Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of the Students

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A Research Proposal

Presented to the Faculty of Senior High School Department

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In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for the Subject Practical Research 1

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Lim, John Maxine M.

Lopecillo, Gilbert M.
Peregrino, Maika Lay T.
Peregrino, Lay T.
Reponte, Kurt Laurence A
Saquilon, Reymark A.
Suson, Clariza O

May 2023
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CHAPTER 1

Background of the Study

The COVID-19 pandemic had been affecting negatively on students.

Since there are so many students experiencing significant levels of stress,

anxiety, and depression that affect their mental health, Many students said that

they feel lonely, isolated, and sad, and their mental health issues worsened

during and after the pandemic. They tend to be more irritable, have low

academic performance, and it’s difficult for them to communicate with other

students because of the long period of lockdown.

For instance, the COVID-19 pandemic is seriously harming

undergraduate college students’ mental health in Northern New Jersey.

According to Kecojevic et. al (2020), students have significant academic,

anxiety, depressive, and distress issues.

In the same line of thought, one-fourth of the participants experienced

moderate to severe worry during the early stages of the pandemic in the

Philippines. While one-sixth of them claimed to have psychological impact and

moderate-to-severe depression (Tee, 2020).

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Furthermore, at Marilog National High School, the researchers observed

that the students’ behaviors changed. Students have difficulties in academic

performance; they are more irritated by the little things; they have a hard time

listening to the teacher; they always play online games while the teacher is

instructing in front; and they prioritize playing e-games over doing their

assignments or homework.

With this, studying the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental

health of the students helps us address the problems that the students face in

their emotional well-being. This research will help the students to lessen the

anxiety or stress that they feel. Nowadays, mental health issues are one of the

most common problems that people experience, not just students. Therefore, it

is very essential to make a study about the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic

on the mental health of the students because it is so difficult to handle when

your own mind becomes your greatest enemy.

Rationale of the Study

Numerous research studies suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic may

affect the mental health of the students. The researchers expect that this study

will benefit students, teachers, and parents.

Students. Students will benefit from this study since they can be guided

by teachers, which will help them lessen their stress. It will also help them to

overcome the fear that they experience during and after the pandemic.
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Teachers. Also, the teachers can benefit from this study because they

can help the students with their mental problems, and they can easily identify if

they feel that their students have anxiety, stress, or other problems through this

research.

Parents. Like the teacher, parents can benefit from this research too,

because it helps them to be more aware of the status of the psychological well-

being of their children. Parents can help their children lessen their problems by

giving them time to talk and bond with them.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to find out the effects of the covid-19 pandemic on the

mental health of students. Specifically, this study will answer the following

questions:

1. What are the negative experiences you encountered during the

pandemic?

2. What are the effects of these negative experiences on your mental

health?

3. How did you overcome the effects of covid-19 on your mental health?
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Scope and Delimitation

The center of this study will be the Senior High School students of

Marilog National High School, who experienced anxiety, stress, or depression

during and after the pandemic. The required participants in this study are those

Senior High School students who are currently enrolled in the said school. It

only involves 5 to 10 participants, of ages 16 and up.

Review of Related Literature

This section discusses all the related literature and studies on the

effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of students. This

portion shows the results gathered after the meticulous and in-depth search

done by the researchers.

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Every element of human life has been impacted by the COVID-19

epidemic. During a pandemic, students are under greater mental strain than at

previous times. Analysis of numerous surveys reveals that Bangladesh’s

students are more mentally disturbed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Since the educational institutions have been shuttered for more than a year,

they have developed mental illness. Additionally, the pupils get increasingly

mentally sick as numerous personal and social difficulties, such as parent-child

conflict, a lack of revenue in the family, a family member losing their job, and a

lack of communication among friends, occur in front of them. Many kids are

experiencing stress, depression, frustration, rage, and anxiety as a result of the

lockout scenario. According to numerous survey analyses, COVID-19 has

caused an upsurge in the suicide incidence among Bangladeshi students

(Uddin & Uddin, 2021).

Particularly According to Zhai & Du (2020) research, the COVID-19

pandemic has caused college students to face particular difficulties that have a

negative impact on their mental health. One in five college students globally

had one or more diagnosable mental problems prior to the epidemic. When

they remain at home.

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In the same manner, the COVID-19 pandemic has a negative impact on

children’s and college students’ mental health, according to Alharake et. al

(2021). Furthermore, people with poorer mental health outcomes were those

who resided in rural areas, low-income groups, were close to or related to

healthcare professionals, and knew someone who had the COVID-19 virus.

The comprehensive evaluation of 16 studies on college students and five

studies on children indicated that both groups of people reported feeling more

worried, apprehensive, and sad than they had before the epidemic.

In addition, because of the COVID-19 pandemic’s consequences on

medical students’ mental health. According to reports, they suffered greatly

from sadness, anxiety, and stress-related reactions (Mirilovic et. al, 2022).

According to Zhai & Du (2020) research, the COVID-19 pandemic has

caused college students to face particular difficulties that have a negative

impact on their mental health. One in five college students globally had one or

more diagnosable mental problems prior to the epidemic.

More than one fifth of junior high and high school pupils in China

experienced mental health issues as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak. Both

students struggle with anxiety.(Zhang et. al, 2020).

According to the recent study by Savage et. al (2020), the COVID-19

pandemic resulted in a decline in both physical activity and mental wellness, as

well as an increase in felt stress and sedentary behavior. This suggests that

the COVID-19 pandemic is having a harmful effect on kids’ movement and

mental health.
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Moreover, within four months after the pandemic’s start, the prevalence

of moderate-severe anxiety jumped from 18.1% to 25.3%. Moderate-severe

depression was more common than ever, rising from 21.5% to 31.7%. The

probability of an increase in anxiety symptoms was largest among white,

female, and sexual/gender minority (SGM) students. Students who identified

as Non-Hispanic (NH) Black, female, and SGM were most likely to experience

an increase in depressive symptoms. The increases in both sadness and

anxiety symptoms were caused by general challenges related to distance

learning and social isolation (Fruehwirth et. al, 2021).

