CHAPTER - I

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Having healthy and stable mental and physical

health can contribute to better well-being among
ones selves but what if in a single snap of a finger
everything will fall unexpectedly and then viola!
Your stability turns to instability brought by the
raging coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

This study will deal with the impacts of the

pandemic in the field of education especially on
senior high school students with their mental and
physical development that should be emphasized. As
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a
huge threat all over the world, as a pandemic, and
many countries are currently experiencing the
second or third wave of ongoing Covid-19
pandemic, which lead to mental and physical health
problems of a different group of people in the
community particularly among students. We have
finally decided to conduct this research, in which we
will be focusing on the effects of a Covid-19
pandemic particularly among selected senior high
school student.
In this qualitative research we will focus on the
impact of Covid-19 pandemic among senior high
school students to their personal experiences in this
time of pandemic and how will these experiences
effect their mental and emotional health
development and determine aftermaths that occurs
throughout the situation. This study will aim to
provide a better foundation and understanding of
mental and emotional well-being in contrary to the
current social health dilemma which is the Covid-19
pandemic. We also strive for alternative ways on
how to promote mental and physical stability to
them by using this kind of research that might help
them determine why an unexpected mental and
physical disturbance happens due to a pandemic. We
will also like to discuss some mental and emotional
effects admin the pandemic among the given data or
variables stated by our group.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to focus on the experiences of senior

high school student with their mental and physical
health development. As a basis in developing the
research question we followed neuman`s method
(Neuman,2007). Specifically this qualitative
research sought to answer the following question;

1. What are the possible effects of the pandemic on

senior high school students?

2. What is the manifestation of mental and emotional

struggle in the senior high school student
experienced during this pandemic?

3. What are the ways to cope up with the unstable

mental and emotional health of the senior high
school students to address the instability?

4. What psychological interventions can address the

problem of mental and emotional instability to the
students of senior high school?
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

This study will not cover other problems that are not
considered as one of the mental and emotional
unstable conditions. The other student which do not
fall as part of senior high school students are not
within the scope of this research. The study would
be done through the utilization of questionnaires to
the students as survey and reference. By their
strategy, the research will be able to know the effect
of pandemics on the mental and emotional
conditions of senior high school students. In
addition, the study was conducted in some parts of
Ilagan City, Isabela due to the present social
guidelines and protocols that were enacted by the
law to maintain safety brought by the epidemic.

This study focuses on the mental and emotional

effects of the pandemic on the senior high school
students. The data collection will be conducted to
the total 10% population of the senior high school
students specifically to my classmates who will
represent the population.
BENEFITS OF THE STUDY

As started by the experts, mental health is important

at every stage of life, from childhood and
adolescence though adulthood and aging, especially
during this pandemic, It affects how we think feel,
and act as we cope with life. It also helps determine
how we handle stress, relate to others, and make
choices. So, in this study, you will learn about the
mental and emotional effects f pandemics on
students during this verge of the Covid-19 pandemic
and their importance. The study will further assist in
understanding either the positive or negative mental
and emotional effects of this pandemic. The study
will contribute in distinguish the good and bad
effects, how to avoid or prevent it, how to get over it
in case of encountering some harmful effects, and
what to do to regulate mental health and emotions.

The target benefactors of this study are the

following;
ADMIN; Positive outcomes the advancement
learning of students regarding mental and emotional
health development will contribute for admin in their
field of work.
RESEARCHER; This will help future researcher to
improve the study and serve as a possible and
beneficial resource.
SCHOLL; This study would be beneficial for the
student especially among senior high school student
of Isabela Sports Senior High School to determine
their mental and physical health development status.
TEACHERS; This will help the teachers to easily
asses their students mental and emotional health.
DEFINITION OF TERMS

