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Principles of Management 2.21

1. Science not Rule of Thumb

According tothis principle, there should be scientific study and analysis of each element ofa
job, inorder to replace theold rule of thumb approach or hit andtrial method.
Taylor believed that there was only one best method to maximiseefficiency. This method can be
developed through study and analysis.
Scientific method involves investigation of traditional methods through work-study,
unifying the best practices and developing astandard method of work.
" The method so developed should substitute Rule of Thumb throughout the organisation.
"For instance, use of internet has brought about dramatic improvements in internal efficiencies
and customer satisfaction.
Example: Standard time or standard method for doing a task must be scientifically analysed and
should not be based on estimates, past experience or hit and trial method.
2. Harmony, Not Discord
Under the factory system of production, managers serve as a link between the owners and the
workers and they have to get work done from the workers. So, there always exists a possibility
of class-conflict, the management versus workers. Both the groups work as rivals of each other:
Workers feel that they are underpaid and management feels that workers are not putting the
required efforts. Taylor recognised that this conflict helped no one, and, therefore, the principle
of Harmony, Not Discord' came into existence.
According to this principle, there should be complete harmony and proper understanding
between management and workers and they should work togetherfor organisational goals.
. To get such harmonious relations, Taylor stressed on 'Mental Revolution', i.e. complete
change in their mental outlook.
" Both should give up their attitude of opposition and enmity
towards each other and should have a positive feeling for Production
each other.
" It means, that management and workers should transform
their thinking. In such a situation, even trade unions will
not think of going on strike.
According to Taylor, true interests of the management and
workers are one and the same and prosperity of organisation
depends upon prosperity of employer as well as employees.
Example: Instead of fighting over distribution of profits, they must Harmony, Not Discord
focus attention on increasing it. For this, workers should work hard Sharing of gains between
management and workers lead to
toraise the profits and management should share the increased complete harmony.
profits with workers.
 management m
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who and wage task paid of
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