MECHANISM OF INDICATION/

DRUG NAME ADVERSE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

ACTION CONTRAINDICATION

AMIIKACIN Amikacin is a INDICATED TO:  All aminoglycosides have the potential to Before:
semisynthetic induce auditory, vestibular, and renal  Assess for hypersensitivity to aminoglycoside.
aminoglycoside  Bacterial septicemia Obtain specimens for culture and sensitivity
toxicity and neuromuscular blockade. They 
antibiotic derived including neonatal sepsis. tests.
BRAND NAME: occur more frequently in patients with
from kanamycin. present or past history of renal impairment,  Correct dehydration before therapy begins
 Serious infections of the resp
The addition of the of treatment with other ototoxic or because of increased risk of toxicity.
tract.
side chain renders it During:
nephrotoxic drugs, and in patients treated
resistant to  Infections of the bone &  Give a single dose (including loading dose)
for longer periods and/or with higher doses
joints. over at least 30-60 minutes by IV infusion
THERAPEUTIC degradation by most than recommended.  A rapid rise in serum amikacin level can cause
CLASS: aminoglycoside-
 Intra-abdominal infections Neurotoxicity-ototoxicity: Toxic effects on respiratory depression (neuromuscular
ANTIBIOTICS modifying enzymes. 
blockade) and other signs of toxicity
including peritonitis. the eighth cranial nerve can result in hearing
It binds irreversibly AFTER:
to the 30S subunit Burns & post-op infections. loss, loss of balance or both. Amikacin
  Document drug given
of the bacterial primarily affects auditory function.  Monitor for and report auditory symptoms
ribosome, blocking  Serious & complicated UTI Cochlear damage includes high frequency
PHARMACOLOGIC (tinnitus, roaring noises, sensation of fullness
protein synthesis by due to susceptible organisms. deafness and usually occurs before clinical in ears, hearing loss) and vestibular
CLASS:
AMINOGLYCOSIDES inhibiting the hearing loss can be detected. disturbances ( dizziness or vertigo, nystagmus,
 As initial therapy in
movement of suspected gm -ve infections ataxia)
 Neurotoxicity-Neuromuscular Note for adverse reactions after drug
peptidyl-tRNA before the results of

Blockage: Acute muscular paralysis and administration
associated with susceptibility testing are
translocation as well apnea can occur after treatment with  Tell patient’s SO’s to immediately report any
DOSAGE: obtained. aminoglycosides.
as increasing the unusual ties
15/mg/kg/day
frequency of CONTRAINDICATED TO:  Nephrotoxicity: Elevated serum creatinine,
misreading of the albuminuria, presence of casts, red and
genetic code owing  Known hypersensitivity to
ROUTE: amikacin and other white blood cells in the urine, azotemia, and
to incorrect codon- oliguria have been reported. Renal function
IV/IM components of this product.
anticodon changes are usually reversible when the
interaction. This  History of hypersensitivity or drug is discontinued.
leads to cell death. toxic reactions to
aminoglycosides.  Others: Rarely, skin rash, drug fever,
headache, paresthesia, tremor, nausea and
vomiting, eosinophilia, arthralgia, anemia,
hypotension, and hypomagnesemia.