1.

Factories putTaylor
I love out pollutants
Swift 2.
into the air
I like hiking
Animals are produced on Who
industrial farms
I don’t like punk music

CollectI the
lovecold water before
basketball
a shower in a bucket INGLES
That
1ER GRADO
CUADERNO DE REFORZAMIENTO
People now buy more local
food
Which

There are 7,000 million

people
1. Complete the sentences using the words from the box.

1. If you want to buy a new CED, the best place to go is the .

2. If you need to send a letter or a package to someone you should
go to the .
3. If you need to borrow a book or find information for
your investigation, go to the .
4. If you want to play tennis or swim, you should go to the .
5. The best place to go for aspirin might be the .

1. Library 2. Music 3. Post 4. Sports

Shop Office Club
5.
Pharmacy

2. Number the pictures using the words from Activity 1.

3. Read the conversation and write the underlined expressions that offer
and requests under the correct heading.

1 2 3
A: Can you help me? A: Excuse me, can you A: Excuse me
B: Yes, what can I do help me find a classic B: Yes, how can I
for you? play? help you?
A: I want to buy a new B: In what language? A: How many stamps
CD B: What kind of A: English do I need for this
music would you like? B: Why don’t you package? B: We need
A: I’m looking for the borrow Romeo and to weight it first.
latest pop music CD Juliet? Young people Where are you
B: You can find it here in love it sending it?
the pop music section. A: Is that in A: To Denver,
A: Thank you. English? B: Of Colorado, USA
course! It’s B: Ok, that will be
Shakespeare! $20.00
A: Ok, I’ll borrow it. A: Here you are,
thanks.

Asking got help Seeking Offering Asking for

or information or help or offering
clarification confirmation detail
4. Decide which expression come first, second, and at the end of
the conversation and number it in order.

B: That’s great, but I have to finish my homework of Egypt for tomorrow.

A: In the library? I want to invite you to the movies.

A: Hi, Mike. What are you doing?

B: I’m trying to find information in the library.

A: If you need information about Egypt, you should check on the

internet, there’s a lot of information and pictures you can use.

B: That sound good, thank you very much.

5. Use the conversation in activity 4 and write it in order.

A: Hi, Mike. What are you doing? .

B: .

A: .

B: .

A: .

B: .

6. Divide the conversation into opening, body, and closure.

Opening Bo Closu
dy re
A: Hi, Mike. What are A: If you need
you
doing? information about
Egypt,
B: I’m trying to find you should check on
the
information in the internet, there’s a lot
library. of
information and
pictures
you can use.
B: That sound good,
thank you very much.
7. Complete the sentences using the words from the box.

1. If you want pizza then go to a .

2. If you need stamps then go to a .
3. If you want a book then go to a .
4. If you want a new CD then go to a .
5. If you want a magazine then go to a .
6. If you need an aspirin then go to a .

Pharmacy Library Music Shop Pizza Parlor Post Office Book Store
 1. Match the signs to the places where you may see them.

a)
1

b)

c)

2. Match the expressions to the person who normally says it.

1. We have the new CD of Coldplay, do you want it?

2. Stamps are 45 cents each.
3. Do you want a big hamburger or the small one?

1 2
3
 3. Read the conversation and match its parts using words from the box.

1. A: Excuse me, can you help me?

B: Yes, what can I do for Introduction
you?
General
2. A: I’m looking for the “Coldplay” CD information
B: What kind of music do they play?
Detailed
3. A: Pop rock music information
B: Do they sing in Spanish?
A: No, they don’t. They play music in English
Conclusion

4. B: You can find that CD in the section of

music In English
A: Thank you very much!.

4. How do you say the sentences in Activity 3 in your own language?

A:

B:

A:

B:

A:

B:

A:

B:

A:
5. Read the sentences and write them in the correct place in the table.

1. You can’t play soccer in the music shop.

2. You can buy food in the restaurant.
3. Do you want to go to the movies?

Subject + Auxiliary + Subject +

auxiliary + subject + negative
verb… verb… auxiliary +
(Affirmative) (Interrogative) verb…
(Negative)

6. Unscramble the sentences.

1. park / You / play / can / in / soccer / the

.

2. books / can / You / at / library / the / buy

.

3. take / school / at / classes / the / You / can

.

4. can / a / You / doctor / see / hospital / at / the

.
7. Use the sentences in Activity 6 and write what you can do there
using words from the box.

1. Park: You can play soccer .

2. Library:
3. School:
4. Hospital:

play buy take see

8. Write the expressions you need to start a conversation, find

information, and end the conversation.

Music Shop Library or Restaurant

Start a A: Hello, Can I help
conversation you? B: Yes, I’m A:
looking for a CD.
B:
Find A: What kind of
informati CD? B: Pop rock A:
on
B:

End the A: Thank you for your

conversation help B: You are A:
welcome, have a nice
day! B:
1. Read the extract and circle T for True and F for False.

“HOW ARTHUR BECAME KING control of the land and Arthur’s life was in
OF ENGLAND” danger. So, there was much fighting in the
land for a long time.
An Extract from “The Death of
Arthur” by Sir Thomas Malory, 1485 Arthur was safe with Lord Ector’s family
all this time and he was learning many
Many years ago, King Uther and his things that would later help him lead his
wife had a baby boy who was to Kingdom,
become king after his father died.
Merlin, the Magician, convinced king
Uther to give him the child for
safekeeping. So, when Arthur was born,
Merlin took him out of the castle and
asked Lord Ector and his wife to keep him
in their family and his identity a secret.

Two years later, when King Uther was

eating dinner, he suddenly fell over and
died. Merlin did not reveal Arthur’s
identity because the Lords were always
fighting each other for

1) The purpose of this legend is to tell us how Arthur becomes King.

