Pkjjp Xrcfdfdo
 Cdcstcsfc Dchyc
Dchyc @., E.^sf., ^sfmikio
Pykvfc Cdojkfmc, E.^sf., ^sfmikio
 

PKJJ^ FP FE^I\XCDX
Xfhur ejrupcmcd mjlutubcd lfikiofs ycdo pjdtfdo hcd bcrus hfpjdubf sjtfcp
ecdusfc.

Muckftcs tfhur ycdo lurum ejdyjlclmcd7

- Mjkjkcbcd
- Eiih ycdo tjrocdoou. Cdcm ejdgchf euhcb tjrsfdooudo ctcu ecrcb.
- ^jrairec sisfck hcd cmchjefm tjrocdoou. Cdcm ycdo murcdo tfhur `jdhjrudo
kjlfb bfpjrcmtfa hcd corjsfa.
-  Cdcm ejdgchf kjlfb
kjlfb rjwjk, ejefkfmf mjtcmutcd, hc
hcd
d sukft ljrchcptcsf.
- Miirhfdcsf tcdocd hcd ectc tjrocdoou.
- Ejdfdomctmcd bireid strjs.
 

HZ\CPF XFHZ\ CDCM

^jrmfrccd hurcsf tfhur cdcm (tjrecsum gce tfhur sfcdo hcd eckce)
Zs f c Hu r cs f Xf h u r (G ce )

> - < e f doou 31-32

3 - 0 luk cd 3: - 31

0 - 1 luk cd 38 - 3:

1 - 3< lukcd 30 - 38
3 - < tcbud 30

< - 0 tcbud 3<

0 - : tcbud 33
 

 C^C FXZ
FXZ PKJJ^ X
X\CFDFDO9
\CFDFDO9

Ptrctjof ycdo hfoudcmcd udtum

ejdocgcrmcd cdcm cocr hcpct

tfhur hjdocd sjdhfrfdyc scct

suhcb ejecsumf gce tfhur
hcd/ctcu cdcm mjelckf tfhur
mjtfmc fc tjrlcdoud
 

MC^CD EJEZKCF PKJJ^ X\CFDFDO9

- Pkjjp trcfdfdo hcpct hfkcmumcd sjgcm cdcm ecsfb
lcyf (1 lukcd)
- Pkjjp trcfdfdo hcpct hfeukcf mjtfmc suhcb ejrcsc7
- Mjlfcsccd tfhur cdcm hfcdoocp suhcb ejdgchf ecsckcb
udtum ircdotuc.
-  Cdcm mjsukftcd udtum tjrtfhur
tjrtfhur hf eckce bcrf
-  Cdcm sjrfdomckf tjrlcdoud
tjrlcdoud scct tfhur 

-  Cdcm ejdockcef mjsukftcd

mjsukftcd tfhur hcd sjrfdomckf tjrlcdoud
 

PKJJ^ X\CFDFDO & BJCKXBV PKJJ^

- Pkjjp trcfdfdo hcpct ejelcdtu cdcm udtum ejd`cpcf bjcktby
skjjp
- Bjcktby skjjp ejrupcmcd fstfkcb ycdo ejdoocelcrmcd lcbwc
cdcm ejefkfmf muckftcs tfhur ycdo `umup. Bck fdf ejd`cmup hurcsf

tfhur cdcm,
ejdjrus tfhur
ctcu sfcdo,gchwck
tfhcm), ‛mjkcd`crcd―
gchwc k tfhur hcdtfhur cdcm
wcmtu (tjrlcdoud
tfhur cdcm, hcdtjrus
midsfstjdsf
 

EJXIHJ PKJJ^ X\CFDFDO

3. @ryfdo ft iut / Fodirj ft
Ejdocgcrmcd lcyf / cdcm udtum tfhur tcdpc lcdtucd ircdotuc. Mjtfmc lcyf ejdcdofs, ircdotuc
ejelfcrmcddyc hcd tfhcm ejkcmumcd cpcpud.

<. FFodir
odir j lut `bj`m
Ircdotuc ejkcmumcd rutfdftcs tfhur ycdo dycecd, mjeuhfcd ejdfdoockmcd lcyf sjdhfrf. Gfmc cdcm
ejdcdofs, ircdotuc ejelfcrmcddyc, dceud ircdotuc ejdoj`jm midhfsf lcyf pchc fdtjrvck wcmtu
tjrtjdtu, efsckdyc pjdoj`jmcd pjrtcec pchc : ejdft, pjdoj`jmcd mjhuc 3> ejdft, mjeuhfcd 3:
ejdft, hst.

0. FFodir
odir j ft lut lj tb jrj
Ircdotuc ejdjecdf lcyf udtum tfhur. Gfmc lcyf ejdcdofs, ircdotuc ejelfcrmcd lcyf ejdjdcdomcd
hfrfdyc sjdhfrf hcd tfhcm ejkcmumcd cpcpud. Ejtihj fdf hcpct ejelfdoudomcd udtum lcyf mcrjdc fc
ejrcsc ircdotuc ljrchc hf hjmctdyc, dceud tfhcm ejeljrfmcd rcsc tjdcdo.
 

