Lesson Plan in Mathematics 10

Third Quarter, Week 4

I. Learning Competency:
A. Illustrate mutually exclusive events. (M10SP-IIIi-1)

II. Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
A. define mutually exclusive events,
B. solve for the probability of mutually exclusive events,
C. differentiate mutually exclusive events from not mutually exclusive events; and
D. appreciate the application of the concept of mutually exclusive events in real life.

III. Subject Matter

A. Topic: Mutually Exclusive Events
B. Materials:
Permanent marker, chalk board, chalk, manila paper, PowerPoint presentation
C. References:
1. Mathematics Learner’s Module Grade 10, pp. 59 – 64.
2. Mathematics Teacher’s Guide Grade 10, pp. 291 – 293.
3. Purple Math, https://www.purplemath.com/modules/synthdiv.htm
4. Teachers Pay Teachers, https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Coloring-Flower-
4-pages-7th-Grade-Math-Common-Core-Integers-All-Operations-1490267
5. John Hopkins Medicine, https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-
diseases/anatomy-of-the-brain
6. Investopedia, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/mutuallyexclusive.asp#
7. Analyze Math, https://www.analyzemath.com/statistics/mutually-exclusive.html
D. Value: Accuracy and precision in one’s work, perseverance and patience in reaching one’s goals

IV. Instructional Procedure

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity Teacher’s Note
A. Activity
1. Pre-Activity Teacher’s goal is to give an
a. Prayer, checking of One student leads the prayer. amazing learning experience to
attendance learners. To achieve it, learners’
cooperation is greatly needed by
b. Review obeying the following rules:
Review on probability of
simple events. 1.Using of gadgets is strictly
prohibited unless the
What is probability? Probability is the likelihood or teacher allowed it. In case of
chance of an event occurring. emergency, just ask
properly.
What is the formula for the P(E) = 2. Respect and listen to fellow
probability of events? number of ways the event can occur classmates and teacher.
number of possible outcomes3. Cooperate with classmates
in doing tasks.

Solve the following problems

involving probability.

1. There are 10 books in

 our classroom, 3 are P(E) =

English, 2 are Science, 4 4 2 number of ways the event can occur

P(Mathematics) = = number of possible outcomes
are Mathematics and 1 is 10 5
Filipino. What is the
probability of picking a 3 for picking a Mathematics book:
Mathematics book? An P(English) = 10
English book? No. of ways the event can occur = 4
No. of possible outcomes = 10
4 2
P(Mathematics) = = = 40%
10 5

for picking an English book:

No. of ways the event can occur = 3

No. of possible outcomes = 10
What can you say about
your chance of picking a 3
P(English) = = 30%
Mathematics book? How 10
about an English book? There’s only 40% chance of
The chance of picking either
picking a Mathematics book
2. A die is rolled once. Find and 30% chance of picking an English or Mathematics book is
the probability of English book. unlikely to happen.
obtaining an odd
number. 3 1
P(Odd) = = No. of ways the event can occur = 3
6 2 No. of possible outcomes = 6
What can you say about
3 1
your chance of obtaining P(English) = = = 50%
an odd number after 6 2
rolling a die once?
There’s a 50% chance of There is an even chance of
obtaining an odd number. obtaining an odd number after
the die is rolled.

c. Motivation
Think Twice.
(This is a quick activity that
tests if there are 2 activities
that can or can’t be done at Probability is from 0 – 1.
the same time.) Activities to be tested:
A. Move the right leg in anti-
The brain is a complex organ clockwise circles and draw
that controls thought, the number 8 with the
memory, emotion, touch, right hand.
motor skills, vision, B. Sing along and dance the
breathing, temperature, trending Tiktok dance
hunger and every process craze.
that regulates our body. Let C. Slowly rotate the index
us test if your brain can let fingers of both hands
you do 2 activities at the clockwise and try to go
same time. faster and faster
d. Presentation D. Draw the number six with
 your right hand and make
What can you say about the clockwise circles with your
activity? What have you right leg
learned from it?

There are things or activities

Today’s lesson is about that we can do and cannot do
events that cannot happen at the same time.
at the same time.

Present the new lesson:

Mutually Exclusive Events

2. Activity Proper Teacher presents the objectives

for learning.
Group Activity.
Divide the class into 3 groups.

Activity:

Solve the following

problems.

1. A card is drawn at Teacher gives each group the

random from a pack of Groups discuss their answers. activity sheet and materials
52 playing cards. What is needed.
the probability of
drawing a King or a The following are the standard
Queen? procedures for group work.
1. Assign team roles to ensure
2. A box contains 2 red, 4 that everyone participates.
green, 5 blue and 3 2. Time allotted for the activity
yellow marbles. If a is 5 minutes.
single random marble is 3. Publication of work follows
chosen from the box, by posting your work on the
what is the probability board.
that it is a blue or a
green marble? Teacher moves around to aid
students.

