So, Krishyra B.

BSPT
INTERN02 UPPER EXTREMITY CONDITIONS 2

Condition Definition Etiology Epidemiology Pathophysiology Signs & Symptoms Complications PT Assessment PT DDx Medical Mx &
Management Assessment
Lateral & LE (tennis): LE: Repetitive wrist LE > ME Overuse, repetitive LE: Pain @ elbow, - Chronic pain LE: ROM, MMT Acute: Correlate c - X-ray (bones)
Medial Inflammation of extension, Strong grip c movements -> Decreased grip, Diff. - Chronic LOM Cozen’s - Pain other - CT Scans
Epicondylitis ECRB tendon wrist extended irritation of tendon - holding a cup - Tendon rupture Mill’s management conditions (bones & soft
> injury ME: Pain @ elbow c Maudsleys - Gentle tissues) less
ME (golfer’s): ME: Overuse: baseball, forced wrist ext & flex, DASH mobilization detailed than
Inflammation of pitching, golf swings, Tenderness, - Isometrics MRI
Pronator Teres & Strong grip c excessive Swelling, Decreased ME: ROM, MMT - MRI (soft
FCR tendons pronation grip Medial Sub-acute: tissues, organs,
Epicondylitis - Continued pain blood vessels,
Test management ligaments) in
DASH - Progressive detail, used to
stretching rule out
- PREs diseases if
doctor suspects
Chronic: any further
- Continued pain
management (if Conservative
any) treatment – less
- Stretching recovery time
towards end
range
- PREs
- Functional
training

Pulled & Pulled Elbow / Pulled Elbow: Axial Pulled Elbow: Pulled elbow: Axial - LOM d/t pain - Laxity, instability - Outcome Acute: Correlate c ***Reduction
Pushed Nursemaid’s traction F>M traction force c - Affected arm measure: - Pain other
Elbow Elbow / Radial 1 – 4 y.o forearm pronated & supported by C/L arm DASH, Quick management conditions - X-ray (bones)
Head Pushed Elbow: elbow extended - Tenderness at the DASH - Gentle - CT Scans
Subluxation Falls Pushed Elbow: head of the radius mobilization (bones & soft
- Condition where Contact sports M>F Pushed elbow: - Apprehension - Isometrics tissues) less
the radius slips Sports related Axial force c detailed than
out of place from outstretched hand Sub-acute: MRI
where it normally - Continued pain - MRI (soft
attaches to the management tissues, organs,
elbow joint - Progressive blood vessels,
stretching ligaments) in
Pushed Elbow - PREs detail, used to
- Any abrupt force rule out
distributed to the Chronic: diseases if
hand or the wrist - Continued pain doctor suspects
region after a management (if any further
person falls or any)
loses balance - Stretching Conservative
towards end treatment – less
range recovery time
So, Krishyra B. BSPT
INTERN02 UPPER EXTREMITY CONDITIONS 2

- PREs
- Functional
training

Olecranon Refers to the - Trauma Common, no sex or racial Trauma/infection/infl - Focal swelling of Can be - OI - RICE (rest, - Conservative:As
Bursitis inflammation of - Sports injuries disposition ammatory posterior elbow associated with - ROM icing, Rheumatoid pirate taken to
the bursa of the - Inoculation conditions -> (sometimes painless) conditions such as - MMT compression, arthritis lab for
elbow joint inflammation of - Goose Egg rheumatoid - Palpation elevation) - Gout microscopy
bursa -> inc. fluid in - Pain exacerbated by arthritis, psoriatic - Reduce pain - Overuse
the bursa -> marked pressure onto arthritis, gout, and injuries Corticosteroid
round swelling swelling renal cell inflammation - Olecranon injections
- Frequent bumping carcinoma - Mobility fracture
exercises - Triceps Surgical:
- Strengthening tendon Bursectomy
exercises avulsion
Carpal Compression of - Compression d/t F>M - Inflammation d/t - Numbness, tingling, - Permanent - Phalen’s test ***Ergonomics, - Cervical Conservative:
Tunnel median nerve inflammation underlying pain of the median neurological - Reverse medial nerve Radiculopath PT rehab,
Syndrome conditions -> nerve distribution impairment Phalent’s Test gliding y corticosteroids,
compression -> Sx - Atrophy - Tinel’s sign - Pronator NSAIDS
of CTS - Hand elevation Teres
test Syndrome Surgical: nerve
decompression
Trigger Catching or - Gout, thyroid diseases F>M Synovial tissue - Finger stiffness - Finger deformity - DASH - RICE Correlate c Conservative:
Finger locking when the - Trauma MC among 40+ y.o inflamed -> unable - Pain or discomfort - Recurrence - Grip strength - Splinting other NSAIDs,
finger is bent or to smoothly glide - Clicking or popping - Tendon conditions steroids
straightened. through A1 pulley -> presentation blocking, tendon
catch or lock - Finger locking or gliding Surgical:
catching Release of A1
- Finger or thumb pulley
swelling
- Grip weakness
De Inflammation of - Overuse - 40-50 y.o Trauma or overuse - Pain & swelling over - Neurovascular - Finkelstein Acute: Correlate c Conservative:
Quervain’s the tendons at the - Hx of medial or lateral -> inflammation -> thumb side of wrist injury Test - Pain other NSAIDs,
Disease thumb epicondylitis entrapment - Catching or - Recurrence management conditions corticosteroids,
snapping sensation - Gentle thumb spica
- LOM mobilization
- Isometrics Surgical:
Decompression
Sub-acute:
- Continued pain
management
- Progressive
stretching
- PREs

