CI6057 –SOIL DYNAMICS

HOMEWORK 9

Instructor: Prof. Huang Jin - Hung Student Name: BUI VAN BINH
Chinese Name: 裴 文 斌
Student ID number: 106382607

- TAIWAN, 12/2018 -
CI6057 SOIL DYNAMICS

The simplified method to estimate cyclic shear stress:

τcyc = 0.65τmax,e = 0.65τmax,r rd

τcyc = 0.65ρ. h. amax . rd

amax
τcyc = 0.65ρ. h. g. . rd
g
𝐚𝐦𝐚𝐱
𝛕𝐜𝐲𝐜 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟓 . 𝝈𝒗 . 𝐫𝐝
𝐠
The Cyclic resistance ratio (CRR7.5) was proposed by Robertson, Fear (1996) and Seed
at el (1985) as follows:
95 (𝑁1 )∗60 1
100 ∗ 𝐶𝑅𝑅7.5 = + −
34 − (𝑁1 )∗60 1.3 2
Where: CRR7.5: the cyclic resistance ratio corresponding to the EQ magnitude 7.5.
The Cyclic resistance ratio (CRR) corresponding to the EQ magnitude is calculated as
follows:
CRR = CRR7.5*MSF
Where: MSF: the correction factor of earthquake magnitude.
According to EPOLLS, MSF is calculated the following:
Mw < 7.0 MSF = 103.00*Mw-3.46
Mw ≥ 7.0 MSF = 102.24*Mw-2.56
(N1)*60: the corrected SPT value. The corrected procedure is expressed as follows:
(N1)60 = CNCECBCRCSNm
Where:
Nm: the measured blow count,
CE: the energy ratio correction factor, in which the blow count for an energy ratio of
60%;
CB: the correction factor for borehole diameter;
CR: the correction factor for rod length;
CS: the correction factor for a sampler.
CN: the correction factor for overburden.
𝑃𝑎
𝐶𝑁 = √ ′
≤ 2.0
𝜎𝑣𝑜
′
Where: 𝜎𝑣𝑜 : the effective overburden pressure;
Pa: the atmospheric pressure, Pa = 101.325 kpa.

Factor Description

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BUI VAN BINH - 106382607
CI - 6057 Soil Dynamics

Energy ratio Energy measurement are required to determine the delivered energy
ratios for to calibrate the specific equipment being used. The
correction factor is then computed as:
𝐸𝑅𝑚
𝐶𝐸 =
60
Where: ERm: is the measured energy ratio as a percentage of the
theoretical maximum.
Empirical estimates of CE (for road lengths of 10m or more) involve
considerable uncertainty, as reflected by the following ranges:
Doughnut hammer: CE = 0.1 – 1.0
Safety hammer: CE = 0.7 – 1.2
Automatic triphammer: CE = 0.8 – 1.3
(Seed et al. 1984, Skempton 1986, NCEER 1997)
Borehole Borehole diameter of 65 – 115mm: CB = 1.0
Borehole diameter of 150mm: CB = 1.05
Borehole diameter of 200mm: CB = 1.15
(Skempton 1986)
Rod length Where the ERm is based on rod lengths of 10 m or more, the ER
delivered with shorter rod lengths may be smaller.
Recommended values from Youd et al. (2001) are as follows:
Rod length < 3 m CR = 0.75
Rod length 3–4 m CR = 0.80
Rod length 4–6 m CR = 0.85
Rod length 6–10 m CR = 0.95
Rod length 10–30 m CR = 1.00
Sampler Standard split spoon without room for liners (the inside diameter is
a constant 13/8 in.), CS = 1.0.
Split-spoon sampler with room for liners but with the liners absent
(this increases the inside diameter to 11/2 in. behind the driving
shoe):
Cs = 1.1 for (N1 )60 ≤ 10
(N1 )60
Cs = 1 + for 10 ≤ (N1 )60 ≤ 30
100
Cs = 1.3 for (N1 )60 ≥ 60
(from Seed et al. 1984, equation by Seed et al. 2001)
After that, N1,60 has to be corrected according to the grain fine content as the following
equation:
N1,60cs = N1.60 + N1.60
where, N1.60 is estimated as follows:
FC ≤ 5% N1.60 = 0.0
5 < FC < 35% N1.60 = 7*(FC-5)/30
FC ≥ 35% N1.60 = 7.0
+ The Factor of safety:

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BUI VAN BINH - 106382607
 CI - 6057 Soil Dynamics
𝐂𝐑𝐑 𝛕𝐜𝐲𝐜,𝐋
𝐅𝐒 = =
𝐂𝐒𝐑 𝛕𝐜𝐲𝐜
Assume that the earthquake magnitude, Mw is 6.5, the maximum horizontal acceleration,
amax is 0.25g. The unit weight of upper layer is 17.5 kN/m3 and saturated unit weight of
lower layer is 17.59 kN/m3. The grain fine content (FC) is less than 5%. The result of
evaluating liquefaction potential is expressed as follows:
Where the correction factors of SPT values are chosen as follows:
CE 0.9 Safety hammer
CB 1.05 Borehole diameter 130mm
CR 0.85 Rod length 4 – 6m
CS 1

N
Z rd v0 'v0 cyc CSRL (SPT) CN (N1)60 (N1)*60 CRR7.5 CRR cycL FS
1 0.995 17.50 17.50 2.830 0.162 8 2.00 12.85 12.852 0.139 0.214 3.738 1.321
2 0.99 35.00 35.00 5.631 0.161 13 2.00 20.88 20.885 0.228 0.351 12.288 2.182
3 0.983 52.78 42.78 8.431 0.197 15 1.54 18.54 18.542 0.199 0.306 13.111 1.555
4 0.977 70.38 50.57 11.173 0.221 10 1.42 11.37 11.370 0.124 0.192 9.687 0.867
5 0.97 87.97 58.35 13.866 0.238 9 1.32 9.53 9.526 0.107 0.165 9.619 0.694
6 0.962 105.56 66.14 16.502 0.250 14 1.24 13.92 13.919 0.149 0.230 15.207 0.922
7 0.953 123.16 73.92 19.072 0.258 12 1.17 11.29 11.285 0.124 0.190 14.067 0.738
8 0.942 140.75 81.70 21.545 0.264 12 1.11 10.73 10.734 0.118 0.182 14.891 0.691
9 0.929 158.34 89.49 23.904 0.267 10 1.06 8.55 8.547 0.098 0.151 13.509 0.565
10 0.913 175.94 97.27 26.103 0.268 15 1.02 12.30 12.297 0.133 0.205 19.969 0.765
11 0.891 193.53 105.05 28.021 0.267 13 0.98 10.26 10.255 0.114 0.175 18.418 0.657
12 0.868 211.13 112.84 29.779 0.264 17 0.95 12.94 12.940 0.140 0.215 24.255 0.814
13 0.841 228.72 120.62 31.257 0.259 26 0.92 19.14 19.141 0.206 0.317 38.281 1.225
14 0.817 246.31 128.41 32.701 0.255 20 0.89 14.27 14.271 0.153 0.235 30.227 0.924
15 0.776 263.91 136.19 33.279 0.244 33 0.86 22.86 22.864 0.256 0.394 53.705 1.614
16 0.745 281.50 143.97 34.079 0.237 25 0.84 16.85 16.846 0.180 0.277 39.884 1.170
17 0.711 299.10 151.76 34.557 0.228 27 0.82 17.72 17.721 0.190 0.292 44.308 1.282
18 0.678 316.69 159.54 34.891 0.219 29 0.80 18.56 18.564 0.199 0.307 48.955 1.403
19 0.648 334.28 167.33 35.200 0.210 25 0.78 15.63 15.627 0.167 0.257 42.990 1.221
20 0.628 351.88 175.11 35.909 0.205 35 0.76 21.39 21.386 0.235 0.361 63.293 1.763

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BUI VAN BINH - 106382607
CI - 6057 Soil Dynamics

Factor of Safety
Shear stress, kPa 0 1 2 3
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0
0

Due to EQ
Required for liquefaction 5
5

10
10

Depth, m
Depth, m

15
15

20
20

25
25

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BUI VAN BINH - 106382607