10

MATHEMATICS
Quarter 4 – Week 1-5
Learning Activity Sheets (LAS)

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF DINAGAT ISLANDS

1
Mathematics 10
Third Quarter – Learning Resources
First Set
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in
any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary
for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among
other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

names, trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission
to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher
and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by Schools Division of Dinagat Islands

Development Team of the Learning Activity Sheets

Writers: Imelda B. Llasos, Jermaine Awa Cain, Shirley Compe,

Sherry Mae G. Solonia
Editor: Jayrold V. Navarra
Reviewers: Rosita Guerrero, Ellen Lulab, Jayrold V. Navarra
Layout Artist: Nicole F. Digao
Management Team:
Schools Division Superintendent Felisa G. Laranjo, PhD, CESO IV
OIC, Assistant Schools Division Superintendent Segundino A. Madjos Jr., CESE
Chief Education Supervisor, SGOD Mila O. Geraldino, PhD
Chief Education Supervisor, CID Lope C. Papeleras, PhD
Education Program Supervisor, Mathematics Villaflor D. Edillor, PhD
Education Program Supervisor, LRMS Michael C. Paso, PhD
Project Development Officer II Mark Lorenz C. Luib
SDO Librarian II Narmie S. Navas

Printed in the Philippines by ______________________________

Department of Education – Learning Resource Management Section
Office Address: White Beach, Dinagat, Dinagat Islands
E-mail Address: lrms.dinagatislands.caraga@deped.gov.ph
Telephone no.: N/A

2
 Illustrates the following measures of position: quartiles,
Week 1
deciles, and percentiles (M10SP-IVa-1).

Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: _________

School: __________________________________ Teacher: ________________

Objective:
Define and illustrate quartiles, deciles, and percentiles for ungrouped data.

A. Let’s Review Your Understanding

Direction: Analyze each question and encircle the letter that correspond to the correct
answer.

1. Some state colleges and universities are offering scholarships to the upper 5% of
the graduating class. If there are 120 graduates. How many of them belong to the
upper 5%?
A. at least 6 students C. maximum of 6 students
B. minimum of 6 students D. maximum of 5 students

2. The median score is also the _____________.

A. 75th percentile C. 3rd decile
B. 5th decile D. 1st quartile

3. The 3rd quartile can also be equal to

A. 7.5 decile B. 7th decile C. 75th percentile D. 8th decile

B. Let’s Build Your Understanding

Did you take the National Career Assessment Examination (NCAE) when you were
in Grade 9? Or NAT during your Grade 6? If so, what was your score? Did you know
your rank?

Have you thought of comparing your academic performance with that of your
classmates? When your teacher asks you to form a line according to your height, what
is your position in relation to your classmates?

In this Learning Activity Sheet, you will study about the following measures of
position: quartiles, deciles, and percentiles. Be ready to answer the following
questions:

1. How would I know my position given the academic rank?

2. What are the ways to determine the measure of position in a set of data?

Find the median of the following set of data.

3
 1. 5, 7, 3, 9, 10
2. 12, 8, 9,10, 76
3. 37, 32, 29, 41,78, 53
4. 55, 62, 12, 74, 82
5. 23, 34, 8, 2, 76, 50, 29

How did you find the median of the set of data? Let us review the concept of median,
which is one of the concepts needed in the study of this lesson.

➢ To find the median:

1. Arrange the data in ascending order.

2. The middlemost data is the median. If there are two middle data, add them and
divide by two.

The median divides the distribution into two equal parts. It is a point of distribution
where one-half of the distribution lies below it or above it.

➢ How do you define Measures of Position?

Answer: They are techniques that divide a set of data into equal groups.

➢ What are the different measures of position?

Answers: Quartiles, Deciles, Percentiles

➢ Can you define Quartiles?

Quartiles are points that divide the ranked data into four equal parts. Each set of
data has three quartiles.

25% 25% 25% 25%

L Q1 Q2 Q3 H

L = lowest score
Q1 = First quartile or lower quartile
Q2 = second quartile or middle quartile
Q3 = third quartile or upper quartile
H = highest score

1. First quartile (Q1) is the value in the data set such that 25% of the data points are
less than this value and 75% of the data set is greater than this value.

2. Second quartile (Q2) is the value in the data set such that 50% of the data points
are less than this value and 50% of the data set are greater than this value.

4
3. Third quartile (Q3) is the value such that 75% of the values are less than this value
and 25% of the values are greater than this value.

4. Interquartile range is the difference between the upper quartile (Q3) and the lower
quartile (Q1) in a set of data.

The Quartile for Ungrouped Data

The quartiles are the score points which divide a distribution into four equal
parts. Twenty-five percent (25%) of the distribution are below the first quartile,
fifty percent (50%) are below the second quartile, and seventy-five percent
(75%) are below the third quartile. Q1 is called the lower quartile and Q3 is the
upper quartile. Q1 < Q2 < Q3, where Q2 is nothing but the median.

The difference between Q3 and Q1 is the interquartile range.

Since the second quartile is equal to the median, the steps in the computation
of median by identifying the median class is the same as the steps in
identifying the Q1 class and the Q3 class.

a. 25% of the data has a value ≤ Q1

b. 50% of the data has a value ≤ 𝑋" or Q2
c. 75% of the data has a value ≤ Q3

Illustrative examples

Example 1. A group of students obtained the following scores in their statistics quiz:
8, 2, 5, 4, 8, 5, 7, 1, 3, 6, 9

Solution:

median

5
Observe how the lower quartile (Q1), middle quartile (Q2), and upper quartile (Q3) of
the scores are obtained. Complete the statements below:

• The first quartile, 3, is obtained by observing the position of 3 which is in the

middle of the numbers from 1 to 5. (observe the position of 3 from 1 to 5).
• The second quartile, 5, is obtained by observing the position of 5 which is in the
middle of the numbers from 1 to 9. (observe the position of 5 from 1 to 9).
• The third quartile, 8, is obtained by observing the position of 8 which is in the
middle of the numbers from 6 to 9. (observe the position of 8 from 6 to 9).

Mendenhall and Sincich Method

Using Statistics for Engineering and Sciences, define a different method of finding
quartile values. To apply their method on a data set with n elements, first calculate:
#
Lower Quartile (L) = Position of Q1 = $(n + 1)

and round to the nearest integer. If L falls halfway between two integers, round up.
The Lth element is the lower quartile value (Q1). Next calculate:
%
Upper Quartile (U) = Position of Q3 = $ (n + 1)

and round to the nearest integer. If U falls halfway between two integers, round down.
The Uth element is the upper quartile value (Q3).

Example 2. Example data set: {1, 3, 7, 7, 16, 21, 27, 30, 31} and n = 9.
#
To find Q1, locate its position using the formula Q1 = $(n + 1)

and round off to the nearest integer.

#
Position of Q1 = $(n + 1)

#
= $(9 + 1)

#
= $(10)

= 2.5

The computed value 2.5 becomes 3 after rounding up. The lower quartile value (Q1) is
the 3rd data element, so Q1 = 7.

1, 3, 7, 7, 16, 21, 27, 30, 31

% %
Position of Q3 = $ (n + 1) = $ (10)

% %&
= $ (9 + 1) = $
= 7.5

6
 The computed value 7.5 becomes 7 after rounding down. The upper quartile
value (Q3) is the 7th data element, so Q3 = 27

1, 3, 7, 7, 16, 21, 27, 30 , 31

Example 3. Find the first quartile (Q1) and the third quartile (Q3), given the scores of
10 students in their Mathematics activity using Linear Interpolation. 1 27 16 7 31
7 30 3 21

Solution:

a. First arrange the scores in ascending order.

1 3 7 7 16 21 27 30 31

a. Second, locate the position of the score in the distribution.

#
Position of Q1 = $(n + 1)
#
= $(9 + 1)

#
= $(10)

= 2.5
Since the result is a decimal number, interpolation is needed.

b. Third, interpolate the value to obtain the 1st quartile.

