INNOVATED 2 n 1 DRAFTING TABLE FOR

INSTRUCTION AND ASSESSMENT

FABIO A. CALUNSAG, Ph.D

Associate Professor-V
Jose Rizal Memorial State University – Dipolog Campus, Dipolog City
fabiocalunsag@gmail.com
 Abstract

In technical, vocational schools, students are trained in different technology to be equipped as

skilled individuals. This study aimed to develop an Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table for instructions and
assessment. Quasi-experimental method particularly surveys research employed in this study adapted
from the standard questionnaire by Malton (2016) Technical Drafting Innovation Evaluation Instrument.
And self-made questionnaires for the efficiency of the developed project distributed to 10 instructors and
36 students for evaluation. Data were treated using total weighted points, weighted mean, and T-test. It
was found out that the technical requirements for the constructed Innovated 2 in 1 Drafting Table was
highly acceptable in terms of the working drawing, bill of materials and estimates, and fabrication by
both instructors and students the project is very usable in terms of its efficiency. It is then highly
recommended that the instructional package and production of an Innovated 2 n 1 drafting table be
adopted and utilized by the industry TESDA competency assessment.

Keywords: Competency, Fabrication Drafting Table, Technological Skill, Innovated, Conventional.

.
Introduction

In vocational and technical schools, students are trained in different technology, for them to
be equipped in their future life as they are called technically skilled individuals. But even how good the
program and curriculum, they are still depending on the adequacy of tools, equipment, and facilities
needed. A skilled teacher can influence numerous things, which are able to use many different
innovations in teaching inside the classroom like the use of Information Communication Technology
(ICT) as a medium of learning or any innovation pertaining to technical drafting instruments such as T-
Square, Triangular Scale, Triangles, drafting table, templates and many others.
Mujiarto et al (2018), presented A Design of Innovative Engineering Drawing Teaching
Materials in multimedia animation form, for engineering drawing course in the industrial technology
field and engineering at vocational high school. The results revealed that the E-Book Material Multi-
Media Animation Engineering Drawing (E-BMMAED) was affluent to occupy and encompass complete
material. Students confirm that the utilization of the newly developed teaching materials in learning
motivated and improved their learning achievements or competencies. He recommended that
teachers may use and apply the E-BMMAED, which is the learning medium and produce other related
innovations in the field for the enhancement of student competencies. Curvano, R.J (2015), Developed
an ergonomically designed drafting table and chairs for Engineering and Drafting students based on
Anthropometric Measurement. The Nordic Musculoskeletal form was used to determine the parts of
the body experienced discomfort and fatigue due to incorrect posture as a result of the current
workstation design. Deros,H.I et al,.(2009) proposed and recommended a chair and drafting table
dimensions surface for Malaysian anthropometric data. This paper presents ergonomic principles base
on structural anthropometric variables applied to the design and construction of a chair and drafting
table used in engineering drawing studio using locally source materials. The design focuses on users
(students) comport during drafting technique.
Problems come across in the teaching-learning process of different competence standards
specifically in technical drawing. The technical drafting department in different colleges including some
universities lies in the absence of teaching materials so that learning goals are not optimally achieved.
Due to a deficiency of learning materials, teachings goals are not sometimes achieved according to
expectation Soma, I.M. et al (2014). In the meantime, technical drafting instructors and professors in
Cebu Technological University, Cebu City is currently using one-way or traditional drafting table. One
problem encountered using the traditional drafting table was during Technical Skills Development
Authority (TESDA) competency assessment, wherein two sets of examinations are to be performed,
the first set is the manual drawing and the next set is to convert the manual drawing to (CAD) through
the use of Computer-Aided Drawing and Design (CADD). Using the traditional drafting table, after
performing the first set of the examination, examinees have to transfer to the computer laboratory
just to perform the second set, since the procedure needs to use a computer system. And it consumes
lots of time, space, and effort in transferring from one place to another; this prompted the researcher
to conduct this study.
One best way to solve the problem is to develop a multi-tasking drafting table, which is able
to be used in performing manual drawing; and convert to computer aided drafting ; can be utilized as
a placeholder of a personal computer with CADD installed; platform for printer and projector used for
demonstration teaching; and can be used in storing instrument and materials in technical drafting; and
others. The combination of PC Workstation and conventional Architectural Drafting table this allows
the instructors, engineers, draftsmen and the learners to have the best world’s access to a drafting
table and computer aided design (CAD)
This study aimed to develop an Innovated 2 n 1 drafting table and to determine its technical
requirements for the development as to Working Drawing; Bill of materials; Estimates and
Fabrication/Assembling; It also aimed to look into the extent of the acceptability of the technical
requirements; Test the significant difference in the perception of instructors and students in terms of
acceptability; and to determine the efficiency of the developed project.
 The development of Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table was intended to meet not only for the
students use but also in the industry and entrepreneurs, TESDA competency trainers and assessors
which has a multi-functions prototype. It can be also be used for multi-media instructional materials
with the help of its extended armrest platforms, 360 degrees turned table, built-in cabinetry, locked
and unlocked sole roller and knock- down-fittings (KDF) system. For the technical education skills
development authority (TESDA) trainer and assessor, it can be utilized in conducting enhancement
training and assessment using CADD competency and for the convenience of every individual in making
every instruction easy to comprehend and appreciative. This can also be used for Instruction that can
produce excellent quality, drafting disciplines with ease and user comfort. This innovation was a
product of the researcher's observation of the manual drawing works to pave a way for opportunities
in the skills of drafting disciplines that are highly in demand in the global market.
The benefits of this competency-based approach have been recognized by policymakers and
influencers in higher education. While policymakers are praising competency-based education, not
enough is being done to ensure that our rules and regulations support it. Moving competency-based
education into the mainstream will require a fundamental change in the way we look at higher
education in Philippine, but the improvements we will gain in student learning, efficiency, and
affordability will be worth it according to Dr. Robert W. Mendenhall, the President of Western
Governors University.
Figure 1 below is the conceptual framework of the study showing the common frame of
reference that forms the whole concept of the study from preparation of the technical requirements
including lay-outing of the design of the working drawing and the computation of the bill of materials
going through fabrication/project development and to come up with the desired output according to
plan.
It also illustrates that right after the development of the project, it underwent the process of
testing and evaluation including acceptability assessment and actual efficiency testing done by the
evaluators, which includes BS Industrial Technology - Drafting students, engineering students, drafting
and engineering instructors/professors. During the acceptability assessment, the project is evaluated
for the acceptability of the technical requirements in terms of working drawing, bill of materials and
estimates and fabrication acceptability. Lastly, the feedback phase, wherein all comments and
recommendations from the evaluators are noted and subject for modification if necessary.

INPUT THROUGHPUT OUTPUT

Technical Requirements
INNOVATED 2n1
- Working Drawing, Bill of
Materials and Estimates Project Development DRAFTING TABLE

TESTING AND EVALUATION

FEEDBACK Acceptability Assessment

Actual Efficiency Testing

Figure 1. Conceptual framework of Innovated 2n1 Drafting Table

Methodology

This study is a Quasi-experimental research using recycled materials and supplies through a
project making a construct Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table for Instruction as a basis for drafting
technology shop and enhances the school’s capacity to mass produce designing projects.
The process involved project making and an operational module that include hand tools,
power tools, supplies and materials, safety gadgets, and cleaning paraphernalia. After completion of
the Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table for instruction, the students and instructors will validate the output
of the study.
The subject of the study was determined by purposive sampling method as a requirement for
the intended study. Specifically, it included first year; second year Bachelor of Science in Industrial
Technology – Drafting and Engineering Students; Drafting and Engineering Instructors and Professors
of Cebu Technological University-Main Campus, Cebu City. All second year Bachelor of Science in
Industrial Technology major in Drafting and Engineering students will be selected to validate the
acceptability of the Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table for Instruction in their own field.
The instrument was adapted from the standard questionnaire by Malton G. (2016) on
Technical Drafting Innovation Evaluation Instrument. One (1) for the students, the other one (1) for
the instructors/professors. The self-made questionnaire for the students and instructors will be the
proximity of the content. It asked responses only on the acceptability of the tool from its design,
function, ergonomics, effectiveness, and aesthetics. It differed only in the last part of the questionnaire
that will use for an informal and formal interview and other documentary analysis to clarify uncertain
information.
Weighted mean was used to determine the respondents’ perception in the applicability level
and the effectiveness of the Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table for Instruction. T-test was used to
determine the significance between the mean validations on the use of the Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting
Table for Instruction and its performance

Figure 2. Innovated 2 in 1 Drafting Table and Conventional Drafting Table

Figure 2. Shows how the researcher came up with the study from conventional drafting table and the newly developed Innovated 2n1
Drafting table for Instruction and Assessment.
Results and Discussions

Working drawing

The technical requirements for the development of the Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table for the
working drawing: Orthographic Projection, Exploded drawing and Detailed Drawing as guide for the
construction of the said project.

ISOMETRIC

Figure 3. Orthographic Projection

Figure 3. Shows the Top View, Front View, Right Side View with corresponding dimensions and the isometric as presentation
of the Innovated 2n1 Drafting Table.
Figure 2. Orthographic Projection.
5

Figure 4. Detailed Drawing

Figure 4 shows the detailed drawing of the Innovated 2n1 Drafting table as guide for preparation and cutting the different
sizes and shapes of the component parts of the innovated 2n1 Drafting table.

Figure 5. Exploded Drawing

Figure 5 shows the exploded parts of Innovated 2n1 drafting table as guide in assembling the components and identify different
parts and functions.
Bill of materials and estimates

Table 1. List of materials and supply.

A. Bill of Materials

Qty Unit Description Disposition Unit Price Total Price

19mm x 4’x8’ Marine Surface, panel boards

3 Pcs. Php 1,200 Php3,600.00
Plywood and multimedia cabinet

2 Pcs. S4s 2”x4”x6’ Good Lumber Sole Plate Php450.00 Php1,350.00

Rubber caster with lock
4 Pcs. Synthetic Engineering Sole Plate Rollers Php150.00 Php 450.00
Plastic
0.30-meter diameter
1 seat Projector rail guide Php150.00 Php150.00
Circular Rail guide
30 Pcs. 1-1/2” KDF Screw Panel Screw Php15.00 Php450.00
Metal Retractable Folding
2 seats Drawing Sliding Guide Php155.00 Php300.00
Roller Guide

1 Roll 19mm Melamine Tapes Edging Tape Php350.00 Php350.00

1 Liter White Glue Adhesive Php 150.00 Php150.00

6mm x 0.40m x 0.60m Clear
2 Pcs. Cabinet Door Php250.00 Php500.00
Glass
8mm Día x 2” Mechanical
4 Pcs. Pivot Shafting Php 7.00 Php28.00
Bolts and Nuts

1 Gal Automotive Paint Surface Painting Php1,200.00 Php1,200.00

10 pcs Sand Paper # 80, 120, 400 Sanding Php 12.00 Php 120.00

1 Liter Automotive Putty Spot Putty Php 270.00 Php 270.00

Automotive Clear Gloss

1 Liter Top Surface Painting Php1,500.00 Php1,500.00
Lacquer
Sub-total Cost of materials: Php 10,418.00

B. Labor Cost
Cost per Unit/student
QTY Worker/Unit Description Total Price
(3 working Days)
2 Students Cutting and Assemble Php 350.00(3)(2) Php 2,100.00

1 Teacher Supervision Php 550.00(3)(1) Php 1,650.00

1 Circular Saw Cross and Rip Cutting Php 150.00(3) Php 450.00

1 Air Compressor and Sprayer Painting Php 100.00(3) Php 300.00

Wood Surface Smooth

1 Portable Planer Php 150.00(3) Php 450.00
and cleaning

Panel Surfacing and

1 Portable Sander Php 150.00(3) Php 150.00(3)
Cleaning

Sub-total Cost of Materials Php 5,400.00

Table 1. Bill of materials and estimates

 Table 1 shows the technical requirements for the development of the Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting
Table for the Bill of Materials and Estimates. The list of materials and supplies stated in Table 1 were
in the vicinity available. These are materials such as Marine Plywood, Clear Glass and wood. These
items were purchased for the purpose of maximization of materials. This implies that the fabrication
of Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table can be made with minimal cost and fully utilized by the students for
making their drawing and construction building exercises and the labor and machine rental cost was
paid for this project and the cost is affordable. This labor cost was constructed by the students
supervised by the instructor.
The creation of Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table can be prototyped while the materials and
supplies are locally found.

Fabrication

The student can construct the Innovated 2 n 1 drafting table parts by parts. It is important to
take note of the steps of operation needed and observe the proper use of personal protective
equipment (PPE) for their safety and health. With a close supervision of instructor/professor.

Following steps in Fabrication of the Innovated 2n1 Drafting Table:

.
Step 1: Prepare the working drawing,
bill of materials and estimates.

Step 2: Secure and gather materials needed

for innovated 2n1 drafting table

Step 3: Prepare tools and equipment for

constructing and assembling the project.

Step 4: Layout and cut the ¾ Marine plywood

according to the corresponding
size and shapes.
• Cabinet, monitor and projector stand,
drawing board and the board with armrest
for keyboard and mouse.

Step 5: Prepare 0.30X 1.10 ¾ marine plywood as

rectangular and Extendable flat form for the
monitor and 360o turntable for the projector
stands.
 Step 6: Prepare 0.41 x 0.71 ¾ marine plywood with an
extendable armrest, for keyboard and mouse
with mouse pad.

Step 7: Prepare 0.50 mx 0.71m ¾ marine plywood

for drafting board

Step 8: Prepare the two-pieces S4S- 1x3 stick for sole

roller glider.

Step 9: Assemble the rectangular cabinet for

multi-media compartment and storage
for consumables of Innovated 2n1 Drafting Table.

Step 10: Apply Putty using putty knife of some imperfection

of wood to make it smooth using portable
sander/sand paper in preparation for paintings
using compressor and spray gun.

Finished product of Innovated 2n1 Drafting Table

Working drawing

Table 2. Acceptability of the constructed innovated 2 n 1 drafting table in terms of working drawing.
INSTRUCTORS STUDENTS
Working Drawing (N1 = 10) (N2 = 36)
X VD X VD

Preparation of the drawing instrument 4.8 HA 4.44 HA

Selection of materials in Basic drafting 4.8 HA 4.33 HA

Preparation of CAD drafting and sectioning 4.6 HA 4.33 HA

Detailing of Orthographic drawing and Isometric 4.9 HA 4.83 HA

Presentation of 3D drawing 4.6 HA 4.56 HA

Presentation of an exploded drawing 4.6 HA 4.44 HA

AVERAGE WEIGHTED MEAN 4.72 4.49

STANDARD DEVIATION 0.13 0.19

INTERPRETATION HIGHLY HIGHLY ACCEPTABLE

ACCEPTABLE

Table 2 shows the Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table design in terms of Working Drawing was
Highly Acceptable as manifested in the average weighted mean of the professors/instructors and
students of 4.72 and 4.49 with the standard deviation of 0.13 and 0.19 respectively. It means that
the constructed Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table design in terms of its working drawing met the
American National Standard Institute (ANSI) standards and this will be the basis for other designs.
Working drawings were provided to the professors/instructors and students during the
validation of the Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table as Working Drawings.

Bill of materials and estimates

Table 3. Acceptability of the fabricated innovated 2 n 1 drafting table in terms of the bill of materials
and estimates.

INSTRUCTORS STUDENTS

Criteria (N1 = 10) (N2 = 36)

X VD X VD
Availability of Materials 4.6 HA 4.5 HA

Utilization of Tools and Equipment 4.7 HA 4.56 HA

Specifications of materials, Tools, and Equipment 4.5 HA 4.83 HA

Labor costs, Equipment Rentals and mobilization Cos, 4.7 HA 4.67 HA

AVERAGE WEIGHTED MEAN 4.63 4.64

STANDARD DEVIATION 0.1 0.15

INTERPRETATION HIGHLY HIGHLY

ACCEPTABLE ACCEPTABLE

Table 3 shows the acceptability of the constructed Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table in terms of
Bill of Materials and Estimates. Statistically, the result is Highly Acceptable as proven by the evaluation
of the instructors and students with the average weighted mean of 4.63 and 4.64, and with the
standard deviation of 0.10 and 0.15. The Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table design as to the bill of materials
and estimates is proven good, safe, durable, and time-saving. For the duration of corroboration,
assembly drawing was attached.
Fabrication

Table 4. Acceptability of the constructed innovated 2 n 1 drafting table in terms of its fabrication.

INSTRUCTORS STUDENTS
Fabrication (N1 = 10) (N2 = 36)
X VD X VD

Selection of Materials 4.8 HA 4.33 HA

Selection of tools and equipment 4.6 HA 4.78 HA

Proper use of the fastener 4.4 HA 4.61 HA

Adequate ventilation for computer hardware 4.7 HA 4.67 HA

Proper attachment of retractable sliders. 4.3 HA 4.67 HA

Proper angle of drawing platform 4.8 HA 4.67 HA

Quality of the finished fabricated Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table. 4.8 HA 4.33 HA

Proper positioning of 360 turntable rail guides 4.6 HA 4.78 HA

Proper use of catches 4.7 HA 4.67 HA

Proper use of Armrest 4.7 HA 4.67 HA

AVERAGE WEIGHTED MEAN 4.64 4.62

STANDARD DEVIATION 0.21 0.15

INTERPRETATION HIGHLY ACCEPTABLE HIGHLY ACCEPTABLE

Table 4 shows the Acceptability of the Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table in terms of fabrication.
It shows six (6) indicators namely Selection of Materials, Proper use of fastener, Adequate ventilation
for computer hardware, Proper attachment of retractable slider, Proper angle of drawing platform,
Quality of the finished fabricated Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table, Proper positioning of 360 turntable
rail guides, Proper use of catches and Proper use of Armrest. The instructors described “Selection of
Materials, Proper use of fastener, Adequate ventilation for computer hardware, Proper attachment of
retractable slider, Proper angle of drawing platform, Quality of the finished fabricated Innovated 2 n 1
Drafting Table, Proper positioning of 360 turntable rail guides, Proper use of catches and Proper use
of Armrest” all as Highly Acceptable with the weighted mean of 4.80, 4.60, 4.40, 4.70, 4.80, 4.60, 4.40,
4.70, 4.30, and 4.80 respectively while the students described it all as Highly Acceptable with the
weighted mean of 4.33, 4.78, 4.61, 4.67,4.67, 4.33, 4.78, 4.61, 4.67 and 4.67 respectively. The
Acceptability of the constructed Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table in terms of Functions is summed up
and described as Highly Acceptable by both instructors and students as manifested in the average
weighted mean of 4.64 and 4.62 with a standard deviation of 0.21 and 0.15. It means that the
Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table is being constructed in the proper way with safety and proper
ventilation of the working areas and the Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table is in good quality. To have an
objective validation of the Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table based on questionnaire, assembly drawings
with parts list were given to professors/instructors and students and ocular inspection was done.
Summary

Table 5. Summary table of the acceptability of the innovated 2 n 1 drafting table in terms of the
working drawing, bill of materials, estimates, and fabrication.

INSTRUCTORS (N1 = 10) STUDENTS (N2 = 36)

Standards MEAN STDdev MEAN STDdev
Working drawing 4.72 0.13 4.49 0.19
Bill of materials &estimates 4.63 0.1 4.64 0.15

Fabrication 4.64 0.26 4.62 0.15

Total 4.66 0.15 4.58 0.17
Interpretation Highly Acceptable Highly acceptable

Table 5 shows the consolidated data on the Acceptability of the constructed Innovated 2 n 1
Drafting Table Design in terms of Working Drawing, Bill of Materials and Fabrication. The
professors/instructors rated the three categories as 4.72, 4.63, and 4.64 with a standard deviation of
0.13, 0.10, and 0.26, respectively while the students gave their responses to the four categories as
4.49, 4.64, 4.62, and 4.64 with a standard deviation of 0.19, 0.15, and 0.15 respectively. The over-all
on the Acceptability of the Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table Design by both by professors/instructors and
students indicate that it is Highly Acceptable as manifested in the average weighted mean of 4.66 and
4.53 with a standard deviation of 0.16 and 0.16 respectively.

Table 6. Test of significant mean difference between the perceptions of students and instructors.

