Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Nueva Vizcaya
BINTAWAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
VILLAVERDE, Nueva Vizcaya
MAÑANA HABIT: A Study on the Perceived Effect on the Academic Performance of

Grade 10 Students in Bintawan National High School

A Practical Research

Presented to the Faculty of

Bintawan National High School

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

In Practical Research 1

S.Y. 2022-2023

Franklhen Shym Rigor

Carelle Kate Tabili

Alvin John Duque

Dan Edison Dinolan

Rochelle Saludares

Avegail Ubaldo

Lyka Romero

Jasmin Dalit

Ishi Rigonan

Student Researchers

1|Page
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Nueva Vizcaya
BINTAWAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
VILLAVERDE, Nueva Vizcaya

CHAPTER I

Background of the Study

A. Rationale

The habit of rising early is one of the customs that is Mañana Habit. This Mañana in

Spanish term is for today, tomorrow, or later. This is a behavior that, in other words

procrastination because it delays doing the work that has to be done at the designated time

and within the designated length of time. This technique is still prevalent today, especially

among Students. Simply said, this behavior offends Filipino culture. Tasks that must be done

right now are frequently postponed. This is the cause of the work not being finished in the

appropriate amount of time (Jose A. 2014).

Filipino Mañana Habit or what we call as Procrastination have possible factors that

affect students academic performance in school. Academic procrastination is the prevalence

of self-perceived problem that results in reducing academic performance of the students and

increase stress and poor value of life. This kind of dilatory behavior or postponing task that

are much more important and putting it off later is the habits of students. The students who

procrastinate are notorious for putting of their task later, in which the students may results

failure in their exams due to their lack of attention on studying, rather than their intellectual

capacity. However, some students procrastinate because of the averseness of the task given

and to some extent, spontaneous enjoyment. The common concept of procrastination is

maladaptive, in which students use it as a coping mechanism against anxiety. Procrastination

is a problem and issue that affects everyone. According to an ed-tech business, the proportion

of students engaging in procrastination is rising. The majority of them spend time performing

2|Page
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Nueva Vizcaya
BINTAWAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
VILLAVERDE, Nueva Vizcaya
activities unrelated to their study. According to the research, 87% of high school and college

students admit it to procrastinating, and 45% of them claim that doing so has a detrimental

impact of their academic performance. The most common sources of Mañana Habit among

students were found by napping, browsing social media, and watching television or movies

(M Nartea,M Gabriel, Hr Samala, R Javier 2014).

Think positively for a moment, there are benefits and drawbacks to the Mañana Habit.

It can occasionally be advantageous because it allows you to unwind or rest and because it

can relieve stress. If you can control it, it also grants you nirvana or solitude. As well as...

Well, that's about it. It does, in fact, have additional drawbacks. Constantly engaging in this

behavior will lead to a deluge of unfinished assignments, projects, seat works, and

performance tasks, which will cause even more stress. If you continue to practice this habit, it

will be challenging to get rid of it from your system. Last but not least, it consistently

produces incomplete, superficial, and trivial results. In conclusion, it has more detrimental

impacts than beneficial effects. (Evans, P. (2018)

Putting off critical activities till later and rushing to complete them at the last minute

as the deadline approaches are known as "Mañana Habits." At some point, Filipinos have all

succumbed to the Mañana tendency, where they increase the amount of time, they have to

accomplish a task or decrease the amount of time it takes to finish it, putting them under

pressure and leading to half-baked ideas and solutions. This behavior demonstrates the

culture's disregard for time, which is particularly evident among students. The majority of

Filipinos believe they are working on critical, important jobs, but ultimately discover they are

wasting their time, making this a social issue. This is a custom and behavior that is unique to

the Filipino people. Joaquin, H. F. (2014, October 20).

3|Page
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Nueva Vizcaya
BINTAWAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
VILLAVERDE, Nueva Vizcaya
According to Ann Graybiel, an MIT scientist interviewed by Duhigg, Once ingrained

in our brains, habits are challenging to break. The issue is that your brain cannot distinguish

between good and bad habits, so if you have a negative habit, it is constantly present and

waiting for the appropriate cues (or triggers) and rewards. "Such behaviors constantly remain

inside our thoughts," she claims, "whether we establish a practice of lounging on the couch

rather than exercising or munching anytime we pass a doughnut box." But, if we can discover

new habits or pursuits that counteract this way of thinking, we can push negative tendencies

to the side.

