in pots or directly in the soil at the
garden area of your house. You can search the internet for the list of appropriate
ornamental plants to grow at your home.
2. Temperature
If you are living in the Philippines, you should choose ornamental
plants that can be easily planted in in a tropical country. You should also
consider the temperature that the plants can tolerate.
3. Size
Consider the size of the ornamental plants you want to grow and
the size of your pots, if you prefer to use pots.
4. Soil
To produce healthy plants, you need to know the appropriate soil
for them.
5. Sunlight
Plants need sunlight. You should consider how much exposure to
sunlight will your ornamental plants need. There are some plants that need daily
sunlight while others do not. For those plants need less sunlight, you can place
them indoors.
6. Water
What is the water requirement of your ornamental plant? Does it
need daily watering? This is important if you want your plants to be healthy.
Remember that too much watering can cause plants to die.
7. Hazard
There are plants that are not recommended to be planted at home
for the sake of the owner’s pet’s health. Choose an ornamental plant that can be
beneficial and has a high resistance to parasites and diseases.
LIST OF LINK
Let’s DEVELOP:
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nffg3GlSuXg&t=12s
68
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 19

1. What common tool in planting is used to pierce through the soil easily, loosening
it, and breaking its solid part?
a. Plant containers b. Spading fork c. Garden hose
2. What common tool in planting is used for watering plants?

a. Wheel barrow b. Spading fork c. Garden hose
3. What common tool in planting is used to protect the hands during planting
activity?
a. Gloves b. Spade c. Wheel barrow
4. What is used for creating small holes in soil, scooping soil, and loosening the
plant in pot or in ground?
a. Garden trowel b. Spading fork c. Spade
5. What is used to cut grasses?

a. Garden hose b. Plant containers c. Bolo
and F for false.
1. You should also consider the temperature that the plants can tolerate.
2. To produce healthy plants, you need to know the appropriate soil for
them.
3. There are plants that are not recommended to be planted at home.
4. Too much watering can cause plants to die.
5. of sunlight exposure your ornamental plants will need.
69
LESSON 20
TOPIC: EXPLAINING THE IMPORTANCE AND STEPS OF
INTERCROPPING
Intercropping
Intercropping maximizes the space and time of growing different crops in
the garden as it allows you to plant different crops simultaneously. In this way,
the crop yields will be doubled.
Different types of intercropping:
1. Mixed cropping means planting the crops in no specific order or arrangement.
They are planted and harvested together.
2. Row cropping or alley cropping means planting different crops in rows
alternately.
3. Relay cropping or temporal cropping means planting a fast-growing crop and a
slow-growing crop.
Steps in Intercropping
1. Plan
Research the perfect combination of plants to raise. The spacing of the plants is
an important factor to consider.
2. Draw
Make a sketch of your garden plan or planting arrangement. Indicate the
distance and spacing of each plant and write the labels.
3. Plant
Decide how you want to grow your plants. Then, start preparing the soil and
other related planting activities.
70
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 20

1. What is an important factor to consider in intercropping?
a. Spacing b. Water c. Sunlight
2. What is the first step in intercropping?

a. Draw b. Plan c. Plant
3. Aside from the labels, what must be indicated in sketching the garden plan?
a. sunlight exposure b. labels only c. distance
and spacing
4. What will be the last step in intercropping?

a. Plan b. Plant c. Draw
5. What should be done after deciding the plants to grow?

a. prepare the materials needed in planting
b. make a sketch of the garden
c. research the perfect combination of plants to raise
and F for false.
1. Intercropping maximizes the space and time of growing different crops
in the garden.
2. Mixed cropping means planting the crops in no specific order or
arrangement.
3. Relay cropping means planting different crops in rows alternately.
4. Relay cropping or temporal cropping means planting a fast-growing crop
and a slow-growing crop.
5. Alley cropping means planting different crops in rows alternately.
71
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
ASSIGNMENT 20

What are the importance of intercropping? Enumerate at least three.

72
LESSON 21
TOPIC: STATING THE ADVANTAGE OF TAKING CARE OF PETS AT HOME
Choosing the Appropriate Animals to Raise at Home

Caring for animals is like having a little brother or a little sister. It will be
your responsibility to care and support him or her. There are animals that are
closer to people, such as dogs and cats; while others are intended to be raised
for food consumption or for business purposes, such as chickens and pigs. In
whatever classification they may belong, always have the love and compassion
to care and to nurture the animals that you have at home.
The following are the advantages of having pets at home:

1. It gives you a loyal companion.
2. It gives you happiness.
3. It teaches you how to be responsible and how to take care for others.
4. It is good for your health.
5. It gives you an opportunity to grow.
Some of the values you can learn from taking care of the pets:
1. Patience. You are more knowledgeable than your pets. Teaching them simple
actions or commands entail longer discipline and patience.
2. Love. Pets are not toys that once you dislike them, you can throw them away.
They also need unconditional love.
3. Understanding. Through time, you will learn how to understand your pets
better. You will acquire compassion and empathy during the entire process.
4. Trust. It is easier to give your trust to your pets. Because you are assured that
your pets trust you back.
5. Responsibility. Every day, you have the responsibility to feed your pets, to
groom them, and to take good care of them.
6. Respect. You must be careful in everything you do because your pets are
sensitive. They can get hurt when you do bad things to them.
Pets at Home
1. Hamster and guinea pig
If you are in on a tight budget and if you want to start small, then a hamster or
a guinea pig is good for you. They are easy to take care of. However, they
reproduce quickly.
2. Rabbit
It is sociable in nature. They can also be raised at home. However, rabbits are
very delicate. So, extra care should be exercised.
3. Turtle
73
If you do not want to experience a heartbreak for two to three decades, then
consider taking care of turtles. They are reptiles that live longer than other house
pets and are very affectionate. Also, they are silent in nature.
4. Bird
If you want something that challenges you, then caring for a bird is good for
you. You can start with love birds or parrots. Their behaviour and language is
different from dogs and cats, so you need to have long patience and
understanding.
5. Fish
It is an aquatic animal that lives in water. Like hamsters, they are low
maintenance and rapidly reproduce.
6. Dog
It is known to be the human’s best friend. They can be very loyal and can
safeguard your home when you are not around. If you want a companion, this is
good for you.
7. Cat
Like dogs, cats are closer to humans. They are considered social animals,
because they are also known to be friendly.
LIST OF LINKS
Let’s LEARN:
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TPZSW5wu2NA
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=geMJdVwJQSI
Let’s DEVELOP:
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JNIivZPn4U
74
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 21

