MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building, CM Recto Avenue, Manila

CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City

Telephone Number: (02) 516 7559 (Manila) E-Mail: buksmarquez1 @yahoo.com
(032) 254-6697 (Cebu)

Review Module – Classical Physics

Kinematics: Rectilinear Motion Erratic Motion: Graphical Analysis

1. The position of the front bumper of a test car under microprocessor control SITUATION: An object which started from rest is travelling from point A to point
is given by s = 2.17 + 4.8t2 – 0.1t6, meters. Find its position and C for 15 seconds. During the first 10 seconds, the object has a constant
acceleration at the instants when the car has zero velocity. acceleration of 4 m/s2 and on the last 5 seconds, the object decelerated at a
constant rate of -2 m/s2.
Under Constant Acceleration: Formulas
13. Determine the velocity of the object at the end of the journey.
vf = vi + a t vf 2 = vi 2 + 2as
𝟏
s = vi t + 𝟐 a t 2 14. Determine the total distance travelled.
15. Sketch the a-t, v-t, and s-t diagrams.
2. You are a Civil Engineer designing an airport runway for small planes. SITUATION: The velocity of a car is plotted as shown
One kind of airplane that might use this airfield must reach a speed before
takeoff of at least 100 kph and can accelerate at 2 m/s 2. Determine the
minimum length required for the runway. How much time does it take to
completely takeoff?

3. An unmarked police car travelling a constant 95 km/h is passed by a

speeder traveling 135 km/h. Precisely 1.00 s after the speeder passes,
the police officer steps on the accelerator; if the police car’s acceleration
is 2.60 m/s2, how much time passes before the police car overtakes the
speeder which is moving at constant speed?
4. A person throws a ball upward into the air with an initial velocity of 15.0
m/s. Calculate the following: a) how high it goes b) time of the ball in the
air before it comes back to the hand of the thrower c) the velocity of the
ball when it returns to the thrower’s hand.
Kinematics: Curvilinear Motion
5. The van travels over the hill described by y= (-0.0015x2 +15) meters. If it
has a constant speed of 75 m/s. Determine the x and y component of the
van’s velocity and acceleration when x=50m.
16. Determine the acceleration of the car from the 40 to 80 second mark.
17. Determine the total distance travelled.
18. Determine the average velocity of the car from 0 to 80 second mark.
Kinetics of a Particle: Force and Acceleration
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
If a net external force acts on an object, the object accelerates. The
direction of acceleration is the same as the direction of the net external
force. The mass of the object times the acceleration of the object equals
the net external force, or
∑ F = ma

6. A kicked football leaves the ground at an angle of 36.87 degrees with a
velocity of 20 m/s. Calculate (a) the maximum height, (b) the time of travel
before the football hits the ground, and (c) how far away it hits the ground.
Assume the ball leaves the foot at ground level and ignore air resistance
and rotation of the ball.
Absolute Dependent Motion
In some types of problems, the motion of one particle will depend on the
corresponding motion of another particle. This dependency commonly
occurs if the particles are interconnected by inextensible cords which are
wrapped around pulleys.

7. Suppose one of Napoleon’s cannons had a muzzle speed of 60 m/s. At
what angle should it have been aimed (ignore air resistance) to strike a
target 320 m away?
Kinematics: Rotational Motion
8. The angular velocity of a rotating disk is defined by ω = (4t2 + 9t + 3) rad/s,
where t is in seconds. If the disk has a radius of 0.8 m: determine the
magnitude of the velocity and acceleration of the disk when t=1.0 second.
Procedure for Analysis:
1. Set up a fixed datum line (usually at the center of pulley). Establish
the position coordinate along the direction of the motion.
2. Relate the position coordinates to the total length. Set the lengths
that do not change as constants, while those that change as
variables s.
ds dv
3. Apply the time derivatives v = dt and a = dt .

Under Constant Angular Acceleration: Formulas 1. A 50-kg crate rests on a horizontal surface for which the coefficient of
kinetic friction is μk = 0.30. The crate is subjected to a 400-N towing force
directed 30° with the horizontal. Determine the acceleration of the crate
in m/s2.

Situation (2-3). Two boxes are connected by a cord running over a pulley as
SITUATION: Initially, a ball has an angular velocity of 5.0 rad/s shown. The coefficient of kinetic friction between box A and the table is 0.20.
counterclockwise. Sometime later, after rotating through a total angle of Neglecting friction,
5.5 radians, the ball has an angular velocity of 1.5 rad/s clockwise.