Likewise, in China, the COVID-19 outbreak also caused 20.7 and 7.16%

of children aged 7 to 15 to have psychiatric problems. Compared to elementary

and day school pupils, middle school and boarding school students are more

likely to have these symptoms (Ma et. al, 2021).

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Additionally, one-third of the participants in the lockdown zone during

the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak said that the outbreak had a

moderate-to-severe psychological impact on them. Female gender, youth (12–

20 years old), single status, lower level of education, not a resident of the area,

existence of particular physical symptoms (such as headache, cough),

dissatisfaction with the health information regarding COVID-19, concern about

family members contracting COVID-19, and being subjected to discrimination

by others. (Chen et. al, 2023).

Furthermore, the chances of PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) as

well as the levels of stress, despair, and anxiety are higher than typical.

Additionally, COVID-19 has a significant psychological effect on the entire

world’s population (Passavanti et. al, 2021).

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Another research investigation by Misra et. al (2022) found that the

COVID-19 pandemic had a detrimental effect on university students’ mental

health in terms of depression and anxiety. Based on cut-off scores from the

Patient Health Questionnaire–9 (PHQ–9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Questionnaire–7 (GAD–7), which are referred to as the short screening

instruments used for detection of depression and anxiety symptoms in various

settings, including general and mental health care as well as the general

population, the prevalence estimates show that moderate to severe depression

as well as anxiety symptoms were self-identified by four out of ten. The

COVID-19 pandemic was impressively associated with noticeably worsening

feelings of anxiety and sadness in this group of students. Additionally, the

study found no gender-specific variations in anxiety, despair, or resilience

levels, with the exception of when the COVID-19 impact was taken into

account as an interaction term, which underscores the detrimental effects of

COVID-19 on students’ mental health.

In a similar way, the COVID-19 pandemic has made Filipino children’s

already problematic mental health worse. One of the causes is that the

government doesn’t have any effective mental health programs (Malolos et. al,

2021).
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Similarly, people may experience stress due to the coronavirus disease

2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Both adults and children may experience intense

emotions due to excessive fear and anxiety about a new condition and what

might occur. Social distance is one example of a public health measure that

might make people feel alone and alienated and raise stress levels. Most of

the respondents were between the ages of 19 and 20. Most people in this age

range were in their second and third years of study. Because they have no

choice but to stay at home, they are the most affected (Bautista & Manuel,

2020).

According to the study by Meo et. al (2020), both male and female

medical students have acknowledged that being in quarantine has reduced

their total job performance and study time, made them feel emotionally cut off

from friends, family, and colleagues, and made them feel less motivated to

work. Additionally, the results indicate that throughout the two-week quarantine

period, one-fourth of the medical students who took part in the study

experienced depression. The lengthy isolation imposed by the COVID-19

pandemic may make these medical students’ psychological conditions and

learning styles even worse.

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A study conducted by Shaikh et. al, (2021), the Philippines had the

highest ratings for stress, anxiety, and depression, followed by Egypt,

Pakistan, and India. The population of Ghana has the lowest test results.

Additionally, the study uncovered important gender variances. Participants who

were female showed signs of more stress than those who were male. Stress,

anxiety, and depression were much more prevalent among undergraduates.

Participants who were still in school had higher levels of anxiety, and those

who had friends or family members who had the COVID-19 infection before

had higher levels of stress and sadness.

Theoretical Framework

This study was anchored on the theory entitled “Mental Health

Promotion in Schools: A Comprehensive Theoretical Framework” by Cavioni et

al. (2021). In this theory, it states that mental health issues in children and

teenagers have increased in recent decades, but there is a lack of agreement

on the definition and constructs of school mental health. This paper provides a

comprehensive theoretical framework for researchers, practitioners, and

decision-makers to address these issues. The framework focuses on social

and emotional learning, resilience, and behavioral problem prevention. In

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relation to this study, the researchers research also aims to help the school

address and promote some suggestions on how to address mental health

problems in school, like what this theory states.

CHAPTER 2

Methodology

This chapter discusses all about the method or the research design that

the researchers use in their research.

Research Design

This research will use the phenomenology qualitative research design.

Since this study talks about the lived experiences of the participant, and it is
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suitable for the researchers to use this design. Because the researchers in this

study will determine “ The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental

Health of the Students”. Furthermore, a qualitative research strategy called

"phenomenological research" aims to comprehend and characterize a

phenomenon's fundamental elements. The methodology examines human

experience in daily life while putting aside the researchers' prior notions about

the phenomenon. In other words, phenomenology research investigates actual

events to learn more about how people interpret their experiences (Delve &

Limpaecher, 2022).

Research Locale

The participants in this study will focus on the Senior High School

Students of Mari log National High School who experienced mental problems

during and after the pandemic. The study will be conducted at Marilog National

High School located at Barangay Marilog Proper, Marilog District Davao City,

Philippines during the school year 2022-2023. Marilog District is composed of

12 barangay's: 1 Baganhan; 2. Bantol; 3. Buda; 4. Datu Salamat ; 6.Gumitan;

7. Magsaysay 8.Malamba; 9.Marilog Proper; 10. Salaysay; 11.Suawan; 12.

Tamugan.

The school is located at Barangay Marilog Proper, Marilog District

Davao City which is 55 kilometers away from the city and is 150 meters away

from the highway of Marilog Proper. The research choose the school to make

the research because it is where the research is study when is what the
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researcher observed there is a lot of students who suffer from mental health

during and after the pandemic in their school.