1. What pet is known to be sociable in nature?
a. Cat b. Rabbit c. Hamster
2. What pet can live for two to three decades and are very affectionate?
a. Turtle b. Hamster c. Rabbit
3. What house pet needs long patience and understanding because of its
behaviour and language?
a. Hamster b. Guinea pig c. Bird
4. What aquatic animal that lives in water and needs low maintenance only?
a. Rabbit b. Fish c. Rabbit
5. What pet can be very loyal and can safeguard your home when you are
not around?
a. Guinea pig b. Bird c. Dog
and F for false.
1. Having pets at home gives you happiness.
2.You must be careful in everything you do because your pets are
sensitive.
3.Pets are toys that once you dislike them, you can throw them away.
4.Having pets at home teaches you how to be responsible and how to take
care for others.
5. Having pets at home gives you a loyal companion.
75
LESSON 22
TOPIC: TAKING CARE OF ANIMALS
A. Hamster
Hamsters are smaller than Guinea pig. Their life span is around one to
three years.
1. They are nocturnal creatures.
2. They are solitary animals and prefer to live alone. They should be caged
individually as they may have the tendency to fight.
3. They are less vocal compared to guinea pigs.
4. They are grumpier and less receptive to human affection.
Common Illnesses:
Cuts and Scrapes
Chewing the bar of the cage
Moving in circles
Cough and colds
Dehydration
B. Guinea pig
They are social creatures. They can live for five to seven years.
1. Unlike hamsters, these creatures are awake during day time and asleep during
night time.
2. They cost more because of their size. Their cage, space, amount of food,
bedding should be bigger.
3. They are more vocal and talkative.
4. The more female are in cage, the closer they will become. Male guinea pigs
should be chosen wisely.
5. Cleaning the cage takes longer than the hamster’s because of its size.
Common Illnesses:
Teeth problem Respiratory problem
Digestive Problem Urinary problem
Parasitic problem
Tips to remember:
Let them play. Tame your pets.
Maintain the cleanliness of the cage Secure their cage.
all the time. Groom your pets.
Keep them healthy. Devote some of your time with
Provide lots of twigs or chew sticks. them.
C. Rabbit
They need TLC like other animals. Buy or adopt them in pairs or
compatible groups so that they will not feel lonely.
Tips to remember:
Maintain cleanliness.
76
Keep your rabbits healthy.
Daily grooming should be done.
Buy and give your pets something to chew like edible wooden chews.
Practice the art of correct holding and handling of your pet.
Common Illnesses:
Dental problems Patches in the ears
Diarrheal Discharge from the eyes and nose
Swelling Sudden behavioural change
D. Turtle
One of the most loved reptiles to pet. If you are planning to make turtles
as your pet, ask yourself first if you are ready to have a long term commitment.
They can live up to 20 to 30 years or more. They are one of high maintenance
pets since they need bigger housing like a tank or pond.
Tips to remember:
Small ones need indoor tanks. Feed them according to their nature.
Provide where they can freely swim Maintain cleanliness.
and climb Reptiles need heat to regulate their
Feed the according to their age. body temperature.
Common Illnesses:
Changes in eating behaviour. Dry or flaky skin.
Occurrence of white or gray color on Discharge from their nose or mouth.
their shell or skin. Swelling
E. Bird
Birds are incredibly intelligent, friendly, and beautiful. They can be taught
some tricks like counting, speaking and recognizing words. But not all birds can
be trained to speak.
Warning: Benefits:
Birds are lifelong commitment. You will have a lifelong companion.
Birds can easily get bored. You will develop social interaction.
Birds can hurt you. You will be loved.
Maintenance is pricy. You will feel calm
They are talkative.
Tips to remember:
Cage Play area
Toys Bathing
Exercise Food
Common Hazards:
Lost Birds Poisons
Toxic plants Heat exposure
Hitting
77
F. Fish
They are colourful aquatic animals that can be easy or complicated to take
care of, depending on the type of its species. For starters, consider taking care of
a goldfish. These species can live for decades. You can either put them in a fish
bowl or a tank.
Experts advise to place goldfish in a tank rather than in fish bowl. If you
place your pet in a small fish bowl, they will have a stunted growth and a shorter
life span.
Tips to remember:
The bigger the fish tank, the better. Do not overfeed your fish.
Maintain a 19˚C temperature in the Place accessories or ornaments in
tank. the tank.
Keep the tank fresh by cleaning once Install air pump in the tank.
a week.
Common Illnesses:
Constipation
Ichthyophthirius
Ammonia poisoning
G. Dogs
Considered as human’s best friend. This is the most common house pet
preferred by most home owners because dogs are often considered as the most
amazing and most reliable companion.
Tips to remember:
Choose a name that can be easily 1 year or older – 1 meal a day
recognize.
Make sure that your dog is protected
with Vaccinations. Study and learn their behaviour.
Feed your dog everyday Establish a routine and be
8-12 weeks old – 4 meals a consistent.
day Train and teach simple commands.
3-6 months old – 3 meals a Use dog and dog shampoo in
day bathing.
6 mos. To 1 yr. – 2 meals a Keep your pet busy.
day
Common Illnesses:
Cancer Fleas and Ticks
Obesity Diarrhea
Broken bones
H. Cats
Cats are cute, loving pets. They are also a great companion. They can live
up to 20 years of age.
Tips to remember:
78
After you adopt a cat, bring it Train your cat where to litter.
straight to a veterinary clinic. Groom your cat regularly.
Keep your cat indoors. Play with your cat.
Common Illnesses:
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Sneezing
Weight loose
Painful or bloody urine
Difficulty in breathing or rapidly
breathing
Swelling
LIST OF LINKS
Let’s LEARN:
Link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
TPZSW5wu2NA
Link:
geMJdVwJQSI
Let’s DEVELOP:
Link:
6JNIivZPn4U
79
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 22

