UNIT-I

ANALYSIS OF STRESS AND STRAIN

Lecture-5,6
(Compatibility Equations)

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 Compatibility- Concept, Need and Physical Significance

• In the present article, we shall try to study another aspect of

the problem, i.e. the number of equations being more than the
number of unknowns. This problem arises if we try to
determine the displacement components u, v, w, from the strain
components,

Here we have six equations of the type

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• for the three unknowns, u, v, w. If the strains are arbitrarily
specified, the set of six differential equations given by (3.17),
cannot be integrated to give single valued solutions for u, v and w.
Therefore, the strain components must satisfy certain other
conditions as well, to ensure the uniqueness of the solution.

• These extra conditions are known as conditions of compatibility.

This explains the need of compatibility conditions in a mathematical sense. In a

physical way, it can be stated that various portions of a deformable body
should move, during strains, in such a way that close contact is maintained
every where along any imaginable interface, without separation or
overlapping.

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Fig. 3.11 A physical picture for compatibility requirements

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Fig. 3.11 A physical picture for compatibility requirements

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 Saint-Venant’s equations of compatibility
• Collecting all equations, the six strain compatibility relations are

The above six equations are called Saint-Venant’s equations of compatibility. 6

• We can give a geometrical interpretation to the above equations.
For this purpose, imagine an elastic body cut into small
parallelepipeds and give each of them the deformation defined
by the six strain components.

• It is easy to conceive that if the components of strain are not

connected by certain relations, it is impossible to make a
continuous deformed solid from individual deformed
parallelepipeds.

• Saint- Venant’s compatibility relations furnish these conditions.

Hence, these equations are also known as continuity equations.

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Examples 1

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Examples 2

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Q. Using scalar methods, differentiate the individual strain- displacement relations
for ex, ey, and exy, and independently develop the first compatibility equation.

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Solution

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Problem

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Solution

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Problem

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Solution

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problem

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Solution

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Thank You

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