Research Participants

This study will have 10 participants from senior high school students of

Marilog National High School who are being identified to have a mental health

problems that.

The researcher was select participants using a purposive sampling

technique. Since the researcher will only choose a participant who are being

identified having a mental health problem. These technique is intended to

select an individual who fit in the researchers research which focuses on the

effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of the students

Additionally according to Vijayahamohan (2023) purposive sampling involves

choosing sample from the total sample size depending on the survey takers or

researchers assessment . To put it in another way a purposive sample is

gathered in accordance with the specification of the test, survey or research for

which it will be utilized.

Students who have been identified but do not exhibit symptoms of

mental health disorder will not participate in the study. The research

participants involvement will be entirely voluntary, and they are free to

discontinue the study at any moment. Anytime a respondent does not

understand the questions or feel uncomfortable, they have the right to refuse to
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answer it in the interview. Following the representation of an Approve Inform

Consent form (ICF) and participant of approval, the survey will be conducted.

Students can only take part if their parents or guardians provide their

consent voluntarily for their child or children to take part in the study. The

participants are free to decline or end their participation in this study at any

time.

Research Instruments

The researcher will use an interview guide question as an instrument.

Guide questions are the questions that answer your statement of the problem

questions. While a qualitative research technique called an interview relies on

asking questions to gather information. Two or more individuals including the

interviewer who asked the questions are present during an interview (George,

2022).

Research Questions Interview Guide Questions

1. What are the negative  Have you ever encountered

experiences that the students negative experiences during the

encountered during the pandemic? pandemic? What are those? How

has the pandemic impacted your

relationships with your friends and

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family?

 Have you or anyone you know

face discrimination or stigma

related to the pandemic?

2. What are the effects of this  When did you notice the changes

negative experiences on the mental in your mood, behavior, anxiety

health of the students? levels or overall mental health as a

result of this experiences?

3. How did the students  What are the things you do to

overcome the effects of the COVID-19 surpass the effects of the COVID-

pandemic on their mental health? 19 pandemic on your mental

health?

 Who help you overcome the

effects of the COVID-19 pandemic

on your mental health? How they

help you?

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers will undergo step-by-step procedures in gathering the

data for this study. During the month of May, the researchers who conducted

this study will submit a letter of recommendation to the principal for the
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approval and it’s noted by the Practical Research 1 teacher. Next, the

researchers will obtain parental consent and distribute it to the participants in

this study, since some of the individuals involved in this study are minors. After

getting the approval of the parents and presenting the interview endorsement

letter to the participants, the researchers will proceed to the interview stage,

where they will have a one-on-one interview with the participants to keep their

identity confidential and to make sure that the participants will not be offended

and can answer the questions clearly, openly, and confidently. In interviewing

the participants, the researchers will use interview guide questions. After the

interview, the researchers will interpret the answers of their participants to get

the results of the study that they conducted. After that, the researchers will now

have the needed information to analyze the results of the study, and they can

now give their conclusions and recommendations.

Data Analysis

The researchers found, understood, described, and depicted the

experiences of the students who experience mental health problems as they

encounter them in the time of pandemic, as well as revealed emergent themes

and their interwoven relationships, using Colaizzi’s (1978) approach of data

analysis. Colaizzi’s approach of data analysis was used in this study, which

allowed for the discovery of new information and gave insights into the

experiences of students who experience problems in their mental well-being.

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Collaizi’s Data Reduction Technique have 7 steps which are the following: 1.

Familiarization of Raw Data; 2. Identification of Significant Statement; 3.

Formulation of Meaning of the Significant Statement; 4. Formulation of

Themes: 5. Formulation of Complete Description of the Phenomenon; 6.

Development of Most Essential descriptions of the Phenomenon; 7. Verification

of the Most Essential Descriptions of the Phenomenon by Research

participants. Colaizzi’s data analysis method was employed to extract, arrange,

and evaluate the data using the real study data. Results: Meanings were

created by applying Colaizzi’s method using the captured raw data to identify

noteworthy statements.

Trustworthiness of the Study

Researchers must also demonstrate that their study’s objective was

met. The findings of the study, according to the researchers, are reliable. The

researcher will ensure that the findings are objective and backed up by

additional evidence. The researcher wants to make sure that the raw data and

their conclusions correspond to the information they gathered. The researcher

also ensures that the findings and the entire project are beneficial to the

community as well as those in need. Additionally, the researchers will be held

accountable if there is a technical error in this study.

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Role of the Researcher

Research is important. There are dos and don'ts. Since they are the

ones with the power over their study, the researcher correctly oversaw the

research. Researchers recorded their roles and responsibilities at each stage

of the investigation. They must be responsible and cautious when performing

their research. The researcher followed the instructions in the research

protocol. The researchers warrant that the participants' sentiments and beliefs

are impartial. They must accept and take into account the answers provided by

their respondents. Even if the respondents' responses conflict with their own

opinions and perspectives, they must not manipulate their responses. In

addition, researchers made sure that participants understood the purpose and

methodology of the study. Before distributing a questionnaire or asking for their

permission, they must receive their approval. Additionally, they must explain to

their participants the purpose of the study and the selection criteria for the

responders. Don't offer the respondents money to take part in the probe. The

researcher must maintain the participant's personal information's confidentiality

if they don't want to reveal their identity or if the investigation is too delicate or

personal.

Ethical Considerations
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In this stage, the researchers will discuss ethical considerations, or the

dos and don'ts, that they will need to follow while conducting this research. The

first thing to do while conducting this research is to carefully assess whether the

study could affect anyone who is involved. Through this assessment, the

researchers could identify any potential risks or harms that the study could pose

to participants, as well as any potential benefits that the study could provide.