A.Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which is a common illness of a cat?
a. Cancer b. broken bones c. Difficulty
in breathing
2. How many meals should be given to a 8-12 weeks old dog?
a. 3 meals a day? b. 4 meals a day c. 2 meals a
day?
3. What colourful aquatic animal can be easily taken care of, depending on
the type of its species?
a. rabbit b. cat c. fish
4. What pet can be taught some tricks like counting, speaking and
recognizing words?
a. turtle b. birds c. rabbit
5. What pet should be bought or adopt in pairs or compatible groups so that
they will not feel lonely?
a. turtle b. hamster c. rabbit
B. Directions: Identify whether the statement is true or false. Encircle the

letter of the correct answer.
1. Hamsters are nocturnal creatures.

2. Rabbits are one of high maintenance pets since they need bigger
housing like a tank or pond.
3. Hamsters are smaller than Guinea pig.
4. Turtles need heat to regulate their body temperature.
5. Rabbits should be groomed daily.
80
LESSON 23
TOPIC: DEMONSTRATING THE WAYS OF KEEPING THE BODY CLEAN
AND HEALTHY
Good grooming is mainly concerned with observing practices that promote

personal hygiene such as taking a bath regularly, brushing the teeth after every
meal, and combing the hair. It also involves wearing neat and appropriate
clothes and maintaining good posture. Through good grooming, a person will
look neat, presentable, and attractive. However, aside from keeping a pleasant
appearance, it also important to keep the body healthy and strong. This can be
done by eating the right kinds of food, doing daily exercise, and having enough
rest and sleep.
Eating the Right Kinds of Food

The foundation of good nutrition is healthy eating. Healthy eating means
eating a meal which consists of different kinds of healthy food according to the
following proportions: a lot of carbohydrates, more vitamins and minerals, some
proteins, and a little of fat.
1. Carbohydrates provide immediate energy needed by the body to the
daily activities. Rice, corn, bread, and cereals are the major sources of
carbohydrates.
2. Vitamins and minerals regulate body processes such as
strengthening the immune system, healing of wounds, and building strong
bones, among others. Fruits and vegetables are good sources of these nutrients.
3. Protein builds and repairs body tissues. It makes the bones and
muscles grow bigger, taller, and healthier. Meats, poultry, eggs, and fish are
good sources of protein.
4. Fat provides the heat needed by the body. Avocado, nuts, butter, and
margarine are sources of this nutrient.
Doing Daily Exercise

Exercise is a physical activity that stimulates good blood circulation, develops
and builds lean muscles, and promotes regular elimination of wastes. At your
age, you do not need to go to the fitness gym and lift heavy weights. Instead,
you can do outdoor recreational activities with your friends, schoolmates and
family, where you will have fun like playing basketball, badminton, volleyball, and
other sport activities. Doing these activities is also a good form of exercise.
Practicing Personal Hygiene

Personal hygiene involves practices that promote good health, which are
performed by a person to keep his or her body clean. Keeping the body clean is
the cheapest way to prevent sickness or diseases. The saying. “Prevention is
better than cure,” supports the idea of practicing personal hygiene. Poor hygiene
81
attracts bacteria, viruses, and other harmful microorganisms, which causes the
person to feel ill or unwell.
1. Take good care of your skin. Your body has millions of sweat
glands. These sweat glands perspire and can produce foul odour, if the skin is
not regularly washed. Too much sweat can also develop dirt which can live in on
your clothes specially, on your undergarments. In order to avoid this, you should
take good care of your skin. Being able to do so means that you also take good
care of your whole body since the skin is the largest organ that covers the entire
body. Some of the basic guidelines of skincare are the following:
Make it a habit to take a bath regularly.

Use lukewarm water and mild soap when washing.
Avoid sun exposure between 9:00 a.m. To 3:00 p.m. Apply sunscreen lotion
with higher sun protection factor (SPF).
Wash your face before going to bed is a good habit to remove all the dirt
that you have come in contact with during the whole day.
Never let another person use your face towel or bath towel.
2. Take good care of your mouth. Your mouth is prone to collecting harmful
bacteria. When you forgot to brush your teeth after eating, some of the food
particles will stick to the surface of your gums and in between your teeth. When
this food particles are not removed and they stayed long inside the mouth,
bacteria can grow. This can result to tooth decay, bad breath, and wars, teeth
and gum infections. To prevent these mouth problems, you should always
practice proper oral hygiene. Some practices that most dentist recommend for
oral hygiene are the following:
Brush your teeth every after eating.

Brush your teeth in an upward and downward motion .begin at the front
going to the back also include your tongue when brushing.
Massage your gums by using soft bristle toothbrush. This improves the
blood circulation in your gums and makes them healthy.
Use a toothpaste with fluoride. Fluoride protects the teeth from cavities.
In the absence of toothpaste, use salt or baking soda as a substitute.
Avoid eating too much sweets and drinking soda since they are proven to
be the major cause of tooth decay.
Use dental floss before brushing
Visit your dentist once or twice a year, every six months or as needed, for
dental check-up and treatment.
3. Take good care of your hands and feet. Accumulate underneath your
fingernails. This dirt carries bacteria which can be transferred to another person
or to the food that you are eating. Once the bacteria enter your body, you
become vulnerable to any disease or illness. In the same way, when dirt
82
accumulate in the toenails, it can cause bacterial or fungal breeding. In order to
avoid this, it is important to observe the following basic practices in taking care
of your hands and feet.
Trim your fingernails and toenails at least once a week.

