EFFECTIVENESS OF RICE WATER AND BANANA PEELINGS AS A GERMINATING

FACTOR

A Science Investigatory Project Proposal

Cotabato City National High School – Rojas

Life Science

BARAZAR, SHARIFA ALYSSA M.

DILAWANGAN, JOHN CARL C.

KAISI, SHALANY M.

May 2023
 Abstract

In agriculture, growing plants healthily and quickly is a must on the industry, but

one of the most crucial part behind this is using organic products for a natural health. In

this study, the researchers used rice water and banana peelings as the main materials

to supply nutrients and help seeds germinate. This study is carried out to help the

agriculture community especially the plants growth.

To ensure the effectivity of our project, we had Papaya seeds as a sample and

had the sample done successfully by observing the seeds improvement.

In table 1, it shows the number of days for papaya seed to germinate as

enhanced by the treatments which are the product and the normal water. In table 2, it

shows the comparison of number of days for papaya seed to germinate between using

the product, rice water and banana peeling extract. Based on the results we had done,

the papaya seed took 12 days to germinate using the treatment A, 100% of product

and 0% of normal water while the treatment B, 50% of product and 50% of normal

water took only 11 days on our thorough observation. In addition, according to the

results of our investigation in comparison of product, rice water and banana peeling,

the papaya seed took only 12 days to germinate using the product compared to rice

water that took 15 days to germinate while the banana peeling took 17 days to

germinate. Therefore, we conclude Rice Water and Banana Peelings is an effective

germinating factor.

To sum up all the conducted experiment, the researchers conclude that Rice

Water and Banana Peelings is significantly effective as a germinating factor.

 Introduction

Background of the Study

The researchers will study the effectiveness of rice water and banana peelings

as a germinating factor.

The purpose of this study, according to the researchers, is to demonstrate the

viability of using banana peelings and rice water to produce plants like papaya seeds.

The antacid properties of banana peelings are also well-recognized. They are excellent

for cattle and can also be used as fertilizer.

The amount of fertilizer and minerals in rice water is adequate for plants.

According to the development of the papaya seed, the researchers will assess the

effectiveness of rice water and banana peelings as a germinating factor in comparison

to regular water.

The researchers opted to perform this study because rice water and banana

peelings are wastes that are easily obtained at home and are produced locally in the

country. Additionally, the researchers wish to support the agriculture industry,

particularly those plants that are growing.

Banana peels are good for gardens because they contain 42 percent potassium

(abbreviated to its scientific name K), one of the three major components of fertilizer

along with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and shown on fertilizer labels as NPK. In

fact, banana peels have the highest organic sources of potassium (Barbano, 2020).

Rice water has been continuously produced as a waste product in cooking rice.

Before the rice is served on the table, it undergoes several rinsing processes to remove

dirt and debris. Most importantly, remove the surface starch that causes the rice to
 clump together or get gummy as it cooks (Emily T, 2017). After cleansing the rice, the

starchy water is rice water (Burgess, 2018).

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of our experiment specifically it

seeks to answer the following questions:

1. Is rice water and banana peelings effective as a seed germinator?

2. How many weeks will the seed grow or sprout?

3. Which among the treatments is effective as a germinating factor?

Statement of Hypothesis

Null Hypothesis

There is no significant effect that the plant will germinate within just for 3- 5 days.

Alternative Hypothesis

There is a possibility that it will take two weeks long before the growth of papaya

seeds.

Objectives of the Study

The objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of rice water and

banana peelings as a germinating factor, as well as to ascertain if papaya seeds will

grow when supported by rice water and banana peelings and to define the

effectiveness of growing plants.

Scope and Limitations

In this study, the researchers will examine the effectiveness of rice water and

banana peelings as a germinating factor compare to normal water. The effectiveness of

rice water and banana peelings will depend on the seed growth. This study is limited

only to rice water and banana peelings as the major ingredients.

Definition of Terms

Banana peel - is the exterior skin of a banana, which can all be peeled off to reveal the

inside flesh of the fruit. Numerous minerals, including potassium (K), phosphorus (P),

magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca), which are essential for healthy plant growth, can

be found in banana peels. When the banana peels are soaked, the nutrients can leak

into the water, where they are then absorbed by the soil's roots.