9. What is the angular acceleration? What is the average angular

velocity?
10. How much time did this take?
11. At some point the angular velocity of the ball had to have been zero.
At what angle from its initial orientation did this occur and how long
did it take?

12. A car travels at a constant speed around a circular track whose

radius is 2.6 km. The car goes around the track once in 360 s. What
is the magnitude of the centripetal acceleration of the car?
2. Find the acceleration of the system.
3. Find the tension developed in the cord.
 MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building, CM Recto Avenue, Manila
CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City
Telephone Number: (02) 516 7559 (Manila) E-Mail: buksmarquez1 @yahoo.com
(032) 254-6697 (Cebu)

Review Module – Classical Physics

Kinetics of a Particle: Work and Energy The ratio of the restitution impulse to the deformation impulse is called
the coefficient of restitution, e.
Work-Energy Theorem
Work done by the net force on a particle equals the change in the (vB)2 - (vA )2 (vA )2 - (vB )2
particle’s kinetic energy. e=- =
(vB)1 - (vA )1 (vB )1 - (vA )1
1
∑ Work = m(v22 - v21 )
2
• When e = 1, energy loss is equal to 0 and the impact is called
perfectly elastic impact.
Work Done by External Force: W = Fd
• When e = 0, energy loss is maximum and the impact is called
Work Done by Weight W = mgh perfectly plastic/inelastic impact.
1
Work Done by Spring W = 2 kx2
Situation (7-8). A 100-kg body initially at rest is acted upon by a constant
force of 80 N for 5 seconds, after which an opposite force of 54 N is applied.
Situation (4-5). A block weighing 500 N is dropped from a height of 1.3 m
upon a spring whose modulus is 20,000 N/m. 7. After 10 seconds from rest, what is the velocity of the body?

4. What velocity will the block have at the instant the spring is deformed 8. In what additional time in seconds will the body come to rest?
100 mm?
5. What is the maximum deformation of the spring? Assume the block does
not bounce. 9. The 5 kg block initially at rest is acted upon by a horizontal force P that
6. Refer to the figure shown. If the 50-kg body has a speed of 5 m/s at point varies with
Situation (7-8).time as shown
A 100-kg bodybelow. Assuming
initially at rest isthe surface
acted upontoby
beafrictionless,
A, determine its speed at point B. Assume surface to be frictionless. determine
constant forcethe velocity
of 80 N for of the block after
5 seconds, afterwhich
5 seconds.
an opposite force of 54
N is applied.

1. After 10 seconds from rest, what is the velocity of the body?

2. In what additional time in seconds will the body come to rest?

3. The 5 kg block initially at rest is acted upon by a horizontal force P

that varies with time as shown below. Assuming the surface to be
Kinetics of a Particle: Impulse and Momentum
frictionless, determine the velocity of the block after 5 seconds.
Impulse is defined as the product of the force and time over which it acts.
Momentum is defined as the product the object’s mass and its velocity.

Impulse-Momentum Theorem
The impulse of the net external force on a particle during a time interval
equals the change in momentum of that particle during that interval:
Situation (10-12). A 20-kg object A travelling at 4 m/s collides head on with a
∑ F(∆t) = ∆(mv) 10-kg object B initially at rest. Determine the velocity of each object after the
t impact if
∫t 2 F dt = ∆(mv)
1

10. the collision is perfectly elastic.

Law of Conservation of Momentum
The total linear momentum for a system of particles remains constant
11. the collision is perfectly inelastic.
during the time period t1 to t2.
12. the coefficient of restitution is 0.45.
∑ mi (vi )1 = ∑ mi (vi )2

1Conservation of momentum means conservation of its components. Situation (13-15). The two identical steel balls moving with initial velocities v A
2The velocities to be used must be the velocities ‘just before’ and ‘just and vB collide as shown. The coefficient of restitution is e = 0.
after’ collision.

Impact
Impact occurs when two bodies collide during a very short time period,
causing large impulsive forces to be exerted between the bodies. In
general, there are two types of impact: central impact and oblique
impact.

13. Determine the velocity of ball A just after the impact.

Situation (10-12). A 20-kg object A travelling at 4 m/s collides head on
14.withDetermine
a 10-kg object B initially
the velocity of at rest.
ball Determine
B just after thethe velocity of each object
impact.
after the impact if
15. Determine the percentage loss of system kinetic energy.
4. the collision is perfectly elastic.

5. the collision is perfectly inelastic.

6. the coefficient of restitution is 0.45.

• When e = 1, energy loss is equal to 0 and the impact is called