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Learn Hanja The Fun Way
Learn Hanja The Fun Way
제 1과 숫자 (Numbers) —1
제 2과 숫자 (Numbers)-2
제 3과 날짜 (Days)
제 4과 방향 (方向 , Direction)
제 5과 한국 (韓國,Korea)
제 6과 외국인 (外國人,Foreigners)
제 9과 인간 (ᄉ間,People)
제 10과 가족 (家族,Family)
제 12과 시간 (時間,Time) - 1
제 13과 시간 (時間,Time)-2
제 14과 시간 (時間,Time)-3
제 l 8과 반대어 (反對語,Antonyms) - 1
제23과 생활 (生活,Life)
제24과 주말에 (週末에,On the weekend)
제26과 자연 ( 自然,Nature)
제27과 춘하추동 (春夏秋冬,Four Seasons)
제28과 색 (色 , Colors)
제29과 신문 (新聞,Newspapers)
제30과 방송 (放送,Broadcasting)
제33과 국가 個 家 ,Nations) —1
제41과 차례 (次例,Order)
제42과 백화점에서 (百貨店에서 ,At a Department Store)
제45과 감정 (感情,Feelings)
제49과 범죄 (犯罪,Crime)
제50과 직업 (職業,Jobs)
Acknowleagments
Recommendation
Preface
Understanding Chinese Characters
111
78
Radicals and their Principal Meanings with Examples (50 Key Radicals Highlighted)
^
455566
C ^ O
제 3과 날짜 (D ays)
^
제 4과 방향 (方向,Direction)
6
제 5과 한국 (韓國,Korea)
^^
77788
제 6과 외국인 (外國ᄉ,Foreigners)
- 8
제 7과 세계 (世界,The World)
제 8과 대소,고저,다소 (大小,高低,多少,Size,Height,Amount)
2
640
82
제 9 과 인간 (ᄉ間,P e o p le )
6
40
827
2
9
제10과 가족 (家族,Family)
9
29
01
0
1
제14과 시간 (時間,Time) - 3
제 15과 수도 서울 (首都 서울,Capital Seoul) - 1
제 16과 수도 서울 (首都 서울,Capital Seoul) ᅳ2
제F7과 외국인 친구 (外國人 친구,My Foreign Friend)
제l 8과 반대어 (反對語,Antonyms) - 1
제19과 반대어 (反對語,Antonyms) —2
제20과 반대어 (反對語, Antonyms)-3
CONTEMTS 5
132 제21과 오대양 육대주 (五大洋 六大抄ᅵ
,Five Oceans,Six Continents)
ᅵ
136 제22과 국명 (國名,Country Names)
140 제23과 생활 (生活, Life)
144 제24과 주말에 (週末에,On the Weekend)
148 제25과 한국인의 성 (韓國人의 姓,Korean Surnames)
First, I would like to thank Mr. Scott Dewar, First Secretary with the Australian
Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade,for his advice from when I first conceived
this book. W ith his knowledge of Japanese, Korean and Chinese, he helped me to
look at Chinese characters from the point of view of the foreign learner.
I am also greatly indebted to Dr. Rachelle Allen who has studied Chinese for a long
time. She gave me advice from a westerner’s point of view on how my explanations
of the more than 500 Chinese characters could be made easier to understand. Along
with these two people,there are other people I would like to thank for their help
with the translations for this book,Mr. Michael Cowin,Mr. Jonathan Gallimore
(British Embassy),Ms. Sian Ferguson and Mr. Woo Ji-Soo (Australian Embassy),
Mr. Mark Pearson (New Zealand Embassy).
Also,I would like to express my deep gratitude to Ms. Choi Hyeon-jeong for
understanding the idea of this book and for drawing the amusing pictures. Without
her understanding of Chinese characters and her ideas for drawings, there would not
have been any such creative drawings.
Further, I sincerely thank my mother Kim Chu-ja, my husband Jung Sung-rok and
my daughter Su-bin. Their constant encouragement and perseverance has brought me
this far and I love them very much.
Lastly,I would like to thank the President of the Korean Cultural Publishing
Company Mr. Kim Jin-su and editor Ms. Choi Eun-kyong for agreeing to publish my
book.
I strongly recommend "Leant Hanja the Fun Way' by Lee Young Hee as an excellent way
to begin the study of Chinese characters. I wish I had such a tool when I first explored the
mysteries of Chinese characters while studying Japanese more than three decades ago. Mrs.
Lee’s insights into the derivation of Hanja were immensely valuable as I sought to convert
my rusty Japanese into Korean during my three years as Ambassador to Korea-
I think most foreign students come up with their own devices for remembering Chinese
characters. Mrs. Lee’s focus on the most important radicals, combined with the imaginative
illustrations, would help any student quickly develop a capability to recognize the most
common ideographs.
Lee Young Hee is a fine teacher with a genuine knack of making her language come alive
for foreigners. I expect her book to have great success as a textbook.
Thomas C. Hubbard
U.S. Ambassador to Korea (2001-2004)
The number of people studying Korean language is gradually increasing. It is also the case
that the number of people learning Korean to a higher level is increasing. In order to be
proficient in high level Korean, it is essential to have a broad vocabulary. As seventy
percent of Korean words are derived from Chinese characters Chanja,
), it follows that the
more Chinese characters the student of Korean knows,the easier it will be for them to
understand the language and the more extensive their vocabulary will become. So, by
learning Chinese characters,the student can more easily remember words and expand their
vocabulary. In addition, through an ability to read newspapers more easily,the student can
also leam more about Korean society, politics and economics, etc. The expert will know that
there is some debate about the origin of various characters. The focus of this book is in
assisting students to remember characters, rather than to contribute to this debate.
1. The purpose of writing this book was to provide an English language text to
assist adults in learning hanja; my aim is to teach the student the 500 hanja
most often encountered in newspapers and daily life in Korea.
In writing this book, I have selected 500 hanja which I believe are the most essential for
any foreigner learning Korean. These are hanja which the student would come across when
reading newspapers or while going about their daily life in Korea.
They have been selected according to the frequency with which they appear; their usefulness
in forming words; and their general importance. Therefore, this book contains material
different to that in the various Korean conversation texts that are available. It also differs
from the Korean Ministry of Education’s list of basic hanja for middle and high school
students.
PREFACE 9
To give an example - the hanja for 'dollar' and 'nuclear,are characters that anyone who
wishes to read a newspaper will need to learn quite early on. Similarly, countries' names
which can be quite long when written in roman characters appear in newspapers as
two-character hanja-based names, and it is also essential to leam these. The characiers which
appear in the names of major Korean cities such as Busan, Daegu and Incheon, are also
included in this book.
2. Starting from the top 50,the book familiarizes the student with Radicals.
Hanja are ideograms. Radicals are the smaller parts which make up the hanja and which
convey the hanja,
s meaning. Therefore, first learning the basic 50 key radicals,enables the
student to derive the meaning and origin of the hanja and is a great help. Through pictures
and explanations,this book provides an easy and interesting way to memorize hanja.
In each of the fifty chapters,the student will leam about ten new hanja with the aid of
pictures. The hanja,
s radicals and stroke order, as well as example vocabulary,are clearly
laid out. By using these example hanja-based words in sentences,we provide a fun and
natural way to memorize hanja. We also include hanja that the student has already learned,
in the sentences in later chapters,for review.
4. Structured to start from the easy and most frequently occurring hanja,
through to the more difficult ones.
The book starts by firstly introducing those hanja which are simple in structure and/or appear
most frequently,and gradually moves on to the more complex - yet still necessary ᅳ
characters. For example,after learning 人 (person) and 木 (tree) respectively,student can
leam 休 (to rest or to stop working) later.
5- Structured also by themes,the book repeats related hanja winch were learned
in earlier chapters,for reinforcement and review.
Numbers, family,nature, country names, war, antonyms and school are some examples of
The chapters also contain practice sentences, testing the student’s retention of each hanja by
applying them to situations rather than relying purely on memorization.
ᄀ. Traditional four网
letter proverbs are practiced in context
There are certainly other texts which also study the important four-letter proverbs and other
idiomatic expressions. However,rather than studying these in isolation, we introduce them
naturally and in context, making it easier for the student to put them to practical use later.
PREFACE 11
UNDERSTANDING CHINESE CHARACTERS
The origins of Chinese characters date back to around 2674 BC during the rule of the Han
Dynasty. The literal translation of hanja means Letters from the Han Dynasty of China. You
could call it the product of the Chinese Yellow River civilization, with Han (漢) made up
of the components t (water) and 堇(mud),representing the Yellow River, and Ja(字) made
up of the components (house) and 子(child, offspring),alluding to the creation of Chinese
characters like babies in a household.
The China of the Han Dynasty was a developed civilization marked by great cultural
advances,and it was in this era that hanja was bom. Legend has it that its creator, in
seeking to record Chinese history,took inspiration from the footprints of a bird. H anja were
originally created by observing the shapes of things (pictographs), and the earliest examples
were found inscribed on ancient bones and tortoise shells. These early texts c o n ta in e d the
fortune telling of diviners.
hanja used in Korea are also different from the Chinese characters generally found in China
today. This is because Korean hanja reflect traditional Chinese characters while modem
Chinese use a simplified version for everyday use.
In ancient times Korea did not have its own writing system, and so during the Three
Kingdoms Period, hanja was borrowed from China. Then in 1443 during the Chosun
Dynasty, King Sejong tasked scholars to devise a Korean system of writing (the Korean
alphabet, hangul) that could accommodate words of pure Korean origin. Even after its
invention,however, hanja continued to be used for a long time. For this reason all of Korea’s
important historic documents are written in hanja instead of hangui
T h e P i c t o g r a p h ( 상형문ス^
As the most basic principle, a character is a picture of a physical object, so usually very
simple.
e.g.) 日 ( 일, o 曰 ᅳ日
月 (월,moon/month)
山 (산, /A — 山 ᅳ 山
火 (화, 火 火
T h e S i g n o r S y m b o l ( 지人!■
문スf)
g.) 上 (상,upper)
下 (하,under)
3 . T h e I d e o g r a p h ( 회의문지0
4. T h e P h o n e t i c 시 d e o p g r a h ( 형성문ス
ト)
This is the largest of the categories,containing about 80% of all the characters. It is a
combination of a semantic element (meaning part) with a phonetic element (sound part).
e.g.) 言 (언, words; meaning) + 己 (기, body; sound part) = 記 (フj ,record)
ロ (구,mouth; meaning) + 門 (문,door; sound part) = 問 (문,ask)
耳 (이,ear; meaning) + H (문,door; sound part) = 聞 (문,listen)
5. C h a r a c t e r s o f B o r r o w e d M e a n in g a n d P r o n u n c ia t io n ( 전주문자)
占 (점 divination; to occupy)
6 . C h a r a c t e r s w h ic h B o r r o w a S o 니n d o r S h a p e (7 | - A ^ ^ )
5 (부,hill) : 防 (방,
門 (문,door) 間 (간,between)
Top to bottom
客 客
Left to right
少
1、
1
例
例
/I
f
/
^— h
小 J 小
水 J A オ 水
鬥 키 w 闽同
月 ノ刀 月月
ᄉ ノ ᄉ
父 ノノ、 :
7 父
Ml 車
子 ᅮ 了 子
女 な 女 女
1. 기본 한자 (Basic 10 Characters)
^ Character ® Sound
© Korean Equivalent / English Meaning Q Explanation of each characters
© Use in compound words © Radical / Stroke Count / Stroke order
© Picture
© 쉬다 : to rest,to s to p
© A person( イ) is taking a rest under a tree(木),
© e.g.) 휴일 holiday ,휴가 vacatiori
@휴
ィ(사람 인)부+ 4획= 총6획 仁 什 付 休
2n 단어 (Words)
生 日 (생일) a birthday
休日 (휴일) a holiday
4. 연습 (Practice)
다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 休 ② 休日
E/f>LA M A TD R Y MOTES 17
HOW TO USE A HANJA DICTIONARY
First,if you want to search by radical you must identify the radical and work out its stroke
count/. For example,if you want to search for the radical is — and the stroke count is
therefore 1. At the front of a hanja dictionary there is a page giving a list of all the radicals
with their stroke counts and all the characters in which each radical appears. If you consult
this page,you will be able to find characters quickly.
Second, if you lcnow the sound of the character you can search for it that way- For example,
if you want to know which character is used to write the ' 외’ in ‘ 외국’ you can check the
page wrnch contain characters with the pronunciation ‘외'. You will find the character 夕
和
written there.
Thirdly, if you laiow the character but don’t know the radical or the sound,you can search by
stroke count- For example, the character 外 has a stroke count of 5. Look at the list of
characters with stroke count 5,and you will see on which page the character 外 appears-
STROKE
하나: one
2 뚫다 : to p ie rce
점 :s p o t, fla m e
3
A pictograph o f a flam e. This radical isn 't used alone and used to place
emphasis on the m eaning o f a character,
e.g.) 主 (주,lord ,master)
:ズ
bird
:m a n ,p e rs o n
7* 어진 사람 : g o o d p e rs o n
어가다 : to e n te r
8
故 향^ ^ 纏^ ■
료 느기석^^了
ᄀ ~qym,~그:::그^ ^ rrざ
f ~
~ "~ ---예느— 니^ 려^ 존:.쯔새一 •우
-
여덟 :e ig h t
I A sym bol o f division into tw o parts. The four fingers o f each land
outstretched sym bolized ‘eight, • This radical refers to ; 4divide\
e.gO 公 (공,fair ,public) 共 (공,together)
A pictograph o f ice. It means ‘ice’ or 'to be cold\ It isn 't used alone.
