X

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula

10 Zest for Progress

Z Peal of artnership

ENGLISH
Quarter 4 – Module 1
Technical Terms Used in Research

Name of Learner: ___________________________

Grade & Section: ___________________________
0
Name of School: ___________________________
 What I Need to Know
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You are now on the final phase of your Junior High School. In this stage, you will still
make a lot of discoveries that will help you become more enhanced in thinking critically
and more inquisitively through research.
This module was designed to help you distinguish the technical terms used in research.
The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations
especially in conducting research to aid you to become more creative and have the sense to
work systematically to increase your knowledge. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students, and the lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence
of the course.

This module contains a lesson that will lead you to:

Learning Competency: Distinguish technical terms used in research
(EN10V-Iva-30)

After going through this module, you are expected to:

 Define research;
 Familiarize the technical terms used in research;
 Distinguish technical terms used in research; and
 Formulate interview guide questions or survey questionnaire.

What I Know
Activity 1 What You Know is What You Get
Directions: In this activity, you are going to check what you already know about the lesson.
Solve the crossword puzzle by writing the correct terms used in research that correspond to
their meaning. Clues are also provided.
2
Down

F 1. Contains related information

3
such as graphs, charts, tables,
1
A R B lists
2. Lists all the sources in the
research
4
R S R 3. Summarizes all sections and helps
E readers decide whether or not to read
the entire report
5
N T N
X
Across

4. Establishes facts and new findings

through a systematic investigation
1
 5. Presents background information,
scope, and focus of the research paper

What’s In
Activity 2: Develop Your Idea
Directions: Recall how you came up with your argumentative essay in the previous quarter.
You also did some research to get information to support your details. By activating your prior
knowledge and skills learned, you are to gather information through conducting research.
Decide on a local heritage that you would like to preserve. Talk about its importance, its
history, and influence on your culture. Use the template to complete this activity. Afterwards,
answer the questions that follow.

Information from Social and Print Media

____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________.

Views of the family Information from Other

members Sources
______________________ ________________________
______________________ ________________________
______________________ ________________________
______________________ ________________________
______________________ ________________________
______________________ ________________________
______________________ ________________________
______________________ ________________________
______________________ ________________________
______________________ ________________________
______________________ ________________________
_____________________. ______________________.

1. Based on the activity above, how do you define research?

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.

2. How do you come up with a research?

2
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.

What’s New

Activity 3: Pick and Write

Directions: The 10-Einstein class was asked by their teacher to conduct survey research to the
Grade 10 parents if they are in favor of conducting face-to-face classes next school year. All
learners were excited for the activity. They were asked to do it through online survey. From the
list below, pick out the terms that you think would be important in their research, and write it
in the box provided.

Abstract Amortization Appendix

Interview Parliament Pleas

Puzzling Questionnaire Reconciliation

Reference Results Solidarity

Tale University Volitional

Activity 4: Complete Me
Directions: Complete the following statements by filling in the ideas about research.

1. These technical terms used in research are essential because ______________________

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________.

2. One of the most familiar terms in research I know is _____________________________

because __________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.

3
4
 What Is It
In this part of the module, you will develop thoughts or knowledge that will help you
understand better the discussion of the lesson. This ensures that you will discover and
understand new concepts and skills. Moreover, this section will provide you more information
about the terms used in research. It is expected that you will be guided by the tasks or activities
in assessing your knowledge.

Research establishes facts and new findings through a systematic investigation to

contribute to an existing body of knowledge

Technical Terms Used in Research

 Research Title is a subject or topic that researcher finds interesting when conducting
research. This needs to be narrowed down which will focus on the main idea.

 Abstract summarizes all sections and helps readers decide whether or not to read the
entire report.

 Introduction presents background information, scope, and focus of the research paper.

 Literature Review provides a review of what others have written or researched on

concerning the topic. In some research reports, concept literature, research literature,
theoretical framework, conceptual framework, research hypothesis, and definition of
terms are also included.

 Methodology explains how the research was conducted. These include the research
design, population and sampling procedure, research instrument, data gathering
procedure, and data analysis procedure.

 Discussion presents the information gathered through the research.

 Conclusion provides the summary of the research. It brings the report to closure by
giving emphasis to ideas stated previously.

 Results contain other related information such as graphs, charts, tables, and lists.

