PRESENT PERFECT

It is one of the verb tenses of

the present in English. Its
correct use is necessary to
express experiences or
memories that occurred long
ago, but which are still
remembered or are important
today.
BASIC
We form the present perfect with the
present simple of the verb have + the
past participle of the main verb. For
example:
We have eaten already.
Form the past participle of regular verbs
by adding –ed to the infinitive. For
example:
I have studied all night.
STRUCTURES AND
CONJUGATION OF THE AFFIRMATIVE
STRUCTURE
PRESENT PERFECT SUBJECT AUXILIAR
VERB PARTICIPLE
COMPLEMENT TRANSLATION
STRUCTURES AND
CONJUGATION OF THE NEGATIVE STRUCTURE
PRESENT PERFECT
STRUCTURES AND
CONJUGATION OF THE INTERROGATIVE
STRUCTURE
PRESENT PERFECT
CONTRACTED FORM
 - To describe an action in the past that has an effect in the
USES present. Example:
They’ve painted the house.
He’s bought a new bike.
- With expressions indicating incomplete periods of time, for
example: this morning, this week, this month, this year,
today, recently, etc. Example:
I haven’t done anything this morning.
- To talk about an action that began in the past and has
not finished in the present. We use it with the prepositions
for and since. Example:
We’ve lived in St. Louis for five years.
Sam has worked in this shop since 2005.
I haven’t watched tv for a long time.
 - We use it with Have yo ever…..?. Example
USES Have you ever been to Philadelphia?
Have you ever eaten snails?

- We use it in the question How long have you……?.

Example:
How long have you worked here?
 WHAT ABOUT THE PAST PARTICIPLE OF THE VERB CAN?
2.- Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs of the main verb of the
1.- The verb can is a modal
sentence, which helps them to express situations of ability,
verb.
obligation, possibility, advice, etc.

3.- Never add the s to the third 4.- It has no infinitive, no future, no gerund; only
person singular. present (can – /kæn/) and past (could – /kʊd/).

5.- To build the future or the past 6.- In the same way, for the formation of compound and
participle, the combination to be continuous tenses, it will be necessary to use again to be
able to (ser capaz) is used. able to.

STRUCTURE:
SUBJECT + HAVE/HAS + PART PARTICIPLE BE ABLE (BEEN ABLE TO) + MAIN VERB +
COMPLEMENT
Example:
He has been able to write in English. (Él ha podido escribir en inglés)
I haven’t been able to buy it. (No he podido comprarlo)
 ADVERBS OF TIME
Some adverbs of time usually accompany the present perfect to emphasize the moment in
which the action happened. The main adverbs are:
 JUST
We use just with the present perfect to describe something that has happened at the moment
of speaking. As with adverbs of frequency, we put it before the main verb and after the auxiliary
verb. For example:
I have just finished my exam. (Apenas terminé mi examen)

YET
Use yet in interrrogative and negative sentences, and we put it at the end of the
sentence. For example:
Have you finished your composition yet?
No, I haven’t finished it yet.
The teacher has not corrected the homework yet.
 ALREADY
We use already in affirmative sentences. We put it before the main verb but after to be.
However use already with the present perfect to indicate that something happened before it
was expected. We put it at the end of the sentence to emphasize this. For example:
He has already washed the dishes. (Él ya lavó los platos).
We have cooked the turkey already.