Use moisturizing soap instead of antibacterial soap in washing your feet
and hands.
Wash your hands properly.
Make sure your feet are dry before wearing clean socks and shoes.
Make it a habit to wear clean socks everyday.
4. Take good care of your ears. Earwax accumulates in the outer part of the
ears near the external opening. It comes out of the ears naturally for most
people when they are talking or their jaw is moving. It can also be removed by
washing the outer part of the ears with soap and water regularly when taking a
bath. Another way to get rid of it is to clean the outer part of the ears using
cotton buds. Just remember to avoid reaching the inner part of your ears when
doing this because you may hurt or damage your eardrum. In case that your
ears produce a lot of earwax, which can be painful, you may drop baby oil or
commercial ear drops to soften and allow it to come out easily. This should be
done under the supervision of your parents or someone knowledgeable about
this.
5. Take good care of your hair. The hair is considered by many to be their
crowning glory, especially by girls. It can give you the look you wanted to have
since its rule is to improve one's look. However, as you perform your daily and
usual activities, your hair become exposed to dirt. This can produce oil, sweat,
and dead cells which can make your hair greasy and dirty. To avoid this, wash
your hair daily with shampoo and conditioner. Failure to do so can cause head
lice and nits (eggs of head lice). This small parasites live in human hair and
rapidly multiply, which makes a person's called very itchy. It can even cause
annoyance, irritation, and embarrassment to the person who had it. In order to
prevent such condition it is important to take good care of our hair. This can be
done by observing the following practices recommended by dermatologists.
Wash your hair with shampoo and clean water regularly.

Massage the shampoo into your scalp well to remove dead cells, excess oil
and dirt.
Rinse your hair with clean water until bubbles are washed off.
Apply conditioner for smoother and easier to comb.
Use a wide tooth comb.
Gently dry your hair with a clean towel.
Comb your hair to maintain a pleasing look.
For girls, hair clip to keep your hair in place. For boys, applying hair gel, wax
to fix your hair.
83
6. Take good care of your armpits and private area. The armpits, and the
private areas of your body perspire easily because of their poor ventilation. That
is why, they should be washed daily or as the need arises with mild soap and
lukewarm water. They should always be keep dry and clean as well. You may
use a separate towel to gently dry this body parts.
LIST OF LINKS
Let’s LEARN:
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S1QsdnxWQ4U
Let’s DEVELOP:
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zh7CACofsio
84
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 23

1. How are you going to take good care of your ears?
a. use cotton buds in cleaning b. put small objects inside c. use pointed
object in cleaning
2. What is considered by many to be their crowning glory?

a. fair skin b. smile c. hair
3. Which of the following shows taking good care of the hair?

a. Use any kind of comb.
b. Dry your hair with a clean towel.
c. Wash your hair with shampoo and clean water once a week.
4. Which of the following shows taking good care of the mouth?

a. Brush your teeth once a day.
b.Use a toothpaste with fluoride.
c. Massage your gums by using hard bristle toothbrush.
5. Which of the following shows taking good care of the skin?

a. Take a bath once a week.
b. Use warm water.
c. Use mild soap when washing.
and F for false.
1. Protein builds and repairs body tissues.
2. Carbohydrates provide immediate energy needed by the body to the
daily activities.
3. Vitamins and minerals regulate body processes such as strengthening
the immune system, healing of wounds, and building strong bones, among
others.
4. Fat provides the heat needed by the body.
5. Exercise is a physical activity that stimulates bad blood circulation.
85
LESSON 24
TOPIC: REPAIRING WORN-OUT PARTS OF CLOTHES
Tools in Repairing Worn-Out Parts of Clothes

Repairing the worn-out the success of this activity. Some of the common
sewing tools needed in hand stitching are shown below.
A. Measuring Tools
1. Ruler is used to measure short sizes and connect straight lines.
2. Tape measure is used in taking body measurement.
B. Cutting Tools
1. Cutting shear has a length of 8 to 9 inches. It is used for cutting long
fabrics.
2. Scissors is shorter than shears. It is used for shaping short curves,
trimming, and cutting buttonholes.
3. Ripping or thread clip scissor has short blades used for ripping of
stitches and seams.
4. Trimming scissors is used for cutting and trimming threads.
5. Seam ripper is a wire rod with a hook in one end, which is used to
remove the seams or stitches.
C. Marking Tools
1. Tailor’s chalk is used to transfer the marks from the pattern to the
fabric.
2. Pencil is used to mark the pattern on the fabric in the absence of a
tailor’s chalk.
3. Tracing wheel is used together with the carbon paper to transfer
pattern marks on the fabric.
D. Other Sewing Tools
1. Pins are used to hold the pieces of temporary materials together, such
as the pattern paper and the fabric.
2. Hand needle is used for making stitches and buttonholes.
3. Thimble is used to push the needle and to protect the middle finger
from getting pricked.
4. Emery bag is a small sand bag that leans the rusty and sticky pins and
needles.
5. Pin cushion is used to hold the pins and needles when they are not in
use.
6. Thread is used to keep the fabrics together.
7. Sewing box is a container where all the tools and materials in sewing
are placed.
LIST OF LINKS
Link: https://youtu.be/VkbyfpCyEnI
Link: https://youtu.be/gvuIVm-Mgl0
86
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 24


1. What is used to transfer the marks from the pattern to the fabric?
a. Emery bag b. Tailor’s chalk c. Sewing box
2. What is used together with the carbon paper to transfer pattern marks on the
fabric?
a. Tracing wheel b. Hand needle c. Pencil
3. What is used to push the needle and to protect the middle finger from getting
pricked?
a. Thimble b. Tailor’s chalk c. tracing wheel
4. What is used to hold the pins and needles when they are not in use?
a. Tracing wheel b. Pencil c. Pin cushion
5. What is used to keep the fabrics together?

a. Tailor’s chalk b. Thimble c. Thread
and F for false.
1. Trimming scissors is used for cutting and trimming threads.