5
 Cultural mapping refers to a research tool to holistically understand the cultural assets of
a place based on the local knowledge of the people.

 Interview is a conversational practice where knowledge is produced through the

interaction between an interviewer and an interviewee or a group of interviewees.

 Interview Guide summarizes the content that researchers cover during interviews. At one
extreme, it may provide very minimal directions, leading to “less structured” interviews
that are designed primarily to explore the participant’s own perspective on the research
topic.

Tips for Formulating Questions

 Pose open, rather than closed questions.

 Sequence interview questions from broad to narrow.
 Avoid the inclusion of possible responses in questions.
 Pose one question at a time.
 Avoid posing multi-part questions.

 Questionnaire is a set of questions to gather information in a survey. It may be in a form

of open-end format that allows the respondents to answer in any way he or she wishes in
his or her term, multiple choice format that presents a question which is followed by a set
of options pre-determined by the researcher, or checklist format that is used exclusively or
with some use of free-response option.

Tips for Writing a Great Survey Questionnaire

1. Focus on asking closed-ended questions.

2. Keep your survey questions neutral.
3. Keep a balanced set of answer choices.
4. Don’t ask for two things at once.
5. Keep your questions different from each other.
6. Let most of your questions be optional to answer.
 Survey is a statistical analysis of answers to a poll of a sample of a population, e.g. to
determine opinions, or knowledge.

 Plagiarism occurs when ideas, information, and even pictures are used without proper
acknowledgement of the original sources. Providing in-text citation or parenthetical text
from another source is a surefire method to avoid plagiarism.

 Running Text
According to Shane (2021), use of in-text citation shows that the idea is not yours
and that you acknowledge its rightful source.
 Within Parenthesis
The use of in-text citation shows that the idea is not yours and that you
acknowledge its original source (Shane, 2001).

 Reference is a list of all sources used in research.

 Appendix contains related information such as graphs, charts, tables, lists.

6
 What’s More
Activity 5: Identify Me
Directions: Read the following statements very well. Distinguish the terms used in research
that correspond to the statements. Choose your answer from the pool of terms in the box. Write
your answer on the space provided.

Interview Guide Reference Plagiarism

Methodology Literature Review Research Title

_____________________ 1. It pertains to the inclusion of question-based or topic based. This

may be used in the form of general questions.
_____________________ 2. It discusses published information in a particular subject area.
_____________________ 3. It is the part where you indicated the research instrument.
_____________________ 4. It is placed where you remember that it is important to give credit
where it is due. This means you acknowledge the author’s work.
_____________________ 5. It refers to the process of using the information without giving
due credit to the writer.

Activity 6: What Do You Think

Directions: Study the sample terms applied in writing research report. Distinguish how the
terms were used based on the content provided. Answer the question for each item by writing
the letter on the space before the number.

A.

This study was conducted to determine the possible correlation among language
learning attitudes, linguistic competence, and academic performance in English among
the Grade 10 students of Geras Integrated School, Isabela City, Zamboanga Peninsula
during the school year 2016-2020. This was done to provide empirical data to support
Gardner’s Socio-educational Model of Second Language Acquisition. Gardner (1985)
hypothesized that L2 learners with positive learning attitudes toward the target culture
and people will learn the target language more effectively than those who do not have
positive attitudes.
Source: Garil, Benigno . 2017. “Language Learning Attitudes, Linguistic Competence, and Academic
Performance of Grade 10 Students.” Thesis, Western Mindanao State University .

_______ 1. What technical term in research was applied in the example above?
A. Abstract
B. Body
C. Plagiarism
D. Questionnaire

7
B.
Alieto, Ericson O. (2013). Study Habits vis-avis Academic Performance of Senior Laboratory School of Western
Mindanao State University, Zamboanga City
Aque, Joyce R. (2015) Learning Style vis-à-vis Linguistic Competence of Elementary School Teachers
Baker, S.K., Simmons, D.C., &Kameenul, E.J. “Vocabulary Acquisition: Synthesis of Research , Technical report
No. 13 for the National Center to Improve the Tools of Educators, University of Oregon, 1995,
Barnette, M. (1989). Moore than Meets the eye. NJ. Prentice Hall

_______ 2. What technical term is used in the second example above?

A. Appendix B. Reference C. Introduction D. Results

_______ 3. What technical term is used when you want to get knowledge from interacting to a
group of people?
A. Reference B. Interview C. Results D. Abstract

_______ 4. What do you call these pieces of information taken from a survey written in forms
of graphs, tables, and charts?
A. Literature Review B. Plagiarism C. Results D. Introduction

_______ 5. What research tool can be used in a research if you are trying to know the
background of each of your classmates?
A. Cultural Mapping B. Reference C. Running Text D. Body

What I Have Learned

Activity 7: Sharing My Learning
Directions: Assess your learning by completing the statements below.