힘 :s tre n g th , pow er
칼 :knife
머리 :h e a d
비수,넘어진 사람 • d a g g e r , a fa lle n p e rs o n
열:
te n
The im age o f tw o lilies crossing sym bolizes the four points o f the compass
(north, south, east, west) and expresses the concept o f completeness,
e.g.) 十 ( 십,ten) 千 ( 천,thousand) 午 (오,noon)
A Dictograph of a right hand It refers to 'action w ith hand\ It isn 't used /
alone,
e.g.) 反 (반,to oppose) 友 (우,friend)
17 벼랑 : cliff
개인 : private
11
8
19 덮다 : to c o v e r
A pictograph o f a
isn’t used as a radical,but used to assist in m eaning.)
e.gO 軍 ( 군,army)
3 STROKES
20* 입 : m o u th
22 *
흙,땅 :soil, la n d
도
~ て
... ,. , ,.v. - * ^ 니 뼤 멜 ^ 헬 USKt l l l l 털 루 핵
2
선비,군사 :s c h o la r, s o ld ie r
3
24* :e v e n in g
25* 크다 :b ig
A person standing w ith their arms and legs spread out is as b ig as he/she
can be. It means cb ig ' or is related to a person’s affairs.
e.g.) 大 ( 대,big) 夫 (부 , husband) 天 ( 천, heaven) 太 ( 태, huge)
26*
여 자 : w om an
子 X
1 A n infant wrapped in sw addling clothes w aving its arms. U sually it means
an action and the state o f being a child or offspring-
e.g.) 子 (자, son/child) 字 ( 자,letter) 學 (학,to leam )
집,지붕
2
: h o u s e , ro o f
29 작다 • sm a ll
30 주검,죽은 사람 •• d e a d b o d y , c o rp s e
I
A pictograph o f a dead person lying flat. Characters m cluding this
• related to 'a person5 or 'a house'. It isn ’t used alone.
e^g.) 局 (국,place/sectira 展 ( 전,to spread) 尹 (윤,surname Yun)
^ :m o u n ta in
32* 내 : stre a m
u o 천
장인,만들 : artisan , to m a k e
3
3
34 몸, 자기 :b o d y , o n e s e lf
수건 : to w e l
작다 : s m a ll
큰 돌집 : b ig s to n e h o u s e
38 길게 걷다,당기다 •• t o stroll, to p u ll
-》는^샜르^ 강^ ^ ^ 스느^
40 비틀거 리다,두 사람 : t o h o b b le , tw o p e r s o n s
41 I 디:
jo in t o f a fin g e r
4 STROKES
42* 큰 :h a n d
A pictograph or one’s hand w ith tive lingers (one bent). It means hand'
‘a skill\ 'a skilled person’.
( 푸 )수
별하 ^ 뺴 ' 그 가 ᄀ >- » r 二• " " " 一 _r• 낯;
네 ^«• ^ ---- 邏 I I 厂 ~~*一二一— * . 7 . 一^ -:J ' _ 스 : i ニ _ᅳ ; - :r ••— ~ :u _ _ J T" ;
~ ~'
43* 물 :
w a te r
A pictograph o f a river. The central stroke shows the current and the dots
show ripples. It is related to ‘water’ or action in the water.
e.g.) 水 (수, water) 江 (강,river)
( 、
/ )수
개 :d o g
( n 견
언덕 •• hill
고을,마을 : v illag e
심장,마음 : heart, m in d
A pictograph o f one,
s heart In ancient tim es people thought that one.
心 m ind resided in the heart. It is used to mean cthought', 'feeling'.
e,g.) 心 ( 심,heart/m ind) 性 ( 성,sex/person 必 ( 필,necessary)
( 个)
문 :d o o r
창 :s p e a r
51 글월,문장 : s e n te n c e
52
도끼 : ax
53*
모,방위 : s q u a r e ,d ire c tio n
날, day, s 니n
54*
A pictograph o f the sun. It is used to m ean 4a sun ,tim e, weather, season*
e.g.) 日 ( 일,sun/day) 明 ( 명,bright) 時 ( 시,time)
Ol
55
말하다 : to s p e a k
The com bination o f a m outh ( ロ) and a sym bol (一) o f energy w hich
comes out from a mouth.
e.g.) 書 ( 서,letter,to write) 最 ( 최,the most) 會 ( 회,to gather)
57* 고기 : m e a t,fle sh
(肉 ) 육
— ; ' — ニr ᅳ: 그 시 ᅳ 표 V こ:느 ‘
:8* :
tree
9*
; 불:
fire
( ハ、
、) 화
■구v ᅵ- ?r ; ~ ^ ‘ 선ᅵ應ニ_ • ■一一 ニr — ___________ • 一 -• . __________^;
;---------- ---------------- -
60 하품하다,입을 벌리다 : to y a w n , to g a p e
6ド 그치다 :
to s to p
64* 비교하다 : to c o m p a r e
65 털:
fur, hair
우 …
니 •. • 어뼤__ •ᅭ ■ ■ %,— 了 •て- m핵丫
声 ᄂ^ ᄂ 一, _ • 一 떠一벼
啡 유一_ r, ;~ 〜 一— 하
벼- _ ^라__ __ ) 하 _ _一ᅭ^ 벼
대
그 • 广 r
龜
67^ 손톱 :nail
This character is in the shape of a liand reaching out to grasD and thus only
shows three fingers or three finger nails. Characters w ith this radical
involve ideas o f a 'fig h t' or ‘quarrel,
•
e.g.) 爭 ( 쟁,to fight)
(爪 ) 조
^ T k f a t e )
ᄇ
ᄀ^
69* 소 :COW, o x
寒
( 수 ) 우
늙 다 :o ld , to g e t o ld
\ i L
A pictograph o f a bent ( 匕 ) old person w ith a cane ( ノ) standing ( 土 ). A
shape w ithout 匕 is radical style. It refers to ‘o ld,or ‘person'
e.g.) 老 ( 노 ,o ld ) 者 ( 자 ,person)
h
( 老 ) 로
풀 :g ra s s
O H O 초
( 走 ) 착
•_~^므
~호는— *H^rf.•으 ? 取
73
쓰다 : to u s e
79 화살 : arrow
A Dictoeraph o f an arrow.
e.g.) 知 ( 지,to know ) 短 (단,short)
80 돌 • s to n e
8ド 보이다,신 : to s h o w , g o d s
(ネ ) 시
*
:rice p la n t
2
S3 구멍,동굴 :h o le , cave
JU T kᅳ
85 구슬 :g e m , ja d e
(王) 옥
:• ■ ᅳ •一 . . "こ
..................... :三 ------------- 一 • ᅭ T . 노 . ᅳ ニ 了 : . ,- - - - ^ 一 一 ᅳ그 사 ~ ~ ~ ........................................................................ ' " .V . * ニ 、....: . ᅳ . ᅳ
6 STROKES
옷 : c lo th in g
The too part shows a collar and the lower part shows sleeves. Thus it
represents clothing. U sually, it is found as ネ•
e-g.) 衣 ( 의,clothing) 表 (표5 surface) 初 ( 초,beginning)
( ネ)의
87 쌀 :rice
V
*
대나무 :b a m b o o
8
8
96 : s h ip , b o a t
A pictograph o f a boat. T]
part is the body o f a b o a t
e^g.) 船 ( 선,boat/ship)
97 빛,색 : c o lo r
This character shows a person bending. It refer to tlie sex act. In many
languages, a color is used to describe pornography, ('blue m ovie' in
English, 'yellow m ovies’ in Chinese.)
I ________________ !
A e.g.) 色 ( 색,color)
98 벌레 :in s e c t
쏘^
99 피 :b lo o d
다니다,행하다 : to g o a r o u n d , to d o ,
じ
그^ • 느■느노그ᄂ■■1 -세그스으s,- 1 一ᅳ 대cニニ: 으^ 씻 옳 ᄂ • 상드三ぐ:—
丁느 바レ!一^ ^ ~
덮다 :to cover
li
(이 아
나
ニ~ — - r ᄂ^ ^ 획■一 j i , . ^ - - - • :- i : ♦か 니— _ 히^ — ᄂ 려출j ■역g ^ p g ^ g T s r y 후
7 STROKES
. 一: ~ ~ ᄍ 노 했r ~— i j i
03 보다 : to se e
(W* 뿔 : horn
105 -
말씀,말하다 : s p e e c h ,to ta lk
The four lines fo m iing the upper part o f the character sym bolize words
coining out of the m outh ( 口)• This is related to 'ta lk in g ',
e.g.) 言 ( 언,words) 記 ( 기,to record) 語 ( 어,language)
술,술병 : a lc o h o l, ja r
8 STROKES
16
길다,어른,대표 • lo n g , a d u lt, h e a d
작은 새 : s m a ll bird
비 :rain
9
1 1
I A Dictograph o f rain,R ain drops (::) fallin g from clouds( 市). Characters
including this are related to cweather’.
e,g.) 雨 (우, rain) 電 ( 전,Kghtning) 雪 ( 설,snow)
(雨 ) 우
푸르다 : b e b lu e
I The upper part (크!) is a sim plined version o f 生 (grow ing plants),
originally depicted a w ell 幷 ( 정) • The water around a w ell generally turns
green w ith moss.
e.g,) 靑 ( 청,blue) 淸 ( 청,clean) Here it used as a sound part.
리
122 얼굴 :
fa c e
323 소리 :s o u n d
124 바람 :w in d
風 33
Insect ( 虫,충) blow n against a sail (凡) by the w ind.
Km
… 1 — =- ‘ - 一^ ^ - - ^
12 5 ^ ^ 스노 ^ 먹다 : to e a t
(!) 식
零
126, ^ 머 리 :h e a d
ᄀ^
IO STROKES
말 : h o rse
132 bone
133
11 STROKES
물고기 :
fish
bird
A pictograph o f a bird w ith wings and talons. Characters w ith this radical
I relate to birds.
I e.g.) 鳥 (조,bird)
검다 : b la c k
3
1X
A pictogi^aph o f a pot under w hich a fire is burning^ A fter burning, the pot
gets sooty and black- It means Cblack\
e.g.) 黑 (흑, black)
14 STROKES
코 :n o s e
15 STROKES
:
te e th
제 1과 숫자 1 (Numbers)
一
ᅳ ニ 드 四 五 六 七 八 九 十
제 2과 숫자ᅳ 2 (Numbers)
人口 弗 百 千 萬 名 億兆
제 3과 날짜 (Days)
年月 生 火水 木 金 土 中 休 躍
제 4과 방향 (方向,Direction)
方向 大門 東 西 南 北 山車
제 5과 한국 (韓國,Korea)
韓 國 本 男女 子 美 漢字 民力
外 央 英 出入 市内 軍 交 官
世界 文化 言語 訪問 京學
分 小 全部 高低 多少 上下
제 9과 인간 (人間,People)
間 自 己 心 不安 身 立 各 由 主
5 0 T i t l e s d n d d\<XYdcteYS 45
제10과 가족 총,Family)
家族 父母 核 兄弟 夫婦 祖 孫
每 事 校 記者 ェ 失 手 明 有 骨
제12과 시간 ( 時間,Time)- 1
時間 午 今 前後 週末 平來
제13과 시간 (時間,Time)-2
過去 現在 古代 未 近 通 場 形
제14과 시간 (時間,Time) —3
切個牟 正直 期 長短 昨 再
表 朝 鮮 財 光 使 館 錄 行 比
對 州 羊毛 目的 洋 法 先 單 案
反 左右 死 公私 幸 非 t 第
存元完 定決等 必要 充足 重
强弱富 貧新舊 可能 原 因 結 果
洲 海 陸 太 印度 亞 阿加 漆
進 相 泰 臺 灣 佛 蘭 獨 逸 駐 共和
제23과 생활 (生活,Life)
治 衣 食 住 居 式 動 性 老 用
運 面 刀 切 貨 店 員 親 展 不 所
姓 李 朴 崔 尹 張 盧 便 鄭 姜 趙 洪 林
제26과 자연 ( 自然,Nature)
然 天 她 花 草 植 物 風 雨 n 魚
春 夏 秋 冬 象タ 氣 馬 肥 石 鳥
제28과 색 ( 色,Colors)
色白 黑 青 赤 紅 黃 基 綠 種 無 點
제29과 신문 (新聞,Newspapers)
聞 情 報 刊 紙 政 治 經 濟 敎 育
제30과 방송 (放遊,Broadcasting)
敎 送 局 域 機 故 油 價 株 稅 料
祭 際 權 協 助 戰 爭 次 保 禁止 合
제32과 한국전쟁 (韓國戰爭,The Korean War)
歷 史 命 舍 防 冷 統領 脫 委 努
府 閣 義 議 務 織 理黨 與 選 擧
頂 談 題 商 兩 意 見 改善 話 論
島 特別 登 蒼 田 邱 觀 客 慶 寺
室 授 業 容 質 說 答 作 茶 課 信
書 圖 堂 實 飲 房 復習 發 音 材 道
成功 才 敗 開 閉 畫 夜 格 最 錄
제39과 학교 (學校,School)
制 科 師 數 樂 試 驗 卒 西 費 院
計 修 專 攻 士 位 職 求 頌 博 就
제41 과 차례 (次例,Order)
例 病 鐵 票 電路 驛 轉 顺 序
祝賀 差異 牛 件 企 製品 農產
勞始 貿易 退 勤 責任 告約 銜
速 輸 當 得 投資 源 沉 利 益 量
제45과 감정 (感情,Feelings)
感 狀 受 志 好 友 邦 惡念 永 遠
落 昇 減 增 賣 買 敵 免 損
宗 傳 紀 境 換 球 知 識 旅 婚
貴 竹 招 待 福 參席 到着 區 洞
제49과 범죄 (犯罪,Crime)
犯罪 號囚 良 酒 警察 武器 刑
제50과 직 업 (職業,Jobs)
副 局 歌 盡 詩 技 術 研 究 藥 醫
하나 :o n e , unity
A pictograph o f a single extended finger,
e.g.) 일월 January. 통일 unMcation ,제유
ol
5
一 (한 일) 부 + 0 획 = 총 1획
둘 : tw o
A pictograph o f tw o extended fingers,
e.g.) 이월 February,이중 double
획 = 총2 획
셋 : th re e
A pictograph o f three extended fmgers.
e.g.) 삼월 M arch ,제삼자 third party
- (한 일) 부 + 2 획 = 총3획
넷 :fo u r
The o ld form was but this was easily confused, so it was changed to 四
入
P (입 구)부 + 2 획 = 총5 획 n F7 四 四
다섯 :
five
A t first,it was w ritten as “X ” being four lines and a center,i. e. five parts,
and placed between ニ (heaven and earth) w hich represent the dual powers
o f y in and yang. The five parts also beget the fiv e elements. (水,火, 木5
金,土 water,fire, w ood, m etal, earth)
O e.g.) 오월 M ay, 오분 five minutes
ニ ( 두 이 )부 + 2 획 = 총4 획 一 丁 ^ 표
일곱 : se v e n
It is a bent version o f the 十(ten) character. It represents a line cutting
another. It was used phonetically to express seven, and was probably
especially favored since it roughly resembled a bent finger under a fist, an
old way o f signaling seven. M em ory tip: some Westerners write seven 구.
