Pedal Powered Light Bulb

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

CHAPTER 1

Introduction

The pedal operated power generator utilizes human energy to produce electricity quickly and
efficiently. Using human powered generation gives a power source that is not directly derived from
natural sources. An example is that a human powered generator can be operated if there is no sun for
solar generation, no wind for wind generation, and no water for hydro generation. The power generated
from pedal is perfect for remote areas, hilly regions, strategic location, Islands etc., where electricity
generation is scanty if not nil. In these situations, a small portable power generating unit would be of
great help to provide power supply to charge battery-operated gadgets like mobile phones, lamps, radio,
communication devices, etc. It is important to visualize new ways to bring power to the people as
population continues to grow and power shortages continue to occur. Much of the power that is
provided to people today is done in very un-sustainable ways; new ideas are needed to transit into a
post cheap-petroleum era. This design relates to very compact and easily portable power-generating
unit, which besides being used as a power generator can also be used as cycle exerciser. It serves dual
purpose of power generation and helping the person to maintain physical fitness through exercise of
muscles of legs. It can be pedaled or cranked by hand/foot to charge 12 volt batteries.

Conceptual Framework

Figure 1

Input

 CD disc

 Dc motor

 Rubber band

 LED light

 A prototype of bicycle generator

Process
Collection of materials in conducting a prototype of a bicycle generator

Output

A prototype of bicycle generator

Statement Of the Problem

This study was conducted to find an alternative source of electricity during power outage. Specifically, it
sought to answer the following questions:

1. What is the experience of the users in this generator, how can you rate your experience in terms of;

a. Reliability

b. Usability

c. Creativity

2. What are the effects of Pedal Type Generator in terms of;

a. Brightness of LED lights

b. Safety of the device

c. Benefits to the users

Hypothesis

There is no significant difference between cycling generator and solar energy generator.

Significance of the study

This will help people that has power shortage history at their locals to have light despite of occurring
power shortages. As for the other part, students in the future generation can use this as references.

Scope and Limitations

The study focused on developing a pedal generator. This generator let the users (the given
respondent) to learn more about the information that is related to the pedal generator. The researchers
selected thirty (30) families in Luisiana, Laguna to test the generator. The result gathered affected on
how this study goes in the future.

Definition of Terms

Bicycle.

 A vehicle composed of two wheels held in a frame one behind the other, propelled by pedals and
steered with handlebars attached to the front wheel.

Bulb.

 A glass housing in which a partial vacuum has been established, that contains the filament of an
incandescent lamp.

Circuit.

 A roughly circular line, route, or movement that starts and finishes at the same place.

Electric Circuit.

 A path in which electrons from a voltage or current source flow. The point where those electrons enter
an

electrical circuit

 is called the "source" of electrons. The point where the electrons leave an

electrical circuit

 is called the "return" or "earth ground".

Electrical Wire.

 Usually, pliable metallic strand or rod made in many length and diameters, sometimes clad and often
electrically insulated, used chiefly for structural supporter to conduct electricity.

Generator.

 A machine that converts one form of energy into another, especially mechanical energy into electrical
energy, as a dynamo, or electrical energy into sound, as an acoustic generator. 

Regulator 

. A device for maintaining a designated voltage or current, at a predetermined value, or for varying it
according to a predetermined plan
 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Related Literature

Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES Related Literature

In physics, power is defined as the rate or doing work. Work, in physics is done only when a
force is applied to a body and moves it. Work is the product of the force and displacement resulting from
application of force, (Silverio, 2013). Law on conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created
nor destroyed but can be transformed from one form to another. According to Katoch (2012), humans
can generate approximately 150W of power while riding bicycle. If this energy will be used it would be
able to power many electronic devices. Nowadays, it is known that many of people who go to the gym
uses stationary bike as a means for losing weight. Also, there are quite a number of people here in the
Philippines that uses bicycle as a mode of transportation. That is why generating power from the energy
we released can make quite a difference to the world instead of continuing wasting our limited
resources. Power generated by pedaling can be converted from mechanical to electrical energy by using
either dynamo or alternator. Small, powered lighting devices can be charged using dynamo and can be
used in the night by students for study purposes. This principle can be extended to power mobiles,
iPods, laptops etc.

