POINTS

⮚ The important means of knowledge acquiring in Islamic epistemology are three, truthful
information it can be obtained by two ways, the information transformed by a mass people
and the one given by a prophet. The second tool is reason and the third is senses through
which empirical knowledge can be gained. As far as modern philosophy is concerned, Rene
Descartes promoted the reason. When it reaches to john lock it was wholly limited in
empirical knowledge and rejected reason as an independent tool.
⮚ There are three types of mind among students. Research mind whose concern would be
studying different disciplines and integrating them. The thinking mind focuses upon getting
more ideas from worldly phenomena and sacred texts. It is interested in getting plenty of
thoughts. Whereas the feeling mind is concerned with experiencing different kind of life
experience and expressing them.

» ‫ « بروا باألرض فإنها بكم برة‬: ‫عليه السالم‬ ⮚

‫ـ من ذلك قوله ألبي‬،‫وقد ثبت عن النبي ﷺ ما يدل على مشروعية الخروج إلى البادية ترفيها للنفس وإشغاال ًلها بفضول المباحات‬ ⮚
ْ ‫ِالصال َ ِة ف‬
‫َارف َْع َص ْوتَ َك‬ َ ْ ‫غن َ ِم َك َأ ْو بَا ِديَ ِت َك َفَأ ّ َذن‬
َّ ‫ت ب‬ َ ‫ت ِفي‬ ُّ ‫ (ِإ ِن ّى َأ َرا َك تُ ِح‬:‫سعيد الخدري رضي الله عنه‬
َ ْ ‫ َفِإذَا كُن‬، ‫ب ال ْ َغن َ َم َوال ْبَا ِديَ َة‬
).. ‫بِال ِنّ َدا ِء‬

)]2[(( )‫َان ل َُه َأ ْج ٌر‬ ِ ‫يها ِو ْز ٌر؟ َفك َ َذلِ َك ِإ ذَا َو َض َع َها ِفي ال َْحل‬
َ ‫َال ك‬ َ ‫عل َيْ ِه ِف‬ َ ‫ام َأك‬
َ ‫َان‬ ٍ ‫َأ َرَأيْتُ ْم ل َْو َو َض َع َها ِفي َح َر‬ ⮚

⮚
ُ
[( " ‫تصير طاعا ت بالنيات الصادقات‬ ‫ "وف ي هذا دليل عل ى أن امل باحا ت‬: ‫قال النووي رحمه هللا‬ ⮚
َّ
، ‫آخ ِر الل ْي ِل‬ َ ْ َ َ ّ َ َّ َْ ْ َ ُ َّ ‫َأ‬ ْ َ َ َْ َ ْ ‫َ َأ‬ َ َْ َ ْ ‫ّ َأَل‬
ِ ‫ ن ه ين ِوي ِبنو ِم ِه التق ِوي ع ل ى ال ِقي ِام ِف ي‬: ‫ ي ع ِن ي‬، " ‫ "ِإ ِن ي ح ت ِس ُب نوم ِت ي ك َم ا ح ت ِس ُب قوم ِت ي‬: ‫قال معاذ رضي هللا عنه‬ ⮚
‫اب ِقيَ ِام ِه‬َ ‫اب نَ ْو ِم ِه ك ََما يَ ْح َت ِس ُبث ََو‬
َ ‫فَيَ ْح َت ِس ُبث ََو‬
‫خيْ ُرك ُْم َخيْ ُرك ُْم لَِأ ْهلِ ِه َوَأنَا َخيْ ُرك ُْم لَِأ ْهلِي‬
َ ( :‫والنبي ﷺ يقول‬ ⮚

‫تمسحوا باألرض فإنها بكم برة‬ ⮚

Difference between common and literary writing is that literary writing portrays the emotional
aspects of everything. It finds the life of events. Photo and real stuff.