I f you reverse it, it is very sim ilar to 七. e.g.) 칠월 July, 칠면조 turkey.
- (한 일)부 + 1획 = 총2 획 쓰 七
여덟 :e ig h t
The four fingers o f each hand outstretched sym bolize 'eight
e.g.) 팔월 August,삼팔선 the thirty-eighth parallel
팔 八 (여덟 팔) 부 + 0 획 = 총2 획 八
°1 ^ :n in e
The character for ten(十) w ith a hook on the cross stroke represents the
concept o f subtraction.
e.g.) 구월 구일 September the ninth
乙 (새 을)부 + 1 획 = 총2 획 九
The im age o f tw o lines crossing sym bolizes the four points o f the compass
(north, south, east, west) and can express the concept o f completeness.
People think that ten is a perfect number. O r ten out o f ten is a perfect
score.
e.gO 십대 teenager,적십자 the Red Cross
(열 십) 부 + 0 획 ニ총2 획 ᅳ 十
체1과 4 •카 51
渗 단어 (Words)
일
년 월 월 월 월 월 월 월 월 월 월
일이
년 one year
January
ニ월 February
삼
사
三월 March
四월 April
오 유
五월 M ay
칠
六월 June
七월 July
팔
구
八월 August
九월 September
시 십 십
일이
+월 October
월 월
November
이이
+ ニ월 December
일 세
십오
23 years old
* :!
二十三세
3 독해 (Reading Comprehension)
There are twelve months in the year. They are January, Feoruary, March, April, May,June, July,
August, September, October,November and December. In Korea, the four seasons are distinct.
Usually Spring is from March to May. Summer is from June to August And from September to
November is Autumn. From December to February is Winter. Today is July 25 and it's my birthday.
I am now 23 years old.
~ * —•
-- -
( ) ( )
1 2 3 4 5
_ᄂ
ハ ( ) 八 ( ) 十
6 7 8 9 10
2 . 다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 三년 五개월
② 四계절
③ 二十六세
m 재미있는 사자성어
一 石 二 鳥 일석이조 (이다)
해,날, 빛 :s u n , d a y , light
A pictograph o f the sun w ith a sunspot. It can refer to Japan.
e^gO 일기 diary, 생일 birthday, 휴일 holiday, 일본 Japan
o)
日 (날 일) 부 + 0 획 = 총4획 门 F1 曰
ᄉ :p e r s o n ,p e o p le
A pictograph o f a standing person-
t.g.) 인사 greetings/persomel^ 인간 hum 해 인형 doll,인어 m erm aid
o
A (사람 인) 부 + 0 획 = 총2 획 A
입 :m o u th
A pictograph o f a m outh. It sym bolizes speech or one person,
e.g.) 인구 p ^ u la tio n ,입구 entrance, 출구 exit, 항구 port
구
ロ (입 구) 부 + 0 획 = 총3획 n v
이름,사람의 수 :n a m e , p e r s o n s (c lassifie r fo r th e p e o p le )
In the dim lig h t o f dusk. ( 夕), it was necessary to call (□ ) another’s name
(名) in order to identify them.
e.g.) 명힘- nam e card, 유명하다 fam ous, 30 명 thirty persons
□ (입 구)부 + 3 획 ニ총6 획
i ”
아니다,달러 • n o t, d o lla r
Because o f the sim ilanty or this character w ith $5 弗 has been adopted to
signify “dollar”.
e.g) 백만 불 1 niU lion dollars
弓 (활 궁) 부 + 2 획 = 총5획 티 측 弗
-V 호!
:. •그그^ 그-그
白 (흰 백)부+ i 획 = 총6 획 ^ 7 TT 可 百
천:
th o u s a n d
+ means 'ten' and ノ means . Continued duDlication by 10
‘duplication,
reaches 1000.
e.g.) 천만 ten m illio n , 수천 several thousands
만, 모두 : te n th o u s a n d , all
A pictograph o i a scorpion w ith a lo t of legs.
e.g.) 만원 ten thousand w on ,백만 m M o n ,만일 if ,만약 if
•H■ (풀 초) 부 + 3획 = 총 13 획 ᅭ 并 首 萬 萬 萬
:
one h u n d r e d m illio n
Person ( i ) and m eaning/significance しが 의). O ne hundred m illio n is a big
enough niim ber to be significant to anyone,
e.g.) 일억 one hundred m illio n ,십억 1 b illio n
•• trillion, s ig n ,o m e n
A pictograph o f cracks in a turtle’s shell after it is burnt. In ancient times,
a divm er w ould bum a turtle’s shell and divine by observing the cracks. It
im plies a sign or omen. Since there were so m any cracks, the character also
signifies ' trillio n \
e .g ,
) si gn, one trillion
3# 독해 (Reading Comprehension)
Toaay is September 28. It has been seven months and 14 days since I came to Korea. Right now
one dollar is one thousand five hundred won. The population of Seoul is about ten million. The
population of Korea is about fifty million. The population of Japan is around one hundred million.
The population of China is around one billion. This company’s annual sales target is one trillion won.
4) 연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 从1 보세요.
① 曰 ② ᄉ
③ P ④ 名
⑤ 弗 ⑥ 百
⑨ 億 ⑩ 兆
단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 시コ ② 四十名
③ 千萬名 ④ 百萬弗
⑤ 一億名 ⑥ 十億名
⑦ 七兆 .十八億五千九百萬
恩 AH 미 았 는 사자성어
1) 삼삼오오 걸어 다닙니다.
They go by twos or threes.
2) 삼삼오오 이야기하며 갑니다.
They go in small conversing group.
作 心 三 曰 작심삼일 (이다)
P
作 작 (만들다,make) e 心 심 (마음,heart,mind)
三 삼 (셋,three) • 日 일 (해/날,sun/day)
테 :y e ar
R ice plant ( 木5 m eaning part) and thousand (十,전,sound part)- It takes a
year to harvest a lo t (千) o f rice plants (禾)• Rice plants are harvested once
each year.
e-g.) 내년 next year, 청소년 teenager,연금 pension, 학년 school year
불:
fire
A fire w ith flam es and sparks,
e.g.) 화재 fire ,화요일 Tuesday,화가 나다 to get angry
화
火 (불 화) 부 + 0 획 = 총4획 、 、 火
물 :w a te r
A pictograph o f a river. The central stroKe shows the current ana tne dots
depict ripples,
e.g.) 수영 sw im m ing, 수준 level, 생수 m ineral water
入
水 (물 수) 부 + 0 획 ニ총^
그
^!ᅳ
더室j속7교려;!디부
^^
모 藥
木 (나무목)부+0획= 총4획 一 十 才 木
금, 금속,돈,김씨 : g o ld , m e tal, m o n e y , s u r n a m e K im
The com bination o f a contraction form o f 今 (금/now , sound part) and two
dots (srnny nuggets) buried in the ground ( i 토, land, meaning part),
금속 metal, 낳]선생 Mr/
e.g.) Ms. Kim, 징느학금 scholai-ship5
金 현금 cash,요금 fee
ᅳ노
금 /김
金 (쇠 금) 부+ 0획= 총8획 八 쇼 令 令 舍 金
! .
土
A pictograph o f vegetation w hich penetrates the ground and grows,
e.g.) 토ス| land,두 일 Saturday,영토 temtory
X
s
土 (흙 토) 부+ 0획= 총3 획 一 + 土
기움데 안 :
m id d le , a m o n g , in s id e
Two components ‘m outh ,( ロ,here im plies a target board) and 'pierced'
( 1, 곤,Chinese arrow pierces middle of target).
中
e.g.) 중심 core, 중국 China,집중 concentotion, 중간 the middle,
궁소기업 medium and small enterprise
0
1 (뚫을곤)부+ 3획= 총4획 、 n 口 中
쉬다,그만두다: to rest, to s to p
A person ( イ) is taking a rest under a tree (木),
ィ (사람 인)부+4획=:
총6획 ノイ仁 什 什 休
_ • 1
빛나다 :
to s h in e
A combination of sun ( 曰), feathers (羽,우, sound part) and a small bird • 』ᄂ
_
(隹). The bird’s feathers reflect the sun's rays. |
e.g) 요일 days of the week
曜
ダ 1
o
日 (한 일) 부+ w 획= 총1S획 ] n 日 r r 코曝
체3과 如 !■ 59
③ 단어 (Words)
Today is January 25, 2004. It has been two years since I came to Korea. I go to school on
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday. But on Saturday and Sunday, I don’t go. Among
my teachers, I like Ms Kim the best. The great majority of my friends seem to like Ms Kim the best
too. It’s my birthday on the 27th and it’s a holiday in Korea. IVe invited 15 friends to my house.
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 年 ② 月
③ 生 ④ 火
⑤ 水 ⑥ 木
⑦金 ⑧ 土
⑨ 中 ⑩ 休
⑩ 曜
단어의 음과 뜻음 써 보세요,
① 生曰 ② 休曰
③ N + 中에서 ④ 金선생님
•D 日曜曰 ② 月曜日
:
D 火曜曰 ④ 水曜日
D 木曜日 ⑥ 金曜日
5) 土曜曰
方 (모 방) 부 + 0 획 = 총4 획 亏 方
방향,향하다 : d ire c tio n , to fa c e to w a rd s
向
A house (□ ) w ith a w indow ( ロ) • The direction the w indow faced was
considered im portant, usually north for good ventilation. The downward
slash at the top ( / ) indicates north,
e.g.) 향싱、im provem ent,방향 direction, 경향 tendency
ロ (입 구) 부 + 3획 = 총6 획
동쪽 :e a st
The sun is nsm g oehmd a tree. Thus it indicates daw n and east,
e.g.) 동양 The O rient,중동 The M iddle East
도
木 (나무 목) 부 + 4 획 = 총8획 行 合 中 章 東
I
서쪽 : w est
西
A bird in its nest Most buds, especially crows, go back to their nests
the evening, w hen the sun goes dow n in the west,
e.g.) 서해 W est Sea,서양 W estern,서フ} A 1X
(덮을 아) 부 + 1획 = 총6획
남쪽 :s o u th
Flowers/plants/trees in the greenhouse. Since the south is warmer than the
! north,the further south you go the more flowers and trees you see.
e^g.) 남한 South Korea, 남극 The South Pole5 남대문 South Gate o f Seoul
나
(열 십)부 + フ
획 - 총9 획 1ᄀ 内 南 肉 南
山 (산 산)부+0획= 총3획
성
曰 (날 일)부+5획= 총9획 曰 严 른 罕 軍 星
체 나 과 b k -> 63
馨 단어 (Words)
四;
大門 사대문 four main gates
東西南北 동서남북 the East,the West,the South
南:
大門 남대문 the South Gate,Namdaemun
Hᄆ the North Gate
北門
東ᄎ門 동대문 the East Gate,Dongdaemun
西ᄎ門 서대문 the West Gate,Sodaemun
南山 남산 Namsan Mountain
方向 방향 direction
車 차 a car
ニ千五百원 이천 오백 원 2,
500 won
六三빌딩 육삼빌딩 the 63 Building
ニ単회사 삼성 회사 Samsung Company
3 독해 (Readinq Comprehension)
In the old days Seoul had four mam gates. They were the South Gate, the North Gate, the bast
Gate and the West Gate. Nowadays only the South Gate and the East Gate remain. As it’s a public
holiday today, my friend and I went to Namsan. I wasn’t sure of wmch direction to go to get to
Namsan. So instead of driving, I went by subway. There were a lot of people at Namsan — it’s like
that on a holiday. You have to pay 5,000 won to get into Namsan Tower. For kids it’s 2,500 won.
That afternoon I went sightseeing at Namdaemun Market, Samsung Company,the 63 Building and as
한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요,
① 方 ② 向
③ 東 ④ 西
⑤南 ⑥ 北
⑦ '欠 ⑧ 門
⑨ 山 ⑩ 車
© 星
2. 다음 단어의 음과 뜻음 써 보세요,
① ᄎ門 ② 方向
③ 東西南北 ④ 南ᄎ門 시장
⑤ 東ᄎ門 시장 ⑥ 南山
⑦ 車 ⑧ 三星
m 재미^는 A m ᅡ성어
馬 耳 東 風 마이동풍 (이다)
ᄋ 馬 마 (말,horse) ᄋ 耳 이 (귀,ear)
• 東 동 (동쪽,east) • 風 풍 (바람,wind)
:K o re a
A Composition o f early m orning (left part) and leather ( 낳), Korea is called
“the Land o f the M orning C alm ” and the leather im plies a national border,
i e.g.) 힌국 Korea, 한반도 Korean peninsula, 남한 South Korea,
북한 N orth Korea
韋 (가죽 위) 부 + S획 = 총 17획
나라 : c o u n try
The n iilita iy ( 戈,spear) protects the national border ( ロ, b i? m outh),people
( 口) and territory (一)• Japanese use
e.g.) 국7 トcountry, 외국 foreign country, 줄•그
| departure from country,
입국 entry into a country, 국민 people, 국방 national defence
( 国) 국
(큰입 구) 부 + s 획-총 11획 n 同 國 同國國
힘 :stre n g th , pow er
The bulging m uscular arm of one endowed w ith great strength,
e.g.) 협력 cooperation ,능력 ability ,실력 real ability, 노력 effort^
매력 atoactiveness,역도 w eight lifting
력 ( 역) 力 (힘 력) 부十0 획 = 총2획 ᄀ 力
민족 : p e o p le
The com bination o f a m outh ( P ) and M r./M s. (a polite title) (K ). A m outh
im plies a person and a polite form o f address means a lot o f people.
