LockiFi: Automated Locker Locking System With

Implementation of Fingerprint Sensor

Simon G. Anonuevo Ron Jacob C. Centeno Alejandro Z. Ruel

Department of Computer Engineering
Technological Institute of the
Philippines
Manila, Philippines
msganonuevo@tip.edu.ph
Department of Computer Engineering
Technological Institute of the
Philippines
Manila, Philippines
mrjccenteno@tip.edu.ph
Department of Computer Engineering
Technological Institute of the
Philippines
Manila, Philippines
mrzalejandro@tip.edu.ph

Dan Joseph M. Bascon Marc Jelo R. Dela Cruz Vincent John J. Medallo
Department of Computer Engineering Department of Computer Engineering Department of Computer Engineering
Technological Institute of the Technological Institute of the Technological Institute of the
Philippines Philippines Philippines
Manila, Philippines Manila, Philippines Manila, Philippines
mdjmbascon@tip.edu.ph mmjrdelacruz@tip.edu.ph mvjjmedallo@tip.edu.ph

Mon Arjay Malbog

Department of Computer Engineering
Technological Institute of the
Philippines
Manila, Philippines
mmalbog.cpe@tip.edu.ph

Abstract—The purpose of this research is to make an

automated locker locking system alternative to a
conventional locker padlock that the majority of students
usually pick up as a form of strengthening their security.
This automated locker locking system has features of having
a fingerprint module to provide security to make safe the
important things hidden by the user. The system will detect
the fingerprint of the user in order to open a locker and it
will go through to the database to find a match. The
developers meet the goals and objectives of the system and
it operates successfully. It was built using the C++
programming language by the developers.
Keywords—authentication, fingerprint, smart lock, biometric,
sensor.
The researchers created a smart locker for the banking
sector. It records the date, time, and the number of access
users on the smart locker in the bank and that is the main
feature of this project. The smart lock system will analyze
your picture and fingerprint to the data stored in the
database. After verifying the user's identity, the
microcontroller is the Arduino that will send a signal to the
lock, allowing it to open. It also sends a notification when
the number of authorized access turns rises during a certain
time period. According to the researcher, it compares
aspects of the test picture with the data image using image
processing techniques. The researcher also integrated a
fingerprint authentication hardware setup that works in
combination with an image processing application to make
this system more secure because it is associated with the
banking industry[1].

I. INTRODUCTION A Prototype of Automated Vault Locker Solution for

As the development of arduino and homemade tech
continues to be developed, there are more and more ideas
that can be implemented into various scenarios., given that
they have the knowledge to do so. This project aims to
provide one of these ideas, namely an automated locking
system, primarily a means or an alternative to a
conventional locker padlock that the majority of students
usually pick up as a form of strengthening their security.
This automated locking system will require the student's
fingerprint. It will be the gateway into unlocking the
respective locker the fingerprint belongs to in the system. It
also allows for a fair bit of modularity, allowing the user to
either add or subtract the amount of lockers used in the
system depending on whether they have the resources or
not.
Industrial Application proposed system will have a double
layer of protection consisting of an automated locking
system and an extra layer of physical security. The
automated locking system will comprise of a combination of
a keypad, a fingerprint scanner, an RFID reader and an
automated door controlling system. The keypad will be used
for entering a PIN code for accessing the vault. The
fingerprint scanner will be used to verify the identity of the
user and the RFID reader will be used for making sure that
the user is authorized to open the vault. The extra layer of
physical security will contain a motion detector for
detecting any suspicious activity. If any suspicious activity
is detected, an alarm will be triggered and the door of the
vault will automatically close. A camera will also be
installed to capture the image of the person trying to access
the vault. The captured image will be stored in a secured
server which can be accessed by authorized personnel only.
The proposed system will provide enhanced security and

