GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, JALGAON-425002

(An Autonomous Institute of Govt. of Maharashtra)NAAC and NBA accredited

Year 2022-23

A SEMINAR REPORT

“REVOLUTIONARY MECHANISM FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY

STORAGE”

By
Pushkaraj Mahesh Sant (PRN:1901047)

Guided by Prof. V.N.Mahajan

(Assistant Professor in Department of Mechanical Engineering)

i
 GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, JALGAON 425002

Department of Mechanical Engineering

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Seminar entitled, “REVOLUTIONARY MECHANISM FOR

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY STORAGE”, which is being submitted here with for the award of
B.TECH., is the result of the work completed by PUSHKARAJ MAHESH SANT under my
supervision and guidance within the four walls of the institute and the same has not been submitted
elsewhere for the award of any degree.

Prof. V. N. Mahajan Prof. Dr. M. K. SONPIMPALE

(Seminar Guide) (Head of Department)

(Assistant Professor in Department of (Department of Mechanical Engg.)

Mechanical Engg.)

Dr. G. M. Malawatkar

(Principal)

ii
 DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the seminar report entitled “REVOLUTIONARY MECHANISM FOR
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY STORAGE” was carried out and written by me under the guidance of
Prof. V. N. Mahajan, Assistant Professor in Department of Mechanical Engineering, Govt. College
of Engineering, Jalgaon. The work has not been previously formed the basis for the award of any
degree or diploma or certificate nor has been submitted elsewhere for the award of any degree.

Place: Jalgaon
Date: 16/05/2023

iii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is my proud privilege and duty to acknowledge the kind of help and guidance received
from several people in preparation of this report. It would not have been possible to prepare this
report in this form without their valuable help, cooperation and guidance. I am thankful to the
Honourable Principal, Prof. G. M. Malwatkar sir for having taken interest in all the activities related
to studies.

Our sincere thanks Prof. V. N. Mahajan (Assistant Professor in Department of Mechanical

Engg.), for his valuable suggestions and guidance throughout the period of this report. I express my
sincere gratitude to our guidefor guiding us in investigations for this seminar and in carrying out
experimental work

I would also like to thank staff members and non-teaching staff of the Mechanical
Department and other department, family and friends for their timely help and encouragement.

iv
 ABSTRACT

The demand for sustainable energy storage has rapidly increased over the past few decades
due to the depletion of traditional energy sources and the need for a more eco-friendly approach.
This seminar report discusses various revolutionary mechanisms for sustainable energy storage,
including batteries, supercapacitors, pumped hydro storage, compressed air energy storage,
flywheels, and thermal energy storage.

The report covers recent trends and research in each of these mechanisms, including the
development of new materials and designs for batteries and supercapacitors, advancements in the
efficiency and scalability of pumped hydro storage and compressed air energy storage, the use of
magnetic bearings and nanotechnology in flywheels, and the utilization of phase change materials
and thermal energy storage in building and transportation applications.

The report also explores the advantages and disadvantages of each mechanism, as well as
their potential impact on the future of sustainable energy storage. Overall, this seminar report
provides a comprehensive overview of the current state and future prospects of revolutionary
mechanisms for sustainable energy storage.

v
 CONTENT
Chapter Title Page No
No.
ii
Certificate

Declaration iii

Acknowledgement iv

Abstract v

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Batteries

1.2 Supercapacitors

1.3 Pumped Hydro Storage

1.4 Compressed Air Energy Storage

1.5 Flywheels

1.6 Thermal Energy Storage

2 Literacy survey 3

3 Batteries 4

3.1 Recent Trends and Research on New Batteries

3.2 Comparative Analysis of Newly Discovered or
Improved Batteries
4 Supercapacitors 7

4.1 Working
4.2 Recent Trends in Supercapacitors
4.3 New Research in Supercapacitors
4.4 Comparative Analysis
4.5 Recent Research and Development

5 Pumped Hydro Storage 11

5.1 Types of PHS

5.2 Recent Trends
5.3 New Research
5.4 Comparative Analysis

vi
6 14
Compressed Air Energy Storage

6.1 Types of Compressed air Energy storage system

6.2 Comparison
6.3 Recent Trends and Research on Compressed Air
Energy Storage
6.4 Conclusion

7 Flywheels 18

7.1 Designs and Types of Flywheels

7.2 Recent Trends
7.3 Research
7.4 Comparative Analysis
7.5 Applications of Flywheels:
7.6 Conclusion
8 Thermal Energy Storage 22

8.1 Types of Thermal Energy Storage

8.2 Recent Trends and Research:
8.3 Comparative Analysis
9 Case studies 24

9.1 Tesla's South Australia Battery Project

9.2 Thermal Energy Storage in Concentrated Solar
Power Plants
10 Conclusion 25

11 Reference 26

vii
 List of Tables

Table No. Title Page No

3.1 8
Comparison of batteries
4.1 Comparison of types of Supercapacitors 13

5.1 Comparison between types of FPS 15

6.1 Comparison between types of Compressed Air 21

Energy Storage
7.1 Comparison between types of Flywheel 24

viii