민족 people, 국민 nation ,시민
e.gO citizen, 이민 inm dgratio^
민주주의 d e m ra 민요 fo lk song
'
氏 (성 씨) 부 + 1 획 = 총5 획 戸 民
I ^5 사 I■이,
19 접미사
ロ 1 1 •: son
니니 ,child,
w■■"니, suffix
4 H 뺄핼 행 ず
X
子 (아들 자) 부 + 0 획 = 총3획 子
66 LEARM HAMJA TME FUM WAV
^ スh • m a n , m a ie
U sually the person who worked ( 力) in the fields ( 田) was a man.
e.g.) 남ス
トm an, 장남 first son ,남성 m ale,alska good-lookiiig man,
님-매 brother and sister,처님- one,
s w ife's brother
이름 미 국 : beautif^^ A m e ric a
The im age o f a big (大) sheep (羊) suggests o f ‘good taste,and 'beautiful\
I f you have a big sheep,it provides food for longer. B e au tifu l!! In the case
of 4Am erica ^ (美) is used to phonetically represent “A m irica” くsic>.
Japanese use the character '米 ( 미,rice)' for Am erica,
e.g.) 미인 beauty, 미국 the U nited States, 미용실 beauty shop
羊 (양 양)부十3획= 총9^ ᅳ ^ 누 M 盖 美
제5과 한공 67
g) 단어 (Words)
韓 南
國
한 나ロ북 일 중 남 여 남
국
韓
한한
韓
Korea
北
South Korea
North Korea
本
본
日
中
國
국
子
Japan
-China
男
女
man
자 남
구 男
南
③ 독해 (Reading Comprehension)
Korea is a country with a five thousand-year history. Korea is between Japan and China. Its
population is around fifty million. People say 'Southern men and northern women.’ This means that
in the south,the men are handsome, and in the north, the women are beautiful. And in Korean, like
4 연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자를 읽고 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 韓 r ② 國
③ 力 ' ④ 民
⑤ 男 ⑥ 女
⑦ 子 ③ 本
⑨ 美 ⑩ 漢
⑩ 字
2. 다음 단어를 읽고 움과 뜻음 써 보세요.
① 韓國 ② 中國
③ 日本 ④ 美國
⑤ 美ᄉ ⑥ 美男
⑦ 男子 ⑧ 女子
⑨ 漢字 ⑩ 國民
③ 國カ © 南男北女
3. 다음 ( ) 안에 알맞은 말을 써 보세요.
처15:
라^ 69
제6과 외 국 인 (外國人,Foreigners)
중앙 : ce nte r, m id d le
「J is a yoke around the neck and 大 is a b ig person. The focus here is 011
the neck because it represents the 'central’ line o f the body.
e.g.) 중앙 center, central
大 (큰 대)부+2 획= 총5획 과 央 央
ᅳ 二
꽃부리 :
th e c o ro lla o f a flow er, su p e rio r, E n g la n d
Grass/plant (++) and center (央,잉^ sound part). It indicates the corolla o f
a flow er. It came to m ean superior. It is also used for the first syllable for
E ngland
e.g.) 영어 E nglish language ,영웅 hero ,영국 B ritain
나
마^ 나
요
j
는 jip k 획ᅳ
ト(풀 초)부+ 5획ニ총9획
나가다 :
to g o o u t, to c o m e o u t
A plant's bud ( 中) com m g out o f the ground The ancient form o f this
character depicts a foot ( 止) striding out o f a cave dw elling and means 'to
go o ut,
.
e.g.) 줄국 departure from a country, 외줄 going out
A (들 입)부+ 0 획= 총2획 ノ 入
안 :in s id e
A person enters (入) into the house (D ).
e^g.) 내각 Cabinet,국내 domestic, 시내 내용 contents.
내성적 intoverted ,안내 guidance
( 内) 내 (들 입)부+ 2 획ニ총4 획
A 门 pi 內
(저녁 석) 부 + 2획 = 총5 획 ク夕夕1 外
시장 , 도시 :m a rk e t, city
A com bination o f head (— , 두) and tow el / silk cloth ( 巾,건). People (— )
buy goods such as cloth ( 巾) in a m arket M arkets were usually held in
large towns or cities.
e-g.) 시장 m arket,도시 city ,시청 C ity H all
巾 (수건 건) 부 + 2 획 = 총5획
군인,군대 • so ld ie r, a rm y
To cover (/_% 멱) and car/venicle ( 卓, ス
卜). A covered vehicle, nam ely
supply w agon,sym bolizes can aim y’ on the move,
e.g.) 군인 soldier,군대 arm y, 미군 American soldier
교환하다 : to m a k e frie n d s, to e x c h a n g e
A pictograph o f a person crossing his legs w ith hat (— )• Crossing im plies
m aking friends and exchange.
e.g,) 외교관 diplom at, 교환 exchange, 교통 traffic, 교저j dating
(머리 두) 부 + 4 획 - 총6획 ナ 六 グ
관리 • g o v e r n m e n t official
The government o fficial has a large num ber o f documents in heaps ( 頭,퇴)
in his office ( ^ ) . A fat o fficial (I弓) is sitting in his office.
e.gO 관리 government o fficial, 외교관 diplom at
2 단어 (Words)
中央 중앙 a center
英國 영국 G re a t B rita in
외국 a fo re ig n c o u n try
外國人 외국인
中國 중국 C h in a
日本 일본 Ja p a n
出國 출국 le a v in g th e c o u n try
入國 입국 e n te rin g th e co un try
美軍 미군 a n A m e ric a n s o ld ie r
外交官 외교관 a d ip lo m a t
國內 국내 d o m e s tic ,n a tio n a l
市內 시내 d o w n to w n
漢字 한자 C h in e se characters
3 독해 (Reading Comprehension)
다음 한자县 읽고 음과 뜻을 써 보세요,
① 央 ② 英
③ 外 ④ 出
⑤ 入 ⑥ 內
⑦ 市 ⑧ 軍
⑨ 交 ⑩ 官
2. 다음 단어를 읽고 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 甲央 ② :吳國
③ 外國 ④ 外國ᄉ
⑤ 韓 -日 ⑥ 韓ᅳ美
⑦ 韓 -中 ⑧ 韓 -英
⑨ 南北韓 ⑩ 出口와 A ᄆ
⑩ 出國과 入國 ⑩ 市內
© 美軍 外交官
행 재미있는 사자성어
체 6과 73
제7과 세 계 (世界 ,The World)
世
世 was the prim itive form o f leaves (葉). Tree leaves were linked together
A nd three tens (十Hᅳh ^ ) means “30”. There was an old saying that
years make a generation (一世) ”.
e.g.) 세대 generation ,세계 w orld ,세상 w orld ,세기 century
비 一 (날 일)부十4획= 총5획
경계 : b o u n d a ry , a re a
The com bination o f field ( 田) and between (介). D ivision o f land led to
both boundaries and areas.
e.g.) 세계 w orld, 정치계 political circles ,한계 lim it
TT7
田 (밭 전)부+4획= 총9획
^■장 :w riting, s e n te n c e
O riginally it m eant beautiful and intricate patterns or stripes, was
우
文 (글월 문)부+0획= 총4획 7 又
되다 : to c h a n g e , to b e c o m e
化
! The com bination o f a standing person ( イ) and a fallen person ( 匕). It
indicates a change o f state. O r this character indicates a sitting old person.
A n experienced old m an can change an uncivilized younger man.
e.g.) 화학 chernistry, 문화 culture, 현대화 m odernization
화 匕 (비수 비)부+2획ニ총4획
말씀 : w o rd
The roiir lines fom ung the upper part or the character sym bolize words
com ing out o f a m outh (□ )•
e.g.) 언어 language, 방언 dialect, 조언 advice ,선언 declaration
서울 • c a p ita l city
The b ig stone m onum ent (— ) stood
distinguish it from sm aller cities.
e.g.) 동경 Tokyo ,북경 服伸 상경 going up” to the Capital
처h :라 세계 75
2) 단어 (Words)
世界 세계 the woria
ロpn 언어 language
文化 문화 culture
訪問하다 방문하다 to visit
英語 영어 English
中國語 중국어 Chinese
日本語 일본어 Japanese
ᄎ學生 대학생 a university student
北京 북경 Beijing
東京 동경 Tokyo
訪日 방일 a visit to Japan
訪中 방중 a visit to China
訪美 방미 a visit to U.S.
訪英 방영 a visit to Great Britain
訪韓 방한 a visit to Korea
3 독해 (Reading Comprehension)
Throughout the world,there are various languages and cultures. Through travelling the world, we
can leam about different cultures. Many foreigners are visiting Korea and Koreans are visiting foreign
countries too. When travelling abroad, it,s convenient if you know the language. I too know how to
speak English, Chinese and Japanese. I have a lot of foreign friends. During my university days, I
studied in Beijing for one year. As well as Chinese Mends, I made a Japanese ftiend too. My Japanese
friend lives in Tokyo. It’s that friend’s birthday on the weekend,so I intend to go to her house.
한자의 음과 뜻음 써 보세요.
① 世 ②界
③ 文 ④ 化
⑤ 言 ⑥ 語
⑦ 訪 ⑧ 問
⑨ 京 ⑩ 學
다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 言語 ② 外國語
③ 英語 ④ ᄎ學生
⑤ 東京과 北京 ⑥ 文化
⑦ 世界 ⑧ 訪問하다
⑨ 訪中 ⑩ 訪韓
金대통령,九月 六日 訪美 예정
제8 과 대소 9 고저 , 다소
(大小,高低,多少,Size,Height, Amount)
작 다 : sm a ll
小 (소) is actually a stylish representation o f 'three sm all dots, (
e.g.) 소설 novel,축소 reduction ,감소하다 to decrease
知
他
스
^ (작을 소)부+0획= 총3획
고 古 古
(높을 고)부+0획:=총10 획
낮다 : low
A com bination o f person ( イ) and low er part o f other person/hill ( S ? 저,
sound part). So this represents a person ( イ) w ho is a low ly (& )
commoner. Low social status came to m ean low more generally •
e.g.) 저온 low temperature, 최저 the lowest
적다 : less, few , sh o rt of
The com bination o f 小 (S i, sm all,sound part) and ノ (slash) • It means to
cut sm aller or dim inish ( ノ) that w hich is already sm all, thus m aking it
less.
e.g.) 소년 boy ,소녀 girl,다소 somewhat
入
(작을 소)+1획= 총4획 少
위 :above
Above a horizontal base line is drawn a dot to sym oolize ‘above,
,
e.g.) 상원 The Senate,상관 boss,이상 m ore than
완전하다,모두 : to b e c o m p le te , all, w h o le
A king (王) was believed to be a person w ho cou
e.g.) 전국 the w hole country, 안전 safety ,완전히
刀 (칼 도) 부 + 2획 총4획
[5 (고을 읍) 부 + 8 획 = 총 11 획
많다 : m a n y ,a lot
If several evemnes ( 夕) are placed one atop the other, several days have
passed giving the im age o f 'm any'.
e.g.) 다수 large num ber, 다행 good fortune ,다정하다 be affectionate
다 (저녁 석) 부 + 3 획 = 총6부 ノ ク ク 슛
그기 .
" " — 'へ 우~~
_ ^ * p 'f f ■ 정■ - ,•쎄 於 향1- ■■내우- * ■ rr • i T m v 그
?*으
- ■. 트드; ず -',*r * . . 때
? ? 4,* 一 — ,v ' * t . v t 그
ニ자
_ • • 하 _ 느 *,
'•广 느■.■그•* 그p ) } i ) w r y ぐf
w .? .v - ~ mmm~ 치厂 세 1吹. ᄌ
ワ界微w v 표드
처18과 대소, 고ス
i 마소 79
2 단어 (Words)
多少 다소 a little, somewhat
市內 시내 city,downtown
;大部分 대부분 most of
大人 대인 an adult
小ᄉ 소인 children
全가족 전가족 the whole family
女高生 여고생 a female high school student
日本語 일본어 the Japanese language
五人分 오인분 5 servings (of pulgogi)
高혈맙 고혈압 high blood pressure
低혈압 저혈압 low blood pressure
軍ᄉ 군인 a soldier
上下관계 상하관계 up and down,rank
上官 상관 a superior, a boss
3 독해 (Reading Comprehension)
Today was a holiday so I went with my boyfriend to Namsan Tower. It was a little cloudy,but
we could see most of the city of Seoul. Admission for adults is 5000 won and for children it is 2500
won. There were a lot of foreigners. My whole family enjoyed seeing the sights. I spoke in Japanese
with a Japanese female high school student who was visiting Korea. At lunch we ate five servings of
pulgogi. If you have high blood pressure you cannot eat much meat. High blood pressure is bad,but
low blood pressure is bad too. My boyfriend is a soldier. Soldiers pay a great deal of attention to
One must follow the orders of a superior.