2. Ruler is used to measure short sizes and connect straight lines.
3. Ruler is used to remove the seams or stitches.
4. Thread clip scissor has short blades used for ripping of stitches and
seams.
5. Tape measure is used in taking body measurement.
87
LESSON 25
TOPIC: UNDERSTANDING PUBERTY
Puberty is the transition period between childhood and adolescence. This

period in life usually starts around 9 to 10 years old and continues until the age
of 15 to 16 years old. There are cases in which some people are still in this
transition. As late as 18 years old. There are cases in which some people are still
in this transition period as late as 18 years old. Puberty is the time when the
production of hormones by the endocrine glands is higher. Hormones are
chemicals that are made by glands that cause changes and the body. The
pituitary gland is responsible for prompting the other organs to start making
hormones. These hormones are released into the bloodstream, and flow to the
other organs to stimulate growth and to regulate the functions and activities of
the body.
During the puberty stage, the reproductive organs are active in producing
hormones such as testosterone four boys and estrogen and progesterone for
girls. These hormones trigger the people undergoing puberty to change
physically, emotionally, intellectually and socially.
Emotional, Intellectual, and Social Changes
During puberty, boys and girls experience changes and the way they think,
act, feel, and interact with other people. These are signs that they are becoming
matured individuals. Maturity refers to behavioural changes from the way of
person thinks, feels, and acts. It is a time when the young people begin to
establish their identity, seek independence, and developed significant
relationships with other people aside from their family. You should be aware of
this changes to better understand yourself and to easily accept the changes in
you. Boys and girls also start to be emotionally independent from their parents
during puberty. There will be times when you do not understand what you want
and what you feel. You will want your parents or the other people around you to
always agree with you. This happens simply because you are still confused,
bothered, or challenge to accept and adapt to the changes that you are
experiencing. This is also true in your relationships with other people like your
siblings, friends and classmates.
When you are in puberty stage, you will learn how to embrace the changes
in yourself. Otherwise, you will have a hard time overcoming this stage.
Acceptance to change takes time. The following are the behavioural changes that
take place during puberty.
1. Emotional change. Both genders become more sensitive and conscious

about their looks. They experience mood swings. They are responsive to rewards
and eager to try new things.
88
2. Intellectual change. Both genders experience boredom with their usual
activities. They think less of themselves and become more focused on what they
want to do and achieve. They prefer to study their lessons with their friends or
learning partners. They gradually learn to become independent by making their
own decisions and choices and life.
3. Social change. Both gender tend to spend more time with their friends
rather than with their family. They look for new experiences together with their
friends and classmates.
Physical Changes in Boys
1. The skin gets oily. The sweat glands are very active in producing oil, which
blocks the pores. This causes pimples, acne, whiteheads, and blackheads. The
most affected part of the body is the face, but this can also be seen on the
chest, back, and other body parts.
2. Body hair starts to grow on the face, chest, legs, underarms and genital areas.
3. The jaw gets bigger and the face gets longer. These changes make boys look
more mature.
4. The shoulders and chest become wider during puberty. A healthy v-
shaped figure in boys can be achieved with proper diet and exercise. However, if
one eats more than the required amount of food without exercise, his stomach
can also get bigger.
5. There is a notable height increase of several inches in a short period of
time. This is called growth spurt.
6. The voice becomes bigger and deeper. It happens when the larynx or the
voice box grows. During this process, cracking of voice can be experienced
frequently.
7. The Adam's apple develops and becomes more noticeable in the front of the
neck. However, not all boys develop a more noticeable Adam's apple even after
undergoing puberty.
8. Perspiration causes stronger smell due to the secretion of chemicals through
the sweat glands from the inside of the body.
9. The weight increases as the muscles develop and become bigger.
Physical Changes in Girls

1. The hips become broader. The body also gets some curves. The muscles
become slightly developed but are not as noticeable as the muscles of boys.
2. The breast develop and become bigger. This process might be a little bit
painful for girls but normal.
3. The skin gets oily. This block the pores which results the pimples, acne,
blackheads, or whiteheads.
4. The hair becomes oily too. Hair also grows and other body parts such as the
under arms, legs, and genital area, but not as thick and coarse compared to the
boys.
89
5. When doing physical activities, perspiration produces a strong smell. Proper
hygiene should be observed to avoid body odour.
6. There is a height increase of several inches in a short period of time.
The changes in the body mentioned above are generally true to most boys
and girls under normal conditions however, these changes may occur differently
from one individual to another.
You should not be worried if you are already experiencing these changes
in your body, even if it seems too early at your age now. Remember that every
person has his or her own calendar of when the changes will start to happen and
when this will be completed. Accepting our own body will help develop self-
confidence.
LIST OF LINKS
Let’s LEARN:
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=du8siPJ1ZKo
Let’s DEVELOP:
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z9vEuN6mXoc
Let’s LEARN:
Let’s DEVELOP:
90
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 25

1. What causes pimples, acne, whiteheads, and blackheads?
a. Oily skin b. height increase c. body odor
2. What should be observed to avoid body odour?

a. proper toothbrush b. proper hygiene c. proper
sleep
3. What is known as the notable height increase of several inches in a short

period of time?
a. growth process b. growth span c. growth
spurt
4. What happens to the voice when the larynx or the voice box grows in boys?
a. becomes bigger and deeper b. becomes wider and deeper c. becomes
soft
5. What changes in boys make them look more mature?

