UNIFORMLY

MODERN PHYSICS
ASYNCHRONOUS LEARNING TASKS
ACCELERATED
MOTION (1D)
In this module, you will mathematically and graphically understand objects whose
acceleration throughout the motion is uniform or constant, such as free-falling bodies
and skidding cars

Learning Goals:

• Convert a written description of a physical situation involving one-dimensional

acceleration into a mathematical statement
• Recognize whether a physical situation involves constant velocity or constant
acceleration
• Solve for unknown quantities in equations involving one-dimensional uniformly
accelerated motion
• Remember that the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity on Earth’s
surface is nearly constant and is approximately 9.8 m/s²
• Solve problems involving one-dimensional motion with constant acceleration

I. ENGAGE

Quick Reminder

Begin here:

Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it on your yellow paper.

1. At the surface of the Earth where the air is negligible, objects fall with the ________.
a. different acceleration c. same acceleration
b. same velocity d. same speed

2. An object moves with a constant acceleration of 5 m/s^2. Which of the following

statement is true?
a. The object’s velocity stays the same
b. The object moves 5 m each second
c. The object’s acceleration increases by 5 m/s^2 each second
d. The object’s velocity increases by 5 m/s each second

3. Galileo has proven that all objects, in absence of air resistance, fall with the same
constant acceleration known as ___________.
a. acceleration resistance c. constant acceleration
b. acceleration due to gravity d. uniform acceleration

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4. Which of the following equations are used in solving the final velocity of an object
dropped from rest?
a. vf = vf – gt c. vf = ½ at^2
b. vf = v0 – gt d. vf = v0t

5. The direction of a free- falling body is __________.

a. downside c. upside down
b. downward d. upward

II. EXPLORE

Task 1. Using the definition in the second column arrange the jumble words below.
These words will then be encountered throughout this module.

Column A Column B

lyunimrof racclecedet This means that the velocity of objects

tiomon changes over time at a constant rate

Causes the objects to fall toward the center of

ygtriva
the Earth

Object falling without the influence of air

eerf llfinga jectsob
resistance or friction

nitiila vlusea Subscript 0

terme rep csendo

SI unit for acceleration
quaresd

Task 2. Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.

Questions:

1. How do you describe the two

objects in air and in vacuum?

2. Why do you think the two objects

in air will not reach the ground at
the same and at the same height?

3. Why do you think the two objects

in vacuum will reach the ground
at the same and at the same
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height?
III. EXPLAIN

Uniformly Accelerated Linear Motion Problems

From rest, a car accelerated at 8 m/s2 for 10 seconds.

a) What is the position of the car at the end of the 10 seconds?
b) What is the velocity of the car at the end of the 10 seconds?

Known quantities: a= 8 m/s2 Unknown quantities: df and vf

t= 10 s

v0 = 0 m/s

d0 = 0 m

Solution:

a) The car starts from rest therefore the initial speed u = 0. Nothing is said about
the initial position, and we, therefore, assume it is equal to 0. Hence the position
x is given by the equation:
x = (1/2) a t 2

where a is the acceleration (=8 m/s2) and t is the period between initial and final
positions:
x = (1/2)8 (10)2 = 400 m

b) The velocity v of the car at the end of the 10 seconds is given by

v = a t = 8 * 10 = 80 m/s

Task 3. Solve the following

With an initial velocity of 20 km/h, a car accelerated at 8 m/s 2 for 10 seconds.

a) What is the position of the car at the end of the 10 seconds?
b) What is the velocity of the car at the end of the 10 seconds?

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One Dimensional Free Fall Motion Problems

An object is thrown straight down from the top of a building at a speed of 20 m/s. It hits
the ground at a speed of 40 m/s.
a) How high is the building?
b) How long was the object in the air?

Known and Unknown quantities:

We consider that the direction from the ground up is the positive direction of the
falling object. We are given the initial (-20 m/s) and final velocities (-40 m/s); the
minus sign was added to consider the fact that the falling object is moving in the
negative direction. We know the gravitational acceleration (g = - 9.8 m/s2) acting
on the falling object and we are asked to find the height of the building.

Solution:

a) If we consider the position of the object as being x (with x = 0 on the ground),

then we may use the equation relating the initial and final velocities u and v, the
acceleration a, and the initial (x0 which the height of the building) and final (x, on
the ground) positions as follows:
v2 = u2 + 2 a (x - x0)
(-40 m/s)2 = (-20 m/s)2 + 2 (-9.8 m/s0) (0 - x0)

Solve the above for x0

x0 = 1200 / 19.6 = 61.2 m

b) x - x0 = (1/2)(u + v)t
-61.2 = 0.5(-20 - 40)t
t = 61.2 / 30 = 2.04 s

Take this!

Kinematic equations provide a useful means of determining the value of an

unknown motion parameter if three motion parameters are known. In the case of
a free-fall motion, acceleration is often known. And in many cases, another
motion parameter can be inferred through a solid knowledge of some basic
kinematic principles.

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IV. ELABORATE

A. Solve the following uniformly accelerated motion problems

1. A car accelerates uniformly from 0 to 72 km/h in 11.5 seconds.

a) What is the acceleration of the car in m/s2?
b) What is the position of the car by the time it reaches the velocity of 72
km/h?

2. A train brakes from 40 m/s to a stop over 100 m.

a) What is the acceleration of the train?
b) How much time does it take the train to stop?

3. a) How long does it take an airplane to take off if it needs to reach a speed on the
ground of 350 km/h over a distance of 600 meters (assume the plane starts from rest)?
b) What is the acceleration of the airplane over 600 meters?

4. Jersey drops a pile of roof shingles from the top of a roof located 8.52 meters
above the ground. Determine the time required for the shingles to reach the ground.

5. Fiona throws his mother's crystal vase vertically upwards with an initial
velocity of 26.2 m/s. Determine the height to which the vase will rise above its initial
height.

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