Steps of Interpolation
Step 1: Subtract the 2nd data from the 3rd data.
7-3=4
Step 2: Multiply the result by the decimal part obtained in the second step
(Position of Q1).
4(0.5) = 2
Step 3: Add the result in step 2, to the 2nd or smaller number.
3+2=5
Therefore, the value of Q1 = 5.

c. Find the upper quartile

%
Position of Q3 = $ (n + 1)
%
= $ (9 + 1)
%
= $ ( 10)
= 7.5
Third, interpolate the value to obtain the 3rd quartile.

7
 Steps of Interpolation
Step 1: Subtract the 7th data from the 8th data.
30-27 = 3
Step 2: Multiply the result by the decimal part obtained in the third step
(Position of Q3).
3(0.5) = 1.5

Step 3: Add the result in step 2, (1.5), to the 7th or smaller number.
27 + 1.5 = 28.5
Therefore, the value of Q3 = 28.5

The Deciles for Ungrouped Data

The deciles are the nine score points which divide a distribution into ten equal parts.
They are deciles and are denoted as D1, D2, D3,…, D9. They are computed in the
same way that the quartiles are calculated.

Illustrative example

Find the 3rd decile or D3 of the following test scores of a random sample of ten
students:

35 , 42 , 40 , 28 , 15 , 23 , 33 , 20 , 18 and 28.

Solution:

First, arrange the scores in ascending order. 15 18 20 23 28 28 33 35 40 42 n = 10

Second, find decile value on a data with n elements:

%
To find its D3 position, use the formula #&
(n + 1) and round off to the nearest integer

%
Position of D3 = #& (n + 1)
%
= #& (10 + 1)
%
= #&
(11)
%%
= #&
= 3.3

Since the result is a decimal number, interpolation is needed.

Interpolate the value to obtain the 3rd decile.

8
 Steps of Interpolation
Step 1: Subtract the 3rd data from the 4th data.
23 - 20 = 3
Step 2: Multiply the result by the decimal part obtained in the second step
(Position of D3).
3(0.3) = 0.9
Step 3: Add the result in step 2, to the 3rd or smaller number.
20 + 3.9 = 23.9
Therefore, the value of D3 = 23.9.

The Percentile for Ungrouped Data

The percentiles are the ninety-nine score points which divide a distribution into
one hundred equal parts, so that each part represents the data set. They are used to
characterize values according to the percentage below them. For example, the first
percentile (P1) separates the lowest 1% from the other 99%, the second percentile
(P2) separates the lowest 2% from the other 98%, and so on.

The percentiles determine the value for 1%, 2%,…, and 99% of the data. P30 or
30th percentile of the data means 30% of the data have values less than or equal to
P30. The 1st decile is the 10th percentile (P10). It means 10% of the data is less than or
equal to the value of P10 or D1, and so on.

Illustrative example:

Find the 30th percentile or P30 of the following test scores of a random sample of ten
students.

35, 42, 40, 28, 15, 23, 33, 20, 18, and 28 n = 10 , k = 30

Solution:

Arrange the scores from the lowest to the highest.

15 18 20 23 28 28 33 35 40 42

Steps to find percentile value on a data with n elements:

9
To find its P30 position use the formula 𝑘 (𝑛+1) 100 n and round off to the nearest
integer.
%&(#&,#) %&(##) %%&
Position of P30 = #&&
= #&&
=#&& = 3.3

Since the result is a decimal number, interpolation is needed.

Interpolate the value to obtain the 30th percentile.

Steps of Interpolation
Step 1: Subtract the 3rd data from the 4th data.
23 - 20 = 3
Step 2: Multiply the result by the decimal part obtained in the second step
(Position of P30).
3(0.3) = 0.9
Step 3: Add the result in step 2, to the 3rd or smaller number.
20 + 3.9 = 23.9
Therefore, the value of P30 = 23.9.

Summary/ Generalization

This lesson was about measures of position for ungrouped data. The lesson
provided you with opportunities to illustrate and compute for quartiles, deciles and
percentiles of ungrouped data. You were also given the opportunity to formulate and
solve real-life problems involving measures of position.

Quartile for Ungrouped Data Decile for Ungrouped Data

. .
Position of Qk = $( n + 1) Position of Dk = #&( n + 1)

Percentile for Ungrouped Data

.
Position of Pk =
#&&
( n + 1)

Note: If the result is decimal, interpolate the value.

C. Let’s Practice Your Understanding

Activity 1
Directions: Write True if the statement is true for any given data set; otherwise, write
False.
______1. The 5th decile is equal to the 2nd quartile.
______2. The mean is equal to the 2nd quartile.
______3. P50 is equal to the median.
______4. Q3 is equal to P75.
______5. D8 is equal to P88.

10
Activity 2
Direction: Read the problem carefully then answer the questions that follow. Encircle
the letter of the correct answer.
The owner of a coffee shop recorded the number of customers who came into
his café each hour in a day. The results were 14, 10, 12, 9, 17, 5, 8, 9, 14, 10, and 11.

1. Find the lower quartile(Q1) and upper quartile(Q3) of the data.

2. How many customers are below Q1? How about above Q3 in terms of each hour in
a day?

3. Which hour of the day has less customers? Has more customers?

Activity 3
Directions: Solve the following problem carefully.
The scores of Miss World candidates from seven judges were recorded as follows:

8.45, 9.20, 8.56, 9.13, 8.67, 8.85, and 9.17.

1. Find the 6th decile or D6 of the judges’ scores.

2. What is the P35 of the judges’ scores?

3. Find upper quartile (Q3) of the judges’ score.

D. Let’s Check Your Understanding

Directions: Read the problem carefully and analyze it then solve it. Encircle the letter
of the correct answer.

The following are scores of the ten students in their 40–item quiz.

25 33 34 23 15 13 27 36 21 20

1. What are the scores of the students which are less than or equal to 25% of the
data?
A. 21, 20, 15 B. 20, 15, 13 C. 25, 23, 20 D. 34, 33, 25

11
2. What is the median score of the students from the problem above?
A. 24.5 B.14 C. 24 D.23.5

3. What are scores of the students greater than or equal to the upper Quartile?
A. 36, 21, 20 B. 33, 35, 36 C. 27, 33, 34 D. 33, 34, 36
4. How to interpolate the 3rd Quartile? What is the correct order of the steps to
interpolate?
I. Subtract the 7th data from the 8th data.
II. Multiply the result by the decimal part obtained in the third step
(Position of Q3).
III. Add the result in step 2, to the 7th or smaller number.
IV. First, arrange the scores in ascending order.

A. IV-I-II-III B. I-II-IV-III C. IV-I-III-II D. III- I-II-IV

5. Which of the following quantiles represents the median score?

A. P50, Q2 & D5 B. P50, Q50 & D5 C. P5, Q2 & D50 D. P50, Q2.5 & D5

E. Let’s Extend Your Understanding

Directions: Complete the Cross Quantile Puzzle by finding the specified measures of
position. Use linear interpolation. (In filling the boxes, disregard the decimal point. For
example, 15.8 should be written as:

1 5 8

Given: Scores 5, 7, 12, 14, 15, 22, 25, 30, 36, 42, 53, 65

1. 2. 3.
Across:

4. 2. D8
/0(1,#)
4. #&&

2&(1,#)
8. #&&
5. 6.
9. P9
Down:
7. 8.
1. Q2
9. 2&(1,#)
3. #&&

5. P40
6. P52
7. P54
12
 Week Calculates a specified measure of position [e.g. 90th
2.1 percentile] of a set of data (M10SP-IVb-1).

Objective:
Calculate the measures of position of ungrouped data.