3. Post- Activity
Presentation of answers by
each group.

B. Analysis
Groups post their answers on
a. What can you say about the board.
the activity?

b. How did you come up

with your answers? Let’s Students’ answer may vary.
start with the first group,
how did you answer Probability of Mutually Exclusive
problem 1? We used our knowledge on Events Formula:
 how to solve for the
c. What can you conclude probability of simple events. P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)
about the chance of If two events, A and B, can’t
choosing a King or a happen at the same time, then
Queen from a standard the probability that either A or B
deck of cards? occurs is the sum of their
There is a small chance of probabilities.
d. Group 2, how did you drawing a King or a Queen
answer the second from a deck of 52 cards. It is 1. P(King or Queen) = P(King) +
problem? unlikely to happen. P(Queen)
4 4
P(King or Queen) = +
52 52
Same with group 1, we used 8 2
our knowledge on determining P(King or Queen) = =
52 13
the probability of events and ≈ 0.15 ≈15%
then took note that in getting
the probability of two events 2. P(blue or green) = P(blue) +
which we think are impossible P(green)
e. What can you say about to happen at the same time, 5 4
the chance of choosing a we have to find the probability P(blue or green) = +
14 14
red or a green marble of each event and get their 9
from the box then? sum. P(blue or green) = ≈ 0.64
14
≈ 64%
f. Third group, what have There is a big chance of
you realized about these choosing a blue or a green
types of problems marble. The event is likely to
involving probability? happen.

g. Let us check if your We realized that those

answers are correct problems involved events that
can’t happen simultaneously.
C. Abstraction Only 1 event is possible to
a. What are mutually happen.
exclusive events?

Mutually exclusive events are

events that cannot happen at
the same time.
Events are mutually exclusive if
the occurrence of one event
excludes the occurrence of the
b. Can you give more
other(s). Mutually exclusive
examples of mutually
events cannot happen at the
exclusive events?
same time. For example: when
tossing a coin, the result can
either be heads or tails but
c. How do we solve for the Turning to the left and to the
cannot be both.
probability of these right when driving a car,
events? winning and losing a game,
For 3 Mutually Exclusive Events:
etc…
P(A or B or C) = P(A) + P(B) + P(C)
d. What can you say about To solve for the probability of
the probability of mutually exclusive events, use
 mutually exclusive the formula, P(A or B) = P(A) +
events happening at the P(B)
same time?
If the two or more events are
e. Can you identify a mutually exclusive, they would
mutually exclusive event not happen simultaneously. If the two (or more) events, A
from a not mutually The probability would be zero. and B, are mutually exclusive,
exclusive event? Can you this means that the probability
tell the difference? Site of event A and event B
an example. If 2 events or more can’t happening is zero.
happen at the same time, then
the events are mutually
exclusive. If the events can
happen simultaneously, then
it is considered as not
mutually exclusive.
Having a 2 and a 6 as an
outcome after rolling a fair die
once is impossible to happen
so it is a mutually exclusive
f. What have you realized event while getting a 5 and at
after the discussion? the same time an odd number
How important is the can occur, so it is not mutually
study of the concept of exclusive.
mutually exclusive
events in real life? There are events that really
can’t happen at the same
time. Knowing and There are times when it is very
understanding the concept of important to determine if two
g. The concept of mutual mutually exclusive events may events are mutually exclusive or
exclusivity is often help us in our decision making. not. Knowing whether two
applied in capital events are mutually exclusive
budgeting. Companies influences the calculation of the
may have to choose probability that one or the other
between multiple occurs.
projects that will add
value to the company
upon completion. Some
of these projects are
mutually exclusive. For
example, assume a
company has a budget
of Php150,000 for
expansion projects. If
available Projects A and
B each cost Php100,000
and Project C costs only
Php50,000, then
Projects A and B are
mutually exclusive. If the
company pursues A, it
cannot also afford to
pursue B and vice versa.
So, the company must
 choose which project is
beneficial.

D. Valuing

As what we have learned

about mutually exclusive
events, the concept behind it
tells us that in life, there are
times that we can’t have
everything that we desire in
just one shot. We dream of
becoming rich, successful,
healthy, happy, and have all
the good things life can offer.
But remember, if you think
you have done everything but
still can’t achieve all of them
at the same time, never lose
hope. We have learned in our
lesson that there are really
things that can’t be done
simultaneously. Just keep on
going, be patient and take
just one step at a time.

E. Application
Solve the problem:

1. At the start of the flu

season, Dr. Edmundo L.
Janeo, the Municipal
Health Office’s resident
doctor, examines 30
patients. Twelve have a 18 3
P(cold or fever) = = =
headache, 7 have a fever, 30 5
11 have a cold. What is 60% P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)
the probability that a
random patient examined P(cold or fever) = P(cold) +
first has a cold or a fever? P(fever)
11 7
P(cold or fever) = +
What can you say about 30 30
the chance of Dr. Janeo 18 3
examining a patient with P(cold or fever) = = = 0.60
30 5
a cold or a fever? = 60%

It will likely happen.

V. Evaluation

A card is drawn from a standard deck of cards. Events E1, E2, E3, E4 and E5 are defined as follows:
E1: Getting an 8
E2: Getting a king
E3: Getting a face card
E4: Getting an ace
E5: Getting a heart
1. Are events E1 and E2 mutually exclusive?
2. Are events E2 and E3 mutually exclusive?
3. Are events E3 and E4 mutually exclusive?
4. Are events E4 and E5 mutually exclusive?
5. Are events E5 and E1 mutually exclusive?
6. Are events E4 and E2 mutually exclusive?
7. What is the probability of drawing a face card or a non-face card?
8. What is the probability of getting a red card or a club?

VI. Assignment
Study how to solve the probability of not mutually exclusive events. You may read and study from your
Learners Module, pages 292 – 293.

ACTIVITY SHEET

Use your knowledge on solving for the Probability of Events to answer the
following problems.
1. A card is drawn at random from a pack of 52 playing cards. What is the
probability of drawing a King or a Queen?

2. A box contains 2 red, 4 green, 5 blue and 3 yellow marbles. If a single

random marble is chosen from the box, what is the probability that it is a
blue or a green marble?

Note: If Events A and B cannot occur at the same time then the probability that
either A or B occurs is the sum of their probabilities.