Chronic:
- Continued pain
management (if
So, Krishyra B. BSPT
INTERN02 UPPER EXTREMITY CONDITIONS 2

any)
- Stretching
towards end
range
- PREs
- Functional
training

Dupuytren’s Caused by - Genetics -M>F Palmar fascia - Progressive - Permanent - OI - Patient Correlate c - X-ray (bones)
Contracture thickening or - Associated c DM, - Occurs after 40 thickens & contracts thickening, tightening disfiguration - Palpation education other - CT Scans
tightening of the seizures, smoking, -> pulls on tendons, - LOM - ROM - ROMEs conditions (bones & soft
th th
tissue (4 & 5 ) alcoholism, HIV ligaments -> - Pain - Grip strength - Splinting tissues) less
contracture - Difficulty grasping - PS - GPS detailed than
- History taking - ES MRI
- DASH - Gripping exs - MRI (soft
- Tissue tissues, organs,
mobilization blood vessels,
- Joint ligaments) in
mobilization detail, used to
- MFR rule out
diseases if
doctor suspects
any further

Conservative
treatment – less
recovery time

Surgical tx –
resectioning,
fasciotomy
Jersey Finger injury to - Forceful extension of - Young athletes - Catching of the - Inability to actively - Neurovascular - OI - Tendon gliding Correlate c - X-ray (bones)
Finger the FDP tendon a flexed DIP -M>F finger in a strong flex DIP damage - Palpation - Grasping ex. other - CT Scans
fabric of another - Pain over DIP - Adhesion - ROM conditions (bones & soft
player - Unable to make a formation - Grip strength tissues) less
fist - PS detailed than
- History taking MRI
- DASH - MRI (soft
tissues, organs,
blood vessels,
ligaments) in
detail, used to
rule out
diseases if
doctor suspects
any further

Conservative
So, Krishyra B. BSPT
INTERN02 UPPER EXTREMITY CONDITIONS 2

treatment – less
recovery time

Surgical tx –
tendon re-
attachment

Mallet Finger Injury to distal - Forceful flexion of an -M>F - High velocity - Inability to actively - Residual - OI - Mobilization c Correlate c - X-ray (bones)
extenser tendon extended DIP - Ball sports trauma -> forceful straighten the DIP extensor lag - Palpation splinting other - CT Scans
- Workplace oint - ROM conditions (bones & soft
- Pain over DIP - Grip strength tissues) less
- PS detailed than
- History taking MRI
- DASH - MRI (soft
tissues, organs,
blood vessels,
ligaments) in
detail, used to
rule out
diseases if
doctor suspects
any further

Conservative
treatment – less
recovery time

Surgical tx –
tendon re-
attachment

Avascular AVN of the lunate - Trauma (disrupted - Trauma/lack of blood - Trauma/lack of - Constant pain - Collapse of bone - OI - Maintain joint Correlate c -
Necrosis blood supply) supply -> death of bone blood supply -> - LOM - Severe arthritis - Palpation mobility & other Biphosphonates
- Prolonged medication tissue -> collapse of bone death of bone tissue - Vascular signs & sx - ROM strength conditions - NSAIDs
- Alcohol -> collapse of bone - Grip strength - Control pain & - Pain
- PS swelling medication
- History taking
- DASH
Swan Neck & Swan Neck: PIP Swan Neck: Lateral - Populations c RA -> lateral slip - Inability to close the - Prolonged - OI - Edema & pain Correlate c - Pain
Boutonniere jt. hypertext. C slip subluxation diagnosed RA subluxation/injury to hand deformity - Palpation control other medications
DIP flex. central slip -> - Swelling of affected - ROM - Splinting conditions - Repair of
Boutonniere: Injury to deformity joints - Grip strength - Tendon lateral slip or
Boutonniere: PIP central slip - Tenderness - PS exercises central slip
& DIP flexion, - History taking
MCP - DASH
hyperextension
Heberden & Heberden: bony - Wear & tear F>M OA -> tissue - Pain - Prolonged pain - OI - Edema & pain Correlate c - Pain
Bouchard swelling of DIP - OA/RA changes -> bone - Stiffness on affected - Neurovascular - Palpation control other medications
So, Krishyra B. BSPT
INTERN02 UPPER EXTREMITY CONDITIONS 2

Bouchard: Bony changes areas injury - ROM - Splinting conditions - Surgical

swelling of PIP - Cracking, deep - Grip strength - Tendon removal of
crunching - PS exercises nodes, joint
- History taking fusion, etc.
- DASH