A. In this lesson, I learned that research

_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________.

These technical terms can be distinguished by

_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________.

What I Can Do
8
 Activity 8: Choose One and Write
Directions: Using the given situation, come up with either an interview guide or a survey
questionnaire by filling in the dummy. See the sample interview guide and survey
questionnaire below. Be guided with the given rubrics.

You have observed that there have been many changes brought by COVID-19. During the
pandemic, you have also discovered many things about yourselves, about your family, and even
about life.
Now, you are tasked to write an interview guide or survey questionnaire about the new
discoveries of your classmates during the pandemic. You have to know the distinctions between
these two technical terms used in research.

A. Sample Interview Guide

Selfies and their Impact on Mood and Behavior

(Short Title about the Interview)

In this interview, we want to know what selfies mean to you and the
impact on mood and behavior of posting them on social media. Kindly answer the
questions honestly.
(Short description of what the interview is about)

Guide Questions
1. (Question) In your opinion, what are selfies?
_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.

2. (Question) Do you post a lot of selfies on your Facebook account?

_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.

3. (Question) On what occasions do you find yourself taking selfies?

_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.

4. (Question) When do you decide to post them on your social media page?
_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.

5. (Question) How do you feel when you post selfies on Facebook or other social
media?
_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.

9
 B. Sample Questionnaires

Environmental Conservation Measures

Questionnaire for Grade 10 Students
A. Please check the measures that you undertake or practice. Rank them in the order of their
frequency, with number 1 being the most frequent practice.
______1. Avoid kaingin system
______2. Implement government policies like no dynamite fishing
______3. Implement reforestation
______4. Have a regular coastal clean-up drive
______5. Practice solid waste management through the 3 Rs
______6. Control population
______7. Do not abuse our natural resources

Survey on My Writing Disposition

Indicate your level of awareness on the following environmental conservation measures using the
scale below. Place a check mark on the space provided.

1 – Very much aware

2 – Much aware
3 – Aware
4 – Not fully aware
5 - No knowledge at all

Statements 1 2 3 4 5

1. Implement agroforestry

2. Formulate a policy to prevent degradation of habitat

3. Aspire for sustainable agriculture like land tenure

4. Impose watershed protection changes

5. Use transferrable development rights and conservation

6. Conduct environment training in the barangay

Interview Guide

10

__________________________________________________________________
 Rubrics in formulating the interview guide
Category Expert Intermediate Beginner Score
(20 points) (15 points) (10 points)
Format The learner correctly The learner correctly The learner
filled out all the filled out some of the incorrectly filled out
information in given information in the some of the
format. given format. information in the
given format.
Guide Questions All guide questions Some guide questions All Guide questions
are appropriate and are appropriate and are inappropriate and
related to the main related to the main related to the main
topic. topic. topic.
Grammar and All statements are Some statements are All statements are
Punctuations written correctly written correctly written incorrectly
following the following the following the
grammatical grammatical grammatical
structures and structures and structures and
punctuations. punctuations. punctuations.
Total /60
Survey Questionnaire

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 Category Excellent Average Beginner Score
20 points 15 points 10 points
Content All pieces of Some pieces of The pieces of
The content is information are information are information are not
related to the main relevant to the main relevant to the main relevant to the main
topic. topic. topic. topic.
Accuracy The type of The type of The type of
The type of questionnaire helps questionnaire used questionnaire used
questionnaire used answer the given somehow helps does not help answer
is accurate. problem/issue. answer the given the given
problem/issue. problem/issue.
Grammar and All statements are Some of the None of the statements
Punctuations grammatically statements are are grammatically
The statements are written. grammatically written.
written correctly written.
following
grammatical
structures and
punctuations.
Total /60

Rubrics in formulating the Survey Questionnaire

Assessment
12
Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the best answer and write it on the
space before the number.