2) King Uther is the main character of this section. T F

3) Arthur was in danger with Lord Ector’s family.

4) The tittle is in bold and starts with a capital letter. T F

5) The subtitle is in italics.

T F

T F
T F
2. Skim the text to find the general idea of each paragraph.

1. Several years later, Merlin told Archbishop
of Canterbury to assemble all the Lords in
the courtyard of St. Paul’s for a tournament.
There was a great stone in the courtyard
with a mighty sword stuck deeply into it. The
sword was Excalibur. Everybody was looking
at the sword, when someone noticed that it
had writing on it “Whoever pulls this sword
out of the stone is the rightful King of
England”.
GENERAL IDEA:
2. All the Lords came to the tournament. Lord
Ector, his son Sir Kay, and Arthur were walking
to the field, when Sir Kay realized that he had
forgotten his sword. He sent Arthur back to get
it. Arthur was crossing the church courtyard
when he saw a beautiful sword stuck in a
stone. He decided to take that sword to his
foster brother. He pulled Excalibur out easily
and walked back to the field. Lord Ector and
Sir Kay saw Arthur arriving with the sword.
They knew that it was Excalibur and ran to tell
the Archbishop.

GENERAL IDEA:

3. The Archbishop gathered everyone around the sword in the stone again. All the Barons and
knights tried to pull out the sword, but failed, except for Arthur. Many Lords were very angry
because they didn’t want suck a young king. But on the final attempt (Arthur again was the only one
to pull out the sword) they fell to their knees and asked for forgiveness. Arthur forgave them and
became the King of England.

GENERAL IDEA:

3. Scan the paragraphs to find the specific information below.

1 Who assembled the Lords at St. Paul’s?

2 What was written on the sword?

3 Who was Arthur’s foster brother?

4 What did Sir Kay forget?

5 What was the name of the sword Arthur saw stuck in a stone?
6 Who was the only one to pull out the sword?

7 Why were many Lords angry?

8 Where did they finally accept him as king?

4. Match the sentences to the elements in narrative and text components.

Merlin took Arthur to Lord Ector Title

to be safe.
Event 2
Arthur became a fair and just
king. Main character

King Uther died when he was Event 1

eating dinner.
Setting (time and place)
Somewhere in England; a long,
long time ago. Event 3

How Arthur Became King Of Conclusion

England.

The Lords fought for control of

the land.

Arthur.

5. Complete the sentences using words from the box.

The 1) is to talk about things that are finished. We use it to refer to any
time before now. The 2) is to explain that someone was in the middle
of something in the past. The 3) is used when we are in the middle
of doing something, and suddenly, another thing happens.

Past simple past continuous interrupted past

6. Complete the text using words from the box.

“The dog and the shadow”

took w l visi attacked gave

let go en a
was ted was looking want
was t s
crossing looked ed
feeling w t
saw
er
e

Jojo the dog 1) to visit his local butcher.

He 2) him every day at exactly 11:00 am because the
friendly butcher always 3) him a bone.
One day the dog 4) a bridge over a street with his bone in
his mouth. He 5) happy because it was a very big bone
and he 6) to bury it.
Suddenly he 7) down into the water and 8)
another dog, with a bigger bone. This one dog 9) at him. His
eyes 10) very angry. That other bone looked delicious, so he
immediately 11) of his own, and fiercely 12) the
other dog to get his bone.
So, he 13) both; the one that he tried to get in the water
because it was a shadow, and his own because the stream 14)
it away.
7. Complete the organizer.

Title:
Main Character:

Event 1:
Event 2:

Event 3:

Conclusion: He lost both bones.

1. Match the words to the descriptions.

Events the most exciting or important

moment in a story.
Conclusion
something that happen in a story
Climax or point
something you decide is true at
the end of the story

2. Circle the correct option.

1)

“JACK AND THE BEANSTALK”

Jack and his mother lived/ was living alone.

They were having/ had no money, only a cow.

Jack took/take the cow to the market.

When he walks/was walking with the cow, he met a man. The man wanted/
is w2a) nting to buy the cow.

d5f. The man was selling/ sold Jack some magic beans for his cow.
2)

“THE UGLY DUCKLING”

On the banks of a pond, a mother duck was sitting/ sits on her nest.

She waits/ was waiting for her ducklings to hatch.

Soon, all her eggs were hatching/ hatched.

One morning, she took/ is taking them down to the pond.

3. Read the story and write the correct tense od the verb in
each parenthesis.

The story is about a little mouse that 1)lived .(LIVE) in the country. One
day, he 2) (INVITE) his friends to the city and 3) (OFFER)
him barley and grain from the barn for lunch. The City mouse said that
the food in the city was much better and invited him to visit. The
Country mouse went to visit his friends and the City mouse first took
him to the cupboard. There they 4)
(FIND) the most delicious bag of sugar. They 5) (EAT) the
sugar, when the door banged open. The cook wanted some flour. They
6) (HAVE) to escape but the City mouse then took him to the
top shelf. Here they found prunes. Once again the Country mouse
7) (BEGIN) to enjoy his prune, when a cat came in and they had
to run for their lives! The Country Mouse 8) (NOT WANT) to go to
the cupboard again, so the City Mouse took him to the cellar. There
was a real treasure for them there. They 9) (RUN) along the
shelves
trying to decide where to start. Sausages, spicy apples, butter, and an
especially delicious smelling cheese were in the corner. The Country
Mouse was about to eat it, when the City Mouse yelled “Stop! It’s a
trap”. The City Mouse 10) (EXPLAIN) how dangerous the traps were
and how they killed little mice. At the moment the Country Mouse
11) (DECIDE) to go back to the country where life was safe,
even if he only had barely and grains from the barn. He returned and
he
12) (STAY) there for the rest of his life.

