Introduction

Poverty and unemployment are pushing our country into the swamp of illiteracy.

Slow economic growth coupled with government’s lavish spending is pushing Pakistan
deeper and deeper into debt trap

Corruption thus seeped into Pakistan society surreptitiously

( ‫کرچھپچھپا‬-)spreading its tentacles everywhere.

It has spread like a cancer in the entire society, with

devastating fallout(the adverse results of a situation or
action) for society as well as the country.

Causes

Good
India has been ramping up its diplomatic ties with the world

Bad
 Afghan forces battling a Taliban insurgency that has blighted the
country since the 2001
 Uri attack has put the peace process on the back burner
 For the past one year at least, a series of economic crises have been roiling the
global economy to which we in Pakistan have been little more than spectators.
  The CII is among several elements of a regressive legacy that continue to
bedevil Pakistan. 
 SATURDAY`S massive earthquake has left the Himalayan nation of Nepal in
total disarray
 Those staggering losses, however, do not tell the full story 
 candidates of the ruling party won with the connivance of local administration
 . The folly(foolishness) of the move is simply appalling.

 wITH the country embroiled in a seemingly never-ending political

crisis, there are many who fear that the dark clouds will never lift.


Failure
On the heels of(following closely after.) the failure of the much-hyped Nandipur power project, a
new mess has surfaced with regard to the running of distribution (Discos)

Competition
1. The regional adversaries have long vied for influence in the Middle East, Vie
compete eagerly with someone in order to do or achieve something."the athletes
were vying for a place in the British team"

Failed steps

 tHE government`s efforts to convince the MQM to return to parliament hit a

snag
 The protests fizzled out and Qadri left Pakistan for medical
treatment.

Types
 There are a variety of threats Pakistan`s heritage sites face, most
notably encroachments, deterioration and relic hunters.
 Our country today is bedevilled with militancy of every conceivable
denomination

 given the multiple number of parties, it was unlikely that anyone would secure
 While patriots of all stripes remind us of our `achievement` every year, this time the
`celebrations` were ratcheted up a notch following the PML-N`s election victory.


Challenges
 Foreign exchange reserves have tumbled(tumble  ‫)ہوجاناپوٹلوٹ‬,industry is stagnating,
foreign investment is shy and Pakistani entrepreneurs are investing abroad

 Organised crime of any variant, including such heinous child abuse
and pornography, cannot function without the complicity of state
institutions. 
 He can either build on that or regress(return to a former or less developed state.) to the
PNA mode:
 Speculations are rife(widespread, general, common,) in the country about an impending
political change, as PTI’s long march draws closer.
 Is there a way out still from this vortex(a whirling mass of fluid or air, especially a
whirlpool or whirlwind) of religious and ethnic divisions, and the resultant violence?
 In these circumstances, designing a dialogue strategy that both sides can commit to
becomes exceedingly difficult.
  we do not have a coherent strategy to counter the grave challenges to our security

 The violence has rekindled old wounds from a 30-year-old conflict and unleashed a wave
of anger towards the pro-Kurdish opposition,
 Pakistan is deeply disappointed by such allegations because
they serve to vitiate the positive environment created between
the two countries through constructive efforts over the past
months,"
 This is an appalling state of affairs, particularly for a government that prides
itself on being business-friendly
 Notwithstanding the positivity in the relationship being expressed by both sides, some
key thorny issues remain.


Time:
1. Years later
2. Four years later,
3. Fifty years on, the militant enemy continues to inflict losses on the armed forces
4. Over the last few months
5. MrKarzai, for whom the clock is winding down(to start running or operating slower)
rapidly with presidential elections slated(Criticize severely) for a year from now.
6. the time bomb is ticking away.
7. the far right took the lead in election earlier this year,
8. Never before, however, has the state tried to formally substantiate its allegations
9. Rarely has a country called upon its soldiers to sacrifice so much and so often. 
10. THROUGHOUT the summer, the headlines have reflected the heartwrenching reality of
Europe`s worsening refugee crisis
11. The tragic loss of life in Daska was the unavoidable culmination of smaller
confrontations between the police and the lawyers over the last many years.
12.  Fifty years ago, Pakistan and India fought a second war
13. Of particular concern have been Balochistan over the last decade, Fata and Khyber
Pakthunkhwa for several years now, and Karachi for at least a couple of decades
 14. . After nearly a week of back-to-back news
1. the petulant reaction of the Indian government to Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif`s four
points suggests that
15. bilateral tensions are unlikely to subside or dissipate anytime soon
16.As time goes on, more and more states are getting involved in the Syrian tragedy
unfolding before our eyes. Into this maelstrom of conflicting interests and
ambitions, enter Russia with its own agenda of propping up the Assad
government. 
17.MsMazari said her party had given the government ample time to redress
their grievances.
18. Over the years, a number of factors have fed into an anti-Muslim prejudice and
perceptions.
19. immediately pay up extortion money or face dire consequences.
20. Analysts predict grave consequences for the region if Taliban infighting continues
for too long
21.