Second, the researchers will consider whether there are any vulnerable

populations involved in the study, such as children, the elderly, or individuals

with disabilities, and take extra precautions to protect their rights and welfare.

Furthermore, researchers will ensure that they have obtained informed consent

from all participants before beginning the study. This means that participants

must be fully informed about the purpose of the study; they must voluntarily

participate; they must know the procedures involved; and they must know any

potential risks or benefits of this study. Additionally, the researchers will make

sure that the identities of their participants remain anonymous and that

everything is kept confidential while the study is conducted. The researchers will

give participants the opportunity to ask questions and have their concerns

addressed before deciding whether or not to participate. Finally, researchers will

consider the potential impact of their study on society as a whole. This means

the researchers will consider the broader ethical implications of their research

and whether it could have any negative consequences for society, the

environment, or future generations. They should strive to conduct their research

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in a responsible and ethical manner, taking into account not only the immediate

impact of their study but also its long-term consequences.

CHAPTER 3

Results and Discussions

This chapter talks about the results and the discussion that the

researchers get from the answers of their participants. Also this chapter contains

the analysis and the interpretation of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on

the mental health of the students following the qualitative methodology.

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1. What are the negative experiences you encountered during the

pandemic?

First Participant, “So… ang COVID-19 pandemic so… it brings chaos to

our family and my friends, because kanang daghan nang mga butang na dli

nimo mahimo tungod aning pandemya. Isa na anang pakig-socialize nimo sa

imong friends and kanang pakig-communicate nimo sa imong family is dli na

kaayo ninyo mahimo tungod kay busy ang tanan then ahh… dako kaayo nig

bad impact sa akoa. Lalo na sa akong relationships sa akong friends sa una

tong wala pani nag sugod ang pandemya. Kanang dili na ninyo mabuhat like

kanang dili namo maka bonding bisag asa, then pag abot ani na time sa

pandemic kanang murag ang katong tanan mawala na siya, murag kanang

pinakalit ra siya, then dako kaayo siyag impact sa akoa. Ahm… actually wala

man kaayo siyay mga ing-ana na mga butang na nasinatian atong pandemic,

kay tungod naa raman kos sa balay nya wala mn koy gawas-gawas tungod ani

na kanang quarantine tong pandemic. So, ano, kuan wala man mi mga dli

maayong butang na ni ano sa among relationships sa akong family ana na

time.”

Second Participants, “Ahm.. Yes po, kay dati mn gud kanang

nagtrabaho man gud ko sa una, unya layo kaayo ko sa akong family. Unya

kong ganahan ko moadto sa ilaha kay dili ko maka kuan na mao pod nang

diha ko naka kuan ug negative ba kay kanang murag ila kong ginapabayaan.
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Tapos, kuan mn gud ana during pandemic mn gud kay Grade 9 ko ato no. Tas

ako ang nag pa-eskwela sa akong sarili hangtod nag Grade 10 ko. Kanang,

stress kaayo ko ana kay gisabay nako akong trabaho ug akong pa-eskwela.

Sige kog huna-huna kung unsaon nalang nako na pag handle, kuan mn lisod

jud kaayo. So, katong pagkuan, pag-pandemic na unsa ni kaduha gyud ko

naka experience ug ano ing-ana. Kay una ato sa akong tita sa akong kuan

nako so, nag-positive man gud siya then sige mi ug kuan. Then ang balay

namo kay gibutangan na gyud siyag yellow ang palibot ang uban kay dili na

sila ganahan mo kuan mo agi didto sa balay, kay kanang basig matakdan sila.

Katong second nako na experience nako diha sa balay kay akong mama kay

niabot sila gikan Manila so, ano diba ma-quaranatine tapos na sila sa mga tao

didto kay nahadlok sila moduol sa amoa kay kuan kay basin daw makatakod

mi, tapos nag dali-dali dayon sila kay basin naa daw mi Covid. Kay pag naa

mn daw kuan ang isa kay matakdan na tanan unya dili man gud ang akong

ano.”

Third Participants, “ During pandemic kanang tungod atung pandemic is

kanang ni baba akuang self esteem sa kanang pakikipag socialize sa ubang

mga tao dayun ang akoang hunahuna is kanang kahadlok nakoo mo dool sa

mga tao kay tungod atung mga balita tungod atung sa virus then kato pud na

time is pag kanang makakita ko og police kay mura kog ma alarma. So during
 24

pandemic is ang mental health is kanang maulaw nakoo makipag socialize sa

ubang mga tao din tas ni baba akung self esteem na makipag atubang sa

ilaha.”

Fourth Participants, ‘Yes, Naka encountered ko ug mga negative

experiences like kanang lagyo mi samung mga friends then lisod kay kanang

that time sa pandemic is bawal mag gawas-gawas tapos kato pudt na time is

kanang dili kaau me maka communicate kay wala sad mi mga gadjets ato.

Walay nahitabo ana sa amunhmg lugar.”

Fifth Participants, “So, sauna mangod mag uban mig laag laag pero

Karun dili najod ko ka laag laag , and more negative effects gyod ang covid

19 , og tong time sad nga quarantine nyanag nalayo jod among communicate.

So sa panahon sad sa pandemyasab naa pod tao nga ko discrimination, tong

time nga nag passitive mi sa covid-19 lahi nagod ilang pag treat nila sa amoa

murag dili najod sila mo too sa amoa kanang murag basura nga agi-again lang

man og gina agi-again nalang.”