4. Complete the paragraphs according to the events in the story.

The Country Mouse offered…

Here they found…

There was…
5. Answer the questions about the story in Activity 3

1. Who are the main characters? The City mouse and the Country mouse.

2. What is the setting?

3. Would you give this story a subtitle? What?

4. What was the first event?

5. What are some of the details?

6. What is the second event?

7. What’s the third event?

8. What’s the conclusion?

6. Complete the organizer with information from the story in Activity 3

CAUSE EFFECT

The city mouse took the They found the most

country mouse to the delicious bag of sugar.
cupboard.

The cook wanted some flour

and opened the door.

A cat came in.

The country mouse was

about to eat some delicious
cheese.
7. Rewrite the story of The City Mouse and the Country Mouse.
Write a different ending to the story.

Once upon a time there was a Country Mouse that lived in a comfortable
barn. The barn...
 1. Read these dictionary entries and answer the questions.

11 acertar vb
(dar en el blanco) to hit: acertar en el blanco
to hit the target
(actuar bien) to be right: acertar al hacer algo to be right to do sth
Acertamos al avisarle. We were right to warn him.
Acertarle a algo to het sth right: Le acerté dos respuestas.
I got two answers right.
acertijo sm riddle

1 How many meanings does acertar have in English?

2 What is the purpose of the parentheses in meanings 1 and 2?

3 Why are some of the Spanish words in bold?

4 What do vb and sm mean after acertar and acertijo?

 gar·den / gard(e)n/ 1 jar
sustGardens sust plural jardines dín
‘gar·den / gard(e)n 2 verbo trabajar en el
jardín ‘garden center sust vivero (de
plantas) gar·den·er /’gard(e)ner/ sust
jardinero (-a) gar·den·ing /’gard(e)ing/ sust
jardineria
2

1 Why does the word garden appear as two different entries?

2 Is the pronunciation of the two entries for garden the same or different?

3 What other words and phrases are related to garden?

lit·tle /’lit(e)l/ adj

pequeñ o, chico: The house only has a little yard. 1 Why does the word little
La casa só lo tiene un patio pequeñ o. have two main entries?
a little boy un niñ o chico I lived there when I
was little. Vivía allí cuando era pequeñ o.
my little sister mi hermanita
a little bit (of sth) un poco (de algo) Just a little bit
of cream for me. Sò lo un poco de crema para mi. 1
2 What part of speech is Little
poco: little is known about him. Se sabe poco de él. League?
2 a Little un poco “Some more tea?” “Just a
little, please” -¿Má s té? –Só lo un poco, por favor.
lit·tle /’lit(e)l/(less/les/,least/list/) adv 3 Why does the word Little
poco: I see her very little now. La veo muy poco
ahora. Come talk with me a little. Ven a platicar League start with capital
conmigo un poco. letters?
as little as posible lo menos posible
little by little poco a poco
Little, League sust liga infatil
2. Complete the list of
dictionary components
with words from the box.
 Spanish abbreviatio illustrations English
ns
Part of symbols pronunciati guide
speech on words

1 Information pages at the beginning of the dictionary to

explain how to use it.

2 A list of numbers, and .

3 A section in and a section in .

4 at the top of each page to show the first and

last words on the page.

5 An abbreviation to show the after each entry.

6 Phonetic symbols after English entries to show the

.7

to help understand the meaning of the word.

3. Match the parts of speech to their definitions

interjection (pron) a Word to replace a noun.

preposition (conj) a word that connects words or pats of sentences.

conjunction (prep) a word that shows relationship of time, place or direction.

noun
(int) a word or phrase to express an emotion.
adjective
(n) a word that gives the name of a person, place, thing or idea.
verb
(adj) a word that describes a noun.
adverb
(v) a word that express an action or state of being
pronoun
(adv) a word that gives information about a verb or an adjective.
the dictionary entry with the words in the box.
4. Label the parts of
 Part of Transla Headword
speech tion Pronunciation

gath·er /’gaeier/verbo
reunirse
to gather people together reunir a la gente
to gather sb/sth reunir a alguien/algo to gather information reunir informació n
to gather speed/momentum ir adquiriendo velocidad/impulso
recoger
tener entendido: from what I gather por lo que tengo entendido

5. Read the dictionary entries and find the information.

soft ‘drink sust refresco, soda (bebida sin som·ver /’samber/ adj
alcohol) 1 sombrio 2 oscuro

Soil /soil/ sust some /sem, sam/ adj

1 tierra 2 on U.S. soil en suelo
norteamericano
soil /verbo formal/ ensuciar
A veces some no se traduce: Do you
want some bread? ¿Quieres pan?
algú n: We’ve been waiting here for
some time. Ya llevamos esperando
aquí algú n tiempo.
EE UU informal un poco: They teased
me and that hurt me some. Se rieron
de mi y eso me molest un poco.
 Sol·id /’solid/ aj
solido (una roca, una prueba)
fuerte (una mesa)
seguido: I slep for twelve hours solid.
Dormi doce horas seguidas.
ininterrumpido (una linea)
macizo: a solid oak bookcase. Un librero de
roble macizo
to be frozen solid estar congelado
Sol·id/’solid/ sust. Solido
Solids sust plural (alimentos) solidos
Some·how/samhau/adv
1 de alguna manera: Somehow he passed
all his exams. De alguna manera aprobó
todos sus examines.
So·lid·i·fy/solidifai/ (so·lid·i·fied,
so·lid·i·fied) verbo Otras formas
irregulares tercera persona del
singular solidifies solidificarse

1 The meaning of “soil” in this sentence: I fell and soiled my clothes?

2 The part of speech of “solid” in this sentence: Gas is a liquid, not a solid.

3 The meaning of “solid” in this sentence: We worked for 10 hours solid.

4 The past tense form of the verb “solidify”:

6. Read the newspaper article. Find the meanings of the underlined
words in the entries in Activity 5 and complete the table.