____1. This is the part where researchers present the purpose of their research.
A. Introduction B. Interviewing C. Interview Guide D. Methodology

____2. What technical term is used when you acknowledge the sources used in research?
A. Results B. Discussion C. Appendix D. Reference

____3. Which among the following choices is NOT an example of running text?
A. According to Mualim (2021), you should adjust the world, not the world will adjust
you.
B. According to Ferrer (2019), where God guides, He provides.
C. According to Luna 2010 life is a fruitful harvest.
D. According to Remandaban (2020), you can’t buy trust, but you can lose it.

____ 4. Which of the following terms is used when you indicate the procedure on how you
conducted the research?
A. References B. Methodology C. Literature Review D. Appendix

____ 5. Which of the following information is placed in the Appendix?

A. Questionnaire B. Literature Review C. Introduction D. Conclusion

____ 6. Which term is used when you give interest to the reader to read the entire report?
A. Interview B. Abstract c. Literature Review D. Reference

____ 7. All of the examples used are forms of questions in writing a questionnaire EXCEPT:
A. Checklist on students’ favorite movie genres
B. Interview Guide
C. A Rating Scale in Agreeing or Disagreeing with opening of classes
D. Students’ pastime using multiple choice format
_____ 8. In research, what do you mostly need when you want to determine the percentage of
Grade 10 students who find difficulties in using online platform for learning?
A. Conduct a survey.
B. Provide the answers.
C. Prepare the findings.
D. Write the summary.
_____9. Which do you think could be the narrowest research title about “Environmental
Awareness”?
A. Environmental Awareness of Students
B. Environmental Awareness among Learners
C. Environmental Awareness of the Grade 10 Students in the Monitoring System
Activities of the Municipality of Basilan
D. Environmental Awareness is one way to create positive attitude towards loving
nature

_____ 10. Which of the examples DOES NOT show result of a survey research?
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 A. Graph that shows the number of Grade 10 learners who have internet access at home
B. Table that shows the frequency of Grade 10 learners who use mobile phones
C. Chart that shows the meal plan of a patient
D. List that shows the rate of consumption of oil in the Philippines

Additional Activity
(Optional)
Activity 9: Time to be Inquisitive
Directions: Using the term used in research and 5 WHs, formulate a sample
question that you think will be helpful in your future research. Then, write your
questions in the box
Terms Used in Questions
Research
Research Who _____________________________________________
What I Know What’s In What’s New What’s New What’s More
ctivity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 __________________________________________________.
Activity 4 Activity 5
1. Appendix Answers Abstract Answers may 1. Interview Guide
2. Reference mayInterview
vary. Appendix Wherevary.
____________________________________________
2. Literature Review
3. Abstract Interview __________________________________________________.
3. Methodology
4. Research Abstract Questionnaire
When _____________________________________________
4. Reference
5. Introduction Reference __________________________________________________.
5. Plagiarism
Results
Literature Review Why _____________________________________________
__________________________________________________.
What’s More What I What I CanWhat
Conclusion Do _____________________________________________
Assessment Additional Activity
ctivity 6 Have 1. A 6. B
Activity 8 __________________________________________________.
A Learned Answers may 2. D 7. B Answers may vary.
B Activity 7 vary. 3. C 8. A
B Answers 4. B 9. C
C ANSWER KEY
may vary. 5. A 10. C
A

References:
Academic Paper

14
 Garil, Benigno,A.“Language Learning Attitudes, Linguistic Competence, and Academic
Performance of Grade 10 Students.” Master’s Thesis, Western Mindanao State University,
2017.
Books
Almonte, Liza R., Flandez, Lerma L., Hermosa, Angelina Lourdes, Nedia Lagustan, Liberty
A. Mangaluz, Elenita R. Miranda, Paul Anthony B. Mendoza, Lito A. Palomar, Grace B.
Annette Barradas-Soriano, and Karen B. Villanueva, Celebrating Diversity through World
Literature. Pasig City: Rex Book Store, Inc. 2015, 466-470.
Almonte, Liza R., Flandez, Lerma L., Hermosa, Angelina Lourdes, Nedia Lagustan, Liberty
A. Mangaluz, Elenita R. Miranda, Paul Anthony B. Mendoza, Lito A. Palomar, Grace B.
Annette Barradas-Soriano, and Karen B. Villanueva, Celebrating Diversity through World
Literature:English Teacher’s Guide. Pasig City: Rex Book Store, Inc. 2015, 423-424.