Sixth Participants, “Ahm..para sa ako no is daghan just kaayo’g epekto

ang COVID sa akoang mental health kay kadtong panahon nga ano COVID

siya is kanang kabalo man gyudt ta no like nanibago judt ta sa k anang ano ba
 25

sa panahon like diba anad ta mag gawas-gawas tapos makipag communicate

sa ano sa uban tapos sa isang is kanang like wala natay maistorya nga ano

maatubang so like nakuratan gyudt ta pag ayo pag ato tapos like ano diba pag

pandemic na is puro module tapos nabag-uhan mi ato is tungod Kay kanang

ano like dili mi anad nga walay motudlo sa amoa like wala mi mapangutana

kung unsa na siya about tapos…tapos pagkanang mag answer kag module is

kanang like daghan kay’g manawag sa imo para suguon ka something ana so

didto kay is dako gyudt tog epekto sa amoa kay like morag. Oh..yes na stress

na judt ko pag ayo ato nga panahon so… Ahm.. ano…yes naa kanang like

diba do man judt nato malikayan is kanang favoritisms atong mama’g papa

like kanang sila permente ang maano tapos ikaw kay murag wala lang ka sa

ilaha pag mag istorya sila is kanang murag dili ka belong sa ilaha nga murag

nakisali lang ka tapos like murag kanang murag ginahimo nimo imong ano like

best nimo pero wala sila’y makita bah nga ano maayo nimo nga ginabuhat so

mao to ma’s makasamot siya sa ano stress.”

Seventh Participants, “Yes,the negative experience during the pandemic

which is sa family and friends kay kanang dili na maka salo salo sa gawas kay

naay restriction policy then kanang ilabi na COVID dili pud ta mag patakag

suroy suroy maglisod tag kanang gawas kay kanang ilabi na kay minor ta

kanang basal judt ta then dili naka maka communicate sa imong friend sa
 26

gawas kay ilabi na COVID,ang negative experience during pandemic is kanang

naka commit kog suicide which is kanang hapit na judt kanang kay ilabi na kay

wala nay friends dili naka ka communicate labi na sa pamilya o family

problem,yes na stress judt ko kay labi na kanang sunod sunod pa judt nag

kanang module mga activity daghan kaayo nya mag lisod judt kog adjust kay

ilabi na sa una sa eskwelahan makadula dula pa mawala jud nag imong

confident gani. Yes,nakaranas ko ana kay labi na sa among …amoang sitio na

daghan gudt kaayog marites which is naalaan gyud ko ato that time na kanang

kay wala….ilabi na na COVID 19 dili judt ka kagawas mao to naalaan judt ug

ana lagi kanang buntis ana kanang….lagi wala daw gagawas kay naana

ginataguan,nya ginahimuan ug issue na kanang igat lagi daw kay lagi Ana

Ana,dati nakit-an nila nga ana ana nya kalit ra nawala kay nagsigi daw’g tago

basin daw ug buntis”

Eight Participants, “So dako gyud kaayog impact sa akoa noh katong

nagsugod ang ahm kanang pandemic na mismo sa akoang mga sa akoang

family anupud kanang nakuan ba. Una ang negative impacted gyud sa akoang

mga friends is kanang wala nami communication so last na kaayo sa amoa

dati nga walay pandemic is kanang among relationship as a friend is kuan ba

naa gyud ginatawag na communication nagsugod tong pandemic is wala nami

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nagacontact, especially sa akong family pud no nga ang negative impacted

pud noh sa nagsugod atong didto nako nakuan mga problema, misbehavior sa

igsuon ug sa akong any problems sa akong pamilya so didto gyud nakuan

nagsugod tong mga pandemic nga nagusab gyud ang behavioural sa akong

family, sa akong siblings then mismo sa akong kaugalingon. Oo naa

gidiscriminate ko sa akong igsuon noh, kay kanang kay kuan lagi daw dili ko

mugawas then kanang tapulan ba tapos baskin unsa nalay maistorya nimo

okay lang man unta pero ang mas pinakasakit man gud is kanang galing pa sa

imong igsuon na that time na akong giingnan ug tapulan walay trabaho ug ing-

ana.

Ninth Participants, “So…ang na hitabo is ang nahitabo is ang

relationship nako sa akong pamilya og barkada is kato na time sa covid 19 is

ga stay lang jod ko sa balay tapos ga dula og kanang ml din didto a na time is

bisan ga kuyog man me perminte pero init kaayo ang akong olo labaw nag

kanang nagatutuk ko sa cellphone tapus pag kanang samok samokon ko mao

to maka cause siya og away din Kato na time wala jod koy ma share ran sa

akong mga problema murag lonely jod kaayo ko dile manggod pwede sa ako a

na kanang wala Koy ka istorya so kato na time kay murag ga wild tapos murag

ako jong gi keep to siya tanan tapos ga wild nalang ko wala ko kabalo sa

akong gipang buhat paghuman. So ang mga discrimination na nahitabo is kato

na part is kato na pang hitabo is nanambok Jod ko pagayo ato kay sige rag

kaon mao to pagka kita sa oban is maka ingon nalang sila nganong tambok na
 28

kaayo ka onsa imohang gina buhat tapos nanaghan pag ayo akong tagyawat

mao tung pang kataw an ko nila pag ayo.”

Theme Discussion

Most of the answers of the

Based on the answers of the participants in this research say that

participants in this research. The the COVID-19 pandemic has many

COVID-9 pandemic is the reason negative effects on them. Because

why they can no longer do the of the things they used to do, they

things they used to do before it can’t do much because of this

started. pandemic. They say they can’t leave

the house because of the

quarantine, they can’t talk to their

friends anymore, they are afraid to

socialize with others, their self-

confidence has decreased, they

have difficulty completing their

modules because they are

completing them alone and no one

guides them and some also

answered that they have a

misunderstanding with their family.

 29

According to Meo et. al (2020), both male and female medical students

have acknowledged that being in isolation has made them feel emotionally cut

off from their families, peers, and friends and has reduced their overall work

output and study time. The results also indicate that throughout the two-week

quarantine period, one-fourth of the medical students who took part in this

study experienced depression. The lengthy isolation resulting from the COVID-

19 pandemics may make these medical students’ psychological conditions and

learning styles even worse.