A. Let’s Review Your Understanding

Directions: Answer the questions below. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. It divides the distribution into two equal parts.
A. mean B. mode C. median D. quartile

2. The scores of the 15-item quiz of 11 students of Mathematics 10 subject are

7, 7, 8 ,8, 9, 9, 11,12,13,13,14. What is the median?
A. 7 B. 8 C. 9 D. 11

3. How to get the median of the following scores 15, 7, 11 ,8, 13, 9, 9, 8,12, 7,13 ?
A. add the following scores
B. divide the following set of scores
C. add the set of scores and divide by two
D. arrange the scores ascendingly and get the middlemost data

B. Let’s Build Your Understanding

Example 1:
The HK pizza corner of Libjo recorded the number of customers who came into his
snack inn each hour in a day. The results were 14, 10, 12, 9, 17, 5, 8, 9, 14, 10, and
11. Find the lower quartile and upper quartile of the data.
Solution:
• In ascending order, the data are 5, 8, 9, 9, 10, 10, 11, 12, 14, 14, 17
• The least value in the data is 5 and the greatest value in the data is 17.
• The middle value in the data is 10.
• The lower quartile is the value that is between the middle value and the least
value in the data set.
• So, the lower quartile is 9.
• The upper quartile is the value that is between the middle value and the
greatest value in the data set.
• So, the upper quartile is 14.

Example 2:

The data set are {1, 3, 7, 7, 16, 21, 27, 30, 31} and n = 9.
%
To find Q3, locate its position using the formula $ (n +1) and round off to the nearest
integer.

13
 %
Position of Q3 = $ (n + 1)

%
= $ (9 + 1)
%
= $ (10)
= 7.5

Since the result is a decimal number, interpolation is needed.

Interpolate the value to obtain the 3rd quartile.

Steps of Interpolation
Step 1: Subtract the 7th data from the 8th data.
30 - 27 = 3
Step 2: Multiply the result by the decimal part obtained in the second step
(Position of Q3).
3(0.5) = 1.5
Step 3: Add the result in step 2, to the 3rd or smaller number.
27 + 1.5 = 28.5
Therefore, the value of Q3 = 28.5.

Note: As we can see, these methods sometimes (but not always) produce the
same results.

C. Let’s Practice your Understanding

Activity 1
Directions: Find the first Quartile (Q1), the second Quartile (Q2), and the third quartile
(Q3) using linear Interpolation and Mendenhall Sincich Method. Select your answer
in the box below. Write your answer on the space provided.

Ms.Catipan an SSG President of GANHS assigned her co-officers to list all the
students who did not wear face mask within their barangay who have 10 Purok
respectively. The data are listed on the table.

No. of No. of
Name Name
Violators Violators
Jean Rose – Pk.1 10 Leny Mae- Pk.6 11
Lovely – Pk.2 13 Raizalyn-Pk.7 14
Francis Bart – Pk.3 14 Sheilamae-Pk.8 13
Joshua – Pk.4 13 Kent Bryan-Pk.9 15
Princess Andrea –
15 Airen- Pk.10 12
Pk.5

11.75 12.00 13.00 14.00 14.25

Q1 = ________ Q2 = ________ Q3 = ________

14
Activity 2
Directions: Read and answer the problem below. Select your answer from the box
below. Write your answer on the space provided.

Mr. Caitum is a machine shop owner of General Aguinaldo, Libjo, D.I. In this
pandemic time, he asked his worker to record the time spent in each customers
who want their services and he record 15 customer for a week. The following
are service times in minutes. 10, 25, 45, 38, 36, 32, 20, 56, 55, 28, 37, 60, 47,
52, 17. Find the value of the 2nd decile, 6th decile, and 8th decile.

25.60 32.60 46.60 54.60 55

D2 = ________ D6 = ________ D8 = ________

Activity 3
Directions: Read the problem below. Write your answer on the space provided.
The scores of Miss Libjo candidates from seven judges were recorded as
follows: 9.49, 9.30, 8.46, 9.23, 8.47, 8.65, and 9.27. Find the 60th percentile or
P60 of the judges’ scores. What is the P35 of the judges’ scores? What is the P95
of the judges’ scores?

9.294 8.65 8.164 9.27 9.49

P60 = ________ P35 = ________ P95 = ________

D. Let’s Check Your Understanding

Directions: Read and answer the following questions carefully. Encircle the letter of
the correct answer.
1. In this set of scores 14, 17, 14, 11, 12, 9, 8, 9, 8, 7 and 4 find the value of lower
quartile?
A. 4 B. 7 C. 8 D. 9

2. Find the first quartile in the following scores: 4, 9, 7, 14, 10, 8, 12, 15, 6, 11 of their
Mathematics activities using the Mendenhall and Sincich method.
A. 6 B. 7 C. 8 D. 8.5

3. Find the 6th decile of the following test scores in Mathematics 10 subject: 35, 24,25,
26,40,23,18,20,39,34.
A. 23 B. 24 C. 34 D. 26

4. If 32 is the 40th percentile of the following test scores 20, 28, 32, 25, 37, 40, 35, 45,
43, 42 in Mathematics examination what is the 80th percentile of the following
scores?
A. 20 B. 42 C. 40 D. 37

15
5. How can the position of a certain value in a given set of data be described?
A. Using each measure
B. By using the measure of positions like quartiles, deciles, and percentile
C. By using the measures of uncertainty
D. All of the above

E. Let’s Extend Your Understanding

Cleanest Purok
Directions: Create a scenario of the task in paragraph form incorporating GRASPS:

Goal: Make your own criteria in choosing the Cleanest Purok

Role: Students by Section
Audience: School Administration and Supreme Student Government
Situation: The SSG Officers will grant cash prizes and additional assistance to
environmental program of the school for those who will qualify based on
the given standard.
Product: Criteria
Standards: Understanding of task, completion of task, communication of findings,
group process.

Rubric for Assessing Student’s Performance (Group Task)

Standards 4 3 2 1
Demonstrated a Demonstrated Demonstrated Demonstrated
substantial understanding of gaps in minimal
understanding of the context and understanding of understanding of
the content task, even though the content and the content.
Understanding
processes, and some supporting task.
of Task demands of the ideas or details
task. may have been
overlooked or
misunderstood.
Fully achieved the Accomplished the Completed most Attempted to
purpose of the task. of the task. accomplish the
Completion of task including task, but with little
Task thoughtful, or no success.
interpretations,
and conjectures.
Communicated Communicated Communicated Did not finish the
their ideas and their findings their ideas and investigation
findings effectively. findings. and/or were not
effectively, raised able to
Communication interesting and communicate
of Findings provocative ideas very well.
questions, and
went beyond what
was expected.
Used all their time Worked well Worked together Did not work very
productively. together most of some of the time. productively as a
the time. group.
Everyone was Not everyone
Group Process involved and They usually contributed equal Not everyone
contributed to the listened to each efforts to the task. contributed to the
group process and other and used group effort.
product. each other’s
ideas.

16
 Week Calculates a specified measure of position [e.g. 90th
2.2 percentile] of a set of data (M10SP-IVb-1).

Objective:
Calculate the measures of quartiles, deciles and percentiles for grouped data.

A. Let’s Review Your Understanding

Directions: Answer the questions below. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. In computing the quartile of the data, we need to consider the ____.
A. decile B. mean C. median D. mode

2. The median score is also the ____.

A. 75th percentile C. 5th decile
B. 3rd decile D. 1st quartile

3. When the distribution is divided into four equal parts, each score point that
describes the distribution is called a ____.
A. decile B. median C. percentile D. quartile

B. Let’s Build Your Understanding

Quartile
The quartiles are the score points which divide a distribution into four equal
parts. Twenty-five percent (25%) of the distribution are below the first quartile,
fifty percent (50%) are below the second quartile, and seventy-five percent
(75%) are below the third quartile. Q1 is called the lower quartile and Q3 is the
upper quartile. Q1 < Q2 < Q3, where Q2 is the median.

In computing the quartiles of grouped data, the following formula is used

𝑘𝑁
− 𝑐𝑓=
𝑄. = 𝐿𝐵 + 7 4 @𝑖
𝑓>?