ADOLENSCENCE- Is the transitional phase of

growth and development between childhood and
adulthood.
ANXIETY- Is an emotion characterized by feelings
of tension, worried thoughts, and physical changes
like increased blood pressure.
DEPRETION- Is a common and serious medical
illness that negatively affects how you feel, the way
you think, and how, you act.
CORONAVIRUS 2019 (COVID-19)- An acute
respiratory illness in humans caused by a
coronavirus, capable of producing server symptoms
and in some cases death, especially in older people
and those with underlying health conditions. It was
originally identified in china in 2019 and became
pandemic in 22020.
DELIMITATION- Of a study are the factors and
variable not to be included in the investigation.
EMOTION- A natural instinctive state of mind
deriving from ones circumstances, mood, or
relationship with others.
INSOMNIA- This is a common sleep disorder that
can make it hard to fall asleep, hard to say asleep, or
cause you to wake up too early and not be able to get
back to sleep.
INSTABILITY- Lack of stability; the state of being
unstable.
ISABELA ISPORTS SENIOR HIGH SCHOLL-A
technical sports school in the City of Ilagan Isabela.
MENTAL- This is a state of well being in which the
individual realizes his or her abilities, can cope with
in the normal stresses of life, can work productively
and fruitfully, and can contribute to his or her
community.
PANDEMIC- Is a disease outbreak that spreads
across countries. It affects more people and takes
more lives than an epidemic.
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL- A secondary school
typically comprising the three highest grades.
Students.
PHENOMENOLOGY- Is the study of structures of
consciousness as experienced from the first person
point of view.
PNEUMONIA- Is an infection that inflames your
lungs air sacs (alveoli). The air sacs may fill up with
fluid or pus, causing symptoms such as a cough,
fever, chills, and trouble breathing.
POPULATION- This is the total group of
individuals from which the sample might be drawn.
POST- TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER- Is a
psychiatric disorder that may occur in people who
have experienced or witnessed a traumatic event
such as a natural disaster, a serious accident, a
terrorist act, war or combat, or rape or who have
been threatened with death, sexual violence, or
serious injury.
PSYCHOLOGY- Is a multifaceted discipline and
includes many sub-fields of study such areas as
human development, sports, health, clinical, social
behavior, and cognitive processes.
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH- Involves collecting and
analyzing non-numerical data to understand concepts,
opinions, or experiences.
SCOPE- In a study, it explains the extent to which the
research area will be explored in the work and specifies
the parameters within which the study will be operating.
STABILITY- The quality, state, or degree of being stable.
SUICIDE- Is the act of intentionally causing ones death.
CHAPTER- II

REVIEW OF RELATED
LITERATURE AND STUDIES

INTRODUCTION

This pandemic gave a huge threat worldwide,

especially to learners and educators who are pursing
their dreams. The effects of COVID-19 pandemic on
the students mental and emotional health are every
critical, because of some negative result. By simply
following the physical distancing that the
government had been announced, students are
struggling with their mental and emotional
condition, because they still find it difficult to adjust
to the new normal brought by the Covid-19
pandemic. As school routine eventually disrupted
and a lot of students moreover among senior high
school students still cannot properly manage their
time allotment which causes to mental and
emotional uncertainty that leads to instability in their
mental and emotional health. Note that we have
based it on our personal experiences as senior high
school students.
Hence, this chapter present the conceptual and
chronological scaffold of the study which
contributes to the substance of the study undertaken.
Also this chapter includes a review of related
literature and studies which we pursued to shed light
on the topic under study. As well as the synthesis of
the study and the reference to make it feasible and
clear to the readers of this study. This chapter also
helps to enhance readers learning about what they
have learned in the first chapter of this study the
review of related literature and studies will also
allow them to sight other research point of view
about this study that we conducted. All in all, this
chapter will guide them to have more knowledge on
the issue of this research.
 RLATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

According to the data present by UNESCO (2020),

The nationwide suspension of schools at the period
of April 8,2020, has affected over 188 countries. As
a result, there is a total of 90% of enrolled learners
(1.5 billion young people) have been disrupted in
their study. To mobilize and support learning
continuity, a global education coalition had
established by UNESCO to support countries in their
efforts to mitigate the impact of school closures,
address learning losses, provides an alternative
educational system particularly among vulnerable
and disadvantageous communities (UNESCO,
2020).

