Parami Marine Engineer Training Center

09-7931 24433 / 09-7731 24433

Air Condition & Refrigeration

Properties of refrigerant.
1. Low boiling point
2. Low condensing pressure (to avoid heavy machine plant and reduce the leakage risk)
3. Low specific volume in vapour state (reduce size and increase efficiency)
4. High specific enthalpy of vaporization (to reduce the quantity of refrigerants in circulation
and Lower machine speed, size etc.)
5. High critical temperature (reduce the size of condenser and free choice of cooling
mediums)
6. Miscible with Lube oil.
7. Non corrosive ad non solvent (pure and mixed)
8. Non-flammable and non-explosive.
9. Non-toxic.
10. Easy leak detection.
11. Cheap, easily stored and obtained.
12. Stable under working conditions.

Safety Devices of Refrigeration Compressor.

1. Pressure gauges.
2. Low suction pressure cut out.
3. High discharge pressure cut out and trip.
4. Low Lube. oil pressure cut out and trip.
5. Without lagging at the suction valve.
6. Bursting disc on cylinder head.
7. Liquid shock valve.
8. Oil level gauge glass.
9. Heater in the crankcase.
10. Unloader.
11. Relief valve on the discharge pipe.
12. Vibration damper.
13. Motor overload alarm and trip.

Safety Devices on Condenser

1. Relief valve on top of the condenser.
2. Bursting disc on condenser. (if fitted)
3. Air Vent.
4. Drain valve.
5. Liquid level sight glass.
6. Low S.W pressure alarm.
7. S.W non-flow alarm.

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 Parami Marine Engineer Training Center
09-7931 24433 / 09-7731 24433

Safety Devices on Refrigeration System.

1. Oil separator.
2. Dryer
3. Liquid flow sight glass.
4. Solenoid valve.
5. TEV
6. Defrosting system.
7. Fan failure alarm.
8. Back pressure regulator valve.
9. Accumulator on suction pipe.
10. Lagging together with suction and discharge pipe

Cold Room Routine & Inspection.

1. Check each room temperature normal as usual.

2. If not, confirm the defrosting period or not.
3. Check the TEV condition.
4. Cold room door's seal condition.
5. Free from ice up at Evaporator.
6. Fan operates good in order.
7. Cold room & door lock alarm tests every week.
8. Parameters at the compressor, suction, discharge, L.O pressure, oil level, liquid sight glass
on condenser, gas flow.
9. Warm Dry condition.

Different between TEV and Solenoid

TEV. Solenoid

Using thermal energy of Freon gas. Using electrical current with magnet.

Sensor is fitted on Evaporator outlet. Sensor is fitted at return air in the cold room

Partially open at most of the time. Only fully opened and fully closed.

Maintain superheat at Evaporator outlet. To stop Compressor when required temp.

Control the liquid flow in the system. Only full flow and no flow action.

To get gas expansion. No expansion take place.

Sudden drop of pressure & temperature. No pressure and temperature changing.

Balance pressure before and after valve. It is not.

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 Parami Marine Engineer Training Center
09-7931 24433 / 09-7731 24433

Prevention of liquid flow back

1. Master Solenoid valve.
2. Solenoid valve.
3. Thermostatic Expansion Valve. (TEV)
4. Exposed suction elbow pipe. (without lagging)
5. Liquid accumulator at suction side.
6. Compressor discharger pipe attach outside of suction pipe.
7. Defrosting.
8. Avoid Excessive charge.
9. Prevent oil in the system.

Causes of liquid flow back.

1. Overcharged
2. Malfunction of solenoid valve.
3. Malfunction of TEV.
4. Iced-up Evaporator.
5. Oil scale in the Evaporator.
6. Stopped Fan.
7. Insufficient defrosting time.
Defrosting
1. Switch off power for a time. (small plant)
2. Warm water.
3. Electric heater.
4. Hot gas.
5. Brine throwing.

Reason for defrosting.

1. Affecting heat transfer properties.
2. Affecting air flow and circulation.
3. Prevent the liquid flow back to compressor.

Causes of short cycling

1. Too less adjustment of differential pressure switch. (cut- in and cut-out)
2. Undercharged in the system.
3. Less refrigeration gas due to leaking.
4. Clogged Dryer.
5. Malfunction of Solenoid valve. (Leaking valve)
6. Clogged TEV.
7. Chocked TEV suction filter.

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 Parami Marine Engineer Training Center
09-7931 24433 / 09-7731 24433

Gas charging procedure

1. Measure gas bottle weight at before and after charging for record purpose.
2. Pump down the system. (to know amount of gas in the system)
3. Connect the charging hose to charging valve with slack condition.
4. Crack open the liquid value of bottle, after hose is properly connected.
5. Purge the air from slack connection.
6. When gas come out, tight connection properly.
7. Open fully gas bottle valve and compressor discharge valve.
8. Control compressor suction valve to avoid low pressure cut out and liquid knocking.
9. After charging is completed, shut the charging valve and gradually open the condenser
outlet valve.
10. Check the liquid level in the condenser. (Just floating)
11. Shut the bottle valve and disconnect the hose.

Recovery Device
1. Empty gas bottle.
2. Vacuum pump
3. Pressure gauge with hose connection.

Ozone Depletion Substances (MARDOL Annex VI, Regulation 12)

1. Does not applied to permanently sealed equipment.
2. Deliberate emission: due to maintaining, servicing, repairing, disposing of systems or
equipment.
3. Hydrochloro-fluorocarbons shall be prohibited on 1 January 2020.
4. Provided appropriate facilities when remove from ship. (Recovery Device)
5. Shall maintain an ozone depleting substances record book as approved by Administration.
6. Shall record as
 recharge,
 repair and maintenance,
 discharge to the atmosphere (deliberate or non-deliberate),
 discharge to shore facilities,
 receiving of Gas bottle.
 Date
 Name of machinery
 Volume cu. m
 Rank & Signature

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