Thus, this study aims to investigate why most of the students, especially the Grade 10

students of Bintawan National High School engage in Mañana Habit an what are the possible

effects towards the students’ performance in academic.

B. Statement of the Problem

Statement of the Problem

1. What is the profile of students with Mañana Habit? In terms of:

 Sex

 Age

2. What are the perceived effects of Mañana habit among Grade 10 students in their

Academic Performance?

3. What are the factors that may contribute in the manifestation of Mañana Habit to the

respondents?

4|Page
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Nueva Vizcaya
BINTAWAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
VILLAVERDE, Nueva Vizcaya
C. Scope and Delimitation

This research will focus only on the Effects of Mañana Habit to the academic

performance of Grade 10 Students at Bintawan National High School. So, the prospect

sample of this research is limited only to selected Grade 10 students in Bintawan National

High School.

D. Significance of the study

The result of this study about Mañana Habit are very helpful to the following

individuals.

School Administrators

Students: They will learn new strategies on how to motivate students to study, despite of

having the 'mamaya na' habit.

Parents: They will immediately order their children to do homework so that their children

will not say 'mamaya na’.

Teachers: They will motivate the students to learn.

5|Page
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Nueva Vizcaya
BINTAWAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
VILLAVERDE, Nueva Vizcaya

E. Conceptual Framework

Process Output
Input  Gathering of data on  Profile of Grade 10
students with mañana students with mañana
Demographic Data habit habit
 Distribution of survey  Perceived effects of
(sex and Age)
questionnaire to the Mañana Habit on
grade 10 students Academic Performance

The conceptual framework above shows that the input is the demographic data of

grade 10 students in terms of sex and age, and a survey questionnaire on perceived effects of

mañana habit. The process involves gathering data on students with Mañana habit,

distributing the survey questionnaire, and analyzing the data using statistical tools. The output

includes the profile of grade 10 students with mañana habit on their academic performance.

The conceptual framework uses the input-process-output (IPO) model, which is a tool

used to describe the flow of inputs, processes, and outputs in a system. In this case, the IPO

model helps to organize the variables and identify the relationships between them, in order to

address the research questions.

6|Page
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Nueva Vizcaya
BINTAWAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
VILLAVERDE, Nueva Vizcaya

F. Definition of terms

Mañana Habit - The habit of putting off until tomorrow what might be done today is known

as the "mañana habit." Like the majority of our procrastination issues, it frequently happens

unconsciously. It is a manner of thinking and acting that was learned by prior practice at task

avoidance, 'MAMAYA NA'.

Academic Performance: Refers to how successful is the students in meeting the short-time

and long-term goals in education.

Procrastination: People who set aside their task.

7|Page
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Nueva Vizcaya
BINTAWAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
VILLAVERDE, Nueva Vizcaya

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A. Prevalence of Mañana Habit

The “Mañana Habit´ is frequently observed in students and encourages

procrastination or simply the act of procrastinating when there is a chance that it would

result in failure to complete homework or activities in school. This behavior frequently

leads to a very disorganized manner of operating, which has an impact on an individual’s

overall productivity at school.

Pepoa (2010) claims that the Mañana Habit can also be categorized as “

Procrastination Virus” due to the negative effects on us. Whereas this tendency has

caused us to become less motivated and effective at completing assignments. Academic

work procrastination is a prevalent issue among middle school students and college

students. And it is one of the major reasons why students fail to educate oneself and

succeed in school (Balkis, Duru, 2009).

According to Ducharme (2018) who referenced Rozental, individuals delay things

because they don’t value a particular activity and believe they will be unable to do it,

obtain the value they wish to pursue due to the impulsiveness of persons. Because of this,

they delay things. Concerned about the outcome and doubting their ow abilities, they can

do well because they are afraid of failing.

8|Page
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Nueva Vizcaya
BINTAWAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
VILLAVERDE, Nueva Vizcaya

B. Causes and Effects of Mañana Habit

The Mañana Habit, which is increasingly becoming ingrained in many

Filipinos, has a variety of repercussions on an individual. We have accomplished less

as a result of this tendency and have missed many opportunities. It is also one of the

main causes of our declining productivity and our tendency to provide our products

late, which hinders our ability to develop as people (Pepoa, 2010).

The word “Mañana Habit” refers to the practice of putting off or delaying

completion of necessary tasks. One of the terrible habits of the Filipinos is this. There

is a propensity for people to rush through their work or miss deadlines, if it happens.