Power can be also generated from the rotation of the wheels of alternator vehicles like bikes
and cars, where there is a possibility of generating more power. The generated power can be either used
in the same vehicle or can be stored in a battery for powering some other devices. Riding bicycle helps in
maintaining a good physic and along with it power can be also generated (Katoch, 2012). The rotational
energy that is generated when the tire rotates because of the application of force on the pedals can be
used in two ways. This energy can also be used in dynamo/alternator, which is then converted to
electrical energy. Rotational energy of the tire can be used to pump water out from the well, to drive a
washing machine, to operate blender/grinder etc. These applications can be of very great use in un-
electrified places. Refrigerators can also be powered by pedaling, which are used to preserve the food
during a bicycle trip. Pedal powered pump can pump water from wells and bore wells, which are very
deep and can be used for irrigation and drinking water purposes. In pedal powered washing machine,
the plastic barrel rotates as we pedal. Thus, water consumption can be also reduced. Using exercise bikes
also power can be generated. Particularly for people living in cities, it is an added advantage that no
separate time is needed and along with exercise, our effort will not go waste (Koch, 2012,). Diversifying
energy carriers for the production fuels, electricity, and heat; enhancing energy security; and reducing
the long-run price of fuels from conventional sources. Reducing pollution, environmental emissions, and
safety risks from conventional energy sources that damage human health, natural systems, crops, and
materials. Mitigating greenhouse gas emissions down to levels that can be sustained. Improving access
to clean energy sources and conversion technologies, thereby helping to meet the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs) while taking advantage of the local availability of renewables and Reducing
dependence on and minimizing spending on imported fuels (Turkenburg, 2011). In the above
enumerated examples of advantages that can be driven from renewable sources of energy, the
researchers can infer that the bottom line of it is that we can help solving environmental problems the
most, not to mention that by doing so, in the long run the one who will really benefit is the human
population. But while renewable sources are basically free and unlimited, it has its disadvantages. The
first disadvantage is the cost.  Although the energy from renewable sources is most often available for
free, renewable energy conversion technologies are often quite capital-intensive. (Turkenburg, 2011).
This can make renewable sources less attractive, especially when high discount rates are applied,
depending on the level of investments needed as well as governmental interventions. The market for
renewable sources are also few, thus, making it hard to market unlike nonrenewable sources. She also
stated that the defining equation of power is work done or force applied to the object multiplied by
displacement over time. For example, the power rating of a person refers to how fast chemical energy
can be transformed by the body into mechanical energy. Valdez (2006) also stated how the unit used for
power was derived. The total percentage of body weight that is fat ranges between 15 and 25 percent
for males and 25 to 35 percent for females. This amount of energy from fats that can be stored in the
body is 30 to 60 times that of the amount obtain from carbohydrates. Studies made on fat metabolism
and exercise show that during prolonged light to moderate exercise, there is a progressive increase in the
absolute amount of fat oxidized. This means that more energy from fat is released by the body. The
studies also showed that total fat combustion is at a maximum during moderately intense exercise and
becomes during very heavy exercise (Valdez, 2006).

Related Studies

The proponents primarily chose the topic because of the abundant resources around,
Resources are one of the most important factors to consider before conducting a research or study. The
proponents were able to found out that there are a lot of studies before that is related to the one
presented now. Facelli (2009) conducted a research on how to crank generators to produce electrical
energy. On that time, one of the major problems of U.S.A. was energy. He stated that there must be
another option than clean coal technology, and investment in renewable energy sources such as wind
and hydroelectric power. Wind, water and steam turbines generate energy using natural kinetic sources
to rotate drive shafts connected to electric generators. Even students could do pedaling while they are
studying and listening. Also, consider exercise facilities like treadmills stationary bikes could be
harnessing energy if equipped with a small generator. Maybe in no time they could build a portable
pedal-powered generator that can be easily installed in every desk. Starner (2009) a scientist in Georgia
Tech discovered that there are 390 megajoules of energy stored in the body fat of the average person
(the equivalent of 93, 150 calories about the amount in 283 jelly doughnuts). If only you could get that
energy out, and store it and distribute it batteries per se could be eliminated. That is when he started
making a research about this human-powered energy. He wants to come up with a prototype that can
convert all of our wasted energy into a renewable energy and stores it like a battery. Gulland (2008)
conducted a study about pedal-powered generator. He was just curious if he can turn his workouts in to
a useful energy. He found out that an efficient bike generator pedaled by a reasonably fit person can
produce by up to 100 watts of electricity. Also, an experienced biker can produce by up to 400 watts of
electricity. The pedal-powered generator cannot produce as much as a wind turbine or a photovoltaic
array it can create usable force that adds to the general vitality needs. On the off chance that one utilize
less power in the first place, the sum created by pedal force can meet a bigger percent of the energy
needs.
WEBSITE

https://www.google.com/url?
sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=0CAIQw7AJahcKEwjYrp6csc__AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAw
&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scribd.com%2Fdocument%2F306129655%2FThesis-Complete-
Revised&psig=AOvVaw2tAENyTUiEf8OwQjrjJ2w7&ust=1687262111857806&opi=89978449
 CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the design phases of a project and the hardware components of it. Those
that were included in this chapter helps in understanding how the machine work.

Research design

This study used an experimental research. The major instrument that is used in this study was
the questionnaire that is given to the respondents so that they can answer, the questionnaire with the
numerical rating scale.

Respondents of the study

 A certain dictionary defines quota sampling as a sampling method of gathering representative

data from a group. It requires representative individuals chosen out of a specific group. In this study,
quota sampling is used from gathering data where in twenty students (20) in grade 11 purity are chosen.

Sampling design

Sampling is a process used in statistical analysis in which a predetermined number of

observations are taken from a larger population depends on. The researcher used quota sampling to
minimize the respondents that will test the proposed machine. The respondents helped the researcher
gather relevant data from them.