Bermudez, Virginia , Ed.D, Josephine Cruz Ph.D., Eugenia Gorgon Ed.D, Remedios Nery,
and Milagros San Juan Ph.D, English Expressways,Quezon City: SD Publications, Inc. 2010,
167.
Portillo, Reynaldo R, Ma. Consuelo S. Quindara, Mila E. Isles, Clarita O. Manzano, Amelia
O. Bacungan, Vivian B. Flores, Carolina G. Alberca, and Imelda K. Gamboa, Research and
Technical Writing, Bulacan: Trinitas Publishing, Inc.2003, 63.

Sarno, Emerlita, Tips and Techniques in Writing Research, Manila: Rex Book Store. 2010, 71-
75.
Online Sources
“How to Develop an Interview Guide (Part 1).” 2018. QualPage. February 8.
https://qualpage.com/2018/02/08/how-to-develop-an-interview-guide-part-1/.

“How to Write Good Survey & Poll Questions | SurveyMonkey.” 2021. SurveyMonkey.
Accessed February 12. https://www.surveymonkey.com/mp/writing-survey-questions/

DEVELOPMENT TEAM
Writers: Joyce Ethel L. Sienes,Basilan National High School
Sherma T.P Ajul, Basilan National High School
Editor:
Language Editor:
Proofreader: Violeta M. Sta. Elena, EPS
Illustrators:
Layout Artist: Joyce Ethel L. Sienes
Management Team:
Julieto H. Fernandez, Ed. D., CESO VI
SDS-Isabela City
Maria Laarni T. Villanueva, Ed. D., CESE
ASDS-Isabela City
Henry R. Tura, CID Chief
Elsa A. Usman, LR Supervisor
Helen De Leon, EdD, EPS-English, Module Coordinator
Region IX: Zamboanga Peninsula Hymn – Our Eden Land
Here the trees and flowers bloom Gallant men And Ladies fair Cebuanos, Ilocanos, Subanons, Boholanos, Ilongos,
Here the breezes gently Blow, Linger with love and care All of them are proud and true
Here the birds sing Merrily, Golden beams of sunrise and sunset Region IX our Eden Land
The liberty forever Stays, Are visions you’ll never forget
Oh! That’s Region IX Region IX
15 Our..
Here the Badjaos roam the seas Hardworking people Abound, Eden...
Here the Samals live in peace Every valleys and Dale Land...
Here the Tausogs thrive so free Zamboangueños, Tagalogs, Bicolanos,
With the Yakans in unity
 My Final Farewell
Farewell, dear Fatherland, clime of the sun caress'd
Pearl of the Orient seas, our Eden lost!,
Gladly now I go to give thee this faded life's best,
And were it brighter, fresher, or more blest
Still would I give it thee, nor count the cost.
On the field of battle, 'mid the frenzy of fight,
Others have given their lives, without doubt or heed;
The place matters not-cypress or laurel or lily white,
Scaffold or open plain, combat or martyrdom's plight,
T is ever the same, to serve our home and country's need.
I die just when I see the dawn break,
Through the gloom of night, to herald the day;
And if color is lacking my blood thou shalt take,
Pour'd out at need for thy dear sake
To dye with its crimson the waking ray.
My dreams, when life first opened to me,
My dreams, when the hopes of youth beat high,
Were to see thy lov'd face, O gem of the Orient sea
From gloom and grief, from care and sorrow free;
No blush on thy brow, no tear in thine eye.
Dream of my life, my living and burning desire,
All hail ! cries the soul that is now to take flight;
All hail ! And sweet it is for thee to expire ;
To die for thy sake, that thou mayst aspire;
And sleep in thy bosom eternity's long night.
If over my grave some day thou seest grow,
In the grassy sod, a humble flower,
Draw it to thy lips and kiss my soul so,
While I may feel on my brow in the cold tomb below
The touch of thy tenderness, thy breath's warm power.
Let the moon beam over me soft and serene,
Let the dawn shed over me its radiant flashes,
Let the wind with sad lament over me keen ;
And if on my cross a bird should be seen,
Let it trill there its hymn of peace to my ashes.
I Am a Filipino, by Carlos P. Romulo
I am a Filipino–inheritor of a glorious past, hostage to the uncertain
future. As such I must prove equal to a two-fold task–the task of
meeting my responsibility to the past, and the task of performing my
obligation to the future.
I sprung from a hardy race, child many generations removed of
ancient Malayan pioneers. Across the centuries the memory comes