In the statistical study of active minds (2020), they

say that students mental health is significantly
worsened under Covid-19. it includes some factors
developed during a pandemic; first is thee loss of
school routine. Second, the experienced financial
setbacks. Third, trouble focusing on the study. Fourth,
they have challenges in maintaining a routine. Lastly,
social restriction (Active minds, 2020).
In addition, a study by ZANONIA CHIU (2020),
demonstrates that school routines are important
coping mechanisms for young people with mental
health issues, when schools are closed, they lose an
anchor in life and their symptoms could relapse.
‘Going to school had been struggle for [some
children with depression] before the pandemic, but
at least they had school routines to sick with’. a
registered clinical psychologist working with
children and adolescents in Hong Kong, where
schools have been closed since Feb 3. ‘Now that
school are closed, some lock themselves up inside
their rooms for weeks, refusing to take showers, eat,
or leave their bed’. For some children with
depression, there will be considerable difficulties
adjusting back to normal life when school resumes
(Chui,2020).

GURWITHCH (2020) claimed that students may

have trouble concentrating or paying attention in
class and retaining new information. Children's
responses to trauma sometimes look like attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder, and school and
families might jump to that diagnosis and miss the
opportunity to take a trauma-informed approach to
address the root causes of students behavior
(Lee,2020).

Nonetheless, as stated by Lundin (2020), Motivation

should prioritize in this time of pandemic to better
cope up in our everyday life especially among
students who had developed some mental health
problems. To address the issue the should have self-
discipline, building better habits, and have an
optimize environment (Lundin,2020).

However, they university of Melbourne

acknowledges that there is a negative motivation that
focuses on the negative consequences that might
happen from taking action. Yet in the same article,
they stated that both negative and positive
motivation can use effectively in different
circumstances. Generally, it uses for us to keep
pursuing the goals that we are genuinely interested
in and accept negativity to balance the cycle
(University of Melbourne,2021).
In conclusion, motivation should emphasize to
combat the negative impact of the pandemic as it
challenges our mental and emotional health. We
found out that motivation can help us to better cope
up in this time of the pandemic, especially in our
mental and emotional health.
SYNTHESIS

The literature and studies mentioned are relevant and

have contributed to the development of the study.
UNESCO (2O2O) discussed the results of a
pandemic and how was this being addressed.
ACTIVE MINDS (2020) argued why some mental
health disturbance occurs. CHUI (2020) stated the
effects of school closure on student life. The study of
GURWITCH (2020) cited in the article of LEE
(2020) presents how students respond to the effect of
a pandemic. LUNDIN (2020) emphasizes
motivation as a solution to the problem. Lastly, the
study of the UNEVERSITY OF MELBOUNE
(2021) pursued the two type of motivation and how
can we use them to balance ourselves. All of these
framework were deemed essential for the success of
this research.

Furthermore, the objective of this systematic review

is to summarize extant literature prevalence of the
effect of the pandemic in psychological distress in
the general population during Covid-19 pandemic,
especially to students. An additional objective was to
identify factors that are associated psychological
distress and how we can address it through proper
motivational awareness.
CHAPTER-III
METHOLOGY

INTRODUCTION

Learners are having so much struggle, especially

with their unstable mental and emotional health
because of the spread of Coronavirus disease or
commonly known as Covid-19. therefore, we
conducted this research to give knowledge on the
learners situation in their mental and emotional
health. This chapter present data gathering that will
help this research to prove that learners are
struggling with their unstable mental and emotional
health. It also present data analysis that will analyze
the information that we have gathered in the said
data gathering. Moreover, this chapter also presents
a sampling procedure which will explain what
method we will be used in selecting our respondents.

RESEARCH DESIGN
In this study, we conducted a phenomenological type
of research design to analyze further the experiences
of senior high school students that was located at
ALIBAGU CITY OF ILAGAN, Isabela with their
mental and physical health. Phenomenology is type
of qualitative research that explains a persons
experiences in living in the world.
Phenomenological research also helps research s to
study the life experiences of a person. Therefore, this
was utilized to analyze the possible struggles that
the learners are experiencing with their mental and
emotional health. Furthermore, we conducted it in
our research to serve as that basis on how we can
gather in formation needed in this study.
SAMPLING PROCEDURE

As this study utilize a phenomenological type of

research design, therefore, we draw a conclusion that
to make it more attainable non-probability sampling
procedure would be applied to assess the mental and
physical health of selected senior high students with
the help of homogeneous sampling techniques were
research participants selection is based on who have
similar experiences, attitudes or outlook.

