CHAPTER 3

Research Design

This chapter discusses the research design of the study, methodology, source of

data, data gathering procedure, instrumentation and the statistical tools used in the study.

Research Method Used

The researchers used the development method of research employing the general

system theory. Through this method, the researchers used theoretical analysis,

observation and experiments to come up with evidences, proofs and fact to attain the kind

of application that are suitable to the present study. Development research investigate

patterns and sequences of growth and change as function of time. This study anchored on

this idea in developing the device to investigate the changing patterns of developing the

long-range burglar alarm with laser torch. Further, the descriptive method was used to

describe the theories and information used in refining the data of the study the

developmental method was considered to upgrade and evaluate the degree of

acceptability of the device in terms of its functionality and ability. Developmental method

was used to give the factual output of the device.

Source of Data

The primary source of data was taken from the results of evaluation of the

respondents of the study composed of twenty (25) 3rd year student of Bachelor of Science

in Electronics Technology who are officially enrolled for SY 2023-2024 as the

respondent for purposive sampling and five (5) college professor of Polangui Albay.
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Others source of data were taken from the books and internet that provided

enough knowledge and information on the success of the study.

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Modification of the
Design of LRBAULT.

Preparation of the
Materials, Tools and
Equipment.

Construction of the
Devise.

Testing and Revision

of the Device.

Evaluation of the
Modified Device

Fig. 3.0 Flow Chart of Data Gathering Procedure

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Data Gathering Procedure

The existing Burglar Alarm system using light sensor and a photo transistor was

modified in the present study by using new improved gadget in the components of the

device.

In the development of the device, figure 3.0 shows the following steps: the

modification of the design of the LRBAULT, the preparation of materials, tools and

equipment needed, the construction of the device, the testing and revision and the

evaluation of the device. Block diagram of the LRBAULT was viewed in figure 4.0. The

body of the laser torch is connected to the emitter of NPN transistor T1 and the spring-

loaded lead protruding from inside the torch is connected to the ground. Then, the

function on this diagram is the Long-Range Burglar Alarm using Laser Torch.

In the evaluation of the device, the degree of functionality, sensitivity, accuracy and

efficiency were determined.

A. Modification of the Device

In this step, rough study and depth analysis of the modified design of

LRBAULT device was done. It concerned with addition of new parts on the

device comparably on the previous existing device, the Burglar Alarm System

(BAS) with a Photo Transistor (PT) and Resistor R15 and Capacitor C10 and a

new Long-Range Burglar Alarm Using Laser Torch.

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B. Preparation of the Materials, Tools and Equipment

After making the perspective design of the LRBAULT, the materials, tools

and equipment were determined. The materials and components of the device

were purchased and prepared.

C. Construction of the Device

After preparing the materials, tools and equipment needed, and actual

construction, modification and installation of the new design of the device was

done.

D. Testing and Revising

After the construction, modification and installation, the device was

subjected for testing in order to check its functionality, sensitivity, accuracy and

safety specifically on each part where malfunctioning on some parts of the device

may occur. Revisions were done on the detected malfunctioning in its specific

connections and installation.

E. Evaluation

After a series of tests and revisions on the prototype device, its was

subjected for evaluation by the respondents where the degree of acceptability in

terms of functionality, sensitivity, accuracy and safety of the device was

measured.
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After the evaluation, permission from the Campus Dean to allow the

BSET students to evaluate the device was sought. When permission was granted,

the researchers informed asked the respondents to evaluate the device. They asked

the utmost cooperation of the respondents by answering honestly the evaluation

sheets while conducting a demonstration to the respondents. The respondents

were allowed to test the device in order to rate it in accordance with the criteria

set. The data and other information gathered were tallied, analysed and

interpreted.

Instrumentation

In order to determine the degree of acceptability of Long-Range Burglar

Alarm Using Laser Torch in terms of functionality, sensitivity, accuracy and

efficiency, an evaluation sheets were used.

A five (5) point Lickert scale in rating was used in the evaluation of the

output of the study. The criteria used for rating are as follows: 5 – much

acceptable, 4 – more acceptable, 3 – acceptable, 2 – less acceptable, 1 – not

acceptable.

Scale Range Descriptive Interpretation

5 4.2 – 5.0 Very Much Acceptable

4 3.4 – 4.1 Much Acceptable

3 2.6 – 3.3 Acceptable

2 1.8 – 2.5 Less Acceptable

1 1.0 – 1.7 Not Acceptable

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R = HS – LS

Where:

R = range

HS = highest score

LS = lowest score

Statistical Tools

To determine the degree of acceptability of the device in terms of its

functionality, sensitivity, accuracy and efficiency the weighted mean was used.

The formula is shown below.

Σfx
X = f

Where:

X = is the weighted mean

Σfx = sum of all products of f and x

f = the weight

f = total number of the respondents

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Notes

Laureta P. Calmorin, Educational Research Measurements and

Evaluation. National Bookstore Inc. Manila, Philippines, 1994, p. 93.