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요B
①小 ② 局
③低 ④ 上
⑤下 ⑥ 全
⑦ 部 ⑧ 多
⑨少 ⑩ 分
部
男 火
少
h 女
低
全
水 下
3. 다음 단어의 음과 뜻음 써 보세요.
i: 多少 ② ;大部分
D 大人 ④ 小人
호 全國 ⑥ 女高生
^ 低혈압 ⑧ 上官
시•이 :b e tw e e n , s p a c e , g a p
Sunlight ( 曰) or m oonlight (月) appears through a gate or door ( 門). (In
olden tim es, m oon 月 could be used instead o f sun 日 w ith no change o f
m eaning,)
e,g.) 기간 period o f tim e ,중간 the m iddle ,시간 tim e
曰 (날 일)부 + 8 획= 총 12 획 r r n 門 間 間
자기 자신 :o n e s e lf
A pictograph or a nose. Because the nose sticks out most prom inently from
the face, it characterizes the person and sym bolize their personality. So this
character personifies “s e lf’ or “oneself,
,
e.g.) ストフ1 スᅡ흐사 autom obile ,スト신 setf-confideM
oneself, 자살 suicide,
スト워 volunteer,ス
ト유 freedom
자
自 (스스로 자) 부 + 0 획 = 총6획
몸 : o n e 's b o d y
A Dictograph of a twisting thread rhe ancient oeople kept a record of
events by tying knots. Afterwards, this functioned as a first person pronoun.
T hink o f a kneeling person,
e.g.) 자기 self,이기적 selfish
그
己 (몸 기) 부 + 0획 = 총3 획 己
심장 :h e a rt,m in d
A Dictograph of one’s heart The variant of this is In ancient times
A
心 (마음 심)부十0 획 = 총4 획
불 /부 - (한 일) 부 + 3획 = 총4. ダ 不不
:그
:ご ニニ!
:그
(집 면)부+3획= 총6획
몸 :b o d y
A Dictograph of a pregnant woman. It symboliz
e.g.) 신분증 ID card,자신 oneself, 신치] body
身 (몸 신)부+0획= 총7획
I 서다 :to s ta n d
1 A Dictograph o f a m an standing on the ground,
e.g.) 입장 stm dpoint, 국립 m tio m l establishment, 사립 private establishment.
독립 independeiw
팁( 입) 立 (설 립)부+0 획= 총5획
AA • e a c h ,re sp e ctiv e ly
Slow walking/cross-legged (:父) and m outh (□ )• Each person sits cross-
legged around a table.
e.g.) 긱•각 respectively, 각국 each nation
(입 구)부+3획= 총6획 ク 久 各 各 各
o
Tf
(밭 전)부+1획= 총5획 n 由 由 由
주인,주로 :m a s te r, lord, m a in ly
It represents a lighted w ick ( 、,千,sound part) on a stand (또) and
originally it was used to indicate a large lam p to give light to one's master
I or lord
^ host/owner,민구주의 democracy ,주로 m ainly
(점 주)부+4획= 총5획 不 王
체9;라 ^ 83
같다 : sam e
A variant o f general/comm on ( 凡) and m outh ( 口), Com m on m outh'
im plies the same opinion.
e.g.) 동생 younger brother, 동시에 at the same tim e
Jl
ロ (입 구) 부 + 3획 ニ총6획 门 n 同 同 同
2 단어 (Words)
ᄉ間 인간 a h u m a n oerng, a M a n
自身 자신 o n e s e lf
各自 각자 e v e ry o n e ,e ach o n e , re sp e ctiv e ly
人生 인생 s life (abstract th o u g h t o n ly )
主ᄉ 주인 a h o s t, a m aste r, an
自立하다 자립하다 to b e co m e in d e p e n d e n t
自由 자유 fre e d o m
ᄇH a p art
部分 厂ii:
不安하다 불안하다 to b e u n e a sy ,to b e a n x io u s
主로 주로 m a in ly , g e n e ra lly
一 □ 二 言 ( 하다 ) 일구이 언( 하 다 ) a do ub le - to n g ue ; d o u b le - d e alin g
同生 동생 s ib lin g
3 독해 (Reading Comprehension)
4 연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요
① 間 ② 自
③ 己 ④ 心
⑤不 ⑥ 安
⑦ 身 ⑧ 立
⑨各 ⑩ 由
© 主 ⑩ 同
2. 다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요
① ᄉ間 ② 各自
③ 自身 ④ 自立하다
⑤ 主ᄉ ⑥ 不安하다
⑦ 自由 ⑧ ᄎ部分
⑨ 同生 ⑩ ᄉ生
체 9 :라 85
제10과 가 족 (家族,Family)
집 :h o u s e , fam ily , p e rs o n
A long tim e ago, a ll houses (HV) used to raise pigs ( 豕).
e.g.) 가족 fam ily ,가구 furniture, 국가 nation, 화가 painter
(집 면)부+7획ニ총10획
가족 : fa m ily , c la n , tribe
A person ( 人) w ith an arrow (矢) at their side (乃) is one o f the clan,
e.gv) 민족 race, 가족 fam ily ,종족 tribe
조
方 (모 방)부+7획= 총11획 7
아버지 •• fa th e r
A father is holding a stick (X ) in his hand ( 八) indicating a stem figure,
e.g.) 부모 parents,신부 Catholic priest
ᄇ
父 (아버지 부)부+0획= 총4획 グ 父
어머니 : m o th e r
A pictograph o f a w om an w ith two dots indicating the darker nipples o f a
w om an's breasts after becom ing a mother.
e.g.) 모친 m other,모교 alm a mater, 계모 step-mother
:n u c le a r, co re , n u c le u s
Tree (木) and hard casing (亥,해,sound part). A hard casing is found on
I the kernel o f some fruits. This means also nucleus and ill m odem times
nuclear.
e.g.) 핵무기 nuclear weapons,핵フ^족 nuclear fam ily ,핵심 the point
부숙! :
w ife, daughter-in-law
The w om an (女) is liftin g (a variant o f 手) the tow el ( 巾) or broom
cleaning the house (/_0. She is a m arried woman or cwife\
e.g.) 부인 m an le ^ w om an, 주부 housewife ,신부 bride, 부부 husband
wife
할 아 버 지 ,조 상 : grandfather, ancestor
Show/god (示) and a pictograph of a plate full of food ( 且,차,sound part)
M any grandfathers have passed away and they became our ancestors. W hile
filling a plate with our grandfather’s favorite food,we remember him.
e.g.) 조상 ancestor, 조부모 grandparents, 조국 fatherland
체10과 4 4 87
3) 단어 (Words)
家族 가족 a family
父母 부모 parents
祖父母 조부모 grandparents
兄님 형님 an elder brother
兄弟 형제 brothers (and sisters)
同生 동생 siblings
男 同生 남동생 a younger brother
女 同生 여동생 a younger sister
孫子 손자 a grandson
孫女 손녀 a granddaughter
大家族 대가족 a large family
核 家族 핵가족 a n u c le a r fa m ily
3; 독해 (Reading Comprehension)
T o k y o to stu d y Japanese.
1. 다음 한자의 움과 뜻음 써 보세요•
① 家 ② 族
③ 父 ④ 母
⑤核 ⑥ 兄
⑦ 弟 ⑧ 夫
⑨婦 ⑩ 同
© 孫 ⑩ 祖
다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 家族 ② 父母님
③ 兄님 ④ 兄弟
⑤同生 ⑥ 男女
⑦ 大家族 ⑧ 夫婦
⑨ 孫子/孫女 ⑩ 祖父母
학교 :s c h o o l
A n exchange (交, sound part) of inform ation under a tree ( 木) w hich later
becomes a “scliooi”.
e.g.) 교장 school principal, 학교
言 (말씀 언) 부 + 3 획 = 총 10획 - r § 5己
广 r.で f ~ — ᅳ 그 ^ , ■
험 g 예 ■이 꾸 严 . ^ 우 - Z Z ^ Z 그 ᅳ «— ^ 5TT:
- \ -
一 . -^_______r . . . ~ , - * ᅳ -• ニ : t t= •사 수 ~1 1 3 드 " 그 ᅳ .
| 사람 :p e rso n
! The upper part indicates an old person who is holding a cane. How do you
향^ ^ ^ ^ 1 get the sun ( 日) being held below the ground (土) w ith a stick ( ノ)? Only
the hum an im agination, or a "person" could do this. Japanese use 者•
e.g.) 부자 rich person, 환자 patient, 기자 reporter, 6 자 회담 SLx-pariy talks
잃다 :
to lo s e s o m e th in g
This m eaning is represented by a hand dropping something.
e.g.) 실수 mistake, 실패 failure ,실밍- disappoint, 실업 imemployment
손 : hand
A pictograpn or one,
s hand w ith five fmgers (one bent).
e.g.) 수건 tow el, 악수하다 to shake hands, 실수하다 to make a mistake
手 (손 수)부+0획ニ총4획 手
밝다 : b rig h t, brilliant, e n lig h te n e d
The com oination o f the sun ( 日) and the crescendo m oon ( 月). It produces
the ideograph for bright, brilliant.
e.g.) 설명하다 to explain ,분명하다 to be obvious
(날 일) 부 + 4획 ニ총8획 I n 日 日 j 日刀 明
있 다 : to have
A pictograph o f carrying m eat ( 肉/ 月,육) in one's hands (a sim plification
of 中). M eat is an im portant thing to have-
e.gO 유명하다 fam ous ,유용하다 useful,유리하다 advantag es
유효하다 valid
骨 (뼈 골)부十0획= 총10획
渗 단어 (Words)
3) 독해 (Reading Comprehension)
I am a Korean American. When I was seven years old, my family emigrated to tne United States.
My parents are currently in the western United States with my younger siblings, and I live in the
east. Everyday I call my parents to see how they are. As soon as I graduated from university5 I began
to work as a journalist. I have to work for one year in Korea. I am studying Korean everyday.
Sometimes, because my pronunciation is not very clear,I make mistakes. I am also writing my diary
in Korean everyday,which is helping with my study of Korean. In the future, I want to go and see
many of Korea’s famous sights.
1. 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
①每 ② 事
③校 ④ 記
⑤者 ⑥ ェ
⑦ 失 ⑧ 手
⑨ 明 ⑩ 有
다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요ᅵ
① 韓國계 美國ᄉ ② 每曰
③ 每月 ④ ᄉ事하다
⑤ 記者 ⑥ 韓國말 工夫
⑦ 分明하다 ⑧ 失手하다
⑨ 曰記 ⑩ 有名 하다
m 재미없는 사자성어
言 中 有 骨 언중유골 (이다)
언 (말씀,words) 中 중 (중,middle)
有 유 ( 있다,to have) ᄋ 骨 골 (뼈,bone)
처 111과 スk l 소 7 1! 93
제I 2과 시 간 (時 間 ,Tim e)-1
시간 :tim e , hour
A com bination o f sun ( 日) and temple or public office (寺 사/入ᄂ sound
part). In olden tim es, a tem ple told the iim e using a sunaiaL
e.g.) 시간 tim e, 시계 watch ,동시에 at the same tim e
人
(날 일) 부 + 6 획 = 총 10획
시•이 :b e tw e e n , s p a c e , g a p
Sunlight ( 日) or m oonlight (月) appears through a gate or door ( 門). (In
olden tim es, m oon 月 could be used instead o f sun 日 w ith no change o f
m eaning,)
e-g.) 기간 period of tim e, 중간 the m iddle, 시간 tim e
曰 (날일)부+s획二총i 2획 r f n 門 間 間
^ :n o o n ,d a y tim e
A pictograph o f a pestle. W hen the pestle stands straight it points toward
the sun at noon.
e.g.) 오전 m orning ,오후 afternoon
o
a 느
(열 십) 부 + 2 획 = 총4 획 午
이제 : now
Three-ply thread / lering people ( 스,집) and a latch ( ᄀ). Since all
participants have gathered the door can be locked,
e^g.) 지금 now ,금년 this year,방금 just now
앞,전 : fro n t, b e fo re
(그니 an abbreviation o f head (철) and transrorm ation o f boat (舟 一 月 ). If
you cut the mooring rope attached to the front o f (bow) the boat, it
“advances” into the sea. O r an abbreviation o f head (首) and sword (刀 一
(j )• The head o f the sword is its tip or front.
e.gO 전고!- the form er, 오전 m orning
(前 ) 전 1J (칼도) 부+ 7획ニ총9획 ^ ᅭ if … す # •前
주일 : week
The com bination o f 周 (주,to encircle/surround, sound Dart) and ᄂ (작,
run). It came to mean the cycle o f tim e and means ca week\ Another week
rolls around.
e.g,) 주말 weekend, 매주 every week
니 달 림 착)부 + 8 획 ニ총 i2 획 n 치 周 、
周 调 週
끝 :end,tip
A pictograph of the tot> ot a tree. There is n o m ote grow th likely irom
such a long branch, so it is the “end”.
e^gO 주말 weekend,연말 end o f the year, 기말 end o f semester
木 (나무 목) 부 + 1획 = 총5 획 一 - 宁 才 末
干 (방패 간) 부 + 2 획 = 총5 획 , ” 소 平
오다 : to c o m e
The top part is ears or com lianging dow n, and the other oart is the p lan t
G rain “comes” from the p lan t
e.g,) 내일 tomorrow, 내년 next year,미래 future
人 (사 람 인 )부 + 6 획 = 총8획 ᅳ t 平^ 來
2 단어 (Words)
時間 시간 time, ai hour
訪問하다 방문하다 to visit
午前 오전 the forenoon, the morning; A.M,
午後 오후 afternoon, P.M. (post meridiem)
V요 + 기 前에 ᅳ기 전에 before doing
V.S.+ ᄂ(은) 後에 - 은 후에 after doing
五日間 오일간 for five days
平日 평일 a weekday,ordinary days
週末 주말 the weekend
一週 日 일주일 a week
今年 금년 this year
年末 연말 the end of the year
來年 내년 next year
來曰 내일 tomorrow
3 독해 (Reading Comprehension)
I am from Bntam. l like travelling and so I have visited many places in East Asia. I have been
to Tokyo and Beijing. I came to Korea in August and I am now learning Korean at Seoul National
University. I still make many mistakes. I study at school everyday from 9 a.m until 12 o'clock. In
the afternoons,I mainly do my homework in the library. I go to school five days a week, from
Monday to Friday. So, on weekdays, I do not have much time. This weekend I am going to go to
Namsan with my Korean girlfriend. After studying until the end of this year, I plan to work at a
Korean company form next year.
