INTEGRATION BY PARTS

1. Algebraic-Trigonometric Functions

 x cos x dx u=x dv = cos xdx

2. Algebraic-Exponential Functions

 xe u=x dv = e x dx
x
dx

3. Algebraic-Natural logarithm Functions

 x ln x dx u = ln x dv = xdx
4. Algebraic-Radical Functions

x x 2 − 1 dx u=x dv = x 2 − 1 dx

-1- 1030
If the Integrand is a Rational Functions:
1. Let u = denominator
2x
 x2 + 1 dx
1
 u du = lnu + c
2. Improper Fraction = divide the numerator by the denominato
x2 x −1
 x + 1 dx or  x + 1 dx
3. Proper Fraction = partial fractions

INTEGRATION BY PARTIAL FRACTIONS

Case 1: Distinct Linear Factors

100
 (x + 10)(x + 20) dx
100
f (x) =
(x + 10)(x + 20)
 100 A B 
 (x + 10)(x + 20) = x + 10 + x + 20  (x + 10)(x + 20)
 

100 = A(x + 20) + B(x + 10)

By equating coefficients :
x : 0 = A +B
cons tan t : 100 = 20A + 10B
A+ B=0
20A + 10B = 100
multiply eqn 1 by ( −10 )
− 10A − 10B = 0
20A + 10B = 100
10A = 100
A = 10
B = −10
Using calculator : click mode 5, 1
x = A = 10; y = B = −10 991ES PLUS, 991EX, 570

100 10 10
= −
(x + 10)(x + 20) x + 10 x + 20
 10 10 
  x + 10 − x + 20  dx = 10ln x + 10 − 10ln x + 20 + c

-2- 1030
Case 2: Repeated Linear Factors

 x 2 − 2x + 5 
2.    dx
 (x − 2) 
3

x 2 − 2x + 5
f (x) =
(x − 2)3
x 2 − 2x + 5 A B C
= + +
(x − 2)3
x − 2 ( x − 2) 2
( x − 2)
3

Case 3: Distinct Quadratic Factors

4x + 3
3.  (x − 1)(x 2
+ 1)

4x + 3 A Bx + C
= + 2
(x − 1)(x + 1) x − 1 (x + 1)
2

Exercises

3x + 2
1. x2
+x
dx

 x 2 − 2x + 5 
2.   (x − 2)3  dx

4x + 3
3.  (x − 1)(x 2
+ 1)
dx

3x + 1
4.  ( x − 2) ( x + 2) dx
2

1
5. x 2
−4
dx

-3- 1030