Research instrument

We chose to have a set of questionnaires for the population that they have selected to tests our
generator. They chose twenty (20) students in Grade 11 Purity to test the generator and let them rate on
what they think about the generator and ask them about their opinion and suggestions which would be
related to the question that are given. Using those gathered information we can improve the generator
on what most people are compatible of or rather what they’ll think will be best for them to see or
experience.

Data gathering procedure

Before making the generator, testing and more data gathering are further required for the complete
success of the generator.
REFERENCES

https://www.google.com/url?
sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAIQw7AJahcKEwjI5tryt8__AhUAAAA
AHQAAAAAQAg&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scribd.com%2Fdocument%2F436141892%2FImprovised-
Pedal-Type-to-Light-the-Bulb&psig=AOvVaw2BTeYXbCSTEb1L-
KICpVpc&ust=1687261940043197&opi=89978449

https://www.google.com/url?
sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=0CAIQw7AJahcKEwjYrp6csc__AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAw
&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scribd.com%2Fdocument%2F306129655%2FThesis-Complete-
Revised&psig=AOvVaw2tAENyTUiEf8OwQjrjJ2w7&ust=1687262111857806&opi=89978449
 APPENDIX

FULL NAME:Enji D. Takeda

AGE:17

DATE OF BIRTH: January 12,2006

GENDER:Male

CIVIL STATUS:Single

NATIONALITY: Filipino

PERMANENT ADDRESS:Purok 6, Cabugo Claver Surigao Del Norte

ASA KA NAG JUNIOR HIGH:Claver National High School

ASA KA NAG ELEMENTARY:Cabugo Elementary school

MOBILE NUMBER:09163784319

EMAIL: enjitakeda30@gmail.com

Religion: Catholic

Mother:Leonilyn V. Dagasdas

Father:Seiji Takeda
FULL NAME: John Carl Gabayeron

AGE: 17

DATE OF BIRTH: May 31, 2006

GENDER:male

CIVIL STATUS: Single

NATIONALITY:

PERMANENT ADDRESS:P-3 Ladgaron, Claver, Surigao Del Norte

ASA KA NAG JUNIOR HIGH: Claver National High School

ASA KA NAG ELEMENTARY: Ladgaron Elementary School

MOBILE NUMBER:09954233950

EMAIL: jcacebes11@gmail.com

Religion: catholic

Mother: Emelyn G. Acebes

Father: Vicon I. Acebes

FULL NAME: Cristine L. Sajulga

AGE:17

DATE OF BIRTH: December 8 2005

GENDER: female

CIVIL STATUS: single

NATIONALITY:Filipino

PERMANENT ADDRESS:P-6 bagakay claver surigao del norte

ASA KA NAG JUNIOR HIGH:claver national high school

ASA KA NAG ELEMENTARY:ladgaron elementary school

MOBILE NUMBER:09510949900

EMAIL: cristinesajulga0805@gmail.com

Religion: catholic

Mother: Jocelyn L. Sajulga

Father: Floriano G. Sajulga

FULL NAME: Hanna Joy B. Napal

AGE: 17

DATE OF BIRTH: November 28,2005

GENDER: Female

CIVIL STATUS: Single

NATIONALITY: Chinese

PERMANENT ADDRESS:Bagakay,Claver,Surigao Del Norte

ASA KA NAG JUNIOR HIGH: Claver, National High School

ASA KA NAG ELEMENTARY:Claver Central Elementary School

MOBILE NUMBER: 09514590053

EMAIL: hannanapal975@gmail.com

Religion: Filipino

Mother: Carmela Mae B. Napal

Father: Eduardo B. Napal

FULL NAME: Gewyneth Lay S. Madalo

AGE:17

DATE OF BIRTH: April 17, 2006

GENDER: Female CIVIL STATUS: Single

NATIONALITY: Filipino

PERMANENT ADDRESS:P-3 Tayaga, Claver Surigao Del Norte

ASA KA NAG JUNIOR HIGH: Claver National High School

ASA KA NAG ELEMENTARY: Claver Central Elementary School

MOBILE NUMBER:09157260955

EMAIL: gewynethlay16madalo@gmail.com

Religion: Catholic

Mother: Loverny S. Madalo

Father: Almer A. Madalo

DATA ANALYSIS

This chapter deals with the presentation, analysis and interpretation of gathered to answer the sub
problem relative to the main problem of this study. Bicycle powered light bulbs could provide valuable
insights into the performance of different types of bulbs and bicycles, and help inform decisions about
which products to use to develop.

.
FULL NAME: Joshua S. Pagal

AGE:17

DATE OF BIRTH: May 15 2006

GENDER: male

CIVIL STATUS: single

NATIONALITY: Filipino

PERMANENT ADDRESS: P-2 ladgaron claver surigao del norte

ASA KA NAG JUNIOR HIGH: Claver national high school

ASA KA NAG ELEMENTARY:tayaga central elementary school

MOBILE NUMBER:09706858891

EMAIL: none

Religion: catholic

Mother:Jessa S. Pagal

Father:Norman A. Pagal