Quiz 1

Q1: For real numbers x and y, define x * y = 1 + x + y
What would be the inverse of 5 with the respect to this operation?
Answer: -5
Q36: Find a point on AB such that AB is divided into segments that form the Golden Ratio. If the length
of the line segment is 7 cm, then what is the distance of the point from A to form a Golden Ratio?
Answer: 4.3 cm (longer side)
Q34: Benoit Mandelbrot is best known for his work on
Answer: fractals
Q37: Determine the 23rd Fibonacci number if the 22nd Fibonacci number is 17711 and the 24th
Fibonacci number is 46368
Answer: 28657
Q40: According to Stewart (Nature's Numbers), Mathematics is a formal system of thought for ____,
____, and ____ patterns.
Answers: recognizing, classifying, exploiting (in order)
Q2: For real numbers x and y, define x * y = 1 + x + y. This binary operation is
I. Commutative
II. Associative
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Answer: Both I and II
Q32: In the argument " not P -> (Q or not R and S)" which symbol is the "major connective" (the one
from which the validity is based)?
Answer: implication
Q11: Consider a propositional language where
P: x is a prime number.
Q: x is odd.
Which of the following is equivalent to the implication P -> Q?
I. x being prime is a sufficient condition for x being odd.
II. x being prime is a necessary condition for x being odd.
III. x being odd is a necessary condition for x being prime.
IV. x being odd is a sufficient condition for x being prime.
Answer: I and III
Q5: For real numbers x and y, define x * y = 3x + y.
Evaluate 8 * 3
Answer: 27
Q9: In the mathematical sentence 4x + 5 = 15, which is the pronoun?
Answer: x
Q10: The proposition "Kara does not submit the requirement or she fails the course" is what type of
proposition?
I. Disjunction
II. Conditional
Answer: I only.
Q8: The quantifiers that are used to denote that all elements in the set satisfy the given property are
referred to as
Answer: Universal quantifiers
Q7: In the statement A = {2, 4, 6, 8}, which is the subject?
Answer: A
The 30th Fibonacci number with two initial values both equal to 1 is
ans: 832,040
Let Fib(n) denotes the nth Fibonacci number with two initial values both equal to 1. Find the sum
Fib(2)+Fib(3)+Fib(4)+Fib(5).
ans: 12 (wrong)
ans: 11
The Golden Rectangle is a rectangle whose sides form the Golden Ratio. The ratio of the longer side to
the shorter side in a rectangle form golden ratio. What is the approximate dimension of the longer side
of the rectangle if the shorter side is 2.1 cm?
3.4 cm
The number of leaves of a certain plant follows that of the Fibonacci sequence. If there is one leaf on the
first day and two leaves on the second day, how many leaves does the plant have on the 15th day?
ans: 610
Write the negation of the statement "If you decide to go to the party, then I will go with you".
ans: If you don't decide to go to the party, then I will not go with you.
Let A be the statement "Kara is Asian" and B be the statement "Mia is American". Which of the following
is the simplest equivalent symbolism of the statement "Kara is Asian or if Kara is not Asian then Mia is
American"?
ans: not A or B
A statement that does not contain any logical connective is called
ans: simple statement
Rewrite the statement "Every picture tells a story" in an "if-then" form of statement.
ans: If it tells a story, then it is a picture.
Logically, "not both" and "both not" mean the same.
ans: False
Let S: The sunroof is extra.
R: The radial tires are included.
W: Power windows are optional.
Give the appropriate symbolism (unsimplified) for the statement "If the radial tires are not included,
then either the sunroof is not extra or the power windows are not optional".
ans: ~R -> ( ~S v ~W)
The statement "The number 1 is neither an odd nor an even" is a disjunction.
ans: True
The statement [(P → Q) ^ P] → Q is not a valid argument.
ans: True
Let A be the statement "Kara is Asian" and B be the statement "Mia is American". Which of the following
is the simplest equivalent symbolism for the statement "Either Kara is Asian and Mia is American, or
neither Kara is Asian nor Mia is American"?
ans: A <-> B
How will you write the statement "It is not true that either I am wise or you are a fool" into a logically
equivalent statement?
ans: I am not wise and you are not a fool.
Write the converse of the statement "If I get 80% in the final exam, then I will get a certificate of
completion".
ans: If I will get a certificate of completion, then I get 80% in the final exam.
Let P(x) means "x is a freshman" and Q(x) means "x is a math major". Write the statement "Some
freshmen are math majors" in symbolic form.
ans: Ex (P(x) ^ Q(x))
Rewrite the statement "Jesse will be a liberal when pigs fly" into an "If-Then" form of statement.
ans: If pigs fly, then Jesse will be a liberal.
Let P(x) means "x is a freshman" and Q(x) means "x is a math major". Write the statement "Every math
major is a freshman" in symbolic form.
ans: Ux, (P(x) -> Q(x))
The compound statement left parenthesis P logical or Q right parenthesis rightwards arrow left
parenthesis P logical and not R right parenthesis is true EXCEPT in which case?
ans: P is False;Q is False;R is False
Consider a propositional language where
P: Paola is happy.
Q: Paola paints a picture.
R: Renzo is happy.
Formalize into symbols the following sentence: "If Paola is happy ,then she paints a picture".
ans: P -> Q
What is the truth value of the statement "If 2 is even then every prime number is odd then "?
ans: False
ans: If I live near Makati, then I live in Taguig.
Write the inverse of the statement "If I get 80% in the final exam, then I will get a certificate of
completion".
ans: If I don't get 80% in the final exam, then I will not get a certificate of completion.
Write the contrapositive of the statement "If I get 80% in the final exam, then I will get a certificate of
completion".
ans: If I will not get a certificate of completion, then I will not get 80% in the final exam.
Consider a propositional language where
P: Paola is happy.
Q: Paola paints a picture.
R: Renzo is happy.
Formalize into symbols the following sentence: "If Paola is happy only if she paints a picture".
ans: P -> Q
For real numbers x and y, define x * y = 1 + x + y. What is the identity element?
ans: 1
For real numbers x and y, define x * y = 3 x + y. Evaluate 8 space asterisk times space 3.
ans: 27
For real numbers x and y, define x space asterisk times space y equals 3 x space plus space y. What is
the identity element for this binary operation?
ans: There is no unique identity element
In the mathematical sentence 4x + 5 = 15, which is the pronoun?
ans: x
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Q1: For real numbers x and y, define x * y = 1 + x + y

