Session 17 Course Teacher: Md.

Yousuf Ali (YA)

Course Title: Engineering Mathematics Lecturer, Department of GED.
Course Code: MAT211 Email: yousufkumath@gmail.com
Credits: 3 Mobile: 01766906098

Fourier Transforms
Finite Fourier Sine transform: The finite Fourier sine transform of F  x  in the interval 0  x  l
, is defined as
n x
l
f s  n    F  x  sin dx , where n is an integer.
0
l
The function F  x  is called the inverse finite Fourier sine transform of f s  n  , and is given by
2  n x
F  x  
l n 1
f s  n  sin
l
.

Finite Fourier cosine transform: The finite Fourier cosine transform of F  x  in the interval
0  x  l , is defined as
n x
l
f c  n    F  x  cos dx , where n is an integer.
0
l
The function F  x  is called the inverse finite Fourier cosine transform of fc  n  , and is given by
1 2  n x
F  x   f c  0    f c  n  cos .
l l n 1 l
Infinite Fourier Sine transform: The infinite Fourier sine transform of F  x  in the interval
0  x   , is defined as

f s  n    F  x  sin nxdx , where n is an integer.
0

The function F  x  is called the inverse infinite Fourier sine transform of f s  n  , and is given by

2
F  x   f  n  sin nxdn .
 0
s

Infinite Fourier cosine transform: The infinite Fourier cosine transform of F  x  in the interval
0  x   , is defined as

f c  n    F  x  cos nxdx , where n is an integer.
0

The function F  x  is called the inverse infinite Fourier cosine transform of f c  n  , and is given
by
 
2
F  x   f  n  cos nxdn .
 0
c

Example-01: Evaluate the Fourier cosine transform of sin kx , 0  x   .

Solution: Given that,

F  x   sin kx … … … (i)

By the definition of Fourier cosine transform of F  x  in the interval 0  x   , we have

n x
l
f c  n    F  x  cos dx
0
l

n x
 f c  n    sin kx cos dx
0


 f c  n    sin kx cos nxdx
0


1
 fc  n   sin  k  n  x  sin  k  n  x  dx
2 0 

1   cos  k  n  x  cos  k  n  x 
 fc  n     
2 k n k n 0

1   cos  k  n   cos  k  n     cos 0 cos 0 

 fc  n        
2   k n k n   k  n k  n 

1   cos k cos n  sin k sin n cos k cos n  sin k sin n   1 1 

 fc  n        
2  k n k n   k  n k  n 

1   cos k cos n cos k cos n   k  n  k  n 

 fc  n       
2   k n k n    k  n  k  n  

1  1 1   2k  
 f c  n    cos k cos n    2 2 
2  k  n k  n   k  n 

1  2k   2k  
 f c  n    cos k cos n  2 
2  2 2 
2  k  n   k  n 

1  2k 
 f c  n     2 2   cos k cos n  1
2 k  n 
 k 
 fc  n   2 
1 cos k  1
n

n k2 

k 
 fc  n   2 
1 cos k  1 . (Ans.)
n

n k
2 

Example-02: Evaluate the Fourier sine transform of e x , 0  x .

Solution: Given that,

F  x   e x … … … (i)

By the definition of Fourier sine transform of F  x  for 0  x , we have


f s  n    F  x  sin nxdx
0


 f s  n    e  x sin nxdx
0


 e x 
 fs  n     sin nx  n cos nx  
  1  n
2
 0
2


 e x 
 fs  n    2 
sin nx  n cos nx  
1  n 0

 1 
 f s  n    0  2 
sin 0  n cos 0  
 1 n 

 n 
 f s  n    
 1  n 
2

n
 fs  n  . (Ans.)
1  n2

Complex Fourier transform: The complex Fourier transform of F  x  is defined as


f n   F  x e
 inx
dx .


Example-01: Evaluate the complex Fourier transform of F  x   e

a x
; a  0. .

Solution: Given that,

 F  x  e
a x
… … … (i)

 x if x  0
We have, x  
x if x  0

By the definition of Fourier transform, we have


f n   F  x e
 inx
dx



 f n  e
a x
einx dx


0 
 f  n   a   x   inx
 e e dx   e e dx
 ax  inx

 0

0 
 f n   e dx   e dx
ax inx  ax inx

 0

0 
 f n  e
 a in  x
dx   e  a in  x dx
 0

0 
 e a in  x   e a in  x 
 f  n      
  a  in      a  in   0

1 1
 f n  e0  e    e   e0 
 a  in   a  in 
1 1
 f  n    1
 a  in   a  in 
1 1
 f  n  
 a  in   a  in 
a  in  a  in
 f n 
 a  in  a  in 
2a
 f  n 
a  n2
2

2a
 f  n  . (Ans.)
a  n2
2
 Assignment
1. Evaluate the Fourier (sine/cosine) transform of the followings;
i. F  x   2 x; 0  x  4
ii. F  x   emx ; 0 x 
iii. F  x   sin mx; 0 x 
iv. F  x   cos mx; 0 x 
2. Evaluate the Fourier (complex) transform of the followings;
F  x  e ;    x  
x
i.