a. oily hair b. curvy body c. jaw gets bigger
and F for false.
1. Puberty is the transition period between childhood and adolescence.
2. During puberty stage, both genders become more sensitive and
conscious about their looks.
3. Maturity refers to behavioral changes from the way of person thinks,
feels, and acts.
4. During puberty stage, girls prefer to study their lessons with their
siblings.
5. During puberty stage, both genders tend to spend more time with their
friends rather than with their family.
91
LESSON 26
TOPIC: Keeping Oneself Well Groomed and Healthy
A. Dealing with Hair Issues

1. Oily Hair. During puberty, the sebaceous gland in each strand of the
hair produces extra oil, which makes it very shiny, oily, greasy, and dirty.
Washing one’s hair with mild shampoo and warm water everyday can lessen the
production of oil. Gently rub your hair with your chosen shampoo using your
hands from the roots to tips.
2. Dry and curly hair. Dry hair is more fragile than oily hair. The
shampoo to be used should be intended for dry hair. Applying conditioner adds
moisture and replaces the oil that has been washed away. It will also make the
hair clean and shiny. Be extra careful in using heat styling products and services
like blow drying, ironing, and hair spraying for it may cause too much dryness
and damage to one’s hair.
3. Hair with dandruff. Dandruff is a common hair issue among boys and
girls during puberty. These flakes can cause itchiness in the scalp .It can be
treated using an anti-dandruff shampoo that contains salicylic acid, zinc, tars or
selenium sulphide. Failure to properly use any hair chemicals for treatment will
result to hair problems, such as hair breakage and hair loss.
4. Hair styling. Boys like to use wax, clay or gel in styling their hair.
However, these hair products may have styling formulas that might cause too
much dryness or oiliness in their hair. Choose a styling product that contains
natural ingredients that are suitable for the type of hair and style.
Girls are more conscious with their hair than boys. They spend
longer time fixing their hair than boys. They regularly went to salons for hair
modifications or treatments. Hair rebonding, hair spa, and hot oil treatment, are
some of the usual hair services that girls avail.
Other ways in taking care of hair are the following:

1. Prevent split ends by trimming the hair for girls with long hair.
2. Apply hair conditioner to treat the damaged hair. Use a wide-toothed comb to
distribute the conditioner evenly on the hair. Rinse well to finish.
3. Eat healthy and nutritious food.
4. Gently rub your wet hair with a bath towel to dry. Too much rubbing will
damage your hair and scalp.
5. Use a brush with smooth tips for dry hair and a wide-toothed comb for wet
hair.
6. Avoid putting too much chemicals in one’s hair.
7. Have a personal hair comb or brush. Do not allow anyone to use your comb.
8. Massage your scalp as you comb your hair. This promotes good blood
circulation on the scalp.
9. Do not rub your scalp with your fingers or comb to remove dandruff.
92
10. Achieve an 8-hour sleep every day to make your hair healthy.
B. Dealing with Sweat and Body Odor
Here are some quick tips on how to avoid body odor.
1. Always bring with you a handkerchief or a face towel. Wipe one’s sweat using
a clean towel to lessen the chances of having a body odor.
2. Take a bath using a mild soap regularly.
3. Gently dry your skin using a clean bath towel.
4. Apply deodorant after taking a bath.
5. Wear clean and dry clothes. Make sure that your socks, underwear, and
undershirt are clean before using them. Moreover, cotton clothes are
recommended to use because they absorb sweat and allow air to pass through
them, which makes the clothes cooler and comfortable to wear.
6. Use a bath soap that eliminates dirt and bacteria accumulated in the skin. The
bacteria can produce body odor.
7. Wear clean clothes that are washed with fabric conditioner. It will keep you
smell fresh and good throughout the day.
8. Apply cologne or perfume.
9. Keep your body dry from oil by applying by mild powder.
LIST OF LINKS
Let’s LEARN:
Link: https://youtu.be/akA8qcXgxyk
Let’s DEVELOP:
Link: https://youtu.be/g96z1P3z5yU
Let’s LEARN:
Let’s DEVELOP:
93
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 26

A. Directions: Identify whether the statement is true or false. Write T for true
and F for false.
1. Girls are more conscious with their hair than boys.
2. Hair products may have styling formulas that might cause too much
dryness or oiliness in the hair.
3. Dandruff is a common hair issue among boys and girls during puberty.
4. Dry hair is more fragile than oily hair.
5. Sebaceous gland in each strand of the hair produces extra oil during
puberty.
6. Bacteria can produce body odor.
7. Wiping one’s sweat using a clean towel can lessen the chances of having
a body odor.
8. Clothes that are washed with fabric conditioner will keep you smell fresh.
9. Mild powder will keep your body dry from oil.
10. Cotton clothes are recommended to use because they absorb sweat and
allow air to pass through.
94
LESSON 27
TOPIC: MANAGING FAMILY RESOURCES
Family resources refers to material and nonmaterial assets or possessions of

each member of the family, which are used to satisfy their needs and wants.
These resources are also used to perform and accomplish individual tasks.
Material resources or nonhuman resources include tangible asset or possession
of the family such of the following:
1. Money is used to buy other resources. It can be earned by the family by

working in a company or running a business.
2. Properties include land, houses, cars, furniture, fixtures and appliances,
among others. These resources give comfort and relaxation to the family. The
more properties the family have, the higher their status will be in the society.
Families with high income can afford to buy more properties as compared to
those families with lower income.
3. Products refer to consumable and non-consumable resources that satisfy
the needs and wants of every individual. Consumable products include perishable
and non-perishable goods, whereas non-consumable products include clothes
and cooking tools among others.
4. Facilities are found in the community. These include schools, roads, parks,
health centres, and hospitals, among others. These facilities provide the
educational, social, medical, and other needs of the family.
5. Environment consists of natural resources and living things such as
land, water, soil, animals, fish, and plants. It sustains life on earth. The family
should take care of the resources in the environment for they will provide the
basic needs of man to survive.
The non-material resources or human resources are intangible assets or

