Second Moment of Area (Moment of Inertia)

Pure bending of beams with uniform cross section Vertical gate completely submerged in water

F   ky dA  k  y dA F   gy dA  g  y dA

M   ky dA  y  k  y dA
2 M   gy dA  y  g  y 2 dA
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Second Moment of Area (Moment of Inertia)
I x   y 2 dA I y   x 2 dA

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Polar Moment of Inertia

Perpendicular axis theorem

Great importance in problems concerning the torsion of cylindrical shafts and

in problems dealing with the rotation of slabs

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 Parallel Axis Theorem
To determine the second moment of an area about an axis parallel to and located at a distance ‘d’ away
from a centroidal axis

I BB '   y ' dA
2

I AA'    y ' d  dA
2

  y '2 dA  2d  y ' dA  d 2  dA
 I BB '  0  d A 2

 I BB '  Ad 2

Engineering Mechanics: Dr. Rohan Bhasker 44

Radius of Gyration

I x  Arx
2

I y  Ary J o  Aro
2 2
Ix
rx  Jo
A Iy ro 
ry 
A A
Jo  Ix  I y
ro  rx  ry
2 2 2
Aro  Arx  Ary
2 2 2

Engineering Mechanics: Dr. Rohan Bhasker 45

Second Moment of Area (Moment of Inertia)
Rectangle

JO 
1
12

bh b 2  h 2 
Engineering Mechanics: Dr. Rohan Bhasker 46
Second Moment of Area (Moment of Inertia)

Second moment of the triangular area about an axis parallel to

the x axis and passing through the centroid
 I x  A y 
2

2
bh bh  h 
3
   
12 2 3
bh 3

36
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Second Moment of Area (Moment of Inertia)

Engineering Mechanics: Dr. Rohan Bhasker 48

Second Moment of Area (Moment of Inertia)
Determine the moments of inertia and the radii of
gyration of the given parabolic spandrel about the x
and y axis

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Second Moment of Area (Moment of Inertia)

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Second Moment of Composite Areas

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 Second Moment of Composite Areas
Determine the second moment of the shaded area
about (i) the x axis (ii) the y axis

I x  1.72  109 mm 4
I y  2.03  109 mm 4
Engineering Mechanics: Dr. Rohan Bhasker 52
Second Moment of Composite Areas

Engineering Mechanics: Dr. Rohan Bhasker 53

Product of Inertia

Unlike the moments of inertia Ix and Iy, the product of inertia Ixy can be positive,
negative, or zero.

When one or both of the x and y axes are axes of symmetry for the area A, the
product of inertia Ixy is zero.

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Principal Axes and Principal Moment of Inertia

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Principal Axes and Principal Moment of Inertia

The product of inertia of the given area with respect to its principal axes is
zero.

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Principal Axes and Principal Moment of Inertia

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Principal Axes and Principal Moment of Inertia

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Mass Moment of Inertia

Parallel axis Theorem

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Mass Moment of Inertia

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