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The transmission of electric power from power plants to homes makes use of transformers
at various stages. In its simplest form the AC transformer consists of two coils of wire
wound around a core of soft iron, as shown in the figure below.

By Faraday’s law, a voltage is generated across the secondary only when there is a change
in the number of flux lines passing through the secondary. So it must be:

It may seem that a transformer is a device in which it is possible to get something for
nothing. That is not the case, however, because the power input to the primary equals the
power output at the secondary:

Although the voltage at the secondary may be, say, ten times greater than the voltage at the
primary, the current in the secondary will be smaller than the primary’s current by a factor
of ten.