2. What are the effects of these negative experiences on your mental

health?
 30

First Participant, “Yes ma’am, since ato na time nga kanang pag start sa

COVID-19, nang murag dli man jud siya lalim kay kanang pakalitan ka unya

murag lisod jud e-adjust imong kaugalingon kay kanang ing ato ra. Dali-dali ra

sa maing-ato pagkabutang ahh…kanang dali ra siya maing aton pagkahitabo

kanang magka-quarantine ditso nga kanang nabag-uhan gyud ka sa imong

kaugalingon. So, mao nang bad impact sa akong mental health which is

kanang murag akong kanang mga stress gyud ko then which is kanang tungod

sad ana nga panghitabo dili na kay ka maka-kumusta sa imong mga friends

and family. Nang tungod sa quarantine sa pandemic kanang dli nko maki-

socialize sa akong mga friends, nang diri gyud naka experience gyud kog

kanang online game addiction so kanang mao nang hinungdan tungod atong

online game addiction naa pod siya’y bad effect sa akoa kanang na anxiety ko

then kanang usahay dali rakay ka masuko bisag kanang wala ka hilabtan

tungod pod ato”

Second Participants, “So, ano kanang daghan gyud daw nag bag-o sa

akoa. Una, tong face to face palang kanang friendly kaayo ko. Then, nag-

pandemic kay didto nako nagsugod tutok gyud kaayo ko sa cellphone. Tapos,

dali napod kaayo ko mo kuan… dali na kaayo ko maglagot. Then, mao na

tapos dili pod ko ganahan sige sugu-on kay masuko pod ko dayon. Tapos,

pagkahuman ato kay kay atong pag-pandemic kay dili na kaayo ko ganahan

makisalamuha sa ilaha kay mas better nako na ako lang mag-inusara.”

 31

Third Participants, “So, during pandemic is ang mental health is kanang

maulaw nakoo makipag socialize sa ubang mga tao din tas ni baba akung self

esteem na makipag atubang sa ilaha.”

Fourth Participants, “Ako lang na notice sakung sarili is kanang behavior

nako kay iritable na kaayo ko. Tapos kanang pag naga answer kog module

nya suguon ko kay dali ra kaau ko masuko. ”

Fifth Participants, “So amoa na time sa modular just daghan judt ug

effects sa amoa nya negative effects naa gyuy time na mo tuldlo sa imoha na

kini imong buhaton sa module tapos bisag usa Wala gyuy mo tabang sa imoha

kay taud² kay sigi rag tawag tawagun kay sugoon kay naay ipa buhat sa

imoha. “

Sixth Participants, “Ahm.. na notice nako siya is kadtong mga dapit didto

na sa kanang like puro na gudt ano module tas diba pagtuo nako ato nga

COVID is kanang mga pila lang siya ka simana,weeks like lipay na kaayo ko

ato no kay abi nako’g makapahulay pahulay tapos Wala deay ko kabalo ato no

na maabtan siya’g mga kuan mga months hangtud sa nag kadugay is mura’g

Lahi na kaayo akong mood like ano like dali ra kaayo ko masuko kanang

murag tapos naga overeating pudt ko tapos oversleeping which is ano sign of

depression daw ingon nila so…Yes”

 32

Seventh Participants “During the pandemic Mao to nakuanan nako sa

akong kaugalingon na irritable na kaayo,Dali ra kaayo masuko then na stress

na judt kaayo kay nagtambak nag answeranan then na anxiety, na depress

judt pudt kog taman labi na sa akong mag igsoon daghan na kaayog

pangayuon kanang Ana Ana ,tungod pudt atong ginalibak na ka cause judt

siya ug effect niya which is na anxiety nga na stress na judt ug maayo then

daghan na pudt if negative thoughts na muabot sa akoang Huna Huna which is

kanang maghikog lagi.”

Eight Participants, “Oo naa na that time man to nga kanang gisugo ko

sa akoang igsuon kanang gamay lang gud siya na kuan na sugo, wala nako

gituman tapos kanang dali rako masuko ug sugoon ko sa ginikanan kanang or

kanang saputon ko ba wala ko sa mood, anytime biskan asa ko muadto or

kanang.”

Ninth Participants, “Daghan kaayo og nag bag o sa ako Ang behavior

Kay ano Dali ra kaayo mo change ako Ang mood karon masuko ko kanang

Dali na kaayo tapus mag hilak hilak pajod ko na ako ra Isa Kay kanang wala

Koy ka istorya tapos kanang dile Nako ma Kuan masabtan ako Ang sarili

kanang Morag malungkot ko pero wala goy hinungdan ing ana.”

Theme Discussion
 33

The COVID-19 pandemic is According to the responses

having a major impact on the mental of the participants in this research,

health of students, according to the most of them say that the COVID-19

responses of participants in this pandemic has affected their mental

research. health. They said that their behavior

has changed a lot, they get angry

easily, and they are very irritable,

and they are afraid to talk to other

people. They also experienced

stress and anxiety because of the

many modules piled up for them to

answer and no one guiding them to

answer them, and because they are

always inside the house and cannot

go out, they are always focused on

their cellphones and playing online

games so they experienced them.

And besides, there are also those

who say that they get angry for no

reason when they are commanded.

 34

According to the study of Son et. al (2020), the COVID-19 created

various negative impacts on the students’ mental health. Increased level of

stress, anxiety, and depressive thoughts, constant fear and worrying to the

health of their loved ones, unhealthy sleeping behaviors, low concentration,

decline of intrapersonal skills, and difficulty in academic performance are few

of the aforementioned effects. Therefore, government interventions are

encouraged to address the issue.

3. How did you overcome the effects of covid-19 on your mental

health?