possession inherited or acquired by each member of the family. Days include the
following:
1. Skills like baking, cooking, and sewing can be used for home making
activities and when putting up a family business.
2. Knowledge can be acquired by learning in school, watching and formative
videos, and reading books, newspaper, and online articles.
3. Energy is acquired by living a healthy lifestyle through proper eating and
exercise. Like cars, one's body also needs fuel to start and function properly. The
fuel represents the energy needed by humans to perform daily work.
4. Attitude of a person has an effect on his or her own performance at work. A
person with a positive or favourable attitude towards work can produce quality
outputs with fewer resources consumed. Whereas, a person with a negative
attitude towards work is prone to commit mistakes and produce undesirable
outcomes. This leads to repetition of work and waste of resources.
95
Basic and Social Needs of a Family
Family is the basic unit of the society. When families are functional, the society
where they belong is also successful. A strong and wealthy nation is composed
of productive citizens who are members of the respective families. It is in the
family where the individual forms the foundation of his or her attitude,
behaviour, and knowledge. Each member of the family should perform their
tasks and responsibilities to fulfil the role of the family in nation building. To do
so the members must be motivated to work hard and to make efforts. This can
be possible if all the families can sustain their needs for survival.
The basic needs of a typical Filipino family are the following:
1. Money to buy the needs and basic necessities
2. Clean environment to keep the body free from any diseases and sickness
3. Shelter for privacy and security
4. Food and water to nourish the body
5. Clothes to protect the body
Some of the social needs of the family are the following:
1. Medical services for health related concerns
2. Work or employment to earn a living
3. Communication to transfer knowledge and information
4. Transportation for comfortable transfer from one place to another
5. Education to cure ignorance
6. Relationship to feel love and belongingness
LIST OF LINKS
Let’s LEARN:
Link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8uJQPo8yq0
Let’s DEVELOP:
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IbnfUIvRuXo
96
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 27


1. What is the basic unit of the society?
a. Government b. Family c. Relatives
2. What basic need of a typical Filipino family used to protect the body?
a. Transportation b.Clothes c. Shelter
3. What to basic need of a typical Filipino family nourished the body?
a. Medical Services b. Education c. Food and water
4. What basic need of a typical Filipino family used to transfer knowledge and
information?
a. Relationship b. Communication c. Employment
5. What basic need of a typical Filipino family keeps the body free from any
diseases and sickness?
a. Clean Environment b. Shelter c. Money
and F for false.
1. Knowledge can be acquired by learning in school only.
2. The attitude of a person has an effect on his or her own performance at
work.
3. Family resources refers to material and nonmaterial assets or
possessions of each member of the family.
4. Products refer to consumable and non-consumable resources that
satisfy the needs and wants of every individual.
5. Properties include land, houses, cars, furniture, fixtures and appliances,
among others.
97
LESSON 28
TOPIC: EXPLAINING TIME AND ENERGY AS IMPORTANT RESOURCES
OF THE FAMILY
Work simplification describes the making of daily tasks easier in order to

reduce strain or to decrease the amount energy required to complete an activity.
Work simplification means thinking about the task and how it could be done
differently to save you energy.
Working “smart” can allow you to get more done and be less tired.
Reducing Workload. Only do tasks that really need doing (for example, iron only
when needed) Organizing. Get rid of clutter. Pacing Yourself. Prioritize
the work that needs to be completed.
The advantages of work simplification are the following:

1. Doing of tasks the easiest way around.
2. Using least amount of energy.
3. Accomplishing the task within the shortest time.
4. Achieving balance between work, rest and pray.
Decreasing the Stress on Your Body

 Do jobs sitting down.
 Push rather than pull.
 Lift from the legs and not from your back.
 Avoid stretching, bending and twisting.
 Use a cart, tote, or basket to gather things.
 Work at the right height.
 Push or slide things; avoid carrying.
 Carry items close to your body.
ENERGY CONSERVATION AND WORK SIMPLIFICATION TIPS
 Minimize steps in any task: plan ahead!

 Use labor saving equipment such as a long handled reacher, sock aide,
elastic shoe laces
 Avoid over reaching and bending by keeping often used items within easy
reach
 Use both arms and hands when lifting, carrying, pushing and pulling
 Use good posture and body mechanics
 Use a wheeled cart to transport items around the house
 Sit during time consuming tasks-hygiene/kitchen tasks
 Do not lift when you can push or pull
98
 Avoid rushing; rushing uses more energy; take your time, breathe, relax
 Plan schedule to allow for rest periods
 Work at a slow to moderate pace
 Allow time for relaxation between exercises
 Alternate between heavy and light tasks throughout the day or week
 Set priorities, eliminate unnecessary tasks
 Ask for help when possible
POSITIONING
 Avoid bending at the waist, raising arms over head and general vigorous
movements.
 Sit down whenever possible.
 Raise level of work to avoid stooping.
 Do not work too low, kneel if unavoidable.
 Use long handled tools to avoid stooping.
LIFTING TECHNIQUES
 Avoid carrying or lifting heavy articles, or use a trolley.
 Slide rather than lift.
 Keep things at an easy reaching height.
 Do not bend or twist your back.
 Get as close to the object as possible.
 Stand with your feet slightly apart and one in front of the other in the direction
you are going.
 Bend with your knees and hips only.
 Keep your arms straight and the object close to your body.
HOUSEWORK
 Plan the week’s housework of heavy activities for different days. e.g. washing
 Alternate heavy and light activities through the day and allow for rests.
 Set weekly and daily realistic goals.
 Let other members of the family or friends help. e.g. meal preparation,
shopping.
 Use long handled brooms and squeegy to do the floors.
 Use a kitchen trolley or wagon to carry heavier things from room to room.
 Have beds away from walls and castors on them to make bed-making easier.
 Avoid putting objects at ground level. Place them on the bench, table or chair.
 Use the vacuum cleaner with slow rhythmic movements and keep the
attachments in your pocket or bench level.
 Carpet sweepers require less effort.
 Dust high surfaces with a long handled duster.
COOKING
 Plan the meal and the cooking method.
 Place ingredients and all food to be prepared on the work bench or table.
 Have articles and food that is used often, at an easy reaching height.
 Keep mixers, jug, toaster etc. on the bench.
99
 Cook roasts in an oven-bag, to save cleaning the oven. Use a little water
instead of fat.
 If possible have the stove next to the bench and at the same height, so that
you slide pots instead of lifting them.
 Have a small foot-stool or ladder to get to higher shelves. Get onto your knees
for things in low cupboards.
 Sit or perch at the bench or table with feet firmly on the floor. Open a
cupboard door if necessary for knee space.
 If the stove is not near the bench, load a kitchen trolley with prepared food
and take to the stove or oven. Remember to bend knees to put the food in the
oven.
 Sit if possible to wash/dry dishes.
LAUNDRY
 Wash smaller quantities or do a wash more often.
 Use a stick to get washing out of the machine or tub.
 When hanging out the washing use a trolley or put the washing basket on a
chair to save bending and lifting.
 If plastic pegs are used leave them on the line.
 Fold washing as you take it off the line, as it saves handling it twice, the
clothes will then need little or no ironing.
 If buying a washing machine, get the type which loads from the top.
 The best type of clothesline is one, which can be wound up and down
 Have the washing machine and tub placed close together.
IRONING
 Iron as little as possible i.e. not sheets, tea-towels, towels or acrylic clothing.
 Use a steam iron if possible.
 Sit to iron, using a stool the same height as the ironing board or table.
LINK
Let’s LEARN:
Link: https://youtube.com/watch?v=MFmrBySmnGI&feature=share
100
JHS: 03 S. 2021; SHS 02 S. 2021
SCHOOL ID: 408387
DRILL 28