Word Part of Translation

Speech
Som
The
ber funeral of state Senator Mark
Lufkin, at 4 pm yesterday, was a somber
event, with
only some fifty people in attendance.
SSeonmateor Lufkin began his career as
a He was
soldier, and after retiring from69the army,
entered city and state politic.
wSohmenehheowdied on Friday. a
circumst l
anc
The senator died under unusu
sS ooand
es, lfvtepolice are working to ystery of
Dhis
trhdeath.
inek They think

mtor somehow decide to have a solo

that the with mafia boss Julio Coriani,
meeting
sena
who then put a lethal drug in the
senator’s
soft drink.
1. Read the manuals and choose a heading for each from the box.

Finding out how to translate Spanish words to English

How to find the translation of an English Word

First, find the English-Spanish section of the dictionary. In this section, the
entries are in English and the meanings are in Spanish. Next, be sure you
know how to spell the word. Turn to the part of the dictionary where you think
the word is . look at the guide words at the top of the pages to find the two
words that your word is between alphabetically.

When you find the word on the page, do the following: First, look at your word
and decide what part of speech it is. Then look for the translations that are the
same part of speech as you word. If more than one translation is the same
part of speech as your word, look for extra information like explanations,
expressions, and examples that show how the word is used with each
meaning. Finally, decide which translation matches your word and its context.

First find the Spanish-English section of the dictionary. In this section, the
entries are in Spanish and the meanings are in English.

Second, use the guide words at the top of the page to help you locate the
Spanish word. When you find the guide words that your word falls between
alphabetically, locate the Spanish word on the page.

Third, read the entire entry. There might be several words in English that have
similar meanings too the Spanish word. Do not assume that the first word you
find will be the correct word. Look for extra information about how the English
words are used until you find the information that is closest to the Spanish
word as you meant it.
There can be many words similar meanings, so it is important to find the word
that is the best option for the Spanish word you are thinking of.
 2. Read the manuals in Activity 1 again and circle the best option.

Manual 1 tells you how to…

translate Spanish words to

English

understand the meaning of English

words

The purpose of the two manuals is to…

give instructions for using a

dictionary

describe a dictionary

Manual 2 tells you how to…

translate Spanish words to

English

understand the meaning of English

words

We… a subject before imperative verbs

use

do not use

To give instructions we use verbs in the …

form

3. Circle the imperative verb in each sentence.

First, find the Spanish-English section of the When you find the guide words
1 2
dictionary. that your Word falls between
alphabetically, locate the Spanish
Word on the page.
3 Do not assume that the first word you find
will be the correct word.
If more than one translation is
4
the same part of speech as your
word, look for extra information
like explanations, expressions,
and examples that show how the
word is used with each meaning.
4. Classify the imperatives from the text in Activity 3 in the table.

Affirmative Imperative Negative Imperative

5. Number the instructions in order and write a connector or phrase from

the box in front of each instruction.

After that when finally next then first

use the guide words at the top of the pages to find the page where your
word is listed.

think about the part of speech and the context of the word in English.

choose the translation in the correct part of speech that is closest to

the meaning of the English word.

go to the English-Spanish section of the dictionary.

find your word in the page, read the entire entry.

check the spelling of the word in English.

6. Use this dictionary excerpt to complete the translation of the phrase.

Gear /gir/ verbo to be geared to/toward sb/

Sth estar pensando para alguien/algo, estar
dirigiendo a alguien/algo
PHRASAL VERB GEAR UP prepararse: to gear
(yourself) up for sth prepararse para algo/ to
gear up to do sth prepararse para hacer algo

The class is geared toward students who wants to study tourism.

Headword:

Part of speech:

Phrase in English:

Translation of phrase:

7. Write the steps you followed to look up the word gear in Activity 6.
1. Answer the questions.

1 Do you listen to the radio? How often?

2 What’s your favorite radio station?

3 What kind of radio programs do you listen to?

a) music b) talk shows c) sports events

2. Read the program’s scripts and underline the correct completion for each
sentence.
Script: Teens in the 21th Century
HOST: Jerry Jones
GUEST SPEAKER: Dr. Laura Roberts,
psychologist at Teen Support.
HOST: Good afternoon, everyone. Today we
have Dr. Laura Roberts with some good
advice on the topic of teens vs. parents!
Welcome to the show, Dr. Laura Roberts.
GUEST SPEAKER: Thank you, Jerry. Ok. It’s
very difficult for teenagers when they don’t
want to listen to their parent’s advice
anymore. It’s normal for young people to
want to start making their own decisions
about their lives, but unfortunately,
sometimes the choices that teens make are
not very good choices. Parents love their
children and want them to be happy and
safe, so they naturally want to give advice
to them. Many teens don’t like that, and
they get angry and argue with their
parents.
So please take some advice from me. Teens
should try to remember that their parents
love them and are only trying to help them.
Try not to argue with your parents. Try to
remember that they want the best for you.
Script: Stain King Laundry
Detergent Advertisement.
MOTHER: Honey, what is that on your
new blue jeans?
TEENAGE BOY: What? I don’t see
anything.
MOTHER: All over the side of your
jeans, a big green stain!
TEENAGE BOY: Oh, that. I was
playing baseball with my friends, and
I had to slide into second base.
MOTHER: Oh well, no problem!
Fortunately, I have Stain King
Laundry detergent! No more green
stain on your favorite jeans!
(SFX: washing machine washing
clothes)
TEENAGE BOY: Thanks, Mom. I want
my jeans to be blue not green.
1 The guest speaker thinks it normal for teens not to listen to their
parent’s advice.