XXX-X-XXXX-XXXX-X/XX/$XX.00 ©20XX IEEE

will help to prevent unauthorized access to important
documents and goods. It will also help to monitor the
activities of the users and will help to detect any suspicious
activity. The system will also help to reduce the risk of theft
and will help to protect the confidential documents and
goods from any unauthorized access[2].
Fingerprint-based authentication solutions have
advanced quickly in recent years. Currently, biometric
systems relying on fingerprints are vulnerable to serious
threats. According to Vivek, Shyam, Adithya, Sriram, and
Nihal(2021), "A DETAILED REVIEW ON FINGERPRINT
DOOR LOCK SYSTEM" Tokens and passwords are quite
flimsy and are often lost or stolen. One of the most frequent
reasons for security and data breaches is a bad password.
Even the most secure passwords might be the target of
hacker assaults. The employee may lose productivity if the
password reset process takes a lengthy time. The issue can
be resolved via biometrics. It is a technique for identifying
or verifying people based on physical or psychological traits
such as the iris, fingerprints, face patterns, DNA, speech
patterns, and so forth. The study claims that biometrics is a
huge upgrade in locking systems due to its uniqueness
depending on who uses it.[3]
Security has always been a major concern for
households and the workplace, and various approaches have
been implemented to address the issue. According to J.
Baidya, etal. (2017) Most major door lock security systems
have several loopholes that could be exploited to gain access
to the desired locations, raising concerns about a secure
lifestyle and a proper working environment. Furthermore,
terrorism and unauthorized access to places have become
major issues in recent years, necessitating the need for a
security system to prevent unauthorized access, particularly
in shared access environments[4]. With this in mind, this
paper presents a design and prototype of a biometric
fingerprint-based door lock system. Biometric systems, such
as fingerprint scanning, provide tools for enforcing
trustworthy logs of system transactions while also protecting
an individual’s right to privacy.
Traditional locks require a physical key and are not as
secure or convenient. According to Deepak Gulgulia. (2020)
The concept of security has substantially upgraded because
of technological advancements. We have seen a shift from
mechanical locks to electronic locks and door access control
systems which are more relied upon nowadays for
watertight security and safety. But, choosing the system that
is the best for you requires understanding how both these
technologies work[5]. The number of benefits that modern
access control systems offer is quite evident. They
encompass all features of traditional as well as electronic
locks and amplify security to a significant level. Moreover,
biometric access control raises the bar by eliminating the
risks of key proximity cards getting stolen and enforcing
identity-based access so that only the one who is authorized
can enter.
Different locking systems were proposed through
different projects. As an example, a study entitled The Six
Tier Multipurpose Security Locker System Based on
Arduino has a higher security due to its features. It is a
secure and automated storage system that makes use of an
Arduino microcontroller and a variety of sensors to provide
a secure and efficient locker system for storing valuable
items. The system consists of a central controller
responsible for managing the overall system and six
individual storage lockers, each with its own unique code
and RFID tag. The system utilizes several sensors such as an
RFID scanner, fingerprint scanner, and proximity sensor to
provide an extra layer of security. The RFID scanner and
fingerprint scanner are used to identify authorized users and
the proximity sensor is used to detect when the locker is
opened and closed[6].
Multiple advantages can be seen in different studies and
projects. In a project entitled Smart Bank Lockers Using
Fingerprint Scanning and Image Processing, it utilizes
advanced biometric technology to provide a secure and
convenient way for customers to store their valuables. This
system uses an advanced fingerprint scanning device to
quickly and accurately identify customers. The system also
utilizes image processing technologies to ensure the safety
of the stored items[7]. Using these technologies, customers
can store their items securely and access them easily. The
system is designed to be user-friendly, allowing customers
to quickly and easily set up their locker and store their
items. The system also provides an extra layer of security by
requiring customers to enter a PIN code before they can
access their locker. This system is ideal for banks,
businesses, and other organizations that require secure
storage of their valuable items.
A paper by Malathi R. and Jeberson Retna Raj R.(2016)
talks about how Physical biometric authentication systems
are becoming increasingly popular in security management.
An integrated approach combines several types of physical
biometrics such as fingerprints, facial recognition, iris
scanning, and hand geometry in order to authenticate an
individual’s identity. These physical techniques are
combined with sophisticated encryption techniques in order
to provide an efficient, secure and cost effective
authentication solution. This approach allows users to
authenticate their identity in an unobtrusive manner, while
simultaneously providing added layers of security with the
capacity to authenticate multiple users. Additionally, the
integrated approach allows for simultaneous authentication
of multiple physical biometric authenticators, meaning that
any combination of multiple physical attributes can be used
to authenticate the user’s identity. This approach is ideal for
large organizations such as airports, government offices and
the military that require a secure and dependable
solution[8].
Biometric fingerprint scanners provide a convenient
and secure means of identity authentication. As a result,
these scanners are becoming increasingly popular for use in
access control for secure areas and for other applications
requiring robust authentication measures. In Mai
Chengsheng's (2020) paper, it is mentioned that the system
works by analyzing minutiae points of a user’s fingerprint,
such as the points of convergence and divergence and their
corresponding patterns, which is then compared to an
existing fingerprint record in a database. This method of
authentication is unobtrusive and highly secure, making it
an ideal choice for a variety of applications[9].
Fingerprint Based Electro-Magnetic Door Lock System
proposes a design to provide enhanced security for restricted
access areas. The system consists of a fingerprint scanner,
an Arduino board, an electromagnet, an RFID reader, and an 2.2 Flowchart
LCD display. The system is designed to identify authorized
users by their fingerprint and grant them access to the
restricted area. The fingerprint scanner is used to detect and
identify the authorized user and the Arduino board is used to
process the fingerprint data. The electromagnet is used to
open and close the door lock, while the RFID reader is used
to detect the presence of any unauthorized users. The LCD
display is used to display the status of the door lock, i.e., if it
is open or closed. The system is designed to provide
increased security and convenience. The fingerprint based
system ensures that only authorized users can gain access to
the restricted area, while the RFID reader ensures that any
unauthorized users are denied access. The LCD display also
helps in alerting the users about the status of the lock[10].