Rice water - a starchy liquid that remains after the rice is cooked or after it has soaked.

Plants can be watered with rice water because it has enough nitrogen (N), phosphorus

(P), potassium (K), and minerals for plants to use effectively while fostering a healthy

bacterial community.

Product – it is the mixture of Rice Water and Banana Peelings.

 Review of Related Literature

This chapter presents a review of the literature and studies considered relevant

in the present investigation of the effect of the rice water and banana peeling on the

germination performance of papaya seed. These pieces of information are taken from

books and journal articles that examine the components and utilization of rice water

and banana peeling, where it mainly focuses on its effects as a germinating factor,

watering agent, and other related studies. These readings are beneficial in

strengthening the analysis and interpretation of the study.

GERMINATION

Germination is the process by which an organism grows from a seed or spore.

The quote refers to the sprouting of a seedling from an angiosperm or gymnosperm

seed, the growth of a sporeling from a spore, such as the spores of fungi, ferns, and

bacteria, and the development of a pollen tube from a pollen grain of a seed plant.

(Wikipedia, 2022)

Seed germination depends on both internal and external conditions. The most

important external factors include right temperature, water, oxygen or air and

sometimes light or darkness. Various plants require different variables for successful

seed germination. Often this depends on the individual seed variety and is closely

linked to the ecological conditions of a plant's natural habitat. For some seeds, their

future germination response is affected by environmental conditions during seed

formation; most often these responses are types of seed dormancy.

RICE WATER

Rice water is a starch suspension made from boiled rice that has been drained or

that has been cooked until it has dissolved entirely in the water. It can be used as a

mild gruel for people who are ill. It works particularly well to treat diarrhea caused by

cholera or gastroenteritis. The primary source of energy for the human population is

rice (Oryza sativa), a complex carbohydrate. Depending on the strain, rice may contain

nutrients such as fiber, protein, vitamin B, iron, and manganese, all of which are

essential for preventing malnutrition.

Rice water is essentially the liquid that is used to wash rice before it is cooked. It

contains a lot of nutrients that were removed from the rice during washing, and if we

just throw it away, all of these nutrients will be wasted. Rice water is a suspension of

starch made from rice that has been boiled until it completely dissolves in water or after

the rice has been drained. This could be served to invalids as a weak gruel.

LOCAL STUDY

Rice water can be used to water succulents while also providing essential

nutrients. Because succulents demand more dry aerated soil, the rice water should be

thinned so that it may be administered as a spray. During their normal watering

regimen, succulents can be misted with a rice water solution. Succulents require only a

little amount of water and nutrients at any given moment. Misting succulents with rice

water ensures that they receive the benefits of rice water without becoming

overwatered and producing difficulties connected with overwatered soil.

 Rice water can also be used to water plants at the bottom. Bottom watering

allows rice water to be absorbed thoroughly into the soil without overwatering it. This

allows the entire mass of plant roots to get the nutrients provided by the rice water.

According to studies, rice water is superior to tap water and speeds up plant

growth significantly. (Balconygardenweb, 2021)

FOREIGN STUDY

Rice water contains carbohydrates as well as essential elements. The starches in

rice water also offer the plant with carbohydrates that may be stored in the plant's cell

membrane until they can be used for energy, while also supporting the growth of

beneficial bacteria such as lactobacilli and mycorrhizae that are already present in the

soil.

Furthermore, rice water can be utilized as fertilizer to boost plant development

and crop yield. It has an adequate supply of NPK fertilizers, which are the three

fundamental nutrients that all plants require and are represented by the letters nitrogen

(N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). After boiling the rice, the water is strained, and

this water is better for plants since it has more nutrients than rice water that has merely

been washed. This is due to the fact that more nutrients from the rice seep into the

water when it is heated by boiling.

Rice water on plants is an environmentally beneficial fertilizer for plants that

allows us to repurpose kitchen trash. Furthermore, rice water reduces fertilizer costs,

encourages a healthy bacteria population in the soil, and is an organic insect

management strategy. Finally, rice water promotes plant development and increases

crop yield. (Zhalimar A. Jakaria-Patulada, 2021).