a) is b) is not

2 According to the speaker, sometimes teens make decision.

a) good b) bad

3 The speaker says that teens argue with their parents.

a) should b)should

not 4 The advertisement is for

a)a sport event b) a laundry detergent

5 The sound effect in the ad is probably a .

a) printer b) washing machine

3. Read the excerpt from another radio program. Underline the best option.

Script: Teen Talk

HOST: Today we have teen counselor Sharon Young, talking about… When parents
drive you crazy!!
(SFX: phone ringing)
This is Jennifer in Texas. You’re on the air, so go ahead, Jennifer.
CALLER: when I want to go to the mall with my friends, my parents always say no.
GUEST SPEAKER: You might try negotiating with them.
HOSTER: Ok, we’ll be back after a short message from our sponsor; The Cool Clothes
Store.

1. The program is about relationship with: family member/friends.

2. The program is/is not interactive.

3. Jennifer’s parents supervise/ do not supervise her activities.

4. The counselor says that Jennifer should do what her parents say/
talk to her parents.

4. Complete the table by comparing characteristic of the two

radio programs.

Program 1: Teens Program 2: Teen

in the 21th Talk
Century
Format:
Interactive/
Non-
interactive
Language:
Formal/
Informal
Music/ No music
Sounds effects/
No Sounds effects
Ad for teen
products/ Adult
products

5. Check the characteristic that makes a radio program interesting

for teenagers in each pair of sentences.

1. a) the program is interactive, with a call-in segment.

b) the speaker talks the whole time.

2. a) the host and guest speakers use formal, “adult” language.

b) the host and guest speakers use informal, “teenage” language.

3. a) the speaker pauses or repeats information.

b) the speaker does not pause or repeat information.

4. a) the program has music and/ or sounds effects

 b) it isn’t important for the program to have music.
B
5. a) the ads are for products teens use.

b) it doesn’t matter what the ads are for.

6. Complete these sentences with words from the box.

hhhhh
Wh mi Good Welco w isn
en gh w afternoon me ha ’t
co t hil t it
uld e
Host: is Clear Jones with Teen talk. , Sharon! Caller: I want to go
out with my friends, my parents always say no. Guest speaker: You
try negotiating with them.
Caller: do you mean?
Guest speaker: You say, “Can I go out my friends if you pick me
up early?
Caller: But it’s so uncool for me leaving early I’m with my friends!
Guest speaker: But it’s better than not going out at all, ?

7. Match the sentences with the words in the box.

H h hnnj
1 . , teens!
Think This is
, Walter from Florida
Go ahead
, Walter, you’re on the air!
Could
What do you , callers?
Good morning
Maybe Walter do something like that.
1. Read these sentences and underline the word in each that gives
suggestion or advice.

1. You should think carefully about what your parents are saying.

2. You might try negotiating with your parents.

3. You could say, “Can I go if you go to the mall too?

4. You shouldn’t argue with your parents.

2. Read the sentences in Activity 1 and answer the questions.

Which two sentences make a suggestion?

.

Which two sentences give strong advice?

3. Read the opinions about a radio program and circle P for Positive
Opinion or N for Negative Opinion.

1. I didn’t like the speaker. She was too formal. P N

2. The music made it more fun and that scream was P N

awesome!
3. The ads weren’t interesting because they were for adults. P N

4. The speaker respected teens. P N

5. It was boring because there was no music P N

4. Match the questions to the answers.

1 Did you like the program? a) A sociologist

2. What was the program about? b) That’s right

3. What was the advertisement c) Yes, it was interesting

for?

4. Who was the guest speaker?

d) A clothes store

5. Was the language formal or e) Teen’s problems with

informal? their
parents

6. The speaker is a counselor, f) It was very formal

right?

5. Complete the sentences with POSITIVE or NEGATIVE.

To express opinions, we use expressions such as like,

interesting, fun, awesome, cool, etc.
To express opinions we use expressions such as not
interesting, not like, boring, too formal/fast etc.
7. Write the words in the box in the correct columns in the table.

Relevant
the funny
the topics Is / isn’t
(too)
the formal / To
the host/ Are / informal
I guest aren’t teenagers
in my speaker were / clearly
opinion weren’t too For
the Speak / fast
the caller speaks teenagers.
/ callers

Interesting music was / think spoke

wasn’t
Advertisement boring Interactiv fast program
s e

8. Complete the organizer with the main characteristic of a radio program.

Speakers

RADIO PROGRAM

3
1. Read the extract and answer the questions.

It all begin in 1952, when A.S. Douglas developed Noughts and Crosses to get his doctor’s
degree. This British version of Tic-Tac-Toe ran on a computer at the University of
Cambridge, this computer was very different from the computers we know today; it was
huge! This meant that no one outside the university could play the game.

Now days, video games are an important part of our culture. You see them everywhere you
go. They influence in the way we dress, the way we talk, and the way we make friends.
Video games now have online and networking features.

Online games will evolve and gaming will become a more realistic experience. Players will
enjoy 3D games consoles that have face, voice and gesture-recognizing sensors; and they
will also be able to communicate emotions to in-game characters using built-in facial
recognition tools. Games will be smarter and will automatically recognize regular players
and customize themselves to a player’s favorite game sessions.