1• 다음 하자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 時 ② 間
③ 午 ④ 今
⑤ 前 ⑥ 後
⑦ 週 ⑧ 末
⑨ 平 ⑩ 來
① 時間 ② 訪問하다
③ 午前 ④ ニ千五年 九月 七日 午後 4時 三十分
⑤ 平日 ⑥ 週末
⑦ 每週 ⑧ 今年
⑨來年 ⑩ 年末
© 来日
m 재미있는 사자성어
年 中 無 休 연중무휴 (이다)
께 12과 시 간 97
제 13과 시간 (時間,Time)- 2
과 (달릴 착) 부 + 9 획 ニ총 13획
ᅵ가다,과거 : to g o , to leave, p a s t
A person ( ム,시うpasses away and is buried (土)
I e.g.) 거래 transaction, 과거 past
土
(개인 사) 부 + 3획 = 총5획 去 去
나타나다,현재 : to appear, current
A variant (또) o f beads/gem/jewel ( 玉) and see ( 見,견,sound part). A
jew el is valuable. A jew el you see “now ” is more valuable than one you
had in the past or may have in future,
e.g.) 현지] at present, 표현 expression
玉 (구슬 옥) 부 + 6획 = 총 11 획
Xi
土 (흙 토) 부 + 3 획 = 총6획
! 옛날 : old,ancient
I That w hich has passed through ten ( t j m ouths (□ ) ᅳor a tradition dating
: back ten generations is old, ancient or antique. A ny piece o f news told in
! succession by word o f m outh ten tim es becomes old.
e.g.) 고대 ancient tim es,중고차 used car
고
ロ (입 구) 부 + 2 획 = 총5 획 古 古
아니다 •• n o t, y e t
Tree/wood (木) and one/sm all branch (- 0- The top branch o f a tree still
has to grow over tim e. The branch o f c . im m ature tree doesn’t bear fruit
yet.
e.g-) 미래 future ,미안하다 to be sorry
XJ
木 (나무 목)부十1획= 총5획 ᅭ ^
그
(달릴 착)부+4획= 총8획
拥
R o m e!! M ovem ent ( ᄂ) along a road ( 雨) indicates ucoiium m ication" or
“passage” along a “w ay”. In olden tim es, messages were carried by road
between cities,
e.g.) 통과 passage,통신 telecom m u^ 통해서 through
^ :place
ol
모양 : shape, pattern
A variant of w ell ( 井,정,sound part) and fur/ brush ( ^ ) . One paints
shapes or patterns w ith a brush.
e.g.) 형식 form , 인형 doll
(털 삼)+4획= 총7획
처IB 과 시간 99
W 단어 (Words)
過現未
去在來日年
거
과 현
재래
the past (day),past time
미
the present (time), now
future
來
내
일
년
내
來
tomorrow
next year
&代時
서
해
서
通
해
통
#
시
대
고
대
#( through N
代世代代代場形
古中
age, period
ancient times,antiquity
세
중
근
대대
현
세
generation, age
시
인
a market
형
a doll
3 독해 (Reading Comprehension)
We have a past, a present, and a future. People can live better in the present because of having
been through the past. Furthermore,through the present,we can prepare for the ftiture. We have an
ancient era,medieval era, modem era and present era. Contemporary society is changing very quickly.
So there is a big gap between the new generation and the old generation. In the past, Seoul was far
smaller than at present. Seoul was witnui the four big gates-the South Great Gate (Namdaemun),the
North Gate (Bungmun), the East Great Gate (Dongdaemun), and the West Great Gate (Seodaemun).
Last weekend,I went to the Namdaemun market and I bought one doll. The Namdaemun markets are
much more modem than they used to be.
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 過 ② 去
③ 現 ④ 在
⑤ 古 ⑥ 代
⑦ 未 ⑧ 近
⑨ 通 ⑩ 場
⑩ 形
① 過去 ⑵ 現在
③ 未來 ④ 來日, 來週,來年
⑤ N을(룰) 通해서 ⑥ 時代
⑦ 古代- 中世- 近 代 -現 代 ⑧ 世代
⑨ 市場 ⑩ ᄉ形
m 지I미았c a w ᅣ성어
• 門 문 (문,door)
"前 전 (앞,before)
• 成 성 (이루다,to achieve)
• 市 시 (도시,시장,city, market)
체13과 4 산 101
제14과 시간 (時間,Time) —3
The rirst stage o f m aking clothes is cutting (Jj) the cloth (衣/ 不)
e-g.) 초등학교 elementary school, 연초 the beguining o f the year
刀 (칼 도) 부 + 5 획 ニ총7획 ス 크 ^ ^ U 初
ᄂ
^^sr또?^ !?;
;/
JlT
IVy
g""그3
낱 :in d iv id u a l, u n it c o u n te r
Person ( イ) and hard/firm 個 ,고,sound part). This is used to indicate
individual units or a person,
e^g.) 개인 individual, 한 개 one item
(사람 인) 부 + 8획 ニ총 10획 イ| 们 們 們 個 個
반 : h alf, m id d le
The upper Dart (ノ
\) is split, w hile the other part is a variant o f cow (牛).
A butcher cuts a piece o f beef.
e.gO 반년 h a lf year, 한반도 the Korean Peninsula (Korea + h a lf+ island)
(半 ) 반 + (열 십) 부 + 3획 = 총5. 半
바르다 :right, c o rre ct, p ro p e r
One (~ •) and stop (止) • It indicates stopping at the “right” place. The
strokes o f this character are also used to count numbers o f items
2(T)> 3 (T ) ,4GF),5(正)
e.gO 정각 on tim e ,정직 honest, 공정 fair
止 (그칠 スᅵ
) 부 + 1획 =:
총5획 T 正
;- • • . • '一 • • / / / -- ᅭ• ド" : 〒- 了 ^ ^ ? • .ア 冷」T 아쯔히ンニグ ' - ~ : ! 一^ ? ^ y •、z 씨\1
곧다 :u p rig h t, d ire ct
;Ten (十),eye ( 目) and com er ( ᄂ)• Ten people’s eyes are fixed directly on
a comer. A lso in oracle bone inscriptions, tm s character’s form was an eye
w ith a vertical line above it. Hence,its m eaning derives from the 'straight'
line along w hich the eye can see.
e.g.) 직접 direct, 직면하다 face, 정직 honest 7T7777
(눈 목)부 + 3 획 = 총8획 一 士 吉 亩 亩 直
! 月 (달 월)부 + 8획 = 총 12획 ᅳ 1 ^ 코 其 期 期
길다 :lo n g ,h e a d
j Long haired old m an w ith a stick is very senior or the “head” o f a group.
e-g.) 장기간 long-term ,징-관 niinister, 장점 m erit,교징- school principal,
| 사징- com pany president, 시장 mayor
長 (긴 장) 부 + 0획 = 총8획 고
짧다 : short
Pictograuh for an arrow (矢) and a bean (묘). The head is the “short” side
o f the arrow. Y ou can only shoot an arrow through a bean at short distance,
e.g) 단점 short point, 단기간 short term
드
■ - ᅳ ミ? ニ
■ ’ 广 一■ 二 '•
.:
:: i V :
T?:
A — ' " J " ヤ?&회 ?:
그:一 ᄃ"
"■パ .
「 :
.
어제 • y e s te rd a y , p a s t
Day/sun ( 日) and for a moment/suddenly/make (乍). One day passed
suddenly; that day was “yesterday”. The past is made up o f yesterday and
all other past moments,
e.g-) 작년 last year,ス
유작년 year before last
曰 (날 일)부+ 5 획 = 총9 획 曰 s7 が— n f 昨 昨
다시 • a g a in , tw ic e , re-
One (一) and the pictograph o f the pile o f baskets on the table- O ne further
| basket is added to the basket pile.
e.gO 재선 re-election, 재개하다 to re-open, 재시험 make up exam
门 (멀 경)부+4획 ニ총 6
획 ᅭ 厂 n 丙 丙再
2 단어 (Words)
今年 금년 this year
三月 初 삼월초 the start of March
年初 연초 the beginnm of the year
來年 내년 next year.
一月 末 일월말 the end of January
十個月 間 십개월간 for ten months
半年 반년 six months
長期間 장기 간 for a long time
短期間 단기 간 for a short time
市長 시장 a mayor
昨年 작년 last year
再昨年 재작년 the year before last
止直하다 정직하다 to be honest
南:
大門市場 남대문시장 Namdaemun market
3 독해 (Reading Comprehension)
I came to Korea at the beginning of March this year. I am scneduled to study the Korean language
for about ten months, until the end of January next year. I have already studied Korean for about six
months. In our school, there are many foreign students from different countries, such as U.S.,Great
Britain,China and Japan. Among the students, there are some who have studied for a long time and
others who have studied for a short time. My friend who came from Japan has studied since the year
before last. The student who came from Great Britain has been studying since last year. These friends
not only speak Korean well but are also honest and kind. Next weekend, I have decided to go to
Namdaemun market with my friends.
다움 한자의 음과
①初 ② 個
③ 半 ④ 正
⑤ 直 ⑥ 期
⑦ 長 ⑧ 短
⑨ 昨 ⑩ 再
단어의 음과 뜻음 써 보세요.
① 年初 ② 年末
③ + 個月 間 ④ 半年
⑤ 長期間 ⑥ 短期間
⑦ 昨年 ⑧ 再昨年
) — 昨年 — ( 來年
①.
②.
처|14과 시간
제15과 수도 서 울 (首都 서울 ,Capital Seoul)- 1
머리 :h e a d
A pictograph o f the head o f a m an, w ith an eye ( 目) representing the face.
In ancient tim es, before the advent o f barbershops, m ost people went
! unkempt. The part above the eye depicts messy hair.
: e.g.) 수도 capital,수석 top rank, 수상 Prim e M inister
首 (머리 수) 부 + 0 획 = 총9획 TT 首
干도 : c a p ita l city, m e tro p o lis
Person (者) and tow n/village ( P/邑) • The capital where and
various persons are gathered
e.g.) 도시 city, 도매 wholesale, 수도 capital
X:
(고 을 읍 )부 + 9 획 = 총 12획 • 솟 솟 者 が 都
v ? •• — J :
도; i 音
■느? ?* / ? ^ ^ ^ ^ ? 예 ^ ^ : v " ^ ^ L r- ......... - .쓰
ニニ- ~ ':. . y . y / ^ y . ' ~ s g 3 - ~ ..v 厂r . . • • ᅳ
~ c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ニ ᅵ— s ご . . — ~ — t \ . _ ニ v .ᅳ ~ r . _______ « .ニマ… ᅳ ᅳ s e —
모으다 : to c o lle c t
Sm all bird ( 隹) and tree/wood (木). M any biids gather in one tree,
e.g.) 집궁 concentration, 집단 a group ,시집 collection o f poems
ズI
隹 (새 추)부 + 4획 ニ총 12 획
膝 X i 빠 펴 ^ ^ 그 Z
강 :river
W ater ( ^ ) and carpenter’s square (그
ᄂ,공,sound part). The bridge built by
the carpenter (ェ) spans the river.
e.g.) 강변 riverside, 한강 the H an River
(물 •)부 + 3 획 = 총6 획
어질다 : k in d , In c h e o n city 1
A person ( イ) can express feelings and show kindness towards another
when the tw o o f them (ニ) are together. I
e.g.) 인자하다 benevolent,인천 Incheon
(사람 인) 부 + 2 획 = 총4 획 イ
.
川 (내 천) 부 + 0획 = 총3획 ) )\ 川
비다 :e m p ty , sky, air
空
The com bination o f hole (>\, literally open space under roof, but it
indicates empty) and w ork (エ, 공,sound).
e.g.) 공기 air, 공간 space, 공항 airport, 공군 air force, 공짜 free o f charge
고
o
穴 (구멍 혈) 부 + 3 획 = 총8획 융 쌍 융
항구 :port
W ater ( 7 ) and streets o i a settlement (巷,항,sound part). Thus it indicates
a po rt
e,g.) 항구 port,공간 space, 공항 airport, 공짜 free of charge
나
(물 수)부 + 8획 = 총 l 2획 하 ホ 港
(会) 회 (날 일) 부 十9 획 = 총 l 3획
땅의 신 :th e g o d o f la n d , sh rin e , g r o u p
Y ou can see god (示) and ground/earth (土). The original m eaning was “the
god o f the land”. Because com m unities often gathered around shrines to
pray to the god o f the land it came to m ean ca group o f people\
e.g.) 사회 society, 회사 company, 사설 editorial
(社 ) 사 示 (보일 시) 부 + 3 획 = 총8획
王
U sually explained as a sym bol o f the three orders o f heaven, earth, and man
(三) united by an all-prevailing force ( I )• So it means great power or king,
e.g.) 왕조 dynasty ,왕자 prince ,여왕 queen
체 15과 수도 니울 10フ
$ ,궁궐 :h o u s e , p a la c e
House/roof ( ^ ) and tune/music ( 呂, 려), A palace is a house o f the king
where m usic is often heard.
e.g.) 경복궁 G yeongtok palace, 궁궐 palace
(집 면) 부+ 7 획=총 10획
2 단어 (Words)
3 독해 (Reading comprehension)
韓國의 首都는 서울입니다. 그래서 많은 ᄉロ가 서울에 集中되어 있습니다. 日本의 首都는 東
京이고,中國의 首都는 北京입니다. 서울에는 漢江이 길게 흐릅니다. 이 漢江을 中心으로,서울
을 江北, 江南,江東,江西로 나눕니다. 仁川空港에서 서울까지 車로 1時間쯤 걸립니다. 首都서
울은 ᄎ都市라서,交通이 늘 복잡합니다. 서울의 시그는 약 千萬名 입니다. 會社나 ᄎ:學校도 많
Korea’s capital city is Seoul. A large Dart of the population is concentrated in Seoul. Japan’s
capital is Tokyo and China’s capital is Beijing. The Han River flows a long way through Seoul. With
the Han River at the center, Seoul is split into the Gangbulc, Gangnam, Gangdong and Gangseo
districts. From Incheon Airport to Seoul it takes about one hour by car. The capital,Seoul, is a big
city and the traffic is always congested. Seoul’s population is about 10 million. There are also many
companies and universities. And there are also many palaces where the king used to live during the
Chosun Dynasty. There are big markets such as Namdaemun market and Dongdaemun market.