By the means of this type of homogeneous sampling

technique, we have established questions to our
interview and this follows;
✅ How this pandemic affected you as a senior high
school students?
✅ In what way this pandemic affects you?
✅ What mental and emotional struggles did you
encounter when the pandemic came?
✅ What kind of emotional and mental affects have
you encountered?
✅ What negative/positive mental and emotional
effects have you encounter?
✅ What stressors you`ve gone through since the
start of pandemic?
✅ What do you thin are the reasons why you
encountered these affects?
✅ How would you say that this affects you?
✅ In what way do you think you can solve it or
what reason you believed that might help to address
the problem?
DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

The primary data will be gathered from random

students of the City of Ilagan, Isabela. Secondary
data will be gathered through personal interviews
with the use of the questions mentioned above of
senior high school students. A questionnaire was
prepared for this purpose to characterize the mental
and physical health conditions of senior high school
department during pandemic. In the next topic, we
will emphasize the analysis of the data gathered and
collected.

DATA ANALYSIS PROCEDURE

Through the analysis of the data, we have collected.

The data analysis process, we will first need to
induce our data into a format that can be easily
analyzed based on the queries that this research
conducted to characterize the mental and physical
conditions of senior high school department during
pandemic. According to the personal interview we
utilize student who answered in ‘The impact of
covid-19 pandemic on physical and mental health of
the senior high school students in the Philippines’
questioner, among selected students of my
classmates, results revealed that there about 100%
negative impact of covid-19 with their mental and
emotional health which triggered more because of
this pandemic dilemma. To determine the frequency
and the percentage of the study the following
illustrate the results. Additionally, the different
responses of senior high school students are also
mentioned below after the illustration of the
particular, frequency, and percentage.
CHAPTER- IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The emergency of SARS-CoV-2 in December 2019

prompted consternation in many parts of the world.
Due to its fast dissemination, the world health
organization declared a pandemic I march 2020.
Aiming to contain the spread of the virus, leaders of
many countries restrained social movement,
targeting to flatten the curve of contamination with
social distancing. This review aimed to analyze how
students behavior has changed throughout this
period. We also approached the key components of
the emotional reaction to the pandemic, how internal
and external factors, such as personality traits, their
mental health and emotional development and the
psychological outcomes of the current scenario.
Moreover, we explored in depth the groups at
increased risk of suffering mental health burden
secondary to these circumstances. These include,
senior high school students,. We also discussed
several measures that might minimize the emotional
impact derived from this scenario. It is crucial that
he health authorities, the government and the
population articulate to assist the vulnerable groups
and promote emotional and mental health support
strategies. Moreover, it is fundamental that the
population is provided with accurate information
concerning the COVID-19 pandemic.

During any outbreak of an irresistible malady, the

populations mental responses play a basic part in
forming both spread of the infection and the event of
passionate trouble and social clutter amid and after
the flare-up. In spite of this reality, adequate assets
are ordinarily not given to oversee or constrict
pandemics impact on mental wellbeing and
wellbeing.1 whereas this may be reasonable within
the intense stage of an episode, when wellbeing
frameworks prioritize testing, diminishing
transmission and basic quiet care, mental and
psychiatric needs ought to not be ignored amid any
stage of widespread administration.

Within the first occurrence, it ought to be recognized

that, indeed within the typical course of occasions,
individuals with built up mental sickness have a
lower life hope and poorer physical wellbeing results
than the common population.4 As a result,
individuals with pre-existing mental wellbeing and
substance utilize clutters with COVID-19, expanded
chance of having issues getting to testing and
treatment and expanded chance of negative physical
and mental impact stemming from the pandemic.

Second, we expect a impressive increment in anxiety

and depressive side affects among individuals who
don’t have pre-existing mental health conditions,
with a few encountering post-traumatic push clutter
in due course. There's as of now prove that this
plausibility has been under-recognized in china amid
the current pandemic.