What would be the inverse of 5 with the respect to this operation?

Answer: 4.3 cm (longer side)

Q34: Benoit Mandelbrot is best known for his work on

Answers: recognizing, classifying, exploiting (in order)

Q2: For real numbers x and y, define x * y = 1 + x + y. This binary operation is

Q11: Consider a propositional language where

Which of the following is equivalent to the implication P -> Q?

I. x being prime is a sufficient condition for x being odd.

II. x being prime is a necessary condition for x being odd.

III. x being odd is a necessary condition for x being prime.

IV. x being odd is a sufficient condition for x being prime.

Answer: I and III

Q5: For real numbers x and y, define x * y = 3x + y.

Answer: Universal quantifiers

Q7: In the statement A = {2, 4, 6, 8}, which is the subject?

ans: simple statement

ans: If it tells a story, then it is a picture.

Logically, "not both" and "both not" mean the same.

Let S: The sunroof is extra.

R: The radial tires are included.

W: Power windows are optional.

ans: ~R -> ( ~S v ~W)

The statement "The number 1 is neither an odd nor an even" is a disjunction.

The statement [(P → Q) ^ P] → Q is not a valid argument.

ans: I am not wise and you are not a fool.

ans: Ex (P(x) ^ Q(x))

ans: If pigs fly, then Jesse will be a liberal.

ans: P is False;Q is False;R is False

Consider a propositional language where

Q: Paola paints a picture.

ans: If I live near Makati, then I live in Taguig.

Consider a propositional language where

Q: Paola paints a picture.

For real numbers x and y, define x * y = 1 + x + y. What is the identity element?

ans: There is no unique identity element

In the mathematical sentence 4x + 5 = 15, which is the pronoun?

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