Week 8

Probability of Mutually
Exclusive Events
and
Not Mutually Exclusive
Events
Mutually Exclusive Events
- Events that do not have the
same elements
- Events that can’t happen at
the same time

B
Not Mutually Exclusive Events
-Events that have outcomes in
common.
Example:

MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE EVENTS NOT MUTUALLY ECXLUSIVE EVENTS

Example:
1.Getting a 3 or getting a 2 in rolling a
die.

2. Getting a red card and a black card in

a standard deck of cards
Example No. 2

Getting a red card and a black card in a

standard deck of cards.
Formula:

The probability of two

mutually exclusive events is
found by adding the probability
of each event.
P( A or B ) = P ( A ) + P ( B)
Examples
2. A rectangular box contains balls numbered {1,
2, 3, … , 18, 19, 20}. If a ball is randomly drawn
from a box,
a. what is the probability that it is 3 or 15?
 Solution:

1, 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,…20
P( A or B) = P( A ) + P( B)
P( 3 or 15 ) = P( 3 ) + P( 15)
= 1/20+ 1/20
P(3 or 15) = 2/20 or 1/10
A rectangular box contains balls numbered {1, 2, 3, … , 18, 19,
20}. If a ball is randomly drawn from a box, what is the probability
that it is a number divisible by 4 or a number divisible by 5?
 

Solution:
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20
No. divisible by 4 – ( 4,8,12,16,20)
No.divisible by 5 –( 5,10,15,20)
P ( A or B) = P( A) + P ( B ) – P ( A and B)
P(no. div.by 4 or no. div. by 5 ) = 5/20 + 4/20 – 1/20
= 8/20
P( no.div.by 4 or no.div.by 5 ) =2/5
Learning Task 1

Tell whether each of the following situations indicates mutually exclusive events or not mutually exclusive events. Write M for mutually exclusive and N for not mutually exclusive.
A box contains 26 balls labeled by each letter of the English alphabet. Assume that each ball is designated by a unique letter and a ball is drawn randomly from the box, what is the probability that it is
a) A or B?
b) E or a vowel?
c) P or a consonant?
d) O or a consonant?
e) a vowel or a consonant?
 LEARNING TASK 2
Consider the situation below and solve the following problems.


 
 A restaurant serves a bowl of candies to their customers. The bowl
of candies Gabriel receives has 10 chocolate candies, eight coffee candies,
and 12 caramel candies. After Gabriel chooses a candy, he eats it. Find the
probability of getting candies with the indicated flavors.
a. P(chocolate or coffee)

b. P(caramel or not coffee)

c. P(coffee or caramel)


d) P(chocolate or not caramel)


e) P(coffee or not chocolate)
Learning Task 3: PERFORMANCE TASK

A. Give 2 situations in your life

that involves events which are
mutually exclusive and not
mutually exclusive. Explain why
the events are mutually exclusive
and not mutually exclusive.
B.Explain the saying “The more
you hate, the more you love”.
Are love and hate mutually
exclusive events? If yes, why? If
not, why?