Someone will typically put their leisure time first. Students say ”Mamaya ko nalang

gagawin” or (I’ll do it later) rather than working. The worst asoect is that we were

becoming inactive because of laziness (Jostine.Talli, 2019).

Cherry (2019) highlighted that putting off a task or piece of work is

performing duties around the house instead of schoolwork, it was due of their

unchecked behavior that mañana habit will undoubtedly have a significant negative

influence on students life, work and academic performance are all either receiving

poor marks in school.

However, Bailey (2017) indicated that if you keep going, it would be simple.

What you’ve already begun, if you do it, it will be better for everyone. Complete the

assignments immediately. There wouldn’t be space for if we just get everything done

on time, we won’t have to cram. The inventiveness, the aesthetic quality of your

9|Page
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Nueva Vizcaya
BINTAWAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
VILLAVERDE, Nueva Vizcaya
work, and the desire to do your work quickly, will fade as long as we will continue to

put off things.

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This study used a quantitative-qualitative research methodology. The researchers will

be using the descriptive research wherein according to McCombes (2019), this type of

research aims to describe a phenomenon. It answers what, when, where, when and

how questions, but not why questions.

The data gathering will be done once; this study is cross-sectional. According to Bhat

(2019), cross-sectional study is an observational research type that analyzes data of variables

collected at one given point of time across a sample population. The data can be collected

from this type of study is from people who are similar in all variables except the one variable

which is under study.

Sample and Sampling Technique

The data were gathered from the Grade 10 Students of Bintawan National High

School. The respondents were selected through simple random selection. The key

respondents were chosen based on their experiences and knowledge about the Mañana Habit.

In this study, there were 42 respondents who participated. Table 1 presents their distribution

according to their sex and age.

10 | P a g e
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Nueva Vizcaya
BINTAWAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
VILLAVERDE, Nueva Vizcaya

Table 1

Distribution of the Respondents According to their sex and age

Sex F %
Male 14 5.88%
Female 28 11.76%
Total 42 42
The respondents were chosen from the different section from Grade 10 in Bintawan

National High School with 42 respondents in each different sections in Grade 10.

Research Environment

The research locale of this study was at Bintawan National High School, situated at

Barangay Bintawan Sur, Villaverde, Nueva Vizcaya. The researchers think that it is the best

place to collect data because it can help the school to know if the students are really aware

and knowledgeable about the Mañana Habit. Most of the students that study here has ages

that range from 15-18 years old.

Instrumentation/Research Instrument

In gathering the data, the researchers used questionnaire because it is the easiest way

to gather data. The questions/items in the instrument are constructed to answer each of the

specific questions under study and it was written in English language. It has three parts—first

is for the informants’ personal information that includes their name(optional), sex and their

age, the second part are the questions that seek to answer what the perceived effects of

Mañana habit among Grade 10 students in terms of; Academic. And the third part is about

11 | P a g e
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Nueva Vizcaya
BINTAWAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
VILLAVERDE, Nueva Vizcaya
what are the factors that may contribute in the manifestation of Mañana Habit to the

respondents?

The questionnaires were having a total of 15 items that focused on the Mañana Habits

and in the form of Always, Sometimes, Rarely, and Never type.

In order to have a very smooth flow of the research, the researchers set a certain goal

in order to achieve the best result.

First, the researchers formulated the questionnaire guide. Second, they created a

tentative list of respondents or targets that will serve as the source of the research data. And

lastly, the researchers made a letter addressing the authorities and the respondents that seeks

their permission in allowing the researchers to gather data under their institution.

After collecting, the researchers will then analyze and interpret the collected data.

Data Gathering Analysis

Coding Scheme

To facilitate the analysis of data, codes will be used. In this study the male will be

coded as “1”, while female is “2”. In the answers of respondents in the questionnaires, right

answers will be coded as “1”.

Treatment of Data

Responses to the questionnaires by the respondents were through content analysis. To

describe the respondents’ age and sex, percentage was used.

12 | P a g e
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Nueva Vizcaya
BINTAWAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
VILLAVERDE, Nueva Vizcaya
1.) To determine the level of familiarity of the respondents to the Mañana Habit.

Percentage, mean & standard deviation was used.

2.) To determine the level of familiarity of the Grade 10 Students to the Mañana

Habit in terms of gender & grade level percentage was also used.

3.) To determine the struggles of Grade 10 Students in Mañana Habit, the researchers

did the qualitative processes like content analysis.

13 | P a g e