Where: LB = lower boundary of the Qk class

N = total frequency
cfb = cumulative frequency of the class before the Qk class
fQk = frequency of the Qk class
i = size of class interval
k = nth quartile, where n= 1, 2, and 3

17
Example :
Calculate the Q1 , Q2 , and Q3 of the Mathematics test scores of 50 students.

Scores Frequency
46-50 4
41-45 8
36-40 11
31-35 9
26-30 12
21-25 6

Solution:
Less than
Class Lower
Frequency Cumulative
Interval Boundaries
(f) Frequency
Scores (LB)
(<cf)
46-50 4 45.5 50
41-45 8 40.5 46
36-40 11 35.5 38 (28th – 38th score) Q3 class
31-35 9 30.5 27 (19th – 27th score) Q2 class
26-30 12 25.5 18 ( 7th – 18th score) Q1 class
21-25 6 20.5 6
N= 50

To find Q1:
B 0&
Q1 class: $ = $
𝐿𝐵 = 25.5
= 12.5 𝑁 = 50
𝑐𝑓= = 6
This means we need to find 𝑓>H = 12
the class interval where 12.5th 𝑖=5
score is contained.
This means we need to find 𝑁
the class interval where − 𝑐𝑓=
12.5th score is contained. 𝑄# = 𝐿𝐵 + 7 4 @𝑖
𝑓>H
#K.0L/
Note that the 7th – 18th scores 𝑄# = 25.5 + J M
#K
belong to the class interval : /.0
26-30. 𝑄# = 25.5 + J #K M
So, the 12.5th score is also 6.5
𝑄# = 25.5 + N O
within the class interval. The 12
Q1 class is class interval 26- 𝑄# = 25.5 + [6]
30. 𝑄# = 28.21

Therefore, 25% of the students have a score less than or equal to 28.21.

18
To find Q2:
KB K(0&)
Q2 class : $
= $
𝐿𝐵 = 30.5
#&&
= $
𝑁 = 50
=25 𝑐𝑓= = 18
𝑓>T = 9
𝑖=5

2𝑁 This means we need to find

− 𝑐𝑓= the class interval where 25th
𝑄K = 𝐿𝐵 + 7 4 @𝑖 score is contained.
𝑓>T
25 − 18 Note that the 19th – 27th
𝑄K = 30.5 + N O5
9 scores belong to the class
7 interval : 31-35.
𝑄K = 30.5 + N O 5 So, the 25th score is also
9
𝑄K = 30.5 + [0.78]5 within the class interval. The
𝑄K = 30.5 + 3.9 Q2 class is class interval 31-
𝑄K = 34.4 35.

Therefore, 50% of the students have a score less than or equal to 34.39.

To find Q3:
%B %(0&)
Q3 class : $ = $ 𝐿𝐵 = 35.5
#0&
= $
𝑁 = 50
=37.5 𝑐𝑓= = 27
𝑓>T = 11
𝑖=5
3𝑁
− 𝑐𝑓=
𝑄% = 𝐿𝐵 + 7 4 @𝑖
𝑓>T
%W.0LKW
𝑄% = 35.5 + J ##
M5
#&.0
𝑄% = 35.5 + J ## M 5
𝑄% = 35.5 + [0.95]5
𝑄% = 35.5 + 4.75
𝑄% = 40.25

This means we need to find the class interval where 37.5th score is contained.

Note that the 28th – 38th scores belong to the class interval : 36-40.
So, the 37.5th score is also within the class interval. The Q3 class is class interval 36-
40.

Therefore, 75% of the students have a score less than or equal to 40.25.

19
The Deciles for Grouped Data

Deciles are those values that divide the total frequency into 10 equal parts. The
kth decile denoted by Dk is computed as follows:

𝑘𝑁
− 𝑐𝑓=
𝐷. = 𝐿𝐵 + 7 10 @𝑖
𝑓Y?

where: LB = lower boundary of the Dk class

N = total frequency
cfb = cumulative frequency before the Dk class
fDk = frequency of the Dk class
i = size of the class interval
k = nth decile where n= 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, and 9

Example:

Calculate the 7th decile of the Mathematics test scores of 50 students.

Scores Frequency
46-50 4
41-45 8
36-40 11
31-35 9
26-30 12
21-25 6

Solution:

Class Less than

Frequency Lower
Interval Cumulative
(f) Boundaries(LB)
Scores Frequency(<cf)
46-50 4 45.5 50
41-45 8 40.5 46
36-40 11 35.5 38 ( 28th-38th score)
31-35 9 30.5 27 D7 class
26-30 12 25.5 18
21-25 6 20.2 6
N= 50 7𝑁
− 𝑐𝑓=
𝟕𝑵 𝟕(𝟓𝟎) 𝐷W = 𝐿𝐵 + 7 10 @𝑖
D7 class: = 𝑓Y`
𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎
%0LKW
𝟑𝟓𝟎 𝐷W = 35.5 + J ##
M5
= 𝟏𝟎 a
𝐷W = 35.5 + J##M 5
= 35 𝐷W = 35.5 + [0.73]5
𝐷W = 35.5 + 3.65
𝐷W = 39.15
20
The D7 class is the class interval 36-40.
Therefore, the 7th decile is equivalent to the 70th percentile. Therefore, 70% of the
students got a score less than or equal to 39.15.

The Percentile for Grouped Data

The percentile of grouped data is used to characterize values according to the

percentage below them.

Finding percentiles of grouped data is similar to that of finding quartiles and deciles of
a grouped data.

The kth percentile, denoted by Pk , is computed as follows:

𝑘𝑁
− 𝑐𝑓=
𝑃. = 𝐿𝐵 + 7100 @𝑖
𝑓c?
where:

LB = lower boundaries of the kth percentile class

N = total frequency
cfb = cumulative frequency before the percentile class
fPk = frequency of the percentile class
i = size of class interval
k = nth percentile where n= 1,2,3,…97,98,and 99

Example:

Calculate the 65th percentile of the Mathematics test scores of 50 students.

Scores Frequency
46-50 4
41-45 8
36-40 11
31-35 9
26-30 12
21-25 6

Solution:

Class Less than

Frequency Lower
Interval Cumulative
(f) Boundaries(LB)
Scores Frequency(<cf)
46-50 4 45.5 50
41-45 8 40.5 46
36-40 11 35.5 38 (28th – 38th score)
31-35 9 30.5 27 P65 class
26-30 12 25.5 18
21-25 6 20.2 6
N=50
21
 /0B /0(0&)
P65 class : $
= $
𝐿𝐵 = 35.5
%K0&
= #&&
𝑁 = 50
=32.5 𝑐𝑓= = 27
𝑓cde = 11
𝑖=5
65𝑁
− 𝑐𝑓=
𝑃/0 = 𝐿𝐵 + 7 100 @𝑖
𝑓c?
32.5 − 27
𝑃/0 = 35.5 + N O5
11
0.0
𝑃/0 = 35.5 + J ## M 5
𝑃/0 = 35.5 + [0.5]5
𝑃/0 = 35.5 + 2.5
𝑃/0 = 38

The P65 class is the class interval 36-40.

Therefore, 65% of the students got a score less than or equal to 36-40.

C. Let’s Practice your Understanding

Activity 1
Directions: Read the problem below. Select your answers from the box below. Write
your answer on the space provided.

The following was the second quarter score of the 45 students of grade 10
Einstein and Newton of General Aguinaldo NHS in their first performance task.
Calculate the 3rd quartile, 85th percentile and 4th decile?

Class Interval
Students
Scores
41-45 11
36-40 6
31-35 9
26-30 7
21-25 8
16-20 4

40.25 40.29 42. 43 30.01 29.79

Q3 = ________ P85 = ________ D4 = ________

22
Activity 2
Directions: Read the problem below. Select your answer from the box below. Write
your answer on the space provided.
Find the 1st quartile, 7th decile and 35th percentile for the following distribution.
Class Interval Frequency
151-160 8
141-150 12
131-140 6
121-130 10
111-120 7
101-110 11
91-100 13
81-90 9
71-80 4

95.86 95.88 133.83 101.32 102.32

Q1 = ________ D7 = ________ P35 = ________

D. Let’s Check Your Understanding

Directions: Read and answer the following questions carefully. Encircle the letter of
the correct answer.
1. The nine score -points which divide a distribution into ten groups is called___?
A. Decile C. Quartile
B. Percentile D. Both A and B

2. When the lower quartile is equal to 25th percentile upper quartile is____?
A. 50th percentile C. 75th percentile
B. 3rd decile D. 100%

For questions 3-5 refer the frequency distribution below.