 Numerous research findings demonstrate how rice water affects plant growth.

According to Andrianto (2007), rice-washing water can encourage the growth of

Adenium plant roots. According to Sembiring (2016), giving sweet potato plants access

to rice water enhances their growth. According to Wulandari (2011), watering lettuce

plants with rice water promotes their germination. The height and quantity of leaves of

mustard green plants are significantly impacted by the availability of rice water.

(Hairudin, 2015) The rise in plant height and the number of leaves on celery plants,

according to Istiqomah (2010), are both greatly influenced by brown rice water. The

results of Baning, et al (2016) showed that red rice water with various concentrations

significantly affected the vegetative growth of pepper plants including the number of

leaves, wet weight, and dry weight. Watering brown rice water increases the number of

leaves, wet weight, and dry weight. This shows that the element N content in rice water

plays a role in increasing the growth of tomato plants.

BANANA PEEL

The exterior layer that protects the banana fruit is referred to as a peel in British

English. Animals consume banana peels as food, they are used in cooking, to purify

water, to make a variety of biochemical products, as well as in practical jokes and

comedic situations.

Banana peels are occasionally used as fodder for cattle, goats, pigs, monkeys,

chickens, rabbits, fish, zebras, and other species, typically on small farms in banana-

growing regions. Concerns have been raised about the effect of tannins found in peels

on animals that consume them. (Happi Emaga, 2011)

The nutritional value of banana peel varies according to maturation stage and

cultivar; for example, plantain peels have less fiber than dessert banana peels, and
lignin content increases with ripening (from 7 to 15% dry matter). Banana peels contain

6-9% dry matter protein and 20-30% fiber on average (measured as NDF). Green

plantain peels contain 40% starch, which is converted into sugars when ripe. Green

banana peels have less starch (approximately 15%) than plantain peels, however ripe

banana peels have up to 30% free sugars. Banana peels are also used to purify water,

make ethanol, cellulase, laccase, as a fertilizer, and in composting.

The banana peel, which has been considered as rubbish and smelly, apparently

contains many chemical elements or compounds that are beneficial to plants.

Research conducted by Tuapttinaya et al. [12] showed that the application of 200

ml/liter liquid fertilizer from banana peel waste had a significant effect on plant height,

fresh tuber weight, tuber diameter, and dry weight onion bulbs. This part of banana has

a lot of benefits because liquid fertilizer from banana peel waste has more potassium

content than the other elements. So, it provides influence on the lower plant organs

(tubers). Banana peels contain 15% potassium and 2% higher content of phosphorus

than the one in the banana flesh. Besides containing P and K, banana peels also

contain elements of magnesium, sulfur, and sodium.

LOCAL STUDY

Banana peels are employed as a germination element because they include

three macronutrients, namely Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium, as well as several

micronutrients, stimulate the growth of garden plants from seed germination to blooms

and fruits. Banana peels contain nutrients that assist plants resist illness. Ash can be

used to grow garden plants. Ash is mostly composed of calcium, iron, magnesium,

aluminum, potassium, sodium, silicone, and titanium. Insam et al. (2009) discovered

that ashes had a progressive effect on soil texture, aeration, water retention capacity,
and cation exchange capacity. It has a high alkaline content and can be used to raise

the pH of soil.
 Methodology

Methods of Research and Sources of Data

This chapter covers the methods, materials, and procedures in conducting this

study, including the following conceptual framework, research design instrument,

flowchart of the procedure and the plan for data analysis.

Materials

 Rice water

 Banana peelings

 Normal water

 Papaya seed

 Topsoil

 Pot

 Spray bottle

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

 Rice water Germination of papaya

 Banana peeling seeds

extract

 Water
RESEARCH DESIGN

This study will use a true-experimental approach to measure the efficacy of rice

water and banana peel extract as a germinating factor on papaya seed.

Research Instrument

The researchers will use controlled observations as a research instrument to

gather data and make inferences on rice water and banana peeling’s effectivity as a

germinating factor.

FLOWCHART OF THE PROCEDURE

Prepare the rice, banana and papaya.

