BEARINGS

Geometry: Basic Trigonometry Ratios & Right Triangles
MaryAnn Archer, Brawley Union High School

Practice
Equivalent functions:
Sine 45˚ 34’ = .7140655111
= 1/ csc 45˚ 34’
FINAL PRESENTATION
Cosine 86˚ 18’= .06453230825
= 1/ sec 86˚ 18’
Tangent 67˚ 12’= 2.378905995
= 1/cot 67˚12’
CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology
Practice
Equivalent functions:
Cotangent 36˚ 58’= 1.328652375
= 1/tan 36˚58’
FINAL PRESENTATION
Secant 59˚ 46’= 1.986007875
= 1/cos 59˚ 46’
Cosecant 28˚ 47’= 2.076848605
= 1/sin 28˚ 47’
Car Buying Today… Rational Numbers
Applications of a Right Triangle
FINAL PRESENTATION
B
c
a
FINAL PRESENTATION
C A
b
To solve a right triangle means to
find the missing lengths of its sides
and the measurements of its angles.
Conditions where
MaryAnn Archer, Brawleywe
Unioncan solve for the remaining
High School
parts of the triangle.
1.given one acute angle and one side.
FINAL PRESENTATION
2. given the lengths of two sides.

A
B
B
c
4
FINAL PRESENTATION
C b A
B

Exercise # 1
If b = 6 and B= 65 °, find the remaining parts of
the triangle.
A
FINAL PRESENTATION
A
B C
Exercise # 2
If d = 7.8 and M = 55 ° 24’, find the remaining
M
FINAL PRESENTATION
A
D d
Q CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology D

Exercise # 3
If q = 8.8 and M = 34 ° 56’, find the remaining
M
FINAL PRESENTATION
A
D d
Q CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology D

Exercise # 4
If a = 8 and b = 5, find the remaining parts
of the triangle.
FINAL PRESENTATION
A
A
B C
Exercise # 5
If h = 9.5 and f = 5, find the remaining parts
of the triangle.
S
FINAL PRESENTATION
A
CTAP
H310 Teaching with Technology F
Applications of Right Triangles
Angle of Elevation
-is the angle
which the line of
FINAL PRESENTATION
sight makes with
the horizontal
when the
observer is
looking up.
Applications of Right Triangles
Angle of Depression
- is the angle which
FINAL PRESENTATION
the line of sight
makes with the
horizontal when the
observer is looking
down.
FINAL PRESENTATION
Angle of Elevation
Li
ne
of
sig
ht
FINAL PRESENTATION
θ
Horizontal line
Angle of Elevation
FINAL PRESENTATION
θ

h t
s ig
f
ineo
L
FINAL PRESENTATION
Horizontal line

h t
sig
FINAL PRESENTATION
of
n e
Li
Horizontal line

Example 1: Problem
■ Bob is standing 80 m from the base of a
building. When he looks up at a 25° he sees
the top of the build. What is the building’s
height?
FINAL PRESENTATION
Tan 25° =
Height 80m
(Tan 25°) = Height
80m
(Tan 25°)(80) = Height
Height = 37.3 m CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

Mdpn. Lacson is 15 m away

from a flagpole. The
angle of elevation from where
he is to the top of the flagpole
FINAL PRESENTATION
is 27 degrees. How high is the
flagpole?

FINAL PRESENTATION
x
27 ˚
15 m

The angle of depression from a lighthouse

to a sailboat is 15o20’. If the lighthouse is
150 ft tall, how far is the sailboat from the
observer?
FINAL PRESENTATION
15o20’
x
150 ft.
15o20’

From the top of the cliff,

106 ft. above sea level, the
angle of depression of a
FINAL PRESENTATION
vessel is 21° . How far is
the ship from the base of
the cliff?

21˚
FINAL PRESENTATION
106 ft.
x
Bearing
-is the compass direction of
one point in relation to
another.
FINAL PRESENTATION
Bearing
2 common system of stating the
direction or bearing of an object:
FINAL PRESENTATION
1. North-South Axis (old system)
2. True North (new system)

Bearing Application Problems
Bearings are expressed using one of two methods:
Method 1: (A single angle is Method 2: (Directions and angle
given in degrees) 220º are given) S 40º W
-- Measure the angle in a -- Start with North/South Line
FINAL PRESENTATION
‘clockwise’ direction from North -- Use an acute angle to show
direction either east or west from
the line.
220º
40º
OLD System
N
N-W Quadrant N-E Quadrant
FINAL PRESENTATION
W E
S-W Quadrant S-E Quadrant
SCTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

OLD System
N
58°
FINAL PRESENTATION
56° 18’
W E
23° 45’
63° 32’
S CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

Bearing
■ Direction or Bearing from a point O to a

point P : Acute angle µ between the ray OP
and the vertical line through O
FINAL PRESENTATION
New System
N
000º
FINAL PRESENTATION
270º 090º
180ºCTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

New System to Old System
N
Given: 275˚ T 000º
Given: 065˚ T
360˚ - Given
360˚ - 275˚ = N 65˚ E
N 85˚ W
FINAL PRESENTATION
270º 090º
Given: 200˚ T Given: 165˚ T
Given - 180˚ 180˚ - given

200˚ - 180˚ = 180˚ - 165˚ =
S 20˚ W S 15˚ E
180ºCTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

