Name of Drug Frequency/Route/ Mechanism of Indication Contraindication Side effect/ Nursing Responsibility

administration: Action Adverse reaction

Generic Name: Before:
5 mg/kg up to 300 mg The antimicrobial For the treatment of Isoniazid is  signs of an  Always wash
Isoniazid daily in a single dose; activity of INH is all forms of contraindicated in allergic hands thoroughly
or 15 mg/kg up to 900 selective for tuberculosis in which patients who develop reaction (hives, and disinfect
Brand Name: mg/day, two or three mycobacteria, likely organisms are severe hypersensitivity difficult equipment
times/week due to its ability to susceptible. reactions, including breathing, (whirlpools,
Nydrazid inhibit mycolic acid drug induced hepatitis; swelling in your electrotherapeutic
Route: synthesis, which Isoniazid is used to previous isoniazid- face or throat) devices,
Taken orally interferes with cell treat and to prevent associated hepatic treatment tables,
Classification: wall synthesis, tuberculosis (TB). injury; severe adverse  severe skin and so forth) to
thereby producing a reactions to isoniazid reaction (fever, help prevent the
Antituberculosis bactericidal effect. It is also used alone such as drug fever, sore throat, spread of
agents to prevent active TB chills, arthritis; and burning in your infection. Employ
At therapeutic levels infections in people acute liver disease of eyes, skin pain, universal
isoniazid is who may be infected any etiology. red or purple precautions or
bactericidal against with the bacteria skin rash that isolation
actively growing (people with positive  caloric spreads and procedures as
intracellular and TB skin test). undernutrition. causes indicated for
extracellular Isoniazid is an  a type of joint blistering and specific patients.
Mycobacterium antibiotic and works disorder due to peeling).  Perform
tuberculosis by stopping the excess uric appropriate
organisms. growth of acid in the  CNS: susceptibility
Specifically, isoniazid bacteria.This blood called psychosis, tests before
inhibits InhA, the antibiotic treats only gout. seizures. initiation of
enoyl reductase from bacterial infections  alcoholism. therapy and
Mycobacterium  a painful  EENT: visual periodically
tuberculosis, by condition that disturbances. thereafter to
forming a covalent affects the detect possible
adduct with the NAD nerves in the  GI: DRUG- bacterial
cofactor. legs and arms INDUCED resistance.
called HEPATITIS,  Advise patient to
peripheral nausea, take medication
neuropathy. vomiting. once daily, as
 acute liver indicated, and not
failure.  Derm: rashes. to skip doses or
 recurring liver Endo: double up on
problems. gynecomastia. missed dose.
 liver problems. During
 Hemat: blood  Monitor liver
 severe liver
dyscrasias. function tests.
disease  Neuro:  Monitor for
peripheral therapeutic
neuropathy. effectiveness:
Misc: fever. Evident within the
first 2–3 wk of
therapy. Over
90% of patients
receiving optimal
therapy have
negative sputum
by the sixth
month.
 Monitor for visual
disturbance. An
eye examination
may be
warranted.
 Monitor BP
during period of
dosage
adjustment.
Some experience
orthostatic
hypotension;
therefore, caution
against rapid
positional
changes.
 Watch for
seizures; notify
physician
immediately if
patient develops
or increases
seizure activity.
After:
 Check weight at
least twice
weekly under
standard
conditions.
 Caution patient to
 avoid alcohol
during this
therapy as this
may increase the
risk of
hepatotoxicity.
 Advise patient to
notify the
physician
promptly if s/sx of
hepatitis or
peripheral neuritis
occur.
 Instruct patient
and
family/caregivers
to report other
troublesome side
effects such as
severe or
prolonged fever,
skin rash, vision
problems, breast
enlargement in
men, or GI
problems
(nausea,
vomiting).

Name of Drug Frequency/Route/ Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side effect/ Nursing
administration: Adverse reaction Responsibility
Generic Name: Before:
capsule: Inhibits RNA synthesis An antibiotic used to  Hypersensitivit • signs of an  Consult
Rifampicin  150 mg by blocking RNA treat several types of y to rifamycins allergic reaction pharmacist for
 300 mg transcription in mycobacterial  Concomitant (hives, difficult rifampicin
susceptible infections including administration breathing, swelling in suspension for
Brand Name:
10 mg/kg/day PO or organisms. Mycobacterium avium of live bacterial your face or throat) patients unable
10 mg/kg PO twice Therapeutic Effects: complex, leprosy, and vaccines to swallow
Rifadin Bactericidal action in combination with • severe skin capsules.
weekly (directly  Contraindicate
observed therapy against susceptible other antibacterial to d in patients reaction (fever, sore  Prepare patient
[DOT]); not to exceed organisms. Rifampin treat latent or active throat, burning in your for the reddish-
Classification: 600 mg/day acts via the inhibition tuberculosis. receiving eyes, skin pain, red or orange coloring
of DNA-dependent ritonavir- purple skin rash that of body fluids
Antitubercular RNA polymerase, This antibiotic treats boosted spreads and causes (urine, sweat,
agents leading to a only bacterial saquinavir, blistering and peeling). sputum, tears,
suppression of RNA infections. It will not because of feces, saliva);
synthesis and cell work for viral increased risk Heartburn, abdominal soft contact
death. infections (such as of severe pain, loss of appetite, lenses may be
common cold, flu). hepatocellular nausea, vomiting, primarily
toxicity yellowing skin and stained; advise
Active tuberculosis  Contraindicate eyes (jaundice), gas patients not to
(with other agents). d in patients (flatulence), cramps wear them
receiving Diarrhea, elevated during therapy.
Elimination of atazanavir, liver function test  Perform liver
meningococcal darunavir, (LFT) results, hepatitis function studies
carriers. fosamprenavir, deficiency of platelets in patients who
saquinavir, or in the blood, are to receive
tipranavir, discoloration of the rifampicin.
because skin, brain bleed During:
rifampin may fatalities, abnormal  Administer on an
cause clotting of the blood, empty stomach,
substantial destruction of red 1 hour before or
decreases in blood cells, low red 2 hours after
plasma blood cell count, meals.
concentrations headache, fever,  Administer in a
of these drowsiness, fatigue, single daily
antiviral drugs, loss of full control of dose.
which may body movements,  Assess for
result in loss of dizziness, inability to contraindications
antiviral concentrate, mental to the various
efficacy or confusion, behavioral agents,
development of changes, muscular conditions for
viral resistance. weakness, pain in cautious use,
extremities, and potential
generalized drug
numbness, visual interactions.
disturbances,  Report onset of
menstrual jaundice,
disturbances, elevated hypersensitivity
BUN, elevated serum reactions, and
uric acid, flushing, persistence of
itching, rash GI adverse
severe itching, hives, effects to
sore mouth, sore physician.
tongue, pink eye
acute allergic reaction
(anaphylaxis), swelling After:
 Instruct patient
to notify
physician if
discoloration
becomes
troublesome.
 Advise patient
about the
likelihood of GI
reactions
(nausea,
vomiting,
diarrhea,
flatulence,
abdominal pain,
heartburn).
 Instruct patient
to report severe
or prolonged GI
problems, or
signs of drug-
induced hepatitis
(loss of appetite,
yellow skin or
eyes, severe
nausea and
vomiting, fever,
sore throat,
malaise,
weakness, facial
edema).
 Arrange for
follow-up visits
for liver and
renal function
tests, CBC, and
ophthalmic
examination.