Experts talk about even more dramatic changes. Who knows, some day you could teleport
into the digital world and actually play in the grid. The question today is, are you playing or
gaming?

1. When was the first interactive computer game developed?

2. What will the future of games be like?

3. Why do you think the author says that gaming will become a
more realistic experience?
2. Read the sentences and classify them in the organizer.

1. The game was simple, fun to play, and innovate

2. Movie websites encourage you to see the movie.

3. Video games will become more realistic.

4. Players will communicate emotions to in-game characters.

5. Voice conversations required a telephone.

6. A movie website has trailers, games, and links to social networks.

Past:

Present:

Future:

3. Read the sentences and underline the one that makes a prediction.

1. A.S. Douglas developed Noughts and Cosses in 1952.

2. Video games influence the way we dress.

3. Gaming will become a more realistic experience.

4. Complete the rules.

Will is used to the future.

We use a subject + will + verb + complement to make predictions and a

subject + will `not + verb + complement to make predictions.

5. Complete the text using the correct tense od the verbs.

In the past people 1) played (play) video games for one or two players.
Today, some video games 2) (let) you compete with other players online.
In the future, game consoles 3) (be) smaller and much more
multifunctional.

Do you 4) (carry) around a handheld video game? In the past they

5) (have) black and with displays. Now, they 6) (watch) movies on it,
too.

In the future, people 8) (not buy) games in stores, they 9) (download)

them for the internet.
1. Do you read your horoscope? Do you believe that horoscopes
can predict the future? Why or why not?

2. What is your sign?

3. What other things can you make predictions about?

4. Match the sentences to their meanings.

The leaves will fall as soon as October comes. I can see the leaves are
going to fall.
Look at the trees. The wind is going to blow the
leaves off. I believe the leaves fall
every October.

4
0
5. Write a two-day weather forecast for the place you live or a plac
you know.

Today

Tonight

Tomorrow

Tomorrow night
1. What parts of the body or body systems are these diagrams?
2. Read the next text.

The body has five systems, let’s start with the digestive system. After chewing
your food, you swallow it and it goes into the stomach –a sack shaped like the
letter “J”. The small intestine is a long tube.

The respiratory system makes breathing happen. The lungs bring oxygen into the
body.

Another important system is the circulatory system. The heart sends blood
around the body. This is an artery, it is red because it carries blood that is full of
oxygen. This is a vein; it is blue because it has carbon dioxide.

2. Read again the paragraphs in Activity 1 and answer the questions.

1. What word follows the?

a) adjective b) verb c)noun

2. What word follows a/an?

a)adjective b)verb c)noun

3. Complete the sentences.

We use a, an, the before .

To point out something specific we use.

We use a to refer to an object that starts with a .

We use an to refer to any object that starts with a .

 4. Underline the verbs in each sentence. Then answer the questions.

1. I eat fruit three times a day. 4. It goes into the stomach.

2. The stomach digest food. 5. The lungs bring oxygen into

the body.

3. Blood carries oxygen around

6. I exercise every day.
the body.

a) Which sentences talk about routines?

b) Which sentences talk about facts?

c) What word can we use to replace it?

5. Complete the information with a, an or the.

This 1) oxygen from inhaled air

through, 2) passes oxygen is picked up by
alveolus. Its walls are thin, and blood that travels –or
circulates- to
different parts of the body. 3) artery carries blood with oxygen. 4)
vein carries blood with carbon dioxide.
1. Read Pepe’s textbook and then match the sentences.

The Human Body

Your Skeleton

The adult human body has two hundred and six bones. The adult skeleton consists of
the following bones:

● Twenty eight skull bones (eight cranial, fourteen facial, and six ear bones.)

● The hyoid bone in the neck is the only bone that does not articulate to
another bone.
● Twenty six vertebrae (seven cervical; twelve thoracic; five lumbar; the
scrum, which is one single bone made of five fused vertebrae; and the
coccyx, which is one bone made of four fused vertebrae.)
● Twenty four ribs plus the sternum; two clavicles, the most frequently
fractured bones in the body, and two scapulae.
● Two pelvic bones.

● Thirty bones in each of the arms and legs (a total of one hundred and twenty.)

Blood is a vital liquid; the human body cannot function without it. Blood is
responsible for carrying oxygen and food to the body organs. Blood also takes
waste and carbon dioxide away from these organs. The human body contains
approximately five to six liters of blood.

Blood is made up of three kinds of cells: red blood cells, white blood cells, and
platelets.

● Red blood cells: are like flattened disks. They carry oxygen and waste
products. There are approximately 25 trillion red blood cells in a human
body.
● White blood cells: are oval and defend the body against infection. They
travel in the bloodstream to reach affected tissues. There are
approximately 250 million white cells in a healthy body.
● Platelets: are tiny oval shaped cells made in the bone marrow; they help in
the clotting process. When a blood vessel breaks, platelets gather in the
area and help seal off the leak. Platelets survive only about nine days in
the bloodstream and are constantly being replaced by new cells.
45
1. The skull has a) 30 bones

2. There are b) about 9 days

3. A single arm has c) the body against infection

4. The human body contains d) 28 bones

5. White blood cells defend e) 206 bones

6. Platelets survive f) 24 ribs

3. Read the text in Activity 1 and answer the questions.

1. The purpose of this text is to:

a) tell a story b) give information

2. What type of information does the text give?

3. How many body systems are mentioned?

4. Do you find this information interesting? Why or why not?

4. Read the text again and find the information.

1. how many bones does an adult human have?

2. How much blood does the body have?

3. How many white blood cells are there?

4. How many ribs are there?

5. Out of bones, blood, and ribs which item needs a measurement to

be counted?