Directions: Identify whether the statement is true or false. Write T for true and
F for false.
1. Work simplification describes the making of daily tasks easier in order to
reduce strain.
2. Working “smart” can allow you to get more done and be less tired.
3. Work simplification means thinking about the task and how it could be
done differently to save you energy.
4. Doing jobs sitting down will decrease the stress on your body.
5. Lifting from the legs and not from your back will decrease the stress on
your body.
6. Sliding rather than lifting will simplify work.
7. Washing smaller quantities of clothes will simplify work.
8. Keeping things at an easy reaching height will simplify work.
9. Having beds away from walls and castors will simplify work.
10 Placing ingredients and all food to be prepared on the work bench or

table will simplify work.
101

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LESSON 1

TOPIC: IDENTIFYING THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ENTREPRENEUR

Entrepreneurship – a way of exchanging products or services.

Entrepreneurship brings many benefits to one’s country. It makes the

1. Confident and enthusiastic

Title: Entrepreneur vs. Entrepreneurship

Title: Qualities of a successful entrepreneur

Title: Qualities of an Entrepreneur

Title: Cha-Ching: Entrepreneur

Title: Top 20 Best Small Business Ideas for Beginners in 2020

Name: Gr. & Sec. Date:

1. The _ must be strategically planned and convenient for

Name: Gr. & Sec. Date:

Name of the Business Products or Services

Title: Top 20 Best Small Business Ideas for Beginners in 2020

Name: Gr. & Sec. Date:

A. Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Who develop a software which is now called as the Microsoft Windows

2. Whois one of the co-founders of Facebook which was launched in 2004.

a. Bill Gates b. Henry Sy c.Mark Elliot Zuckerberg

a. Henry Sy b.Bill Gates c.Mark Elliot Zuckerberg

4. Who work in a packaging factory of bubble gum and cigarette during

a. Henry Sy b.Socorro Ramos c. Bill Gates

a.Tony Tan Caktiong b.Henry Sy c. Mark Elliot Zuckerberg

Name: Gr. & Sec. Date:

1. Convert 25% into decimals. Divide 25 by 100 to get the answer.

Item Capital Price Mark up Selling Price

Embutido Php 400.00 Php 100.00 Php 500.00

AGENCIES INVOLVED IN PLANNING A BUSINESS:

Name: Gr. & Sec. Date:

2. Capital Price: Php250.00 Mark up Percentage: (10%) Selling Price: Php ?

3. Capital Price: Php500.00 Mark up Percentage: (50%) Selling Price: Php ?

2. It is responsible for registering the name of the business.

3. It is responsible for any food marketing operating service in the

4. It is a government agency that requires the business to register if it

Name: Gr. & Sec. Date:

Printed Media Advertisements:

Newspaper. It is the most common media that can be used to advertise

Invitation card. This is a privilege card given by the company’s customers.

Tarpaulin. This is one of the most expensive investments in promoting

Postcard. This is a traditional printed media that promote a place, landmark,

Billboards. These are strategically placed in establishments such as buildings,

Logo. It is an image or a graphic more used by many organizations, groups,

Famous logos and their meanings:

Volkswagen. Explains a very obvious definition of the product. The letter V

Name: Gr. & Sec. Date:

2. What traditional printed media promotes a place, landmark, people,

1. It has a logo that simply means the people's car.

2. It has an arrow pointed from letter A to Z explains that the website

Name: Gr. & Sec. Date:

Computer – an electronic device designed to manipulate data and to gather,

1. Hardware- tangible or physical part of the computer, which can be perceived

Speed. Unlike other machines a computer is able to multitask and can

Importance of a Computer, Internet, and E-mail

Important guidelines in using computer and internet the following are

Title: Components of Computer System

Title: Life Before And After The Compute

Name: Gr. & Sec. Date:

1. It is intangible or commonly known as a program installed in the computer,

3. It is a feature of a computer that provide an exact, correct, and concise output

4. It is a feature of a computer that able to multitask and can accomplish a task

5. It is a feature of a computer to do and accomplish anything on its own.

Name: Gr. & Sec. Date: