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This Excel sheet helps you design a pad-eye to be used for lifting or lashing during transport
It can be used for the design of a standard pad-eye with
1. No brackets
2. Single cheek plate on either side
References
1. AISC ASD 2010
2. API RP 2A WSD 9th Ed.
3. 0027/ND Rev 10, June 2013 (Nobledenton Guidelines for Marine Lifting and Lowering operations)
www.thenavalarch.com
In weld stress section modulus calculation, twt is used in place of tw for more conservative results
PAD - EYE DESIGN SPREADSHEET
1
As per AISC ASD
2
As per API RP 2A WSD Sec 2.4.2.a, a 5% lateral load is assumed
A. Geometry check
A.1 Main Plate Radius
Main Plate Radius R 55.00 mm
Diameter of eye pin hole De 34.00 mm
Check: R > 1.25 De OK
A.1 Shackle Clearance checks
Diameter of eye pin hole De 34.00 mm
Pin Diameter Dp 30.00 mm
Clearance between pin hole dia and pin dia δD De - Dp 4.00 mm
As per 0027/ND, the pin hole dia should be 2mm or 3% larger than pin dia (whichever is
OK
greater), upto a maximum of 6 mm
Shackle SWL SWLsh 10.00 MT
Shackle Inside Length Lsh 100.00 mm
Shackle Jaw Width Wsh 40.00 mm
Shackle Pin Diameter Dp 30.00 mm
Main Plate Radius R 55.00 mm
Main Plate Thickness t 10.00 mm
Cheek Plate Thickness tc 10.00 mm
Sling Diameter Dsling 20.00 mm
Length Clearance of Shackle δLshackle Lsh + Dp/2 - R - Dsling 40.00 mm
Width Clearance of Shackle δWshackle Wsh - t - 2*tc 10.00 mm
B. Stress Checks at Pin Hole
B.1 Bearing Stress Check at Pin Hole (Fig 3)
Design Bearing Load Pd 2.40 MT
Pin Diameter Dp 30.00 mm
Thickness of Main Plate t 10 mm
Thickness of Cheek Plate tc 10 mm
Bearing Area Abe π/4 x Dp x (t + 2 x tc) 706.86 mm2
Bearing Stress (Actual) σbe(act) Pd / Abe 33.31 MPa Fig 3: Bearing Contact Area
Bearing Stress (Allowed) σbe(allow) 211.50 MPa (Assumed at an arc of 90 degrees)
Bearing Stress Check at Pin Hole OK
B.2 Shear Stress Check at Pin Hole 0.196832
Pad-eye Design Shear Load Pd 2.40 MT
Radius of Main Plate R 55.00 mm
Diameter of Cheek Plate Dc 90.00 mm
Thickness of Main Plate t 10 mm
Radius of Cheek Plate Rc Dc / 2 45 mm
Thickness of Cheek Plate tc 10 mm
Diameter of Pin Hole (Eye) De 34 mm
2
Shear Area of pin hole - See Fig 4 Asp 2 x [(R-De/2) x t + 2 x (Rc- De/2) x tc] 1880 mm
Shear Stress at pin hole σsp(act) Pd / Asp 12.52 MPa
Allowable Shear Stress at pin hole σsp(allow) 94.00 MPa Fig 4: Shear stress area at pin hole
Shear Stress Check at Pin Hole OK
B.3 Tensile Stress Check at Pin Hole(See Fig 5)
Pad-eye Design Load Pd 2.40 MT
Radius of Main Plate R 55.00
Thickness of Main Plate t 10 mm
Radius of Cheek Plate Rc Dc / 2 45 mm
Thickness of Cheek Plate tc 10 mm
Diameter of Pin Hole De 34 mm
Tensile Area for section A-A At1p 2 x [(R-De/2)t + 2 x (Rc-De/2)tc] 1880.00 mm2
Tensile Stress at pin hole (Actual) at section A-A σtp(act) Pd / At1p 12.52 MPa
2
Tensile Area for section B-B At2p [2 x R + π x Rc/2] x t 1806.86 mm Fig 5: Tensile stress area at pin hole
Tensile Stress at pin hole (Actual) at section B-B σtp(act) Pd / At2p 13.03 MPa
Tensile Stress at pin hole (Allowed) σtp(allow) 105.75 MPa
Tensile Stress Check at Pin Hole OK
B.3 Hertz/Contact Stress Check at Pin Hole(See Fig 6) 1
Pad-eye Design Load Pd 2.40 MT
Design Load per unit Length p Pd/(t + 2 x tc) 0.08 MT/mm
Modulus of Elasticity E 200000 MPa
Poisson's Ratio ν 0.3
Diameter of Pin Hole De 34 mm
Diameter of Pin Dp 30 mm
2
Hertz Stress at Pin Hole σH(act) √[ p x E x (De - Dp)/{π x ( 1 - ν ) x De x Dp}] 464.01 MPa
Allowable Hertz Stress σH(allow) 470.00 MPa
Hertz/Contact Stress Check at Pin Hole OK
Fig 6: Contact/Hertz Stress at Pin Hole
1
Roark's formulas for Stress and Strain, Table 14.1
C. Stress Checks at Base Plate
C.1 Base Plate Dimensions
Base Plate Length L 130.00 mm
Base Plate Thickness t 10 mm
C.2 Tensile Stress Check Mdyy
Design Tensile Force Pt Pt = Pzd 2.08 MT
2
Tensile Area Atb txL 1300 mm
Tensile Stress at Base (Actual) σtb(act) Pt / Atb 15.68 MPa
Y - Axis
Pyd
Tensile Stress (Allowed) σt(allow) 141.00 MPa
Tensile Stress Check at Base OK
C.3 Bending Stress Check
Design Load in Horizontal Direction (Y-direction) Pyd 1.20 MT
L Pxd
Design Load in Vertical Direction (Z-direction) Pzd 2.08 MT Section Modulus:
X - Axis Mdxx
Design Load in Lateral Direction (X-direction) Pxd 0.12 MT
About X-axis:
Moment lever for Horizontal/Lateral Force h H - R (Height of padeye - Rad. Of Main Plate) 70.00 mm
Zbxx = tL2/6
Moment lever for Vertical Force e R - L/2 -10.00 mm
Total Design Moment about X-axis (In-plane) Mdxx Pyd x h + Pzd x e 63.22 MT-mm t
About Y-axis:
Section Modulus of Base about X-axis (See Fig 7) Zbxx tL2/6 28166.67 mm3 Fig 7: Section Modulus of Base
Bending Stress (Actual) - about X-axis (In-plane) σbbx(act) Mdxx/Zbxx 22.02 MPa (Rectangular Cross Section)
Bending Stress (Allowed) - about X-axis (In-plane) σbd(allow) 141.00 MPa
Bending Stress Check at Base (X-axis) OK
Total Design Moment about Y-axis (Out-of Plane) Mdyy Pxd x h 8.40 MT-mm
Section Modulus of Base about Y-axis (See Fig 7) Zbyy Lt2/6 2166.67 mm3
Bending Stress (Actual) - about Y-axis (Out-of-Plane) σbby(act) Mdyy/Zbyy 38.03 MPa
Bending Stress (Allowed) - about Y-axis (Out-of-Plane) σbdo(allow) 176.25 MPa
Bending Stress Check at Base (Y-axis) OK
C.4 Shear Stress Check at Base
Design Load in Horizontal Direction - Y direction Pyd 1.20 MT
Design Load in Lateral Direction - X direction Pxd 0.12 MT
2
Shear Area at Base (Horizontal) Asb txL 1300 mm
Shear Stress at Base (Actual) - Horizontal (Y direction) τsby(act) Pyd / Asb 9.06 MPa
Shear Stress at Base (Allowed) τs(allow) 94.00 MPa
Shear Stress Check at Base (Y direction) OK
Shear Stress at Base (Actual) - Lateral (X direction) τsbx(act) Pxd / Asb 0.91 MPa
Shear Stress at Base (Allowed) τs(allow) 94.00 MPa
Shear Stress Check at Base (X direction) OK
C.5 Von Mises Stress Check at Base
Von Mises Stress at Base (Actual) σvb(act) {(σtb + σbbx + σbby)2 + 3(τsbx2 + τsby2)}1/2 77.36 MPa
C.6 Combined Stress Check as per AISC H2-1
Axial Tension (calculated) fa σtb(act) 15.68 MPa
Allowable Tensile Stress Ft σt(allow) 141.00 MPa
In-plane Bending Stress (calculated) fbx σbbx(act) 22.02 MPa
Allowable In-plane Bending Stress Fbx σbd(allow) 141.00 MPa
Out-of-plane Bending Stress (calculated) fby σbby(act) 38.03 MPa
Allowable Out-of-plane Bending Stress Fby σbdo(allow) 176.25 MPa
fa/Ft + fbx/Fbx + fby/Fby <= 1.0 0.48 OK
D. Weld Stress Check of Base Weld
D.1 Weld Dimensions and Design Loads
Weld leg size tw 7.00 mm
Throat thickness twt tw/√2 4.95 mm
Total Weld Length Lw 2xL+2xt 280.00 mm
Design Load in Horizontal Direction (Y-direction) Pyd 1.20 MT
Design Load in Vertical Direction (Z - direction) Pzd 2.08 MT Mdyy
Design Load in Lateral Direction (X - direction) Pxd 0.12 MT
Moment lever for Horizontal/Lateral Force h H-R 70.00 mm
Moment lever for Vertical Force e R - L/2 -10.00 mm
D.2 Shear Stress at Base Weld
Shear Area of Base Weld Asbw twt x Lw 1385.93 mm2 Y - Axis tw = Weld Thickness
Shear Stress at Base Weld(Actual) - Horizontal (Y -direction) τsbwy(act) Pyd / Asbw 8.49 MPa
Shear Stress at Base Weld(Actual) - Lateral (X - direction) τsbwx(act) Pxd / Asbw 0.85 MPa
D.3 Tensile Stress at Base Weld
Tensile Force Pt Pt = Pzd 2.08 MT Mdxx
Tensile Area at Base Atbw twt x Lw 1385.93 mm2 d=L
X - Axis Section Modulus (treating the weld
Tensile Stress at Base Weld (Actual) σtbw(act) Pzd / Atbw 14.71 MPa
as line):
D.3 Section Modulus of Base Weld (See Fig 8)
Width of Weld b t 10.00 mm About X-axis:
Length of Weld d L 130.00 mm Zwbxx = (bd + d2/3) x tw
Section Modulus of Weld about X-axis Zwbxx (b x d + d2/3) x twt 34318.25 mm3 b
Section Modulus of Weld about Y-axis Zwbyy (b x d + b2/3) x twt 6599.66 mm
3 About Y-axis:
Zwbyy = (bd + b2/3) x tw
D.4 Bending Stress Check at Base Weld
Total Design Moment about X-axis (In-plane) Mdxx Pyd x h + Pzd x e 63.22 MT-mm Fig 8: Section Modulus of Base Weld
Bending Stress at Base Weld (Actual) - about X Axis (In Plane) σbbwx(act) Mdxx/Zwbxx 18.07 MPa
Total Design Moment about Y-axis (Out-of Plane) Mdyy Pxd x h 8.40 MT-mm
Bending Stress (Actual) - about Y-axis (Out-of-Plane) σbby(act) Mdyy/Zwbyy 12.49 MPa
D.5 Total Stress Check at Base Weld
Total Stress at Base Weld (Actual) σcbw(act) {(σtbw + σbbwx + σbbwy)2 + τsbwx2 + τsbwy2}1/2 46.07 MPa
Total Stress at Base Weld (Allowed) σcbw(allow) 123.00 MPa
Combined Stress Check at Base OK
E. Weld Check at Cheek Plate Weld
Weld Leg size twc 7.00 mm
Throat thickness twtc tcw/√2 4.95 mm
Dia of Cheek Plate Dc 90 mm
Thickness of Cheek Plate tc 10 mm
Weld Length Lwc (π x Dc)/2 (Half circumference of cheek plate) 141.37 mm
2
Weld Area at Cheek Plate Awc twtc x Lwc 699.75 mm
Design Load Pd 2.40 MT
Design Load on one cheek plate Pdc Pd x tc / (t + 2 x tc) 0.80 MT
Weld Stress at Cheek Weld (Actual) σwc(act) Pdc/Awc 11.22 MPa
Weld Stress Allowable σw(allow) 123.00 MPa
Stress Check at Cheek Plate Weld OK
Terms and Conditions