2.

TYPE OF STUDY
A. ACCORDING TO THE ORGANISM
INVOLVED
B. ACCORDING TO LEVELS OF ORGANISM
WITHIN A GIVEN ORGANISM
B. PHYSIOLOGY
1. DEFINITION
2. TYPE OF STUDY
A. ACCORDING TO THE ORGANISM
INVOLVED
B. ACCORDING TO LEVELS OF
ORGANISM
WITHIN A GIVEN ORGANISM
PHYSIOLOGY- STUDY OF FUNCTIONS

• Types of human physiology

• Cell physiology. This is the cornerstone of human physiology; it is the
study of the functions of cells.

• Special physiology. This is the study of the functions of specific organs

• Systemic physiology
• Pathophysiology
•Human physiology is the science of how the
human body functions in health and disease.
• Claude Bernard--"the father of physiology"
•
Claude Bernard--"the father of physiology" -

• Herophilus is called the Father of Anatomy.

• Andreas Vesalius- Father of Modern anatomy
BRANCHES OF HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
• Physiology is generally divided into ten physiological organ systems:
• the cardiovascular system,
• the digestive system,
• the endocrine system,
• the immune system,
• the muscular system,
• the nervous system,
• the renal system,
• the reproductive system,
• the respiratory system, and
• the skeletal system.
LEVELS OF PHYSIOLOGY

•1. Molecular
•2. Cellular
•3. Organ systems
•A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two
or more atoms held together by chemical
bonds. Molecules are distinguished from ions by
their lack of electrical charge. [read more]

•Atoms are the basic units of matter and the

defining structure of elements. The term "atom"
comes from the Greek word for indivisible,
CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY

• Cellular physiology is concerned with the mechanism of transport of

nutrients, ions, and water into and out of the cell, as well as how cells
communicate with each other through signaling pathways, or respond to
external cues.

• Cell physiology is the biological study of the activities that take place in a
cell to keep it alive.
• The cell is the fundamental working unit of all organisms. In humans, cells
can be highly specialized in both structure and function; alternatively, cells
from different organs can share features and function.