Less than
Lower
Cumulative
Class Interval F boundaries
frequency
LB
<cf
81-90 7 60 80.5
71-80 10 53 70.5
61-70 15 43 60.5
51-60 4 28 50.5
41-50 12 24 40.5
31-40 6 12 30.5
21-30 3 6 20.5
11-20 2 3 10.5
1-10 1 1 0.5

23
3. Compute D6 given the frequency distribution above.
A. 65.83 B.69.83 C.72.5 D.75.5

4. Find P70.
A. 48 B. 50.5 C.65.83 D.69.83

5. Solve for Q3.

A. 34 B.35.5 C.43 D. 72.5

E. Let’s Extend Your Understanding

Directions: Write a reflection journal entitled “Measure of Position: using the format:
I. Things Learned and Insights
II. Concept Map
III. Difficulties
IV. Unforgettable Experiences/ Activities

Criteria Rating Indicator Score

10 Answer is very organized, with well-constructed
paragraphs and information is factual and correct.
8 Answer is organized, with well-constructed paragraphs
and information is factual and correct.
Organization 5 Answer is organized, but paragraphs are not well
constructed and information is factual.
3 Answer appears to be disorganized, and is suspect to
being factual and correct.
1 Answer is not only disorganized but inaccurate.
10 No grammatical, spelling or punctuation errors
8 Almost no grammatical, spelling, or punctuation
errors.
Mechanics 5 A few grammatical, spelling or punctuation errors.
3 Many grammatical, spelling or punctuation errors.
1 Way too many grammatical, spelling or punctuation
errors.
Total

24
Week 3 Interprets measures of position (M10SP-IVc-1).

Objectives:
Determine the relationship between quartiles, deciles, and percentiles.
Interprets quartiles, deciles, and percentiles.

A. Let’s Review Your Understanding

Directions: Read each question carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. What is the value of 50th percentile in the following set of data?

46, 30, 34, 25, 51, 55, 39
A. 25 B. 34 C. 39 D. 51
2. Which of the following is equal to the upper quartile?
A. 7th decile B. 9th decile C. 25th percentile D. 75th percentile

3. Which decile determines 40% of the data?

A. 4th decile B. 5th decile C. 6th decile D. 8th decile

B. Let’s Build Your Understanding

In interpreting measures of position, understanding the relationship between
quantiles (quartiles, deciles and percentiles) are necessary.

Key Concepts:

• Quartiles - the score points which divide a distribution into four equal parts.
• Deciles - the nine score points which divide a distribution into ten equal parts.
• Percentiles - the ninety-nine score points which divide a distribution into one
#
hundred equal parts so that each part represents #&& of the data set.

• Low percentiles are always associated with lower data values.

• High percentiles are always associated with higher data values.
• Having low or high percentiles may or may not correspond to the value
judgment whether it is good or bad. It depends upon the situation of the given
problem.

25
 The relationship between quartiles, deciles, and percentiles is illustrated below.

From the given diagram, the following can be observed:

a. Median= Q2 = D5= P50
b. Q1 is between P20 and P30. Therefore,
Q1 = P25
Q3 is between P70 and P80. Therefore,
Q3 = P75.
c. D1 = P10 ; D2 = P20 ; D3 = P30 ; D4 = P40 ;…

Example 1: Anna’s score in a 50-item test is 37 which is in the third quartile. What
does this mean?
Illustration:
Q3 = P75

Interpretation:
• 75% of the students got a score of less than or equal to 37.
• 25% of the students got a score of greater than or equal to 37.
• Anna got a percentile rank of 75 which means her score is greater than or
equal to 75% of the students who took the test.

In this problem, a higher percentile is good because getting more points in the
exam is desirable.

Example 2: The 6th decile time for finishing the freestyle race in the DIPAM was 14.5
seconds. In light of the situation, interpret the result.
Illustration:
D6 = P60

Interpretation:
• 60% of the swimmers completed the race in 14.5 seconds or less.
• 40% of the swimmers completed the race in 14.5 seconds or more.

In this situation, a lower percentile is good because finishing the race faster is
desirable in order to win.
26
Example 3: Mark took a 40- item summative test in English and says that the test is
so difficult. There were 60 students who took the test and his score is 30 which is the
3rd decile. Would you agree with Mark that the test is difficult?

Guide Questions:
1. If the passing is 75%, would he have passed the test?
2. What percent of the students passed/failed the test?
3. Did the majority of the class pass or fail?
4. Would you agree with Mark that the test is difficult?

Illustration:
D3 = P30

Answers:
𝟑𝟎
1. Compute the equivalent rate of Mark: 𝟒𝟎 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓 𝒐𝒓 𝟕𝟓% ; Yes, Mark passed the
test since his rating is 75% which is the passing grade.
2. Since Mark score is the passing score, therefore 70% passed the test and 30%
failed the test.
3. Majority passed the test since 70% of the class passed the test.
4. No, because 70% of the students passed and though Mark’s score is in the low
decile, he was able to pass the test. So, this concludes that the test is easy.

Example 4: The table shows the score of 15 students in Mathematics quiz.

24, 20, 11, 22, 14, 17, 14, 18, 19, 13, 19, 21, 23, 17, 15

a. How many students have scores less than or equal to Q1?

b. How many students have scores greater than D5?
c. If a certain student got a score of 21, what percent of the students are
above his score?

Solution:
Arrange the scores in ascending order.

a. Find the position of Q1.

# # #
Position of Q1= $ (𝑛 + 1) =$ (15 + 1) = $ (16) = 4 or 4th term
Since Q1 is the 4th term, therefore, there are four students whose scores are
less than or equal to Q1.
b. Find the position of D5.
0 0 0
Position of D5= #& (𝑛 + 1) =#& (15 + 1) = #& (16) = 8 or 8th term
Since D5 is the 8th term, therefore there are seven students whose scores are
greater than D5.

27
 c. Since there are three scores above 21, therefore 20% of the scores are
above his score.
%
Sol.: = 0.2 = 20%
#0

Example 5: The following table shows the heights in centimeters of Grade 7 students.

a. Calculate D4 and interpret the result.

b. What percent of the students got a height of
161.5 cm and above?

𝒌𝑵
L 𝒄𝒇𝒃
a. 𝐷. = 𝐿𝐵 + j 𝟏𝟎𝒇 p 𝒊
𝑫𝒌

$B $(2&)
𝐷$ 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠: #& = #&
= 36

𝐿𝐵 = 153.5
Solution:
𝑐𝑓= = 23
𝑓 = 17
𝑖=3
𝟑𝟔L 𝟐𝟑
𝐷$ = 153.5 + v 𝟏𝟕
y3

= 153.5 + 2.29
= 𝟏𝟓𝟓. 𝟕𝟗
The 4th decile is equal to P40.
This means, 40% of the 90 Grade 7
students have heights less than or
equal to 155.79 cm and that 60% of
them have heights greater than or
equal to 155.79 cm.

28
b. Find what percentile is161.5 cm.
Given:
𝑃. = 161.5 𝐿𝐵 = 159.5 𝑐𝑓 = 55
𝑓 = 12 𝑁 = 90 𝑖=3
#&& (cL|})𝒇𝑷
𝑃𝑅 = J + 𝑐𝑓c M
B •

#&& (#/#.0L#02.0)𝟏𝟐
= J + 55M
2& % This implies that 70% of
#&& (K)#K the 90 students in Grade 7
= J + 55M
2& % have heights less or equal to
#&& 161.5 cm. Therefore, 30% of
= [8 + 55]
2& the 90 students in Grade 7
𝑃𝑅 = 70 have heights greater than or
equal to 161.5 cm
Thus, 161.5 cm is the 70th percentile.