EJXIHJ PKJJ^ X\CFDFDO

8. Ppkfttfdo f t up
Ircdotuc ejkcmumcd rutfdftcs tfhur pchc cdcm hcd ejelfcrmcd cdcm udtum tfhur. Ircdotuc ejdoj`jm
cdcm hjdocd fdtjrvck tjrtjdtu. Gfmc cdcm ejdcdofs, ircdotuc ejdjdcdomcd cdcm (ecec chc hf sfdf,
tjdcdokcb), mjtfmc cdcm suhcb eukcf
e ukcf lfsc ejdjdcdomcd hfrfdyc, wcmtu ejdoj`jm sjecmfd pcdgcdo.

:. P`bjhukjh cwcmjdfdo
Ircdotuc ejelcdoudmcd cdcm scct cdcm tjrtfhur pchc wcmtu tjrtjdtu. Ejtihj fdf hfpjr`cyc hcpct
ejeluct cdcm hcpct tfhur hjdocd sjdhfrfdyc sjpcdgcdo eckce. Zdtum cdcm ycdo sjrfdo tjrlcdoud hf
eckce bcrf, ircdotuc ejelcdoudmcd cdcm sjljkue gce fc lcdoud. Pcct cdcm tjrlcdoud, ircdotuc
hcpct ejkcmumcd bck ycdo ejeluct lcyf dycecd sjbfdooc fc lfsc tjrtfhur mjelckf.

1. Ljhtfej
Ljhtfej riu tfdjs
Kcmumcd rutfdftcs sjljkue tfhur cocr lcyf ejdojtcbuf pikc ycdo tjrljdtum sjljkue tfhur. Mjtfmc rutfdftcs
tjrljdtum, lcyf cmcd ejdjdcdomcd hfrf hcd ejdyfcpmcd hfrf udtum tfhur. Chcdyc mjlfcsccd tfhur ycdo
pisftfa ejeluct lcyf hcpct tfhur hjdocd lcfm.
 

EJXIHJ PKJJ^ X\CFDFDO

?. @i-skjjpfdo
@i-skjjpfdo ljrcrtf tfhur ljrscec lcyf hf sctu rcdgcdo ycdo scec. Ljljrcpc luhcyc ejdjrcpmcd `i-
skjjpfdo mcrjdc ejrcsc kjlfb cecd gfmc tfhur hf hjmct lcyf.

2. ^jrsfs
^jrsfs tjdt Ojdtkj \jeivck Pystje / tjcr arjj
ar jj
Ejtihj ycdo ljrsfact kjelut.
kje lut. Ircdotuc ljlcs ejkcmumcd fdtjrvjdsf cpcpud udtum ejdjdcdomcd lcyf,
dceud ejtihj fdf hcpct ejdfelukmcd ecsckcb tfhur pchc cdcm. @idtibdyc mjtfmc cdcm tjrlcdoud,
ircdotuc ejdjdcdomcd cdcm hjdocd ejdoojdhidodyc. Bck tjrsjlut ejeluct ircdotuc cmcd mjsukftcd
ejdobjdtfmcd pjrfkcmu ejdoojdhido udtum ejeluct cdcm hcpct tjrtfhur sjdhfrf.

6. _cft
_cft ft iut
Ejdooudcmcd mjsclcrcd cocr cdcm hcpct ljkcgcr udtum tfhur sjdhfrf. Ircdotuc ejrjspid lcyf hjdocd
ejkcmumcd bck ycdo dycecd cocr lcyf hcpct tjrtfhur. Mjtfmc lcyf ejdcdofs, ircdotuc ejelfcrmcddyc

tjrkjlfb hcbuku cocr lcyf ljkcgcr ejdjdcdomcd hfrfdyc hcd ejd`crf `crc udtum tjrtfhur sjdhfrf.
 

PKJJ^
PKJJ^ X\
X\CFDF
CFDFDO
DO CDC
CDCM
M ZPF
ZPFC
C 3 - 0 XCB
XCBZD
ZD
Ljrfmut ejrupcmcd ljljrcpc `crc ycdo hcpct hfoudcmcd cocr cdcm hcpct tfhur hf eckce bcrf7
- ^cstfm
^cstfmcd
cd lcbwc
lcbwc cdcm
cdcm tfhur
tfhur sfcdo
sfcdo.. Xfhur
Xfhur sfcdo
sfcdo ejdgch
ejdgchff bck ycdo
ycdo `umup
`umup pjdtfd
pjdtfdo pchc ecsc tihhkjr .
o pchc
Gfmc cdcm tfhcm ejdhcpctmcd tfhur ycdo `umup pchc sfcdo bcrf, ecmc cdcm ejefkfmf pjkucdo udtum
ejdockcef mjsukftcd tfhur hf eckce bcrf
- Luct
Luct gchw
chwck rurutf
tfdf
dftc
tcs
s pchc cdcm.. Xihhkjr cmcd ljkcgcr ejkckuf rutfdftcs hcd pikc ycdo suhcb
pchc cdcm
tjrljdtum
- Gfmc
Gfmc irc
ircdotu
dotucc ejdj
ejdjrrcpmc d `i-skjjpfdo (tfhur ljrscec hod cdcm pchc tjepct tfhur ycdo scec),
cpmcd
ecmc pjrku luct sucscdc tfhur ejdyjdcdomcd, sjpjrtf cdcm ejefkfmf tjepct tfhur ycdo ljscr.
Pjkcfd ftu, kcdomcb cwck guoc lfsc hfkcmumcd hjdocd ejefscbmcd tjepct tfhur ircdotuc hcd cdcm,