II. METHODOLOGY
2.1 System Architecture

Figure 1 shows the system architecture of LockiFi:

Automated Locker Locking System With Implementation of
Fingerprint Sensor. This automated locker locking system
has features of having a fingerprint module to provide
security to save the important things hidden by the user. The
image above is the system architecture showing the user
needs to register first their fingerprint to the automated
locker locking system to be recognized by the system. After
the user registered their fingerprint, the user now has access
to unlock the automated locker locking system. Entering the
fingerprint of the user, the system analyzes and the result
will be seen on LCD. The lock of the locker will unlock
when the fingerprints match on the registered fingerprint of
the system.
Fig 1. System Architecture
Fig 2. Flowchart
Figure 2 shows how our system works. The system
starts with the process of detecting a finger user's credentials
or simply detecting an already existing user's fingerprint to
open its corresponding locker. It is done by the use of 2 push
buttons that correspond to what the user needs. If the user
presses the "Scan" button and then provides a fingerprint
input, then the system will go through its database to find a
match. The corresponding locker will then open for the user.
If the system detects no match for the given fingerprint
input, then it will simply show an error message on the
LCD.
The "Add fingerprint" pushbutton on the other hand
allows users to add a new fingerprint into the system's
database. Once the button has been pressed, the system will
require the presence of a master fingerprint in order to
securely allow the addition of a new fingerprint into the
system. After the master fingerprint has been scanned and
verified, the LCD will show a menu where you can choose
which of the doors/lockers you would assign your
fingerprint to. This process reuses the "Add fingerprint"
button to cycle between the locker options and the "Scan"
button to confirm. When the user has made their choice,
they can now scan their own fingerprint (and a 2nd time for
reconfirmation) to finally be assigned to their locker of
choice.
 C. Fingerprint Sensor
2.3 Prototype Fingerprint Sensor used to be the key to each door.
It detects different fingers and matches the exact
fingerprint for each lock[13].
Figure 3 and Figure 4 shows the prototype of the
product using the platform SketchUp; the system consists of D. Servo Motor
a Servo motor, Latch lock, Arduino mega, LCD I2C,
Servo Motor will act as the lock for each door. The
Fingerprint module, Breadboard, LED, and Pushbutton;
motor will turn 0° up to 180° degrees in order to lock the
Shown below is the complete prototype of the product after door[14].
assembling the project. The decision made to design the
project is the concept of how the designers wanted it to E. Push buttons
function and how its appearance will look. Push button will act as the activation for each
function. Other buttons will close the door depending on
what door it was assigned and the 2 buttons will be the
scan to open a door and the other one is for changing and
adding new id’s[15].
2.5 Rule-Based
A rule-based algorithm is a type of algorithm that uses a
set of predetermined rules to determine the output or
solution to a problem. These rules are defined by the user
and act as a set of instructions for the algorithm to follow in
order to find a solution. Rule-based algorithms are used in
many areas such as artificial intelligence, language
processing and natural language understanding. To
determine what decision should be made here are some rules
used in the system:
Figure 3. Prototype model of LockiFi with the list of
components used 1. If (button for scan is pressed) then (system asks for a
finger to open specific door)
2. If (button for adding ID is pressed) then (system will
ask for the new fingerprint to add to the system)
3. If (Fingerprint sensor detects fingerprint with ID 1) then
(servo motor of door 1 will turn 180°)
4. If (Fingerprint sensor detects fingerprint with ID 2) then
(servo motor of door 2 will turn 180°)
5. If (Fingerprint sensor detects fingerprint with ID 3) then
(servo motor of door 3 will turn 180°)
6. If (button for door 1 is pressed) then (servo motor of
door 1 will turn 0°)
7. If (button for door 2 is pressed) then (servo motor of
door 2 will turn 0°)
8. If (button for door3 is pressed) then (servo motor of
door 3 will turn 0°)
Figure 4 Dimensions of the prototype for each sides III. RESULT AND FINDINGS
The testing was conducted by the researchers to measure
2.4 Materials and Components the needs of the whole project. The product is running while
To develop the LockiFi, an automated locking system the 3 researchers put their fingers 10 times to see how
for lockers through biometrics using a fingerprint sensor. accurate the fingerprint is, each three members has to test
The following materials are needed: the fingerprint module and see the percentage on how
A. Arduino Uno confident the system figures each finger. To measure the
accuracy, the test was run 30 times with 3 different fingers.
Arduino Mega is to allow the user to program and Accuracy is defined as:
control a variety of electronics projects such as robots,
lights, and other devices. The Arduino Mega is a 𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑠
Accuracy =
microcontroller that has much more pins than Arduino 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑠
Mega and Nano. It acts as the controller for input and (equation 1)
output of the design[11].
A. Accuracy Testing
B. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
Table I. Accuracy Testing
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) acts as the device to
display if the finger match is successful and how No. of Fingerprint Confidence Result Output
confident the sensor detects its fingerprint[12]. Test id level(%)
 different percentage when it comes to the confidence level
1 1 315% Success Open
and majority of the test gives a success rate.
2 1 154% Success Open A. Testing Result

3 1 147% Success Open Table II. Test Result

Table Column Head
4 1 2% Failed Close Total
Fingerprint Avg.
Number of Success
ID Used Tests confidence
Rate (%)
5 1 221% Success Open level (%)
1 10 169.8% 90%
6 1 207% Success Open
2 10 283.8% 100%
7 1 211% Success Open 3 10 299% 100%

8 1 119% Success Open

The result for table II shows the average percentage on
9 1 136% Success Open each test that has been conducted. I was shown that all of
the success rate between the 3 fingerprint ID are high except
10 1 186% Success Open for the ID 1 with a success rate of 90%, one of the result
shows that the fingerprint was not detected and it doesn’t
11 2 347% Success Open
read the finger that has been used the confidence level was
12 2 263% Success Open
also the lowest compare to the other two ID’s with only
169.8% average confidence level, while for ID 2 its
13 2 272% Success Open confidence level was 283.8% and its success rate is 100%.
Lastly the ID 3 with the highest confidence level averaging
14 2 244% Success Open 299% and its success rate was also 100%

15 2 347% Success Open

To test the product, it was displayed through LCD,
16 2 308% Success Open
where the percentage of the matched fingerprint was shown