Rinse rice with water and get the rice water waste.

Peel off the banana and separate its skin, then grind the peels and extract it.

Slice papaya in two and separate the seeds.

Prepare the seedling pots and place topsoil on it, then plant 3 papaya seeds each.

Put the water and product on 3 spray bottles with its assigned amount.
PLAN FOR DATA ANALYSIS

To analyze the data collected and test the null hypothesis, the researchers will

use ANOVA.
 Results and Discussion

Table 1

The table presents the number of days for the papaya seeds to germinate as

enhanced by the treatments.

TREATMENT TRIAL

1st Trial 2nd Trial 3rd Trial

Treatment A
100 % Product 14 Days 12 Days 12 Days
0% H2O
Treatment B
50 % Product 14 Days 10 Days 11 Days
50% H2O
Treatment C
100% H2O 15 Days 15 Days 13 Days
0% Product

The findings indicate that on Trial 1 the Treatment A (100% Product/0% H 2O)

and Treatment B (50% Product & 50% H2O) germinate faster than the Treatment C

(100% H2O/0% Product). While the Trial 2 shows that Treatment B (50% Product &

50% H2O) is the fastest to germinate papaya seed, followed by Treatment A (100%

Product/0% H2O) and Treatment C (100% H2O/0% Product). Furthermore, Trial 3

appears that Treatment B (50% Product & 50% H2O) took 1 day longer than in Trial 2

and constantly ahead of Treatment A (100% Product/0% H2O) and Treatment B (100%

H2O/0% Product).
 Table 2

TREATMENT TRIAL
T h e r e s u l t s p r e s

1st Trial 2nd Trial 3rd Trial

PRODUCT 14 Days 12 Days 12 Days

RICE WATER 16 Days 15 Days 15 Days

BANANA PEELINGS 17 Days 16 Days 18 Days

Treatment A (Product), on the other hand the Rice Water needed 15 days to germinate the

papaya seed and 18 days for Banana Peeling.

Statistical Treatment
 Table 1

ANOVA
score
Sum of df Mean Square F Sig.
Squares
Between Groups 10.889 2 5.444 2.333 .178
Within Groups 14.000 6 2.333
Total 24.889 8

Table 1 shows that the variance of concentration, 100% Product, 0% H20, 100%

H20, 0% Product, 50% Product, 50% H2O are insignificant, which gives the idea that the

variance unnecessarily effect the germination capacity.

Table 2

ANOVA
score
Sum of df Mean Square F Sig.
Squares
Between Groups 28.667 2 14.333 16.125 .004
Within Groups 5.333 6 .889
Total 34.000 8

The statistical analysis (ANOVA) states that there is significance in the variances

between mixed rice water and banana peelings with that of the product being separated.

Meaning that its efficacy as germination factor is enhanced when it is mixed.

 Conclusion and Recommendation

Conclusion

After we finished our study, we conclude that our study is successfully done as

what we had observed that Rice Water and Banana Peelings was really appropriate

and it was proven as presented on the results and discussion. Furthermore, the study

also has significant effect to the papaya seeds germination and it also enhances to

decrease the number of days for the seeds to germinate.

Recommendation

As researchers conducted this study “Effectiveness of Rice Water and Banana

Peelings as a Germinating Factor", they were able to prove that the product is effective

and indeed, enhanced germination. We the researchers recommend that a deeper

study on the product effectivity on plant growth should be conducted to determine if the

product still has the effect on the plant growth and development.
 References

Is Rice Good for You? TaePark, 2020

www.chhs.colostate.edu/krnc/monthly-blog/isricegoodforyou/#:~:text=Rice%20is%20a
%20rich%20source,%2C%20magnesium%2C%20and%20B%20vitamins

Banana peels are good for gardens PaulBarbano, 2020

https://www.capegazette.com/article/banana-peels-are-good-gardens/202889waterat

Wikipedia's sister projects
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water

10 Ways To Use Banana Peels In Your Garden As Fertilizer Maat Van Uitert, 2015
https://thefrugalchicken.com/10-ways-to-use-banana-peels-in-garden/2015

Germination, Wikipedia, 2022

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germination