dceud mjhucdyc
tfhur sjdhfrf ljrchc hcd
hf mcecrdyc hf mcecr ycdo scec.
lfsc hfeukcf Gfmc sfcdo
hcrf tfhur cdcm ejrcsc
e jrcsc dycecd, pjkcd-pjkcd cgcrmcd cdcm
 

PKJJ^
PKJJ^ X\
X\CFDF
CFDFDO
DO CDC
CDCM
M ZPF
ZPFC
C 0 - 2 XCB
XCBZD
ZD
Ljrfmut ejrupcmcd ljljrcpc `crc ycdo hcpct hfoudcmcd cocr cdcm hcpct tfhur hf mcecr sjdhfrf7
- Kjtc
Kjtcmm
mmcd
cd ecfdc
ecfdcd d / ilgj
ilgjm
m ycd
ycdo ohhfs
fsum
umcf
cfdy
dyc
c
- Pucscd
Pucscdcc hf
hf ruecb
ruecb tjdcdo
tjdcdo,, tjrut
tjrutcec
cec scct
scct ejecs
ejecsumfumf gce tfh
tfhur
ur cdcm
cdcm
- Ejecbc
Ejecbcefef mjtcmu
mjtcmutcd
tcd cdcm
cdcm tjrmc
tjrmcft
ft hjdo
hjdocd
cd tfhur
tfhur sjdh
sjdhfrf
frfcd
cd hf mcecr 
mcecr 
- Ljrfmcd
Ljrfmcd cprjsf
cprjsfcsf
csf pchc
pchc cdcm mcrjdc
mcrjdc suhcb ljrcdf
ljrcdf ejd`ilc
ejd`ilc udtum tfhur sjdhfrf.
sjdhfrf. Cpclfkc
Cpclfkc cdcm ljkue
ljrbcsfk, gcdocd ejdobumue ejkcfdmcd ejdjdcdomcd hcd ejd`ilcdyc mjelckf. Xjrus ljrfmcd
cprjsfcsf sjtfcp mckf cdcm ejd`ilc
- Gfmc
Gfmc cdcm ejdoc
ejdockcef
kcef efepf
efepf lurum,
lurum, ecmc
ecmc ircdotu
ircdotuc
c hcpct
hcpct ejdjdcdo
ejdjdcdomcd
mcd cdcm,
cdcm, bfdhcr
bfdhcrff bck-bck
bck-bck ycdo
ycdo
hcpct ejef`u efepf lurum (sjpjrtf `jrftc ejdyjrcemcd, pjrecfdcd ycdo ejdyjrcemcd)
 

XF^P EJKCMZMCD PKJJ^ X\CFDFDO

- Xjdtumcd pjrecsckcbcd tfhur pchc cdcm, sjbfdooc ircdotuc ecepu
ejdocdckfsc ejtihj skjjp trcfdfdo cpc ycdo hcpct hftjrcpmcd
- Ejeluct gchwck udtum mjofctcd sjbcrf-bcrf
- Ejelcdtu lcyf / cdcm ejeljhcmcd sfcdo hcd eckce
- Ejeluct rutfdftcs ycdo rfkjms hcd pisftfa sjljkue tfhur (sjpjrtf ejelc`c
`jrftc, ejdhjdocr kcou, hkk)

- Midsfstjd hjdocd ejtihj skjjp trcfdfdo ycdo hftjrcpmcd

 

\JAJ\JDPF
Lurdbce, E., & Kcwkjr, G. (<>>1). Pkjjp Xrcfdfdo air Viur @bfkh. Djw Virm, DV7
 Ckpbc Liims

Bioo, X., & Lkcu, E. (<>>:). Pkjjp, ^itty Xrcfdfdo, cdh Lrjcstajjhfdo. Djw Virm,
DV7 Ctrfc Liims

_jfsslkutb, E. (d.h). Bjcktby Pkjjp Bclfts, Bcppy Xwfds7 C Ptjp ly Ptjp

^riorce air Pkjjp-Xrcfdfdo Viur Euktfpkjs. Djw Virm, DV7 Lckkcdtfdj Liims.