Respondents Computed Critical Decision

Innovated 2n1 Drafting table t-value t-value
X1 SD1
Instructors(N=10) 4.66 0.15 1.52 2.02 Do not Reject Ho
Students(N=36)
4.58 0.17
Legend:
α=0.05 two-tailed test

In testing for the significant difference, the t-test was employed. Averaged weighted mean and
standard deviation were computed and recorded. Table 6 presents the result an Innovated 2 n 1
Drafting Table the Significant Mean difference between the perceptions of the respondents' groups
towards the Acceptability of the fabricated Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table. The instructors had a
weighted mean of 4.66 with the Standard deviation of 0.15 while the students had a weighted Mean
of 4.58 with a standard deviation of 0.17. The computed t-value of 1.52 is lesser than the critical value
of 2.02 therefore, Ho is accepted, which indicates that there is no significant difference between the
respondent group on the Acceptability of the Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table versus instructors and
professors. This means that both Instructors/Professors and students have the same perceptions on
the Fabricated 2 n 1 drafting table which is “HIGHLY ACCEPTABLE”.
Efficiency Test on the performance level Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table

Table 7 Performance level of Innovated 2n1 drafting table.

Indicators Mean STDdev Description

Sketching/Alphabet of Lines
4.28 1.61 Outstanding
Geometrical Construction/ Orthographic Drawing 4.17 1.47 Very Satisfactory
Perspective Drawing 4.28 1.53 Outstanding
Basic CAD Entity Exercises 3.98 1.41 Very Satisfactory
CAD Plotting/Printing 4.83 2.37 Outstanding
Total Mean 4.31 1.68 Outstanding

Table 7 shows the efficiency on the performance level of the newly developed 2 n 1 drafting
table. This test was performed by the evaluators in order to validate all possible scenarios that can be
made using the project. The first scenario performed by the evaluators was the sketching/drawing
alphabet of lines and came up with the overall rating of 4.28 described as "Outstanding", which means
that almost all of the evaluators agreed on the performance of the project. The second set of testing
was drawing the geometrical construction/orthographic drawing, which came up with a numerical
rating of 4.17 described as "Very Satisfactory". This indicates that drawing geometrical figures like
quadrilaterals, ellipse, and many others including the drawing of objects in different angles are very
efficient. The performance of the project from working drawing through perspective drawing is also
outstanding. The "Basic CAD Entity Exercises" were performed very well since it has a very satisfactory
performance rating, which means very efficient to use. Lastly, the efficiency of CAD Plotting/Printing
has also outstanding performance.
The total mean has a rating of 4.38 or outstanding indicating a high level of performance on
the efficiency of the 2 n 1 drafting table. The standard deviation value is 1.68, which means that
responses of the evaluators are closely associated with each other that implies that almost all of them
have common preferences on the efficiency of the Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table.

Conclusion and Recommendations

This study aimed to develop an Innovated 2 n 1 drafting table that served as a solution for
problems encountered by some practitioners, technical education skills development authority
(TESDA) competency assessors during assessment using the traditional one-way drafting table and
performing CADD operation. During the evaluation was found out that the developed project
performed a high level of performance on its efficiency as evaluated by the evaluators that almost all
of them have a common frame of references during the actual efficiency test.
The working drawing is acceptability and met the American National Standard Institute (ANSI)
standard and be the basis of the other designs. The prototyped Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table is very
well designed and the materials and supplies can be found in our locality. The Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting
Table design as to the bill of materials and estimates is proven good, safe, durable, and time-saving.
The project is also acceptable in terms of fabrication since it was constructed in a proper way with safe
and proper ventilation of the working areas. There is no significant difference between the responses
of the students and instructors. High level of performance on the overall efficiency of the 2 n 1 drafting
table.
Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the Innovated 2 n 1 Drafting Table
has met the standard in terms of working drawing, bill of materials and estimates and fabrication. It
has the capacity to adjust the angle of the Drafting Table platform, easy to move in any direction or
position of the drafting table, retract the keyboard platform and armrest mounting position. It is then
highly recommended that the instructional package and production of an Innovated 2 n 1 drafting
table be adopted and utilized by practitioners, industry, entrepreneurs and more importantly, In
Technical Education Skills Development Authority (TESDA) competency assessors/ trainers including
instructors and professors.
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