C. Let’s Practice Your Understanding

Activity 1
Directions: Identity what is being asked in each question. Write your answer on the
space provided.
Given a 50-item test in Statistics, Mary got a score of 44 which is the 8th decile.
Interpret the result in the context of the situation.

Guide questions:
1. What is the equivalent value of 8th decile to percentile?

2. How would you interpret the result?

3. Is having high percentile good in this situation? Why?

29
Activity 2: What Is My Value?
Directions: Identity what is being asked in each question. Write your answer on the
space provided.
In a group of 15, you and some of your classmates in your Grade 10 class are
ranked according to height from shortest to tallest. If you are the 3rd quartile,
how many students are taller than you granting nobody is as tall as you?
Guide questions:
1. What is your position with respect to the other members from the group?

2. What percent of the students is as tall as or shorter than you?

3. What percent of the students is as tall as or taller than you?

4. How many students are taller than you granting nobody is as tall as you?

Activity 3
Directions: Identity what is being asked in each question. Encircle the letter of the
correct answer.
The table shows the Mathematics test scores of 50 students.
Less than
Scores Frequency Cumulative
Frequency
46-50 4
41-45 8
36-40 11
31-35 9
26-30 12
21-25 6

1. Complete the table above.

2. If one of the students taking the test is Patrick whose score is 48, what
percentile is his score? What does this imply?

30
 3. What is the percentile rank of Patrick? What does this imply?

4. Should Patrick be glad about his score or not? Explain your answer.

D. Let’s Check Your Understanding

Direction: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. In a 70-item test, Melody got a score of 50 which is the third quartile. What does
this mean?
A. She got the highest score.
B. She surpassed 75% of her classmates.
C. Her score is higher than 25% of her classmates.
D. Seventy-five percent of the class did not pass the test.

2. The 1st quartile of the ages of 250 fourth year students is 16 years old. Which of
the following statements is true?
A. Most of the students are below 16 years old.
B. Twenty-five percent of the students are 16 years old.
C. One hundred fifty students are younger than 16 years.
D. Seventy-five percent of the students are 16 years old and above.

3. In a 100-item test, the passing mark is the 3rd quartile. What does it imply?
A. The students should answer at least 75 items correctly to pass the test.
B. The students should answer at least 50 items correctly to pass the test.
C. The students should answer at most 75 items correctly to pass the test.
D. The students should answer at most 50 items correctly to pass the test.

4. Rochelle got a score of 55 which is equivalent to 70th percentile in a mathematics

test. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Her score is below the 5th decile.
B. She scored above 70% of her classmates.
C. Thirty percent of the class got scores of 55 and above.
D. If the passing mark is the first quartile, she passed the test.

5. In the National Career Assessment Examination (NCAE), John got a score of 35

on a mathematics test and this score was greater than or equal to the scores of
75% of the students taking the test. Which statement is correct?
A. John has a rating of 75% in mathematics.
B. John got the highest score in mathematics.
C. John has percentile rank of 75 in mathematics.
D. John has answered correctly 75% of the questions in math.

31
E. Let’s Extend Your Understanding

Direction: Answer what is being asked below.

Dennis and Christine scored 32 and 23, respectively, in the National Career
Assessment Examination (NCAE). The determining factor for a college scholarship is
that a student’s score should be in the top 10% of the scores of his/her graduating
class. The students in the graduating class obtained the following scores in the NCAE.
NCAE f LB <cf
Scores
39 – 41 6
36 – 38 7
33 – 35 9
30 – 32 13
27 – 29 22
24 – 26 10
21 – 23 9
18 – 20 7
15 – 17 8
12 – 14 4
9 – 11 2
6–8 1
3–5 1

1. Complete the table by filling in the values of LB (lower boundaries) and<cf (less
than cumulative frequency). Explain how you arrived at your answers.

2. What is the percentile rank of Dennis and Christine?

3. Based on their percentile and percentile ranks, will Dennis and Christine receive a
scholarship? Explain your answer.

32
 Week Solves problems involving measures of position
4-5 (M10SP-IVd-e-1).

Objective:
Solves problems involving measures of position.

A. Let’s Review Your Understanding

Direction: Answer the following questions. Use your knowledge on Percentile and
Percentile Rank in answering the questions. Encircle the letter of the correct answer

1. The median score is also the ___________.

A. 75th percentile B. 5th decile C. 3rd decile D. 1st quartile

2. When a distribution is divided into a hundred equal parts, each score point that
describes the distribution is called a ___________.
A. percentile B. decile C. quartile D. median

3. Angie ranks 10th in a class of 40. Her percentile rank is ___________.

A. 75 B. 90 C. 10 D. 25

B. Let’s Build Your Understanding

Ungrouped Data

Example:
Given 50 multiple-choice items in their final test in Mathematics, the scores
of 30 students of Grade 10 – LOVE are the following:

23 38 28 46 22 20 18 34 36 35
45 48 16 22 27 25 29 31 30 25
44 21 18 43 21 26 37 29 13 37

Calculate the following using the given data:

1. Q3
2. D3
3. P72

1. Third Quartile (Q3)

Solution:
Using Mendenhall and Sincich Method, first calculate,
.
Lower Quartile (L) = Position of Qk = (n + 1)
$
and round to the nearest integer. If L falls halfway between two integers, round up.
The Lth element is the lower quartile value (Q1).

In ascending order, the data set are:

33
 13 16 18 18 20 21 21 22 22 23
25 25 26 27 28 29 29 30 31 34
35 36 37 37 38 43 44 45 46 48
N = 30
%
To find Q3, locate its position using formula $ (n + 1) and round off to the nearest
integer.
%
Position of Q3 = $ (n + 1)

13 16 18 18 20 21 21 22 22 23
%
= $ (30 + 1) 25 25 26 27 28 29 29 30 31 34
%
35 36 37 37 38 43 44 45 46 48
= $ (31)
2% 3rd Quartile
= $

= 23.25

The computed value 23.25 becomes 23 after rounding down. The Upper quartile value
(Q3) is the 23rd data element, so Q3 = 37.

2. Third Decile (D3)

Solution:
First arrange the scores in ascending order.
13 16 18 18 20 21 21 22 22 23
25 25 26 27 28 29 29 30 31 34
35 36 37 37 38 43 44 45 46 48
N = 30
.
To find D3 position, use the formula Dk = #& (n + 1) and round off to the nearest
integer.
%
Position of D3 = #& (30 + 1)
%
= #& (31) 13 16 18 18 20 21 21 22 22 23
2%
25 25 26 27 28 29 29 30 31 34
= #& 35 36 37 37 38 43 44 45 46 48
= 9.3 ≈9 3rd Decile
D3 is the 9th element
Therefore, D3 = 22.

3. 40th Percentile (P40)

34
 Solution:
Arrange the scores from lowest to highest.
13 16 18 18 20 21 21 22 22 23
25 25 26 27 28 29 29 30 31 34
35 36 37 37 38 43 44 45 46 48
N = 30
.
To find its P40 position use the formula #&&
(n + 1) and round off to the nearest
integer.

$&
Position of P40 = #&& (30 + 1)
13 16 18 18 20 21 21 22 22 23
$&
= #&& (31) 25 25 26 27 28 29 29 30 31 34
35 36 37 37 38 43 44 45 46 48
#K$&
= #&&
40th Percentile
= 12.4 ≈12

P40 is the 12th element. Therefore, P40 = 25.

INTERPOLATION – it is an ESTIMATION of a value within two known values in a

sequence of values. Using Interpolation method sometimes (but not always) produces
the same result.

Since the above results after using the Mendenhall and Sincich Method has a
decimal, then it is advisable to interpolate the results.
i. Interpolate the value to obtain the 3rd quartile.
Steps of Interpolation
Step 1: Subtract the 23rd data from the 24th data.
37 - 37 = 0
Step 2: Multiply the result by the decimal part obtained in the second step
(Position of Q3).
0(0.25) = 0
Step 3: Add the result in step 2, to the 23rd or smaller number.
37 + 0 = 37
Therefore, the value of Q3 = 37.

ii. Interpolate the value to obtain the 3rd decile.