S 연습 (Practice)
1.•
1 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
다음
① 首 ② 都
③ 集 ④ 江
⑤ 仁 ⑥ 川
⑦ ⑧ 港
社
⑨ 金
⑩ 또 ⑩ 宮
다음 단어의 음과 뜻은 써 보세요.
① 首都 ② 都市
③ 集中 ④ 漢江
⑤ 江南 ⑥ 江北
⑦ 仁川空港 ⑧ 交通
⑨ 會社 ⑩ 또이 살았던 宮
처 115과 수도 서울 109
제 !6과 令도 서 출 (首都 서울 ,Capital Seoul) —2
자] # : wealth, assets
Shell/m oney (貝,m eaning part) and hand/talent (才,재,sound part). A
talented person can gather wealth.
e.g.) 재정 finance/budget, 재물 property, 문화재
貝 貝
- 財 財
食 (밥 식)부+8획:=총17획 為 f 贫 If 館
은,은행 : silver,bank
M etal/gold/m oney (金) and stop ( 艮, 간, sound part). 艮 was once written
as an eye ( 目) and legs (low er part), ana indicated a staring person. So one
must stop and look closely to distinguish silver from other metals. M em ory
tip: A seated person ( 艮) is looking for their m oney (金) in the bank,
e.g.) 은행 bank^ 은화 silver coin, 한은 B O K (B ank o f Korea)
金 (쇠 금)부+6획:=총14획 i f 錄 聲 銀
폅테 1 一 • .니 ^ ^ ! ᅳ^ 츠그 _ ご ニ ゴ》과 느-」i » • 운 z r * .1-
行 (갈 행)부+0획= 총6획
代表 대표 representation,a representative
朝鮮時代 조선시대 Chosun Dynasty
六百年 동안 600년 동안 for 600 years
過去 과거 the past (time)
現在 현재 the present time,now
文化財 문화재 cultural assets (properties)
光化門 광화문 Gwanghwamun (of Gyeong Bok palace)
外交官 외교관 a diplomat
ᄎ使館 대사관 an embassy
美國ᄎ使館 미국대사관 the American Embassy
英國ᄎ使館 영국대사관 the British Embassy
曰本ᄎ使館 일본대사관 the Japanese Embassy
中國ᄎ使館 중국대사관 the Chinese Embassy
銀行 은행 a bank
N 에 比해서 에 비해서 compared to N
The caoital, Seoul, is a bk citv that represents Korea. And Seoul has been the capital for six
hundred years, from the Chosun Dynasty. So you can see both Koreas past and present there.
Furthermore there are numerous cultural assets. In particularly,at Gwanghwamun, there is the
Gyeongbok Palace where the king used to live in the past. In the same area, there are also several
foreign Embassies, including the American Embassy,the British Embassy, the Japanese Embassy and
the Chinese Embassy. At the Embassies, diplomats are working hard. There are also many companies
and banks. Compared to the past,Seoul has grown considerably.
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요
①表 ② 朝
③ 鮮 ④ 財
⑤ 光 ⑥ 使
⑦ 館 ⑧ 銀
⑨ 行 ⑩ 比
다음 단어의 음과 써보세요,
① 代表 ② 朝鮮時代
③ 過去 ④ 現在
⑤ 文化財 ⑥ 光化門
⑦ 外交官 ⑧ ᄎ使館
⑨ 銀行 ⑩ 中國에 比해서
m 재미^는 사자성어
父 傳 子 傳 부전자전 (이다)
Like father like son; the acorn never rar from the tree
" 父 부 (아버 スᅵ
,father) • 傳 전 (전하다,to pass)
• 子 자 (아들, son) • 傳 전 (전하다,to pass)
川 (내 천) 부 + 3획 = 총6 획 少J 抑 州
양 :s h e e p , ram
A Dictograph o f the horn or a sheet) depicts sheep/ram.
! e.g.) 양모 w ool
羊 (양 양) 부 + 0 획 = 총6획 羊
털 :hair, fur
A pictograph o f a tuft o f hair.
e.g.) 모직 w ool,모발 hair o f the head
X3
毛 (털 모) 부 + 0 획 = 총4획
눈• :eye
A Dictograph o f the eye. A lthough one’s eves are horizontal,the character
representing them came to be w ritten upright or vertically.
e.g.) 목적 a h iV p u rp o ^ 목표 target5 제목 title, 과목 subject of study
(눈 목) 부 + 0 획 = 총5획
책상,방안 • d e s k , p la n
I The com bination o f peace (安) and wood/tree (木). The original m eaning
a desk. U sually we make a plan sitting at a desk, where we can work
peace.
> e,g.) 안내 guidance ,방안 plan
나
In 과 쇠공신 ^ 115
2 단어 (Words)
羊毛 양모 w ool
目的 '나
목ᄌ p u rp o se ,o b je c t
單語 단어 a w o rd
法學 법학 th e stu d y o f la w
案內하다 안내 하다 to g u id e
c u ltu re a n d g u id e h e r a ro u n d fa m o u s places.
다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 對 ② #[
③ 羊 ④ 毛
⑤ 洋 ⑥ 目
⑦ 的 ⑧ 法
⑨ 先 ⑩ 單
⑩ 案
단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 韓國에 對한 案內 ② 羊毛
③ 西洋 ④ 東洋文化
⑤ 目的 ⑥ 單語
⑦ 先生 ⑧ 法學
오른쪽 : right s id e
W e help someone by our words (□ ) or by our actions (right hand, a
variant o f 中)
e-e-) 우측 right side, 우익
고
o
八 (여덟 팔) 부 + 2획 ニ총4: 公 公
결 iL
r
4
非 (아닐 비) 부 + 0 획 = 총8 획
I 죽다 :
to d ie , to g o b a n k ru p t
I f a m an ( ― 5 두,head) hides in a secluded ( ᄂ) place, he is “dead” to the
world.
e.g.) 망하다 to perish ,사망 death
(머리 두) 부 + 1획 = 총3획 TT
차례 :order, g ra d e
^u n
L r
w nn
竹 (대 죽) 부 + 7획 = 총 i i 획 사 선 함 驾 第 第
처h s 과 h N H 119
2 단어 (Words)
反對하다 반대하다 to o p p o se
反對語 반대어 a n to n y m
左右 좌우 le ft a n d rig h t
生死 생사 a liv e a n d d e ad
公私 공사 p u b lic a n d p riv a te
反美 반미 an ti- A m e rican
反日 반일 anti- Japanese
反核 반핵 an ti- n uclear
不法 불법 ille g a l, u n la w fu l
不公正 불공정 u n fa ir
不信 불신
非行 비행 m is c o n d u c t
暴 독해 (Reading comprehension)
Ja p a n ,y o u d riv e o n th e rig h t. T here are b o th p u b lic sch o o ls a n d p riv a te sc h o o ls. A n d a tta c h in g the
an ti- A m e rican , anti- Japanese, an ti- n uclear or u n la w fu l, u n fo rtu n a te , u n fa ir ,u n tru stw o rth y , m is c o n d u c t,
4 연습 (Practice)
다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 反 ② 左
③ 右 ④ 死
⑤ 公 ⑥ 私
⑦ 不 ⑧ 幸
⑨ 非 ⑩ 亡
© 第
2. 다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 反對 ② 長短
③ 前後 ④
⑤ 生死 ⑥ 公私
⑦ 反核 ⑧ 不法
@ 公正하다 ⑩ 不信
⑩ 非行 死亡者
⑩ 不幸 多幸
© 第一
있다 : to exist, t o survive
A variant o f hand (才) and son/child ( 子). Like young sprout, a young
child needs a helping hand in order to survive,
e.g-) 존재 existence, 생芒 survival
조
子 (아들 자) 부 + 3 획 :
= 총6 획
으뜸 : th e first
ニ was the original character o f 上 (상,upper). The upper (ニ 一 上) part
o f a person ( 儿) is a head. The head sym bolized “the top, a chief,the head
J ᄂ(어진 사람 인) 부 + 2 획 = 총4획
완전하다 : c o m p le te ,p e rfe c t |
First, head, chief, oldest (兀,원, sound part) in a house (/J 0 obviously has
the most “complete” experience o f the w orld and is the “perfect” m odel for !
others.
e^g.) 완전히 com pk^ 완벽하다 perfect,완성 com pl해^
완 (집 면) 부 + 4 획 = 총7 획
み
그ニ 했ᄂ^^^고ᅭニ
결정하다 : to d e c id e
I W ater ( Y ) and forl^open ( 夫). One decided to break through waters,
e.g.) 결심 resolution ,결정 decision, 판결 judgem ent,
결코 never, absolutely … not
(물 수)부 + 4획 = 총7획 決 決
i
정하다 : to fix, to d e c id e
Roof/house ( ^ ) and correct (正/ 足,정,sound part). O riginally it referred to
the correction o f the fram ew ork o f a building, then came to mean “to
e.g.) 정의 definition, 결정 decision ,예정 schedule
(집 면) 부 + 5 획 = 총8획
=
and is generally the same height,
e.g.) 평등 equality ,고등학교 high school, 일등 top rank
드
竹 (대 죽)부十 획 총 12획 6 사 ᄊ 1 等 等 等
必
A person made a promise by putting their right hand ( ノ, 별,brash down)
upon the left side o f their chest ( 心) where the heart \s. (M em ory tip: we
need ( 必) love (心). T hink o f C upid's bow.)
e.g.) 필요 necessity, 필승 victory
lO
1 心 (마음 심) 부 + i 획 - 총5획 、 ン j i 必 必
要
Cover ( 两) and w om an (女, 여, sound part). O riginally it showed hands
holding in a w aist w ith bent legs. B ut w aist then came by association to
m ean m iddle part and being essential,
ᅳ
e.g) 요구 dem and, 중요하다 important
(要 ) 요 两 (덮을 아) 부 + 3획 - 총9획 6 而 하 受 要
輕
가볍다 : to b e light
Cart (車,거/차,m eaning
that is m oving fast m ust be very light.
e.g) 경공업 lig h t industry,
part) and fast/road ( 평:,
1
& 허
경 車 (수레 거) 부 + 7 획 - 총 I 4획 s 爱 幸 幸一 輕
차다 : full, to fill, to p ro v id e
A 11 abbreviation o f raising (育) and good person ()l). The upper part is
充 abbreviation o f “raising
recharge
raise children w ell provides them w ith the
儿 (어진 사람 인) 부 + 3 획 = 총5 획 、 > ナ 云 声 充
발,충분하다 :
fo o t, le g , s u ffic ie n t
足
A pictograoh or a leg from knee ( ロ) to toe (variant 止) • It means a lower
<u
leg and foot,
e.g.) 만족 satisfaction, 무극 insufficient
조
足 ( 발 족 ) 부 + 0 획 = 총7획 ' 다 ° 무 足
—" — ^ 1 —! .^TT^ — 从*ュ-------------1 ----- a«----- • • - M M U i i n W W W — =- ---- 서------- 秦
날■珊 ■뇨 ■ 니 J L M i v . .:— ---------- :
---- A r - 그
체 19 과 123
を
졔 섰 *
ぬ과^^었빠 嫩 ;; •방
/M “ ゲ
緣ノ/
ノ
珊 ; ᅳ //y^rr:-
2 ) 단어 (Words)
3 독해 (Reading comprehension)
Let s practice the antonyms that we learned last time. We learned bis and small, inside and outside,
exit and entry,many and few,high and low, above and below,left and right, male and female, alive
and dead (survive and die), public and private (public institution and private institution),
anti-American, anti-Japanese, unfortunate,uneasy,unfair, misconduct, light and heavy etc. All human
beings are imperfect from the start. There is nobody who is perfect. And,if you are with family or
tnends,your temperament is settled. If you are alone,it is unsettled. From the past, the inequalities
between men and women have largely disappeared. Even when it is just a matter of husband and
wife,it is not O.K. for the man to make decisions on his own. When shopping,besides necessities,
we frequently buy unnecessary tilings. Gosh! Tomorrow is my birthday and there is not enough time
for cooldng. For parties, the most important thing is having enough food. I must do a lot of
preparation so that the (amount of) fooa is not inadequate.
4 j 연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 存 ② 元
③ 完 ④ 定
⑤ 俩 ⑥ 等
⑦ 必 ⑧ 要
⑨ 充 ⑩ 足
© 重 © 輕
다음 단어의 음과 뜻음 써 보세요,
① 生存者 ② 存在
③ 元來 ④ 完全하다
⑤ 不完全하다 ⑥ 安定되다
⑨ 个牛等 ⑩ 诵定하다
⑩ 必要하다 © 不足하다
© 充分하다 @ 重要하다
(B 輕重
m 지i미았는 a i•자성어
同 床 異 夢 동상이몽 (이다)
건
ame bed different dreams.
° 同 동 (같디-,same)
a 床 상 (침대,bed)
• 異 이 (다르다,different)
•夢 몽 (꿈,dream)
강 하 다 : s tro n g
B ig ( 弘, 동,sound part),m outh ( ロ) and insect ( 虫,meaBing part). A big
insect is strong,
강점 strong point, 강조 emphasis,강화 strengthening,
e.g.)