Resolve
22. The exemplary unity demonstrated by the political and military
leadership in curbing terrorism is yet another splendid chapter of our
national history.
23.Slick: done or operating in an impressively smooth and efficient way. "Rangers
have been entertaining crowds with a slick passing game"
24.
Saddening
25.Yet no one expected that the talks would die in such an atmosphere of
acrimony, amidst an exchange of barbs.

Solutions
 ` European states are gearing up for military action to keep out the desperate
people on their doorsteps
 While zero violence unhappily appears out of reach, the state still
has a formidable capacity to take on violent elements when the
state is focused, committed and crystal clear about what needs to
be done and why.
 Still, there are some creases( ‫سلوٹ‬ ) that have yet to be ironed out when it
comes to the presidency.

 Today there is a trade imbalance and it behooves(behoove It is a
duty or responsibility for someone to do something) us to fix it
 THE nostrum( quack remedy, potion, elixir, panacea, cure-all) that the government should
not be engaged in commercial activities like running PIA, Steel Mills, banks, etc is now generally
accepted, 

 to discuss viable options to prop up investment
 she began to mull over the various possibilities"
  Although he has still not completely lost the battle, the situation is fast slipping out of
Mr Sharif’s control, leaving him with limited options to salvage the situation.
 Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif called on Monday for gearing up efforts to generate
low-cost energy in order to make it affordable for people.
  SolutionTime is ripe, effective and implementable strategies must be
formulated to come out of these crises. Education must be made the top
priority
 Unfortunately, the political bosses find this a nifty(Particularly good, skillful, or
effective) way to divert attention from their own incompetence
 on the other no one has Aladdin`s lamp from which a genie will emerge and resolve all
the issues.

 The prime minister vowed to eliminate all bottlenecks(A point of congestion

or blockage, in particular) in the way of investment in the energy sector

 He said the government was cognizant(aware) of the people`s sufferings and was taking
all possible measures to address them

 It is incumbent(Binding) upon the leadership of both sides not to

allow the situation to drift and to take steps to improve the
atmosphere by engaging constructively with a view to building
trust and confidence,



Prospects
1. `Whether you like it or not, the] issue has very much landed in the country;
the sooner we resolve, the better it will be for the country,`
2. . Yet in such an atmosphere of gloom there were a few bright spots. These
included the fact that the provinces were active in the lawmaking sphere while
the number of missing persons in Balochistan was down, but only slightly. Also
welcome was the broad national consensus to tackle militancy that developed
in the aftermath of the Peshawar tragedy. But the shape this consensus took
the formation of military courts, the resumption of capital punishment points
to a preference for short-term, populist solutions rather than a desire to
address the systemic, societal problems that feed militancy and terrorism.
Moreover, such solutions have given the state, especially the security
establishment, sweeping powers that stray perilously close to trampling on
 basic rights. perhaps the root cause of Pakistan`s dismal human rights
situation is the state`s lack of ability to implement existing laws, as well as the
failure of the criminal justice system. The report says that by the end of 2014,
there were nearly two million cases pending in the country`s courts.
3. We will not let anyone to disturb the conducive atmosphere.
4. “All politicians, barring a few without any future, are united and unanimous not to let the
system, the government, parliament and democracy derail.”

"On the contrary, a peaceful election and a smooth democratic

transition would advance our interest in having a stable

Financial
He said that embezzlement of funds would not be tolerated and stressed the need for using the
money for sustainable development

1. The government is scrambling to meet the rising demand for polio vaccine
2.
3. In a recent statement, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), however, warned that
macroeconomic imbalances and longstanding structural impediments to growth had
prevented full realisation of Pakistan’s potential. The IMF also noted that Pakistan’s
“fiscal deficit has widened, driven by weak tax collections, energy sector subsidies, and
increased provincial government spending” The finance minister, however, depicted a
rosier picture of the economy but acknowledged that the sit-ins led by PTI and PAT had
hampered the government’s efforts to accelerate economic revival.
4. In overall terms, the investment environment has steadily worsened over the past few
years.
1. The estimates of price inflation for June have already been nudged up by just under 1pc in view
of the spike in food costs
1. POOR already struggling with higher prices should brace themselves for a fresh wave of inflation
2. He regretted that despite being the most important project, previous governments had delayed
its execution. As a result, its cost has swollen to Rs275 billion five times the original estimate
Reference
1. Alluding(Mention without discussing at length) to the disastrous intelligence failure in the runup
to the 2003 US invasion of Iraq,

2. Extrapolating(estimate or conclude (something) by extrapolating.) from this, it can be

said that Gen Sharif would prefer a politically neutral officer. 

3.

Power Sapping
1. Legg Mason Inc. is concerned the nation`s leaders will be hamstrung(hamstring Severely
restrict the efficiency or effectiveness of ) by compromises needed to stay in power.

2. Allaying(Diminish or put at rest (fear, suspicion, or worry)) international concerns is in

our interest

3.