Light and Architectural

Lighting Systems

Luminaires
Lighting Types
 Troffers
Troffers – are widely used in offices, stores, schools, and other
commercial and institutional facilities for general lighting in work and
sales areas. Troffers are the most common type of fluorescent
luminaire.
• Lensed troffers use a plastic lens to refract light and distribute it
within the desired area below.
• Parabolic troffers use parabolically shaped aluminum or plastic
louvers to shield the lamp for improved visual comfort.
• Recessed indirect troffers are open, and light from fluorescent
lamps is bounced off the interior box of the troffer.
• High efficiency troffers combine the efficiency of a lensed
troffer with the aesthetic quality of the indirect basket troffer.
 Troffers

Lensed troffer
Parabolic troffer

High efficiency troffer

Semi-recessed indirect troffer
 Linear Lighting Systems

Linear lighting systems

• are fluorescent luminaires having indirect, semi-
indirect, and direct-indirect lighting distribution;
they are designed to illuminate offices and other
more finished spaces.
• Because the luminaires can be obtained in
varying lengths and assembled into patterns,
they are called linear systems.
• Direct lighting is light that shines from a
fixture on a specific area.
• Indirect lighting is light reflected off
ceilings and walls.
• Cove lighting is a form of indirect lighting
built into ledges, recesses, or valances in
a ceiling or high on the walls of a room.
 Indirect Cove Fixtures

Indirect cove fixtures provide up-lighting onto a ceiling

plane.
• Asymmetric fluorescent cove fixtures contain a
reflector that pushes the light out into the space.
• Adjustable LED cove fixtures vary in beam spread,
size and wattage and can be used to illuminate a
whole ceiling or simply provide a glow.
• LED “tape” lights are very small profile LED strips
that typically contain a tape backing.
 Indirect Cove Fixtures

Asymmetric fluorescent
cove fixtures

LED “tape” lights

Adjustable LED cove fixtures
 Lighting Fixtures
Surface Mounted Fixtures

• Exposed but remain close

to or flush with the ceiling
or wall.
• Popular in hallways and
bedrooms.
• If installed at wall, it is
called a “sconce” lighting
fixture.
 Lighting Fixtures
Pendant Fixtures

• Suspended by a cord,
chain, cable or other
means and are popular
over tables, kitchen islands
and in higher ceiling areas
 Lighting Options
Track Lighting
• Can be surface mounted on
walls or ceilings or can be
suspended from ceilings.
• Flexible in location, quantity
and aiming angles.
• Still used in museums for good
reason
• Permits maximum flexibility
• Luminaires equipped easily
with spread lenses and UV
filters for artwork lighting
• Attaches to surface, permits
dramatic lighting in condos
 Lighting Options
Portable Fixtures

Defined typically by their cord

which can be plugged in to any
available electrical outlet. Desk
and bed lights, pole lights fall
into this category.
 Basic functions that light performs in interior
building spaces
• Ambient lighting - sometimes called general lighting,
provides uniform illumination throughout the space.

• Task or local lighting - is the illumination provided for a

specific visual function, which is additional to and controlled
separately from the ambient lighting.

• Accent lighting - is directional lighting used to emphasize a

particular object or area.

• Decorative lighting - is the light source that adds a quality

of interest to the space.
 AMBIENT LIGHTING
Ambient
lighting is the
most essential
form of lighting
because it fills
the volume of a
room or space
with uniform
light.
 TASK OR LOCAL LIGHTING
Exacting tasks,
such as sewing,
drafting,
assembly, and
surgery,
generally require
this type of
lighting.
 ACCENT LIGHTING
It is used to call
attention to or
orchestrate
interest by
emphasizing a
particular
architectural
feature, piece
of artwork,
photograph, or
plant.
 DECORATIVE LIGHTING
This type of lighting
may be a hanging
crystal chandelier
used as a main
feature in an entry
or dining space.
Novelty lights such
as Christmas lights
and colored rope
lights are
decorative.
 Decorative Lighting
Decorative Lighting is the jewelry of architecture and, in many
building types, plays a significant role in building style, period, or motif.
• Chandeliers are ornate luminaires generally consisting of many
small incandescent lamps that simulate the effect of candle flames..
• Pendants are also ceiling-hung decorative fixtures. Pendant is used
for hanging luminaires less formal than chandeliers that are used in
offices, restaurants, and many other places.
• Close-to-ceiling luminaires are similar to pendants but mount
closely to the ceiling to allow use in most rooms with conventional
ceiling heights.
• Sconces are wall-mounted luminaires and are often decorative.
• Table and floor lamps are portable luminaires
• Torchieres are floor lamps designed specifically for up-lighting.
• Vanity lights are used for bath vanity and mirror areas.
 Decorative Lighting

Close-to-ceiling
Pendant luminaires
Chandelier

Sconces

Table and floor lamps Vanity lights

Torchieres
 Accent Lighting Technique

• Should be located at
about 30 degrees off
vertical relative to focal
point
• Do not get too close to
wall -- normally 24”
minimum away
• Only use lighting systems
capable of hitting above
40 degrees (off vertical)
in special situations.
 Accent Lighting

• Living room, family room

• Dining room
• Foyer
• Hallways/prime art
locations
• Art niches
• Master bedroom
• Art lights
• Powder rooms
 Lighting Controls
• Switch – is a control device that turns lights on and off. The
two most common switches types are toggle and decora
(paddle).
• Timer switch – is a switch that turns lights off automatically
after a certain period.
• Occupational sensors – are automatic switches that turn
lights on when motion is detected and leave them on until
some designated time after the last motion occurs.
• Dimmers – are control devices that vary the light level and
power to lights.
• Daylighting Controls – feature photoelectric sensors that
turn lights off or dim when there is sufficient daylight.
 Lighting Controls

Toggle Paddle Wall mounted Ceiling mounted

Switch Switch sensors sensors
Rotary Dimmer

Slide Dimmer Slide Dimmer Paddle Switch

With Rocker Photoelectric
With Push with Slide
Switch Sensor
Button Switch Dimmer
 Lighting Control

Symbols Switches
S single pole switch
S2 or 2S two (2) gang single pole switch
S3 or 3S three (3) gang single pole switch
S3W three-way switch
S4W four-way switch
THANK
YOU.