NSW Education Standards Authority

2021 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION

Community and Family

Studies
General • Reading time – 5 minutes
Instructions • Working time – 3 hours
• Write using black pen

Total marks: Section I – 75 marks (pages 2–20)

100 This section has two parts, Part A and Part B
Part A – 20 marks
• Attempt Questions 1–20
• Allow about 35 minutes for this part
Part B – 55 marks
• Attempt Questions 21–29
• Allow about 1 hour and 40 minutes for this part

Section II – 25 marks (pages 21–22)

• Attempt ONE question from Questions 30–32
• Allow about 45 minutes for this section

2030
Section I
75 marks

Part A – 20 marks
Attempt Questions 1–20
Allow about 35 minutes for this part

Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1–20.

1 Which of the following is an example of a biological parent?

A. A long-term foster mother

B. A stepfather of a 12 year old
C. A 16 year old who has given birth
D. A couple who adopted a child as a newborn

2 Which of the following is an example of a primary carer?

A. An aged care nurse caring for a dementia patient

B. A wife caring for her husband who has a mobility issue
C. A home care nursing service for a person with a disability
D. A grandmother who cares for her two-year-old grandson every weekend

3 The prevalence of a group refers to the

A. diversity within the group.

B. number of individuals in the group.
C. level of education of each member in the group.
D. socioeconomic status of individuals in the group.

4 James was interviewed for research. When the research was completed, James’s name
was not published.

By not using James’s name, the interviewer displayed which ethical behaviour?

A. Bias
B. Integrity
C. Privacy
D. Respect

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5 What is the main advantage of using individuals as a source of data?

A. They provide current information

B. They are always available for interviews
C. Their knowledge and expertise is reliable
D. Their questionnaire responses will not be biased

6 Which of the following is the best example of quantitative data?

A. A written report on youth mental health

B. A television documentary on the social benefits of childcare
C. A blog on popular sports undertaken by individuals with disabilities
D. A graph showing the number of students buying their lunch at the canteen

7 A bibliography is an important inclusion in an independent research project because it

A. avoids research being biased.

B. protects the privacy of the participants.
C. credits all sources used by the researcher.
D. contains all the material gathered from the primary research.

8 Which of the following is a strategy that can best help parents manage their multiple roles
and spend more time with their dependants?

A. Working overtime
B. Receiving home-delivered groceries
C. Changing private health care provider
D. Becoming a volunteer with Meals on Wheels

9 Jade works full time as an accountant. Her husband has recently undergone surgery and
requires care at home.

Which of the following best suits her preparations to be his carer?

A. Join a gym class and remain in full-time work

B. Place her husband in a care facility and remain in full-time work
C. Organise the carer payment from Centrelink and request to work part time
D. Attend a support group to assist with caring for her husband and resign from her job

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Use the following graph to answer Questions 10–11.

Percentage of people with a disability by age and sex, 2018

%
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
4
14

4
an 89

er
0–

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ov
5–

90 85–
15

25

35

45

55

60

65

70

75

80

d
Age group (years)

KEY Males Females

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics

https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/health/disability/disability-
ageing-and-carers-australia-summary-findings/latest-release

10 In which age group is there the greatest difference in percentage of people with a
disability between males and females?

A. 5–14
B. 35–44
C. 60–64
D. 90 and over

11 Which statement reflects the data in the graph?

A. 70% of males in the 80–84 age group have a disability.

B. The percentage of people with disabilities is greater in higher age groups.
C. The percentage of females with a disability is higher than that of males in the
65–69 age group.
D. The percentage of males and females with a disability in the 15–24 age group is
greater than 20%.

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12 What would be the most likely barrier to employment for a person with a physical
disability?

A. Gender
B. Location
C. Health care
D. Technology

13 Which pair of services best supports youth education?

A. Driving school and legal aid

B. Gym membership and public transport
C. Health care provider and accommodation
D. Careers advisor and Centrelink payments

14 Which of the following is the best type of sampling when conducting research?

A. Selecting a cross-section of the population that is representative of the group

B. Selecting ten per cent of the population using a convenience sampling process
C. Selecting no more than ten people from the specific area of research you are
investigating
D. Selecting a large number of people from the population so everyone has an equal
chance of being selected

15 How can counselling services be made more accessible for young people?

A. Charging a fee to access the services

B. Opening on weekdays 9 am to 5:30 pm
C. Encouraging face-to-face appointments
D. Providing online telehealth appointments

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16 Max is 17 years old and is currently in Year 12. He has a casual job at a takeaway
restaurant working 5–10 hours per week. His employer has asked him to increase his
hours to 15–20 per week.

Which aspect of Max’s life is likely to be the most significant issue of concern if he
increases his hours?