Steps of Interpolation
Step 1: Subtract the 9th data from the 10th data.
23 - 22 = 1

35
 Step 2: Multiply the result by the decimal part obtained in the second step
(Position of D3).
1(0.3) = 0.3
Step 3: Add the result in step 2, to the 9th or smaller number.
22 + 0.3 = 22.3
Therefore, the value of D3 = 22.3.

iii. Interpolate the value to obtain the 40th percentile.

Steps of Interpolation
Step 1: Subtract the 12th data from the 13th data.
26 - 25 = 1
Step 2: Multiply the result by the decimal part obtained in the second step
(Position of P40).
1(0.4) = 0.4
Step 3: Add the result in step 2, to the 12th or smaller number.
25 + 0.4 = 25.04
Therefore, the value of P40 = 25.04.

Grouped Data

Let us have an example using the grouped data.

Example 2:
Daily Allowance of 60 Grade 10 students

Class Interval f
81 – 90 7
71 – 80 10
61 – 70 15
51 – 60 4
41 – 50 12
31 – 40 6
21 – 30 3
11 – 20 2
1 – 10 1

Given the frequency distribution, calculate the following:

1. Q1
2. D8
3. P50

36
1. First Quartile (Q1)
Solution:
Lower
Class Interval f Boundaries <cf
(LB)
81 – 90 7 80.5 60
71 – 80 10 70.5 53
61 – 70 15 60.5 43
51 – 60 4 50.5 28
41 – 50 12 40.5 24 (13th – 24th score)
31 – 40 6 30.5 12 Q1 class

21 – 30 3 20.5 6
11 – 20 2 10.5 3
1 – 10 1 0.5 1

N = 60
B /&
Q1 class: $
= $
= 15
This means we need to find the class interval where 15th score is contained.

Note that the 13th – 24th scores belong to the class interval: 41 – 50. So, the
15th score is also within the class interval.

The Q1 class is class interval 41 – 50.

•
LB = 40.5 Lƒ„…
Q1 = LB + j p i
‚
N = 60 „†H
𝑐𝑓= = 12
d‡
𝑓>H = 12 L#K
Q1 = 40.5 + j p 10
‚
#K
i = 10
Q1 = 43

Therefore, 25% of the students have an allowance less than or equal to 43.

37
2. 7th Decile (D8)
Solution:
Lower
Class Interval f Boundaries <cf
(LB)
81 – 90 7 80.5 60
71 – 80 10 70.5 53
61 – 70 15 60.5 43 (29th – 43rd score)
51 – 60 4 50.5 28 D7 class

41 – 50 12 40.5 24
31 – 40 6 30.5 12
21 – 30 3 20.5 6
11 – 20 2 10.5 3
1 – 10 1 0.5 1

N = 60

WB W(/&)
D7 class: #&
= #&
$K&
= #&

= 42

This means we need to find the class interval where the 42nd score is
contained.
Note that the 29th – 43rd scores belong to the class interval: 61 – 70. So, the
nd
42 score is also within the class interval.

The D7 class is class interval 61 – 70.

`•
LB = 60.5 H‡
Lƒ„…
D7 = LB + j p i
N = 60 „ˆ`
𝑐𝑓= = 28 ‚T‡
H‡
LKa
𝑓Y` = 15 D7 = 60.5 + j p 10
#0
i = 10
D7 = 69.83

7th decile is equivalent to 80th percentile. Therefore, 80% of the students have
an allowance less than or equal to 69.83.

38
3. 50th Percentile (P50)
Solution:
Lower
Class Interval f Boundaries <cf
(LB)
81 – 90 7 80.5 60
71 – 80 10 70.5 53
61 – 70 15 60.5 43 (29th – 43rd score)
P50 class
51 – 60 4 50.5 28
41 – 50 12 40.5 24
31 – 40 6 30.5 12
21 – 30 3 20.5 6
11 – 20 2 10.5 3
1 – 10 1 0.5 1

N = 60

0&B 0&(/&)
P50 class: #&&
= #&&
%&&&
= #&&

= 30
This means we need to find the class interval where the 30th score is
contained.
Note that the 29th – 43rd scores belong to the class interval: 61 – 70. So, the
th
30 score is also within the class interval.
The P50 class is class interval 61 – 70.
e‡•
H‡‡
Lƒ„…
LB = 60.5 P50 = LB + j p i
„‰e‡
N = 60
𝑐𝑓= = 28 Š‡‡‡
H‡‡
LKa
𝑓ce‡ = 15 P50 = 60.5 + j p 10
#0
i = 10
P50 = 61.83

Therefore, 50% of the students have an allowance less than or equal to 61.83.

39
PERCENTILE RANK – are particularly useful in relating individual scores to their
positions in the entire group.
– it is typically defined as the proportion of scores in a
distribution that a specific score is greater than or equal to.

– these are the rank not the scores.

Example 3:

Nicole scored 32 in the National Career Assessment Examination

(NCAE). The students in the graduating class obtained the following scores in the
NCAE. What is the percentile rank of Nicole?

Solution:
Lower
NCAE
f Boundaries <cf
Scores
(LB)
39 – 41 6 38.5 99
36 – 38 7 35.5 93
33 – 35 9 32.5 86
30 – 32 13 29.5 77
27 – 29 22 26.5 64
24 – 26 10 23.5 42
21 – 23 9 20.5 32
18 – 20 7 17.5 23
15 – 17 8 14.5 16
12 – 14 4 11.5 8
9 – 11 2 8.5 4
6–8 1 5.5 2
3–5 1 2.5 1

N = 99
32 is within 30 – 32
#&& (cL|})„‰
LB = 29.5 PPR = +J + 𝑐𝑓𝑃 M
P = 32 B •
N = 99 #&& (%KLK2.0)#%
𝑓c = 13 PPR = +J + 64M
22 %
𝑐𝑓c = 64
PPR = 75.84
i=3

Round off the resulting value to the nearest whole number.

Therefore, 76% of the graduating students scores less than 32, while 24% of
the graduating students scores greater than 32.

40
C. Let’s Practice Your Understanding
Activity 1
Directions: Read the situation carefully and encircle the correct answer.
Time
People
(hours)
2 450
4 1500
A total of 8000 people visited a
6 2300 shopping mall over 12 hours.
8 5700
10 6850
12 8000

1. Estimate the third quartile (when 75% of the visitors had arrived)
A. 7137.5 B. 7525.25 C. 6976.5 D. 7001.25

2. Estimate the 40th percentile (when 40% of the visitors had arrived.
A. 2150 B. 2145 C. 2140 D. 2054
3. Estimate the 5th decile (when 50% of the visitors had arrived).
A. 5500 B. 5930 C. 6225 D. 6030
Activity 2
Direction: Read the situation carefully and encircle the correct answer.

The following is a distribution for the number of employees in 45 companies

belonging to a certain industry.

Number of Number of
Employees Companies
41 – 45 11
36 – 40 6
31 – 35 9
26 – 30 7
21 – 25 8
16 – 20 4

1. What is the 3rd quartile of the number of employees given the number of companies?
A. 40 B. 40.3 C.41 D. 41.5

2. What is the 4th decile of the number of employees given the number of companies?
A. 28.5 B. 29 C. 29.8 D. 30

3. What is the 85th percentile of the number of employees given the number of
companies?
A. 41 B. 41.24 C. 42 D. 42.25
41
 Activity 3
Direction: Read the situation carefully and encircle the correct answer.
Christine and Mark scored 23 and 30, respectively in the National Career
Assessment Examination (NCAE). The determining factor for a college scholarship
is that a student’s score should be in the top 10% of the scores of his/her
graduating class. The students in the graduating class obtained the following
scores in the NCAE. Write your solution in a separate sheet of paper.
NCAE Scores f
39 – 41 6
36 – 38 7
33 – 35 9
30 – 32 13
27 – 29 22
24 – 26 10
21 – 23 9
18 – 20 7
15 – 17 8
12 – 14 4
9 – 11 2
6–8 1
3–5 1

1. What is the percentile rank of Mark?

A. 32nd B. 55th C. 67th D. 76th

2. What is the percentile rank of Christine?

A. 32nd B. 55th C. 67th D. 76th

3. Based on their percentile and percentile ranks, which of the following is true?
A. Only Mark is qualified for a college scholarship.
B. Only Christine is qualified for a college scholarship.
C. Both Christine and Mark are qualified for a college scholarship.
D. Christine and Mark are not qualified for a college scholarship.