rushing back to me: of brown-skinned men putting out to sea in
ships that were as frail as their hearts were stout. Over the sea I see
them come, borne upon the billowing wave and the whistling wind,
carried upon the mighty swell of hope–hope in the free abundance of
new land that was to be their home and their children’s forever.
I am a Filipino. In my blood runs the immortal seed of heroes–seed
that flowered down the centuries in deeds of courage and defiance.
In my veins yet pulses the same hot blood that sent Lapulapu to
battle against the first invader of this land, that nerved Lakandula in
the combat against the alien foe, that drove Diego Silang and
Dagohoy into rebellion against the foreign oppressor.
The seed I bear within me is an immortal seed. It is the mark of my
manhood, the symbol of dignity as a human being. Like the seeds
that were once buried in the tomb of Tutankhamen many thousand
years ago, it shall grow and flower and bear fruit again. It is the
insignia of my race, and my generation is but a stage in the 16
Let the sun draw the vapors up to the sky,
And heavenward in purity bear my tardy protest
Let some kind soul o 'er my untimely fate sigh,
And in the still evening a prayer be lifted on high
From thee, 0 my country, that in God I may rest.
Pray for all those that hapless have died,
For all who have suffered the unmeasur'd pain;
For our mothers that bitterly their woes have cried,
For widows and orphans, for captives by torture tried
And then for thyself that redemption thou mayst gain
And wh en the dark ni gh t wrap s the grav eyard around
W ith o nl y the dead in th ei r vigil to see
Bre ak not my rep ose o r the mystery prof ound
And perch an ce tho u mayst he ar a s ad hymn reso un d
'T is I, O my co un try, rai si ng a son g unto th ee.
And even my grav e is re membered no mo re
Unmark' d by neve r a c ross nor a s tone
Le t th e pl ow s weep th ro ugh it, the spad e turn it o'er
Th at my ashes may carpe t earthl y flo or,
Before i nto n othi ngness at l as t th ey are blo wn .
The n wil l obl ivi on b ri ng to me no care
As ove r th y vales and plain s I s weep;
Th robb in g and cle anse d in thy sp ace and ai r
W ith co lo r and li gh t, wi th song and lame nt I fare,
Eve r repeati ng the f ai th th at I keep.
M y Fathe rl an d ad or'd, that s adness to my sorro w lends
Belov ed Fil ip inas, hear now my last good -by!
I give thee al l: p are nts and kind red and friends
For I go wh ere no slave before the opp ress or bends,
Wh ere faith can neve r k il l, and God rei gns e'er on high !
Farewel l to you all , from my so ul torn away,
Fri ends of my chi ldho od i n the home dis possessed !
G ive th an ks that I re st from th e weari so me day!
Farewel l to thee, too, s wee t friend that l ightened my way;
Belov ed creature s al l, fare we ll ! In de ath the re is rest!
I am a Filipino, child of the marriage of the East and the West. The
East, with its languor and mysticism, its passivity and endurance,
was my mother, and my sire was the West that came thundering
across the seas with the Cross and Sword and the Machine. I am of
the East, an eager participant in its spirit, and in its struggles for
liberation from the imperialist yoke. But I also know that the East
must awake from its centuried sleep, shake off the lethargy that has
bound his limbs, and start moving where destiny awaits.
I am a Filipino, and this is my inheritance. What pledge shall I give
that I may prove worthy of my inheritance? I shall give the pledge that
has come ringing down the corridors of the centuries, and it shall be
compounded of the joyous cries of my Malayan forebears when first
they saw the contours of this land loom before their eyes, of the battle
cries that have resounded in every field of combat from Mactan to
Tirad Pass, of the voices of my people when they sing:
“I am a Filipino born to freedom, and I shall not rest until freedom
shall have been added unto my inheritance—for myself and my
children and my children’s children—forever.”