First Participants, “Actually kay dli man ko ga gawas ato na time, so I

started kanang, kanang makig lambigit sa uban nakong kuan sa akong kauban

sa balay para dli napod ko malulong atong paggamit ug cellphone. So, after sa

akong gibuhat kanang nag start nalang kog exercise so, para pud maiwasan

nakong mga problema sa akong mental health para ma-overcome. So, ang

nitabang sa akoa is ang family gyud tungod naa raman kos balay. Then, ang

nitabang sad sa ako para ma-overcome nako to is ila gyud kong gina-

tambagan and ginahatagan ko nilag motivation and messages. Ahhm… grabe

naman gyud ang akong nasinatian ato that time kay kanang naaddict nagyud

ko ato unya dli nko ka focus sa mga learnings ato na time. So, murag

matingala nalang pod sila sa akong behavior nganong nilahi ko. Then, mao to
 35

tungod ato ila nakong gina-tambagan. So, ahh… ako pong ginadawat tong

mga tambag para learnings nalang pod sa akong kaugalingon moa to na

overcome nako akong kaugalingon sa mental health.”

Second Participants, “Una ato naa koy ginabuhat kay nagtrabaho ko

tapos, gi-tryan nako kong kaya ba nako nga mapa-eskwela akong sarili.

Tapos, ako kay kanang kuan pandemic kay akong ginahimo nalang ginakaya

nalang nako akong sarili. Kanang magluto-luto ko and magkuan ko sa balay

kay human ana mag ano ko kanang mga hobby nako like magdula ug mga

kuan ML, mao na akong ginabuhat para mawala akong kuan, mao na ang

akong solusyon para maka kuan. Actually, wala may nagtabang sa akoa, kundi

ang akong sarili. Kay dili man kuan, kung dili sila maka kuan mas kuan nako

ang sarili nako maka-survive. Ahm… akong ginahimo ana no kay kanang mas

ganahan kog kuan mingaw gani. Ganahan gyud nako mapag-isa kay mao rana

akong way para maka-overcome.”

Third Participants, “So…wala nakoo gi tugutan ang mga negative

effects na mo kuan judt sa akoa, ang way nakoo na para ma overcome nako to

is kanang wala nakoo to ginahayaan na kanang mo lugmok gani sa akoa mas

ni ano pako na mas ni strong ang bonding sa among pamilya mag

isturyahanay. First nga naka tabang sa akoa is ang akoa jung pamilya kay

during ato na time is kanang ang amoang pamilya is nag lockdown permi sa

balay tapos dili mi maka laag laag. So..mao to ang amoa jung parents og ang
 36

akung igsoon naka tabang sa akoa. Second is amoang pastor nga kanang

kanunay siya naga ano sa amoa ba na kanang dili mabalaka og maayu sa

mga nahitabo.”

Fourth Participants, “Ahm…nagakuyog ko sa amung leader sa

simbahan para mag visit sa lain na simbahan . Then naga bonding kos akung

family and naga apil pudt kos among youthcamp. Ang nakatabang sa ako para

malampasan nako is akung pamilya and kauban nako sa simbahan ginauban

ko nila sa simbahan para mag lingaw lingaw.”

Fifth Participants, “Sa amoa no mas ang naka kuan sa akoa kay kannag

mag buhat ug mga physical jod just like jogging every kadlawon, mag duladula

nalang ug games kay para makalimtan ang module kay daghan na kaayu nag

tambak. So, kong sa amoa judt akoa gyung pamilya ang nag tabang sa akoa

kay gina-encourage ko nila gina advisan judt ko nila kung unsa gyuy tamang

buhaton judt aron malikayan ang covid 19.”

Sixth Participants, “Ahm…for me is ahm… I play games a lot to avoid

the depression like ga dula gyudt ko pag ayo nga para malimtan nag mag

problem a nag nahitabo sa akoa tapos usahay ga laag laag pudt ko sa akoang

ate para ikuan nga walay nahitabo na ingon ana no like nagadula kog ano

physical Activity pudt nga ano tapos like online games. Ahmm…. Akoa kay

family ug friends no like usahay nag ano usahay dili ka nila makuan makuan sa
 37

imuhang mag gibati pero naa sila perminte diraa sa imopuha nga ano tapos

imong mga friends like ginakamusta gyudt ka nila physically na ani okay ra

baka or ana like ginakamusta gyudt ka kubg okay pava judtvka or naanay

something sa imuha.”

Seventh Participants, “Ang mga butang na akong ginahimo para ma

surpass na effect of COVID 19 Naga ano nako naga kuyog kuyog sa mag

fellowship kay para malingaw nako akong kaugalingon,then Mao nato nag bag

o na akoang kuan kay sa una na depress judt ko kay kanang lagi ginakasab an

gudt kanang mao to kanang wala ko kabalo kay giadto rako didto bahh sa

ginoo nganong naabot ko didtua nganong ga kuyog kuyog nako sa ilaha,then

pag abot nako sa balay pagbalik nako kay kanang mura gani naay nag bag o

kanang murag ginakuan gyudt niya na unta magbag o naka kay sa imohang

pagkamaldita. Kabalo na pudt ko makipag halobilo sa akong mag kuan mga

kaubanan sa simbahan. Ang nag overcome sa ako tong time na or nagtabang

sa akoa nag kanang makuan nag COVID 19 is nag kanang mag pastor,Bahin

sa youth kay which is ginatagaan ko nila if motivation words kay para pang

padasig gani pangpawala sa stress,pangpawala sa negative thoughts then s

anxiety Mao to nag bag o judt Tanan Mao to sa karon nag…kabalo nako mulig

on sa akong kaugalingon kanang dili na judt mo commit uv suicide kay…..”