A. Finance
B. Education
C. Sense of identity
D. Adequate standard of living

17 At which stage of the research process is it best to conduct a literature review?

A. After primary data has been collected

B. After interviews have been completed
C. Once the research proposal has been formulated
D. While analysing primary and secondary research findings

18 A parent sets limits for their child’s behaviour. This is best described as

A. a legal right of parents.

B. a legal right of children.
C. a responsibility of parents.
D. a responsibility of children.

19 Which of the following helps a person with a physical disability achieve an adequate
standard of living?

A. Health care card

B. Food delivery service
C. Mobility allowance for transport
D. Access to WiFi for online learning

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20 How could positive media stories about fostering affect foster families?

A. Improve community attitudes to fostering

B. Create gender stereotypes about fostering
C. Form biased opinions about foster families
D. Change socioeconomic status of foster families

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 BLANK PAGE

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© 2021 NSW Education Standards Authority
 2021 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION

Centre Number
Community and Family
Studies
Student Number
Section I Part B
Answer Booklet

55 marks
Attempt Questions 21–29
Allow about 1 hour and 40 minutes for this part
Do NOT write in this area.

Instructions • Write your Centre Number and Student Number at the top of this
page.

• Answer the questions in the spaces provided. These spaces

provide guidance for the expected length of response.

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2031 15060
Question 21 (4 marks)

Discuss the suitability of using questionnaires when conducting research. 4

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 Question 22 (4 marks)

How could the community’s use of positive terminology have an impact on the 4
wellbeing of people with disabilities? Use examples to support your answer.

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Question 23 (6 marks)

Explain the benefits of a variety of different support options available for working 6
parents.

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 Question 24 (6 marks)

Explain the impact on wellbeing if TWO significant needs for the Category A group 6
Youth are not met.

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Question 25 (7 marks)

The information in this graph has been adapted from an ABS Survey of Education
and Work (SEW).

Use the graph to answer Question 25.

15–24 year olds not engaged in work/study

14%

13%

12%

11%

10%

9%

Do NOT write in this area.

8%
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics – Education and Work, Australia, 2020

(a) Complete the following table. 3

What primary method is

most likely to have been
used to gather this data? ...........................................................................

Identify an advantage of ...........................................................................

presenting data in this
form. ...........................................................................

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Identify a limitation of ...........................................................................

presenting data in this
form. ...........................................................................

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Question 25 continues on page 15

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 Question 25 (continued)

(b) Account for ONE change indicated in the graph. 4

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Question 26 (6 marks)

Harry is conducting an independent research project on student participation in 6

organised sport during the Higher School Certificate year.

Harry will need to carry out the following steps:

• access sources of data
• collect and record data
• document actions and issues.

Explain what Harry needs to do to carry out each of these steps.

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 Question 27 (6 marks)

Joseph and Sarah have chosen an authoritarian parenting style for their 3-year-old son
and 16-year-old daughter.

(a) What are the characteristics of an authoritarian style of parenting? 2

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(b) Discuss the effects an authoritarian parenting style could have on this family. 4
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Question 28 (8 marks)

Answer the question in relation to ONE Category B group you have studied. 8

• Aged • Rural and remote families

• Culturally and linguistically diverse • Gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender,
communities intersex communities
• Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander • Sole parents
peoples • Homeless people

Group: ..................................................................................................................

To what extent do organisations within the community assist in satisfying the needs
of the group?

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 Question 28 (continued)

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End of Question 28

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Question 29 (8 marks)

Sally cares for both her teenage son and her elderly mother who has a physical 8
disability.

Compare the strategies Sally would use in her roles as a parent and a carer.

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– 20 – © 2021 NSW Education Standards Authority

Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
9410310299
 2021 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION

Community and Family Studies

Section II

25 marks
Attempt ONE question from Questions 30–32
Allow about 45 minutes for this section

Answer the question in the Section II Writing Booklet. Extra writing booklets are available.

Your answers to part (c) of the question will be assessed on how well you:
● demonstrate knowledge and understanding of societal influences on wellbeing
relevant to the question
● apply the skills of critical thinking and analysis
● communicate ideas and information using relevant examples
● present a logical and cohesive response

Please turn over

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Question 30 — Family and Societal Interactions (25 marks)

(a) Account for the legal rights given to young people. 4

(b) How do provisions made by local communities protect the welfare of children? 6

(c) Assess how well legislation supports adults and families. 15

OR

Question 31 — Social Impact of Technology (25 marks)

(a) How can household technology contribute to the wellbeing of individuals and 4
families?

(b) Explain the social and economic impact of ONE piece of technology you have 6
studied.

(c) Analyse the impact that technology in the workplace has on individuals in terms 15
of BOTH their work/life balance and career pathways.

OR

Question 32 — Individuals and Work (25 marks)

(a) How can skills learnt through work assist young people to manage their multiple 4
roles?

(b) Discuss why aged people find part-time and voluntary work more suitable for 6
their stage of life.

(c) Analyse the impact of social factors on individuals and their pattern of work. 15

End of paper

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© 2021 NSW Education Standards Authority