 The art or technique of producing images on a surface, by means of marks, usually ink, graphite,

chalk or crayon
 A formal artistic creation be defined as the primarily linear rendition of objects in the visible world,
as well as concepts, thoughts, attitudes, and fantasies given visual form, of symbols and even of
abstract forms
 Can apply to all graphic arts and techniques that are characterized by an emphasis on form or
shape rather than mass and color, as in painting
 The fundamental skill needed in the visual arts
 A study which is made for the sake of learning how to execute some forms
 As such differs from graphic printing processes in that a direct relationship exists between
production and result.
 May form a basis of reproduction or copying, it is nonetheless unique by it very nature
 
 
The Different Media of DRAWING
1. Pencils
a. Made of graphite which comes in different hardness from soft to hard or thickness from
thick to needle-like, making possible a wide range of values
b. Pencils are usually labeled 2B, 4B, 6B which indicates the softness of the lead. The higher the
B numbers, the softer the lead and the darker is the tone and line it can create.
c. Drawing using graphite pencils are finished product is best done on cold press paper and to
make sure the work becomes permanent, a fixative is sprayed on top of the work
d. Graphite pencils are capable of producing different kinds of lines and a variety of tones
depending on sharpness of the pencil point, the pressure applied on paper by the artist and
the angle of the pencil as it is held by the artist
e. Shading techniques
i. Hatching
1. A drawing series of thin parallel lines that run in the same direction
ii. Cross-hatching
1. Drawing a series of thin parallel lines and crisscrossing it with another set of thin
parallel lines. This creates a tone that is darker than hatching
iii. Stippling
1. Using the sharp point of the pencil to make dot pattern to create depth in some
parts of the drawing
iv. Blending
1. Accompanied by using the finger or a paper stump to gradually change the tone
from dark to light
2. Ink
a. Oldest material for drawing that is still in use. It allows for a great variety of qualities,
depending on the tools and technique used in application
b. Used in making beautiful handwritings produced in calligraphy which in itself is art
3. Pastel
a. Composed of dry pigment held together by a gum binder and compressed into sticks
b. Three kinds of pastel
i. Soft pastel
1. The difference between soft and hard is the amount of binder in the materials
ii. Hard pastel
 iii. Oil pastel
1. The binder is oil
c. When finished, the drawing must be sprayed with fixative to prevent pigment from rubbing
off and destroying the work.
d. An artist who is comfortable in using pastel has a mastery of the skills needed to manipulate
this medium
e. Pastel Techniques
i. Stippling
1. Using different colors to produce small marks, thus creating a pattern
ii. Feathering
1. Using the point of the pastel to make parallel strokes creating a feather-like
effect
iii. Scumbling
1. Like layering but using a pastel
2. The side of the pastel is lightly drawn in top of an existing color but still making
the color of the first layer visible
iv. Impasto
1. The technique of the thickly applying the pastel by pressing hard on the paper
creating an opaque effect
v. Sgrafitto
1. Applying a thick deposit of pastel on the support then using blunt pen, scrapes it
off to reveal the underlying color and create the design. Works beautifully on oil
pastel
4. Charcoal
a. An organic medium that come from burnt wood
b. Two kinds of charcoal
i. Compressed charcoal or manufactured charcoal
1. Made from loose charcoal mixed with a binder and pressed into sticks
ii. Vine charcoal
1. Comes in thin sticks that is easy to blend and erase
c. Soft charcoal
i. Produces dark, velvety tones and the hard charcoal produces light, gray ones
 
 
Kinds of Paper used in DRAWING
 Most common surface used in two-dimensional art
 Three types of paper:
o Hot-pressed paper
 Smooth
 Has smooth surface finish
o Cold-pressed paper
 Has moderate texture
 Has slightly bumpy, textured surface
o Rough paper
 Has the most common texture (smooth)