Science Holiday Homework

Q.1 Name the 9 river stretches that are polluted in Uttarakhand

Ans. The Nine polluted river stretches of Uttarakhand are as follows:

1. Bhela
2. Dhela
3. Suswa
4. Kichha
5. Kalyani
6. Ganga
7. Kosi
8. Nandhor
9. Pilakhar

Q.2 Write in detail what the causes are and how it affects the lives of people living nearby.

Ans. There are many causes of water pollution. Some of them are listed below:

1. Industrialization and Urbanization: Urbanization and Industrialization lead to chemicals and solid
waste being directly dumped into the water without treatment. This damages the water quality.
2. Fertilizers: A lot of Fertilizers and Pesticides are being used in farming and these chemicals are
absorbed into the ground and runoff to the water.
3. Sewage: Due to lack of sewage facilities in Uttarakhand, the sewage is being directly transported
to rivers.
4. Spiritual Bathing: During Important days and celebrations many people bathe in holy rivers like
Ganga. This is turn deteriorates the water quality.

These causes affect many people living in Uttarakhand. A lot of the water in these rivers are drank by
locals which cause them to be ill and have birth defects. The marine life also gets seriously affected
which in turn causes fishermen to have less catch.

Q.3. Write the chemical wastes responsible for the river pollution and what action plan has been taken
to control it?

Uttarakhand is beginning to modernize and therefore many industries and farms are opening up in
Uttarakhand. This then causes there to be chemicals in the river. Due to farming fertilizers and pesticides
end up in the river. Since most of these fertilizers are made up of nitrates and phosphates, these
elements end up in the river.

The government is taking action to stop pollution in polluted rivers. Making more sewage facilities,
taking action to control industrial pollution and making a door-to-door collection of solid wastes so they
don’t end up in the river are just a few actions the government is taking to stop pollution of river

Q.4Mention the elements and the symbols of these chemical wastes.

The following are elements found in the rivers of Uttarakhand and their symbols:
Iron- Fe

Chromium-Cr

Zinc-Zn

Copper-Cu

Manganese-Mn

Nickel-Ni

Lead-Pb

Mercury-Hg

Q.5 Write a case study on degradation of Taj Mahal’s marble due to river pollution.

Degradation Of Taj Mahal: A case study