XMUM SFS FIS Chemistry II FIS3052

Name Abdullah Mohd Group: 09 Date: 16.05.2023; Grade ________

Partner(s): Jackson, jia chen

Practical 4: Titration of sodium hydroxide against hydrochloric acid

Report Sheet

Volume of HCl 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0
added (mL)

Temperature 30.8 33.8 36.1 38.1 38.3 36.6 35.4 34.7 33.9 33.3
(°C)
[5]
*Determine the concentration of the HCl used by showing your calculations on the graph
paper. Attach your graph together with your report sheet [3].

Conclusion: The concentration of HCL is 2.14 mol/dm^-3 that is added in titration.

[1]
Post-Lab Questions
1. Experimental results for hydrochloric acid are usually a little less negative than –57.6 kJ
mol-1. Suggest two reasons for this. [2]
There might be two possible reasons for little less negative value. Firstly, the reaction has
been occurred in a polystyrene cup which can’t preserve the heat that is produced by the
reaction as exothermic neutralization reaction. Besides, the lid isn’t good enough to prevent
the heat loss to the surrounding. As a result, it shows a lower value than the theoretical value.
Secondly, the reaction is a exothermic neutralization process that might not be achieving
complete reaction which can also affect the enthalpy value of a reaction. That means
incomplete reaction may give us lesser value than theoretical value.

2. The enthalpy change of neutralization for a very dilute strong acid (i.e. an acid which is
completely ionized in solution) reacting with a very dilute strong base is constant at –57.6
kJ mol-1, where mol-1 refers to one mole of water produced. Why is the value constant? [2]
The value is constant because the reaction between a very dilute strong acid and a very
dilute strong base is essentially just a reaction between hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions
to make water. The other ions present are just spectator ions, taking no part in the reaction.
Therefore, the enthalpy change of neutralization is always measured per mole of water
formed. For reactions involving strong acids and alkalies, the values are always very
closely similar, with values between -57 and -58 kJ mol-1.

3. From the maximum temperature rise, determine the quantity of energy released in the
titration. Assume that the specific heat capacity of the solutions is the same as that for
water,4.18 kJ kg-1 K-1 and that the heat capacity of the cup is zero. [2]