Energy storing devices: - Capacitors and Inductors

Capacitors: - Capacitance is the property of circuit element or device which is

capable of storing of charge or energy in the electric field. It is two terminal device
and is used of storing energy. A capacitor consists of two plates separated by
nonconducting material like air, paper, oil, ceramic etc.

Between plates of capacitor, it stores energy in the form of electric field. When
voltage is removed it retain energy in between two plates. Therefore, energy stored
in the capacitor is equal to: -
1
E= C V 2
2

A capacitor whose characteristics passes through the origin is called as linear

capacitor.

Inductor: - Inductance is the property of the circuit element which is capable of

storing energy in a magnetic field. The circuit which shows is property is called
inductor. It is two terminal device and denoted by L symbol.
When electric current flows through inductor it stores energy in the form of
magnetic field. When voltage is removed a magnetic field exist in the coil of
inductor. Equation of energy stored in the inductor is: -
1 2
E= L I
2

It is linear time variant device and graph shown above.