D. Let’s Check Your Understanding

Directions: Read each item carefully and choose the letter of your answer. Encircle the
letter of the correct answer.

1. Rochelle got a score of 55, which is equivalent to a 70th percentile rank in a

mathematics test. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Her score is below the 5th decile.
B. She scored above 70% of her classmates.
C. Thirty percent of the class got scores of 55 and above
D. If the passing mark is the first quartile, she passed the test.
2. The 1st quartile of the ages of 250 fourth year students is 16 years. Which of the
following statements is true?
A. Most of the students are below 16 years old.
B. Twenty-five percent of the students are 16 years old.
C. One hundred fifty students are younger than 16 years.
D. Seventy-five percent of the students are 16 years old and above.

42
3. Mel’s score in a 75-item test was the median score. What is his percentile rank?
A. 35th C. 50th
th
B. 25 D. 75th

4. In a 100-item test, the passing mark is the 3rd quartile. What does it imply?
A. The students should answer at least 75 items correctly to pass the test.
B. The students should answer at least 50 items correctly to pass the test.
C. The students should answer at most 75 items correctly to pass the test.
D. The students should answer at most 50 items correctly to pass the test.

5. In a group of 55 examinees taking the 50-item test, Rachel obtained a score of 38 and
38 scores were above her. This implies that her score is ______________.
A. at the upper quartile
B. below the 4th decile
C. the 38th percentile
D. the 55th percentile

E. Let’s Extend Your Understanding

Direction: Answer the following problems completely.

Daily Allowance of 60 students

Class Interval f <cf

81 – 90 7 60
71 – 80 10 53
61 – 70 15 43
51 – 60 4 28
41 – 50 12 24
31 – 40 6 12
21 – 30 3 6
11 – 20 2 3
1 – 10 1 1

D6 P15 P35 D8 D4 P70 Q1 Q2 D8 Q3

43
Given the frequency distribution, compute for each quantile and match it with the
letter code of its corresponding value to complete the phrase in the preceding page.
Show your Solution.

Q1 T. 43
Q2 I. 61.83
Q3 N. 72.5
P15 Y. 35.5
P35 L. 48
P70 A. 69.83
D6 M. 65.83
D4 C. 75.5
D8 R. 34

POINTS DESCRIPTION
The solution is complete, logically arranged and the final
10
answer is correct.
7 out of 10 of the problem are answered correctly. The
7 solution is incomplete, not logically arranged and the final
answer is correct.
5 out of 10 of the problem are answered correctly. The
5 solution is incomplete, not logically arranged and the final
answer is correct.
3 out of 10 of the problem is answered correctly. The solution
3 is incomplete, not logically arranged and the final answer is
incorrect.
3 out of 10 of the problem is answered correctly. The solution
1 is incomplete, not logically arranged and the final answer is
incorrect.
0 No attempt of evaluating the given circular function.

44
 WEEK 1 45 WEEK 2.1
A. LET’S REVIEW YOUR UNDERSTANDING A. LET’S REVIEW YOUR UNDERSTANDING
1) C 2) B 3) C 1) C 2) C 3) B
C. LET’S PRACTICE YOUR UNDERSTANDING C. LET’S PRACTICE YOUR UNDERSTANDING
Activity 1: Activity 1:
1) T 2) F 3) T 4) T 5) F Q1 = 11.75 Q2 = 13.00 Q3 = 14.25
Activity 2: Activity 2:
1) Q1 = 9, Q3 = 14 D2 = 25.60 D6 = 46.60 D8 = 55
2) The sum of below Q1 is 13.
The sum of above Q3 is 31. Activity 3:
3) 6th hour has less customers. P60 = 9.294 P35 = 8.164 P95 = 9.49
5th hour has more customers.
D. LET’S CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
Activity 3:
1) D 2) A 3) D 4) B 5) B
1) 9.13 2) 8.67 3) 9.17
E. LET’S EXTEND YOUR UNDERSTANDING
D. LET’S CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING Please refer to the rubric.
1) B 2) C 3) D 4) A 5) A
E. LET’S EXTEND YOUR UNDERSTANDING WEEK 2.3
A. LET’S REVIEW YOUR UNDERSTANDING
1) C 2) C 3) D
C. LET’S PRACTICE YOUR UNDERSTANDING
Activity 1:
Q3 = 40.29 P85 = 42.43 D4 = 29.79
Activity 2:
Q1 = 95.88 D7 = 133.83 P35 = 102.32
D. LET’S CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
1) A 2) C 3) A 4) D 5) D
Q1 = 6 Q2 = 8.5 Q3 = 11
E. LET’S EXTEND YOUR UNDERSTANDING
Please refer to the rubric.
ANSWER KEY
 46
WEEK 3
A. LET’S REVIEW YOUR UNDERSTANDING
1) C 2) D 3) A
D. LET’S CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
C. LET’S PRACTICE YOUR UNDERSTANDING
Activity 1: 1) B 2) D 3) A 4) A 5) C
1) 80th percentile E. LET’S EXTEND YOUR UNDERSTANDING
2) This means 80% of the students got a score less
1)
than or equal 44 and that 20% of the students got a
score of greater than or equal to 44.
3) Having high percentile in a test is good because
getting more points in a test means getting higher
grades.
Activity 2:
%
1) Position of Q3 = (15 + 1) = 12 or rank 12
$
2) 75%
3) 25%
4) 3 (Sol.: 15 – 12 = 3)
Activity 3:
1)
The lower boundary is obtained by subtracting
0.5 from the lower limit of each given interval. It is
called the true boundary.
The lower cumulative frequency can be
obtained by adding the frequencies starting from the
frequency of the lowest interval.
2) 96th Percentile. This implies that 96% of the scores
are less than or equal to 48 and that 4% of the 2) The percentile rank of Dennis is 74.83rd and the
scores are greater or equal to 48. percentile rank of Christine is 30.5th.
3) Patrick has percentile rank of 96th which means his
score 48 is greater than or equal to the scores of 3) Dennis and Christine are not qualified for a college
96% of the students who took the test. scholarship because they failed to belong to the top
4) Students’ answer may vary. 10% of the scores of his/her graduating class.
Possible answer: Patrick should be pleased with his
score for he was able to surpass 96% of his
classmates.
 E. LET’S EXTEND YOUR UNDERSTANDING

5) D 4) A 3) C 2) D 1) A

D. LET’S CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

3) D 2) A 1) C

Activity 3:

3) D 2) C 1) B

Activity 2:

3) B 2) C 1) A

Activity 1:

C. LET’S PRACTICE YOUR UNDERSTANDING

3) A 2) A 1) B

A. LET’S REVIEW YOUR UNDERSTANDING

WEEK 4 – 5

V. REFERENCES

DepEd (2015). Mathematics 10 Learner’s Materials. Department of Education.

Republic of the Philippines

DepEd (2015). Mathematics 10 Teacher’s Guide. Department of Education. Republic

of the Philippines

Esparrago, M., Reyes, N., Manalo, C., Mercado, J., Orines, F. (2015). Next Century
Mathematics 10. Quezon City, Philippines. Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.

Melvin M. Callanta, Allan M. Canonigo, Arnaldo I. Chua, Jerry D. Cruz, Mirla S.

Espargo, Elino S. Garcia, Aries N. Magnaye, Fernando B. Orines, Rowena S. Perez,
and Concepcion S. Ternida. Mathematics 10 Learner’s Module. Rex Book Store, Inc.
Quezon City. 2015

47