Eight Participants, “So una gyud noh kanang para marelease akong

stress, then time management, then ika duha nag-exercise then kanang
 38

exercise so akong lawas then nakapagusyorya sa akong mga parents kung

unsay mga kuan, para that time pud na siya nga kanang giistorya nako sila

para mabalan pud nakong sa akong mga mali nga dili nako maapply then ato

nga time hantod sa na naka nachange nako akong ugali nachange nako akong

batasan na kung pano ahm kanang nag-exercise everyday tapos kanang,

nagbuhat sa akong mga trabahuon sa balay. Ang isa lang gyud ka bagay nga

nakatabang sa akoa is walay lain noh kundi akong ginikanan then ang ika

duha is akoang mga first, una sa akong ginikanan is iya kung gina even nga

nagchange man akong mind or naa may dako nakalahi sa akong kaugalingon

is wala siya nagaremind niya sa akoa na ko kung unsa gyuy importante bilang

na ako ang kanang. Mao to nga reason nga na motivate nako akong

kaugalingon then kung pano icontrol akong kaugalingon then hangtud sa

naging invent ko sa akong kaugalingon kung maka, mas mahibalan ba gyud.”

Ninth Participants, “So… ang akong gina-buhat ato is nag tan-aw ko og

video then murag nakit-an nako nga murag naa koy mga sintomas sa kining

stress og anxiety then naay kuan didtoa na ipakita unsa-on daw pag-solution.

Then ang una ato is mo adto ka sa mingaw na lugar din mag yoga yoga ka

mao to akong gi buhat. So.. ang naka tabang sa ako a is katong isa nako ka

barkada kay ga-adto siya sa among balay then ang gina-buhat niya is gina pa

katawa ko niya. Then at least maka ingon ko na hinay hinay og ka kuan

akong sarili so didto a morag na wala natong worries og kabalaka nako.”

 39

Theme Discussion

To overcome the impact Most of the answers given by

caused by the COVID-19 pandemic the participants in this study say that

on the mental health of the they exercise and strengthen their

participants of this study, there are association as they talk together to

ways and things they did to solve it alleviate the negative effects caused

and of course there were people by the COVID-19 pandemic on their

who helped them. health. Mentally. There are also

those who say that they join their

church colleagues to visit different

churches so that they can relieve

themselves and alleviate the impact

of the pandemic on their mental

health. They also said that what

really helped them to alleviate the

negative effects of the pandemic on

their mental health was their family,

church colleagues such as the

pastor and young people like them

who served the Lord and their

friends. It helps them by giving them

motivation, lessons, and advice.

 40

Lower depression symptoms were substantially correlated with

perceived social support from family and friends. The link between depressed

symptoms and perceived family support was totally mediated by self-esteem.

When moderate amounts of stress were present, perceived social support was

found to be more protective against depression symptoms, moderating the

model. The study shows that social support can help people avoid developing

depressive symptoms. Self-esteem and perceived stress are significant

interplaying factors for this effect. The control of stress levels prior to

addressing depressive symptoms is one of the implications, as are measures

to improve perceived family support during the college years (Adams et. al,

2021).
 41

CHAPTER 4

In this part of the research, the findings of the researchers’ research can

be found, as can the answers obtained by the researchers for the purpose of

their research. In this chapter, you can also see the recommendations of the

researchers regarding their findings.

CONCLUSION

This research found the following:

a. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused the participants to be

unable to do what they used to do before it started. Just like they can’t go

out of the house because of the quarantine, they can’t talk and hang out

with their friends; their self-confidence drops; they find it difficult to answer

the piled-up modules because there is no one to guide and teach them; and

there is some participants saying they have a misunderstanding with their

family.

b. According to the answers of the participants in this research, the

COVID-19 pandemic has had a great impact on their mental health

 42

problems. Based on their answers, when COVID-19 came, their behavior

changed a lot; they got angry easily and were very irritable. They are also

afraid to socialize and talk to other people. They also experienced stress

and anxiety because of the many modules they would have to answer and

no one to guide and teach them how to answer them, and also because

they focused on their cell phones and played online games. They also say

that they get angry when ordered and cry for no reason.

c. In order to alleviate the impact caused by the COVID-19

pandemic on the mental health of students, according to the participants in

this research, there are things and methods that have been done, and they

also say that they have support to overcome the negative effects caused by

it. They said that they exercise and that they call on their family relationship

by talking to them if they have a problem, and that their family makes them

feel that they are always by their side, that they are not alone, and that they

will always remember that they have someone to lean on at any time.

According to them, it was their family, friends, and church colleagues who

helped them overcome the challenges they faced with their mental health.

They help them by giving them motivation and advice, and they accompany

them to different churches so they can be different.

 43

VIII. RECOMMENDATION

The researchers humbly suggest the following:

a. Emotional support. It is important to provide ways to

support students in their emotional well-being. Counseling services or

helplines can be provided to help students cope with the stress and

anxiety caused by the pandemic. Having access to professionals who

provide mental health support is important.

b. Having balance in life. Having a balance in life is important

even in the midst of a pandemic. Students can be helped by practicing

self-care techniques such as regular exercise, adequate sleep, healthy

eating, and self-care. Students can also pursue hobbies or hobbies that

provide happiness and relaxation.

c. Doing school activities. School activities can be provided

that aim to strengthen the social connections and associations of

students. This may include activities such as clubs or organizations,

symposiums, or student communities that provide opportunities for

interaction and association.

 44

d. Bringing families and homes together. Families can play a

big part in promoting the health of students. It is important to make time

for bonding activities and conversations within the home. Parents can

be supportive of their children by listening, providing assurance, and

providing practical solutions to the problems they are facing. The effects

of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of students is wide and

varied. It is important to provide extensive support and measures to

meet the needs of students in the area of mental health. The

cooperation of schools, parents, and communities is important to

promote the well-being and health of their children.

 45

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