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MISSION VISION CORE VALUES
CHRIST is a nurturing ground for an individual’s Excellence and Service Faith in God | Moral Uprightness
holistic development to make effective contribution to Love of Fellow Beings
the society in a dynamic environment Social Responsibility | Pursuit of Excellence
 ELE 331 : Communication Electronics

Online Session 5

Mukund N Naragund
Associate Professor
Dept. of Physics and Electronics
13 Aug 2021 CHRIST (Deemed to be University)
Bengaluru-29
Mukund N N_2021
MISSION VISION CORE VALUES
CHRIST is a nurturing ground for an individual’s Excellence and Service Faith in God | Moral Uprightness
holistic development to make effective contribution to Love of Fellow Beings
the society in a dynamic environment Social Responsibility | Pursuit of Excellence
 CHRIST
Deemed to be University

Session Outline

✓ Pulse modulation Types and Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) – Recap

▪ Pulse width Modulation, Advantages, disadvantages and applications
▪ Pulse Position Modulation, Advantages, disadvantages and applications

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Deemed to be University

Pulse modulation Methods

If the amplitude of the carrier waveform
is changed according to the modulating
signal amplitude, then Pulse Amplitude
Modulated (PAM) waveform is
produced.

If pulse width is made proportional to the

signal amplitude, then Pulse Width
Modulated (PWM) wave is produced

If the pulse position is varied in

accordance with the signal
amplitude, then Pulse Position
Modulated wave (PPM) is produced

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1. Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM)

In this method, the amplitude of the carrier pulse is varied in accordance with the instantaneous value of
the (analog) modulating signal. The other parameters of the pulses like width and position remain
unchanged. The resulting waveform is called as, “pulse amplitude modulated waveform” or PAM signal.

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Types of PAM

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Disadvantages Advantages Applications

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2. Pulse Width Modulation

This is a pulse modulation method used in electronic communication. It uses an
analog information signal as the modulating signal and carrier waveform is a high
frequency pulse waveform (train of pulses).
In this method, the width of the carrier pulse is varied in accordance with the
instantaneous value of the (analog) modulating signal. The other parameters of
the pulses like amplitude and position remain unchanged. The resulting waveform
is called as, “pulse width modulated waveform” or PWM signal.
Modulating signal

Pulse width PWM signal

Modulator

Carrier signal
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Pulse width Modulation (PWM)

Advantages Disadvantages Applications

• Noise • Variable power • Used in
Interference is for transmitter Encoding
Less • Comparatively process
• Amplitude Complex • Used to
limiters can be generate PPM
used signal
• Better efficiency • Used to control
the power to the
load/LED drivers

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3. Pulse Position Modulation

This is a pulse modulation method used in electronic communication. It uses an
analog information signal as the modulating signal and carrier waveform is a high
frequency pulse waveform (train of pulses).
In this method, the Position of the carrier pulse is shifted/varied in accordance
with the instantaneous value of the (analog) modulating signal. The other
parameters of the pulses like amplitude and width remain unchanged. The
resulting waveform is called as, “pulse position modulated waveform” or PPM
signal. Modulating signal

Pulse position PPM signal

Modulator

Carrier signal
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How to draw PPM signal?

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Pulse Position Modulation (PPM)

Advantages
High Noise immunity, Constant Power
Better efficiency

Disadvantages
Need for accurate synchronization
High bandwidth requirement

Applications

Encoding applications

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Basis for Comparison PAM PWM PPM

Varying parameter Amplitude Width Position

Immunity towards noise Low High High

Bandwidth dependency On pulse width On rise time of pulse On rise time of pulse

Transmission power Variable Variable Constant

Bandwidth requirement Low High High

Similarity of Similar to AM Similar to FM Similar to PM

implementation
Synchronization Not needed Not needed Needed
between Transmitter and
Receiver

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Q&A

CIA 1

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Thank you

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