OLD System to New System
Given: N 28˚ 56’ W
N
Given: N 70˚ E
360˚ - given
360˚ - 28˚ 56’ = 070˚ T
331˚4’ T
FINAL PRESENTATION
W E
Given: S 30˚ 15’W
Given: S 60˚ E
180˚ + given
180˚ - given
180˚ + 30˚ 15’
180˚ - 60˚
210˚ 15’ T
120˚ T
SCTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

Bearing Application Problems

Bearings are expressed using one of two methods:
Method 1: (A single angle is given in Method 2: (Directions and angle are

degrees) 220º T given) S 40º W
-- Measure the angle in a ‘clockwise’ -- Start with North/South Line
FINAL PRESENTATION
direction from North -- Use an acute angle to show direction
either east or west from the line.
220º T
40º
Course
is the direction of an object using
either the old or new systems.
FINAL PRESENTATION
Common terms in solving problems in
navigation:
Bow, stern, starboard, port, dead

ahead, dead astern, aft and forward

Bow- the front end of a boat.
FINAL PRESENTATION
Stern- the rear-end of a boat.
FINAL PRESENTATION
Starboard- the right-hand side of a boat

when facing the bow.
FINAL PRESENTATION
Port- the left-hand side of a boat when

facing the bow.
FINAL PRESENTATION
Dead ahead- a point which the boat is

approaching directly on a
straight course.
FINAL PRESENTATION
Dead astern- a point which is directly behind

boat.
FINAL PRESENTATION
Abeam- a point which is at right angles (90°)

to the centerline of a boat.
FINAL PRESENTATION
Speed, Distance and Time
FINAL PRESENTATION
Example: Bearing Problem

The bearing from A to C is S 52º E.
The bearing from A to B is N 84º E
The bearing from B to C is S 38º W.
A plane flying at 250 mph takes 2.4 hours to go from A to B.

Find the distance from A to C.
FINAL PRESENTATION
Finding distance from A to B
96º
D= ST
A 84º 600 miles
B D= (250 mph)(2.4hr) =600 miles
46º
44º 38º
52º Finding distance from A to C
Sin 46° = AC
600 miles
AC = 600miles (Sin46º)
C = 431.60 miles

Let us solve some problems
Sail away
A ship sailed from a port with a bearing of
S 22° E. How far south has the ship traveled
after covering a distance of 327km?
FINAL PRESENTATION
x 22 327km
°

A vessel sailed 5 miles

090ºT and sailed 12 miles
000º T. What is the
FINAL PRESENTATION
bearing and distance of
the vessel from its
origin?
x
12 mi
FINAL PRESENTATION
5 mi

A vessel steaming 080ºT

sights a light bearing 042º
T. After steaming 6 Nmi it
FINAL PRESENTATION
is abeam. Find the beam
distance?

x
42°
FINAL PRESENTATION
mi
6 N

M/V John B. Lacson leaves

the port on a bearing of
N 65º 14’ E. How far east
FINAL PRESENTATION
has the vessel travelled
after steaming 350.5 miles?

FINAL PRESENTATION
65°14’
m i
.5
350

A bulk carrier left the

port and steamed due
North at 7.5 knots for 2
hours, then turned west
FINAL PRESENTATION
at 8.5 knots. How far
and bearing of the
vessel from the port
after 5 hours?
8.5 knots
7.5 knots
FINAL PRESENTATION
x

On the top of the light house 290

ft. above sea level, two vessels
were observed of the same
bearing. The angle of depression
FINAL PRESENTATION
to vessel A is 18°20’ while the
angle of depression of vessel B is
26 ° 15’. How far apart are the
two vessels?
Horizontal line
A
290 ft
B
FINAL PRESENTATION
θ

BEARINGS

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Geometry: Basic Trigonometry Ratios & Right Triangles

MaryAnn Archer, Brawley Union High School

Applications of a Right Triangle

parts of the triangle.

1.given one acute angle and one side.

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

Q CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology D

Q CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology D

Applications of Right Triangles

Applications of Right Triangles

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

Height = 37.3 m CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

Mdpn. Lacson is 15 m away

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

The angle of depression from a lighthouse

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

From the top of the cliff,

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

2. True North (new system)

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

-- Measure the angle in a -- Start with North/South Line

N-W Quadrant N-E Quadrant

SCTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

S CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

■ Direction or Bearing from a point O to a

180ºCTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

Given - 180˚ 180˚ - given

180ºCTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

SCTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

Bearing Application Problems

Method 1: (A single angle is given in Method 2: (Directions and angle are

-- Measure the angle in a ‘clockwise’ -- Start with North/South Line

Bow, stern, starboard, port, dead

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

Bow- the front end of a boat.

Stern- the rear-end of a boat.

Starboard- the right-hand side of a boat

Port- the left-hand side of a boat when

Dead ahead- a point which the boat is

Dead astern- a point which is directly behind

Abeam- a point which is at right angles (90°)

Speed, Distance and Time

Example: Bearing Problem

A plane flying at 250 mph takes 2.4 hours to go from A to B.

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

A vessel sailed 5 miles

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

A vessel steaming 080ºT

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

M/V John B. Lacson leaves

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

A bulk carrier left the

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

On the top of the light house 290

CTAP 310 Teaching with Technology

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