5. Match the description to the pictures.

1. Twenty-eight skull bones

2. Eight white blood cells

3. Six red blood cells

4. A liter of blood
6. Group the parts of the body.

Blo bone heart vein cell bone marrow

od skull stomach
Small br mus vertebra lu esopha
intestine ai cle urine n gus
n g

Countab Uncountable
le
1. Read the sentences and circle the words that follow the verb.

1. I like to read magazines.

2. I like reading magazines.

3. I enjoy texting.

4. I love watching tv.

2. Look at these sentences and answer the questions.

I love video games and I like playing games on

line. I like hip-hop and rock music, but I don’t

like punk.

1. Which word links ideas? .

2. Which word contrasts ideas? .

3. Complete the sentences.

To talk about likes we use phrases such as enjoy . I love, . To

talk about dislikes we use phrases like I don’t like and .

Remember that the verbs enjoy and love are followed by , and the
verb like can be followed by both –ing or to (verb).

To ask about likes and dislikes we use questions such as you

like music? And kind of music do you like?

Questions that start with what, who, how many, what kind of are
often used as follow up questions and require the speaker to give more
.

To link ideas we use . To contrast ideas we use.

4. Check the activities you like and find out which category fits you best.

Easygoing Artsy
I like:
I like: Doing homework
Making accessories with
Cleaning my room
beads
Watching TV Reading
Knitting Drawing cooking
magazines Listening to

music

Outdoorsy

I like: Walking the door

Playing basketball Going to

the park
Going hiking
 Tech
no
I like:

Surfing the

internet

Watching videos online

Chatting with my Friends

Playing videogames

1. Label the parts of the conversation with words from the box.

Closure body opening

A: Do you mind if I ask you a question? B: Go ahead.

A: Who is your favorite celebrity?

B: I like Justin Bieber because I like his music. Also, we are both musicians.

A: You play the guitar, don’t you?

B: yes, I do. So does Justin Bieber. He also plays

the drums, the guitar, and the keyboards.

A: oh, I didn’t know that. Thanks.

2. Complete the following sentences.

In a conversation there is usually a beginning, a middle and an end. The
opening is the of a conversation, the body is the
and the closing is the .

In a conversation about likes and dislikes we often give reasons for our
opinions. To explain why we like or don’t like something we use the
word
.

When we want to confirm something we already know we use a

.

5
1
3. Match the following columns.

because it hurts my ears

4. Unscramble the questions.
because it is a team game
1. pop / music / you / don’t / like / You / do / ?
because she’s a great
singer

2. Twelve / you / are / aren’t / you / ? because I like the outdoors

3. Can’t / guitar / the / You / play / you / can / ?

5. Compete the following questions with questions tags.

1. You are Brazilian, ?

2. You like Taylor Swift, ?

3. You can play the piano, ?

6. Complete the sentences with information about you.

1. I like because .

2. I love because .

3. I don’t like because .

 1. Write the names of these instruments.

1. 2. 3.

2. Use your dictionary to clarify the meaning of these words.

File Close

in Trench

coat Pull

off Sly

mission
3. Read the lyrics and underline the verbs in the past tense.

Top Secret Mission

I was walking down the avenue Late last night

When a man approached, With his eyes burning
bright He reached in his trench coat And pulled
out a file
“I hope you like to spy” He said with a smile
CHORUS:
It was a mission! A mission!
A top secret mission I’ve got the permission For a
top secret mission I stepped on a plane
And flew across the ocean I landed on an island
And put my plan in motion Everyone around me
Looked pretty scary
I had to get in touch With a man called Harry

4. Complete the rules.

The regular simple past is often formed by adding to the verb. There are
many irregular verbs in the simple past. You just have to learn them!

The simple past refers to a completed in the past.

The past progressive usually refers to an interrupted action in the past and
is formed with was / were + a verb ending in .

5. Write your own verse of “Top Secret Mission”.

I was walking ( where) . (when) . With a (who)

.
With (what) .

5
1. Which feelings are opposites?

Happy angry glad sad

2. Make a list of values you find important besides friendship.

3. Complete the sentences.

1. When we describe we use adjectives.

2. Antonyms are words that have meanings.

4. Guess the hidden word.

5. Underline the compound nouns. Then divide them on the lines below.

Policeman ya banana blackboar

rd d
Teacher do bedroo friend
or m

3.
1. Skim the text for the main idea. Then check the picture that
best represents the problem described.

1.

2.
For millions of years the atmosphere has surrounded the Earth and
protected it from the sun. Air contains the oxygen that humans need to
breathe. But the air used to be a lot cleaner and healthier. Wind carried
natural dust particles and pollen from one place to the next as part of the
cycle of life.
The skies were clearer and looked bluer because there was no pollution.
The days seemed sunnier because the air was cleaner and lighter.
3.

Now the air is dirty and the sly often looks gray. Air is polluted by gas
emissions from cars and airplanes, as well as by pollutants from factories.
When it rains, the rain often mixes with these pollutants and ends up as
acid rain which, in some parts of the world, can wipe out entire forests.
Gas, oil, and petroleum are burnt on a large scale, releasing carbon
dioxide into the atmosphere which causes global warming. As a result,
the north and south poles are melting, the sea levels are rising, and the
climate is changing severely all over the world. Many efforts are now
being made worldwide to bring down the number of greenhouse gas
emissions into the atmosphere, and to look after the planet better. People
are starting to use more natural energy sources that rely on solar, wind,
and water power.
2. Read the questions and circle the best option for each one.

