Reproduction in plants

QUESTION AND ANSWERS

1. Explain the difference between self-pollination and cross pollination.
Ans:
Self-pollination Cross pollination

Occurs in bisexual plants having anther and Occurs in bisexual and unisexual plant having
stigma maturing at the same plant. anther and stigma maturing at different plant.
It takes place in plants like Pea, Wheat It takes place in plants like tomato, lady finger

2. Describe the various ways by which seeds are dispersed.

Ans: Following are the ways in which the seeds are dispersed.
a. Some light seeds like madar, which are hairy, dry and small are carried away by the wind to
different places.
b. Spiny seeds and fruits like that of Xanthium and Urena, stick to the clothes of passersby and
animals.These seeds are carried away by these agents to different places.
c. In some plants having heavy seeds like that of coconut, water acts as the dispersing agents.
d. Some seeds are dispersed with the fruit burst like in case of Balsam and Castor.

3. Collect some flower of different plants like papaya, rose, mustard, lady finger, Petunia, cucumber,
corn, pea, etc. Group them under following heads.
(a) Which of these plants have unisexual flowers?
(b) Which of these plants have bisexual flower?
(c) What is the other name of unisexual and bisexual flower?
Ans. (a) Unisexual flowers are papaya, cucumber, corn.
(b) Bisexual flowers are rose, mustard, lady finger, Petunia, pea.
(c) Unisexual flowers are also called as incomplete flower while bisexual flowers are called hermaphrodite
or complete flowers.

4. How do the plants like sugarcane, potato and rose reproduce when they cannot produce seeds?
Ans: Sugarcane and rose are propagated by stem cutting that is a method of vegetative
propagation, inwhich stem is capable of growing into a mature independent plants that are
identical to their parents.
5. Mention the benefits of seed dispersal.
Ans. Benefits of Seed Dispersal are:
 Seed dispersal avoids overcrowding of young plants around their parent plants.
 It helps in preventing competition between the plants and its own seedlings for sunlight, water and
minerals.
 One of the benefits of seed dispersal is that it enables the plant to grow into new habitats for wider
distribution and provides them with better chance of survival.

6. Why is vegetative propagation a preferred method of asexual reproduction?

Ans. The following advantages of vegetative reproduction makes it a preferred method
 It takes less time to grow and bear flower and fruits than those produced from seeds.
 The new plants are the exact copies of parent plant because they are produced from a single parent.
7. How does male gamete present in pollen grain reaches female gamete present in ovule?
Ans: After pollination, the pollen grains fall on the surface of stigma and germinate to form a long tube,
reaching the ovules inside the ovary, the egg or female gamete is present in the ovule.
The outer surface of pollen grains rupture and male gametes are released to fuse with egg.

Draw neat labeled diagrams of the following >

1. Typical ( bisexual) flower.

2. Germination of pollen grain and fertilisation