17 2 287% Success Open

18 2 223% Success Open

19 2 131% Success Open

20 2 416% Success Open

21 3 287% Success Open

22 3 558% Success Open

23 3 89% Success Open

24 3 326% Success Open

25 3 404% Success Open

26 3 251% Success Open

27 3 433% Success Open

28 3 384% Success Open

Figure 5 Fingerprint testing
29 3 187% Success Open
Figure 5 shows how to simulate the fingerprint and
30 3 71% Success Open show its result through LCD. It can identify if it was
matched to the specified fingers by measuring how
confident the module was to the finger that has been put.
Table I shows the manual testing that was made to test IV. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
if the fingerprint is accurate enough to handle locking
systems. It was tested for 30 times and each result shows a
The researchers have come to the conclusion that all of
the project's goals and objectives had been met. The
developers have been able to create an automated locking
system that implements a fingerprint sensor, all the while
considering the constraints of the project’s accuracy, speed
and constant. The summary of the findings seen above
prove that the system in question is able to operate
efficiently and with little to no problems. The system’s
servo motors work well in being able to act as a locking
mechanism and the fingerprint scanning system works
securely and as intended, being able to store fingerprint data
and call upon it when needed to be used. This way, the
locking mechanism and the fingerprint system it comes
with, can be utilized in a wide array of containers,
particularly that of lockers used for either schools or other
public places that come into mind. Testing shows that the
fingerprint sensor has a high success rate. Three fingerprint
IDs were utilized for the testing, each being tested a total of
10 times with a success rate of 90% for the 1st fingerprint
ID, 100% for the 2nd fingerprint ID and another 100% for
the last fingerprint ID.
An extra set of features can be implemented in the
future such as the use of a keypad for an extra means of
manipulating the lock, making the process of setting each
fingerprint and its assignment to a locker be more
ergonomic and easy. Another possibility is the use of an
RFID signature to scan with, this can be implemented into
ID cards of which the users may hold onto for another
means of security and verification.
Engineering and Robotics Technology (ICASERT), 2019, pp. 1-5,
doi: 10.1109/ICASERT.2019.8934615.
[7] A. Chikara, P. Choudekar, Ruchira and D. Asija, "Smart Bank Locker
Using Fingerprint Scanning and Image Processing," 2020 6th
International Conference on Advanced Computing and
Communication Systems (ICACCS), 2020, pp. 725-728, doi:
10.1109/ICACCS48705.2020.9074482.
[8] Malathi R., Jeberson Retna Raj R., An Integrated Approach of
Physical Biometric Authentication System, Procedia Computer
Science, Volume 85, 2016, Pages 820-826, ISSN 1877-0509,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2016.05.271.
[9] Mai, Chengsheng. "Brief Introduction to Biometrics Fingerprint
Scanners." Access, 2020,
https://www.accesscontrol.cn/news/biometrics-fingerprint-scanners.ht
ml.
[10] M. N. Hossain, A. U. Khan Supto, M. M. Faruk and S. K. Biswas,
"Design & Development of Fingerprint Based Electro-Magnetic Door
Lock System," 2021 12th International Conference on Computing
Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT), 2021, pp.
1-5, doi: 10.1109/ICCCNT51525.2021.9580064.
[11] Alfiansyah, Indrian & Wardhani, Rini. (2018). Implementation of
Secure Hash Algorithm – 3 for Biometric Fingerprint Access Control
Based on Arduino Mega 2560. 31-35. 10.1109/ICAITI.2018.8686734.
[12] Sitompul, Dahlan & Sihombing, Poltak. (2022). The LCD Interfacing
and Programming. 10.5772/intechopen.102408.
[13] Alazam, Sharaf & Sarea, Hammed & Suhaimi, Muhammad. (2021).
BIOMETRIC AUTHENTICATION USING FINGERPRINT AND
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[14] Wong, Wai & Sia, Boon & Soe, Min. (2022). Storage Locker
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10.31875/2409-9694.2022.09.05.
[15] Edwards, Steven. (2013). Illuminated pushbutton switch with
configurable electronic latching features.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The researchers would like to show our gratitude to

Engr. Mon Arjay Malbog for guiding and teaching them
how to properly use some components in tinkercad and the
code they need to use for the functions of the components in
the project. He also shared some ideas that could help the
project like the three lockers with one controller. Also, the
researchers would like to thank the Lord for guiding them to
finish the project despite the distance with each other.

REFERENCES

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10.1109/ICACCS48705.2020.9074482.
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