1. How is the air polluted?

a) by cars and airplanes b( by gases from vehicles and factories

2. What often happen to pollution when it rains?

a) it becomes acid rain and damages trees b( it destroys all the trees

3. What happens when gas and petroleum are burnt?

a) carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere b) the sea levels rise

4. What are people making an effort to do?

a) bring down the sea levels b) reduce gas emissions

5. What ecological actions are people taking?

a) looking after the planet b) using more natural energy sources.

3. Choose a phrase or word from each column to march and make

complete sentences.

are in bad conditions.

saves a lot of water.

is organic.

damage the
atmosphere.

inhabit the planet.

3. Match the words to the sentences they describe.

Wh refers to specified animals or objects.

o
4. Look at the sentences and circle the best option to complete each one.
refers to concepts or non-specified animals or
Tha objects.
1. Phrasal verbs are made up of one part/ two parts.
3.
t c) refers to
Whic people.
2. Only the verb changes form/ adverb or the preposition change form.
h
3. The verb goes first / goes last.

5. Complete the text with the words from the box.

Which who that

These energy sources 1) allow us to do things faster, put out waste into
6. Rewrite the following
the atmosphere. Theresentences.
are aroundUse themillion
7,000 relative pronouns in parentheses.
people
2) inhabit the planet. We use new energy sources 3) include
1. There are millions of people
electricity, gas, and carbon.
on Earth. They need to look after the
planet. (who)

2. We use new energy sources. They include gas and electricity. (that)
 .

3. There are lots of energy sources. They allow us to do things faster. (which)

4. People filled buckets in the past. The buckets transported water. (that)

5. The animals eat lots of corn. Humans could eat the corn instead. (which)

.
1. Skim the text for the main idea.

The air is polluted by gas emissions from cars and airplanes, as well as by
2. Read the text
pollutants fromin ActivityWhen
factories. 1 again and
it rains, write
the T formixes
rain often Truethese
and Fpollutants
for False.and
ends up as acid rain which can wipe out entire forest.
1. The main idea of the text is how humans have damaged the environment
Gas, oil, and petroleum are burned on a large scale, releasing carbon dioxide into
2. Gas,
the oil, and petroleum
atmosphere are burned
which causes and they As
global warming. release carbon
a result, dioxide
the poles into
are melting, the
sea levels are rising, and the climate is changing severally all over the world. Many
the atmosphere.
efforts are now being made worldwide to bring down the number of greenhouse gas
emissions into the atmosphere, and to look after the planet better.
3. No efforts are being made to reduce gas emissions.
Crops are grown and harvested by man to provide food for humans and animals. To
grow bigger crops, chemical fertilizers are used to put extra nutrients into the soil,
pesticides are used to kill insects, and herbicides are sprayed to kill weeds. Al these
products harm the environment and humans. So many farms and companies now
produce organic crops! Today, more and more people now buy locally grown
products because they do not require long distance transportation and therefor do
not cause pollution.
3. Match the beginning of each sentence to the correct ending.

The present passive is formed by is not important in the passive.

The past passive is formed by to focus on the person or thing

affected by an action.
The passive is used
is + past participle
The person who does the action
was + past participle

4. Read the text in Activity 1 and circle the connectors.

Adding Information (+) Cause and effect (A-B)

5. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.

1. Gas emissions pollutants often end up as acid rain.

2. The poles are melting sea levels are rising.

3. Many efforts are made worldwide to reduce gas emissions, efforts

are made to look after the planet better.

4. Chemically grown products harm the environment, many farms

now produce organic crops!

5. People buy locally grown products they do not require

long distance transportation and do not cause pollution.
 Therefore so because and also as well as

1. Complete the table with examples that demonstrate the rules.

1. We use if, in case and in case of to show cause and effect.

2. If and in case are followed by the subject and the verb.

3. In case of is followed by a noun.

2. Look at the sentences and choose the best option(s) to complete

each one.

Rules positive imperatives negative

infinitive
We use the imperative to give and instructions.

The imperative is the of the verb without to.

are followed by nouns or adjectives.

We use imperative to follow safety in public places.

3. Unscramble the words to make sentences.

1. your/ all/ times/ seat belt/ Keep/ on/at

2. manual/ the/ Look/ safety/ through

3. Decide/ how/ many/ minutes/ you/ will/ play

4. your/ to/ protect/ Wear/ eyes/ goggles

4. Rewrite these sentences using the connectors from the box.

If in case in case of
1. When there is a fire, break the glass. Break the glass in case of fire.

2. When you need water, remove the hose. .

3. Hold on firmly to the pipe. Someone else turns on the water.

.
1. Match the warning signs to the places.

1 3
2

a) b) c)

2. Read the sentences and circle the best option to complete each one.

Conditional sentences are divided into two parts/ three parts.

All conditional sentences use the word if/ it.

Conditional sentences refer to cause and effect/ cycling conditions

The tense of the sentences is in present/ past

The verbs appear in affirmative and negative/ in affirmative sentences.

3. Underline the modal verbs and circle the infinitive verbs.

1. You must wear a helmet.

2. You must keep to the cycle lanes.

3. You must keep to the right of the cycle lane.

4. You must wait for the traffic light to be green to proceed.

5. You must follow the correct route.

4. Complete the sentences with words from the box.

5. Unscramble the
Verbwords
formtoinfinitive
make sentences.
subject obligatory

1. must / You/ a/ helmet/ wear

We use must to say that something is .
.
Must goes after theand before the .
2. lane/ cycle/ must/ to/ keep/ You/ the
The verb after must is the without to.
.
Must never changes .
3. must/ obey/ signs/ You

4. right/ You/ keep/ to/ the/ must

.
6. Work in groups. Make notes about the different ways that you can
contribute to making a better society. Think of sings and warnings
needed.