강대국 superpower,강제로 by force, 강도 robber
強
/— \
쏟
強
強
強
r
(활 궁)부+9획= 총12획
약하다 : weak
The shape of feathers (羽) of two “weak” chicks. A doubling of bow (弓
弓) m eans bending. Thus som ething bent as easily as a delicate feather (羽)
i.e. weak
e.g.) 약점 weak point, 약소국 a lesser power
f
f
f
nr>
ss
(활 궁)부+7획= 총10획
가난하다 :p o o r, m e a g e r
D ivide (分,분,sound part) and shell/money (貝) ,I divided m y money
am ong m any people, so now I am poor. 1
e-g.) 빈곤 poverty 빈혈 anaem ia ,빈부격차 gap between the rich and the
poor
ᄇ
(집 면)부+9획= 총じ획
새롭다 : new
Spicy/sharp (辛,신,sound part), wood/tree (木) and ax (斤). N ew ly cut
wood is fragrant. A fter it is cut, a trunk waits for spring so that new shoots
can sprout.
e.g.) 신문 newspaper,신세대 new generation
斤 (도끼 근)부+9획ニ총13획
오래 :o ld
Grass (++), sm all bird (隹) and mortar ( 日,구, sound part). From olden
tim es, birds have m ade their nests w ith grass. In Japanese,it is sim plified
to \B.
e.g) 친구 friend ,구세대 old generation
구 G (절구 구)부+12획ニ총IS획 广 花 茨 夢 舊 舊
7 } 하다 :c a n , to a p p r o v e ,s h o u ld , right
A m outh/to say (□ , 구) and 丁,an abbreviation o f pretty (巧,교, souncl
part). W e can rightly say that she is very pretty.
e.gO 가능성 possibility ,허가 perm ission
ロ (입 구)부+2획= 총5획 VT 可
二 — -こ i z へ % ~ ᅳ ᅩ ふぶ이 이 、 - ^ " ニ . … .; ᄂん: 누 一 ■슛— — - ^ 一
■ ;.。ス 성ソ ぶ .;
t
능력 :ability
A
This is the original form or a bear (貪^ 응) and pictograoh o f the bear.
ヒ
o
P\ (고기 육) 부 + 6 획 -총 10획
근원 :source, origin
C liff ( 厂) and a variant o f spring (泉, 전,sound part). A spring runs past
the cliffs at the coast into the sea. It is the only source o f fresh water. It
also often has connotations o f 'prim ary^ or 'naturaV.
e.g.) 원자 atom ,원칙 principle, 원주민 aborigine ,원인 cause
원 인 : reason, c a u s e , to d e p e n d o n
Enclosure (□ ) and b ig (大) 一here m eaning ‘person, A n enclosed person,
i.e. a prisoner, is im prisoned for a reason,
e.g.) 원인 cause, 사인 cause o f death
o
□ (큰입 구)부+3 획= 총6획 门 FI S 因 因
맺다 : to b in d , to jo in , to e n d
Thread/string ( 糸) and good luck ( 吉,길,sound part). W e finish, wrapping
up a present by tying the box w ith a ribbon,
e.g.) 결온 marriage ,결돈 conclusion, 결과 result,연결 connection
(結 ) 결 糸 (실 사)부+6획= 총12획
과 里
木 (나무 목)부+4획= 총8획 平 果
…•그
찌 그 _ 一, , ?
2 단어 (Words)
3 독해 (Reading comprehension)
체 2 ᄋ;라 h N H 129
者도 많습니다. 不幸히 現代社會는 貧富격차가 커지고 있습니다. 모두가 平等하고 公平하게 가
지면 좋겠습니다. 어떤 사람들은 自身의 ᄉ生이 不公平하다고 不平합니다. 富者들은 가난한 者
를 도와 줄 必要가 있습니다. 新世代와 舊世代間에 생각이 많이 다릅니다. 西洋과 東洋의 文化
도 다릅니다. 사람마다 能力이 다릅니다. 同時에 두 가지를 잘하는 것은 不可能합니다. 하지만
可能한 한, 최선을 다해야 합니다. 交通사고에는 原因과 結果가 있습니다. 交通사고가 일어나지
않도록, 安全하게 운전해야 합니다.
Among countries,there are powerful countries and there are small ana weak countries. And on this
earth, there are many rich people but there are also many poor people. Unfortunately, in modem day
society, the gap between rich and poor is getting bigger. It would be better if there were equality and
justice for all. Some people complain that their lives are unjust. It is necessary for rich people to help
poor people. Between the new generation and the old generation, thinking is different in many ways.
Oriental and Occidental culture are also different. Every person’s ability is different. It is impossible
to do two things well at the same time. But, if it is possible, you must do your best. In a traffic
accident, there is a cause and a result. So that traffic accidents do not occur, you must drive safely.
4y 연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 强 ② 弱
③ 貧 ④ 富
⑤新 ⑥ 舊
⑦ 可 ⑧ 能
⑨ 原 ⑩ 因
⑩ 結 © 果
다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 强ᄎ國 ② 弱小國
③ 富者 ④ 貧富격차
⑤ 不平하다 ⑥ 新世代
® 結果 @ 安全하다
m ah미있는 사자성어
• 弱 약 (약하다,weak)
•肉 육 (고フ1,meat)
° 强 강 (강하다,strong)
• 食 식 (먹다,eat)
섬, 대륙 :is la n d ,c o n tin e n t
W ater ( Y ) and province (少I I 수,sound part). A n area suiTounded by waters
or ocean must be an island. I f it is a big land, it is called a “continent”,
e.g.) 호주 A iB tralia, 미주 the Americas
洲
바다 :s e a , ocean
W ater ( /、) and every ( 每,매,sound part). A ll water goes into the Sea.
e.g.) 해군 navy5 해외 overseas, 동해 the East Sea
며
•
(물 수)부+7획= 총10 획
땅 :la n d
H ill (阜/ 15) and hill/m ound o f earth (ll리 뉵,sound part). H ills and earthen
m ounds indicate “land” as opposed to sea (勸 .
e.g.) 육군 army, 육교 overpass, 대뉵 continent
태 大 ( 큰 대 )부 +1 획ニ총4 획 一 ナ大太
ᅭ… - - - - -- -
도장,찍다,인도 :s e a l, s ig n , to s t a m p ,India
The version of nail (爪 一 f ) and a bending person ( P )• Originally it
showed a hand pressing dow n on a bending person. A nd later it came to be
used to describe pressing down on a seal It is also borrowed for the cIn’
印 sound o f India (Indo), N .R ) 印度 ( 인도) is India, whereas 印尼 ( 인니) is
Indonesia, e.g.) 인쇄 printing, 인도 India
인 P (병부 절)부十4 획= 총6획 ' ^ ド 드 드그 印
도
r (큰돌집 엄)부+6획= 총9획 广产产 产彦度
ft 阿 阿
체 21 과 육대주 133
a 단어 (Words)
海洋 해양 the ocean
;大陸 대륙 a continent
On this earth,there are five oceans and six continents. In other words, there are five individual
large oceans and six individual large continents. At the north and south there are two individual
oceans. And there are the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans. Furthermore, at the north and south
there are two individual continents. And there are Europe, Americas, Asia, Oceania and Africa. On
each continent,there are various countries. In Europe, there are countries like Britain and France. In
Americas,there are the USA,Canada, etc. In Asia,there are Korea, China, Japan,etc. In Oceania,
there are Australia and New Zealand. My friend is living in Sydney in Australia. I am planning to
visit my friend’s home next summer.
다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 洲 ② 海
③ 陸 ④ 太
⑤ 印 ⑥ 度
⑦ 亞 ⑧ 阿
⑨ 加 ⑩ 藤
2. 다음 단어의 음과 뜻음 써 보세요,
① 世上 ② 海洋
③ ᄎ陸 ④ 太平洋
⑤ 印度洋 ⑥ 大西洋
⑦ 美洲 ⑧ 亞洲
⑨ 阿프리카洲 ⑩ 加나다
⑩ 療洲
m 제미없는 사자성어
A a Ii A i^ r 인산인해 (를 이 루 다 ,이 다 )
° 人 인 (사람,person) ° 山 산 (산,mountain)
ᄋ 人 인 (사람,person) ᄋ海 해 (바다, sea)
나아가다 : to a d v a n c e
Sm all bird ( 隹,추) plus running (L ., 착). Advance like
서로,재상 :m u tu a l, m iniste r, a s p e c t
Tree/wood (木,목) and eye ( 目,목) • Two people w atchin
a tree can see each other w ell. 'M inister is an associated
idea o f exam ining things from above,
e.g.) 상대빙- partner,수상 Prim e M inister
크다,태국 :b ig , c a lm , se re n e : T h a ilan d
B ig ( 大,대,sound part), tw o hands (卿 一 ==) and a variant o f water (水) •
The m eaning o f big 大 is clear. A person sits calm y by a lake trailing their
hand in the water. It is borrowed phonetically to m ean Thailand.
e.gO 태국 태연하다 to be composed
물굽이,만 : gulf, b a y
W ater ( f ) and to brace up a bow/curved (響,
in a bow ed shape means a bay or a gulf,
e.g.) 항만 port,대만 Taiwan
난조: o rc h id
Grass (+ 卜
) and wooden latch ( 闘,란,sound part). A n orchid is a flow ering
plant that opens up in m any directions,like a wooden latch. It is borrowed
phonetically to also m ean H olland and France,
e.g.) 난초 orchid, 불란서 France,화란 H olland
풀 초)부+ i7 획ニ총21획 * r m m 簡 蘭
홀로 : s o le , in d e p e n d e n t, G e rm a n y
D og (犬 一 ?,견) and C liok dynasty (蜀,족, sound part; original m eaning
was m oth or butterfly larva). The C hok dynasty fought against many
enemies, so it means to “fight” • W e should separate tw o fighting dogs and
leave them alone. It is borrowed phonetically to mean Germany^
e.g.) 독립 independence,독일 Gemian^
장 (개 견)부+ 13획= 총16획 3 T 1 T i 獨 獨 獨
달아나다,편안하다: run a w a y ,e a s e
R abbit ( 免,토) and running ( ᄂ5 착ᅵ A rabbit runs away from a hunter.
O nly after it has escaped w ill it feel at ease. It is borrowed phonetically to
mean Germany.
e.g.) 독일 G ennany ,안일 ease,idleness
L (달릴 착)부+8획= 총l 2획 ♦ 촌 충 免 兔 !兔
머물다 : to s ta y , to s to p
Horse C ) and master (主,宁,sound part). W here the master’s horse used
to stop and be tethered is now a parking lot.
e.g.) 주차장 parldn^ lo t,주한미군 U SFK(U ^^ States Forces in Korea)
駐
馬
易
부+
총
만 ii
획
획
馬
함께 : to g e th e r ,jo in tly
The upoer part is 升 (공, hold up, sound part), and the lower part means
table. W e hold up the heavy table together,
e.g) 공 동 cooperation, 공산宁의 com m unism
화 ロ (입 구)부十5 획 = 총8획
Zj 단어 (Words)
3 독해 (Reading comprehension)
In the whole world there are many countries. Among the countries,there are developed countries
and also underdeveloped countries. Furthermore, each country has trade partners. We go on overseas
holidays and are able to leam about the culture of different countries or people. Now people are
doing more world travel than they were compared to the past. I have visited the USA and Canada.
I have been to Britain,Australia, China,Japan,Thailand, Taiwan and the Philippines too. But I
haven’t been to France, Germany or South Africa (the Republic of South Africa). I work as a
diplomat at the American Embassy in Korea. I can speak Korean, Chinese,Japanese,French and
German. I think that it would be good if the whole world lived in peace.
S 연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 从1 보세요.
① 進 ② 相
③ 泰 ④ 臺
⑤ 灣 ⑥ 佛
⑦ 獨 ⑧駐
⑨ 共 ⑩ 和
⑩ 逸 ⑩ 蘭
2. 다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요0
① 先進國 ② 後進國
③ 相對國 泰國
⑤ 臺灣 ⑥ 韓 -比
⑦ 佛語 ⑧ 獨語
⑨ 南阿共 ⑩ 駐韓 美國ᄎ使館
⑩ 駐韓美軍 © 駐韓 獨逸ᄎ使館
⑩ 東獨 (8) 西獨
처U 2 과 공평 139
제 23과 생 활 ( 生 活 ,L ife )
고
ロ (큰입 구) 부 + 4 획 = 7 획 门鬥 同闲困
•섰
^ 一 유■
— 자빠^ ^ 향드 •
%
생활 :life
A m oist ( '/ / 水) tongue (古, 설, sound part) is a sign o f life,
e.g.) 활동 activity ,생활 life
활
r (물 수) 부 + 6 획 = 총9 획 ' r 产 チ 法 活
옷 :c lo th in g
衣
The top part shows a collar and the lower part shows sleeves. Thus it
represents clothing. U sually, it is found as ネ•
e.g-) 의복 clothes, 내의 underwear
의
衣 (옷 의 ) 부 一 ナ す ネ 衣
먹다 :
to eat
%
人
食
O riginally it showed food piled up in a long-stemmed dish- means a lid
covering food in the dish. A nd 良 is a version o f 험 (흡,the measurement
for grains). Thus it means food or eating,
e.g.) 식당 restaurant,음식 food
식
食 (밥 식) 부 + 0 획 = 총9 획 八 八 今 冬 食 食
살다 :to d w e ll
The com bination o f person ( 人) and master (主). The master o f a house can
住 dw ell in it
e.g.) 주소 address,주택 housing ,거주하다 to dw ell
ィ (사람 인) 부 + 5 획 = 총7 획 イ イ、 イᅩ イ干イ幸 住
動 動
a3 • n a tu re , c h a ra c te r, d is p o s itio n , j
Heart/m ind (心 ᅳ 个) and bom /life ( 生,생,sound part). A person’s
I character is bom ( 生) in their heart ( 今/ノし
I e.g.) 성격 personality ,여성 fem ale, 남성 male
쓰다 : to u s e
A pictograph o f a tortoise’s b ack In ancient times, shells were “used” for
divination.
e.g.) 용돈 pocket m oney, 용어 term ,사용하다 to use ,남자용 for m an I
처|2 3 과 ^ 141
2 단어 (Words)
,3 독해 (Reading comprehension)
In the world,there are rich people and there are also poor people. Furthermore,according to
country or race,life styles and culture are different. But regardless of sex or age (lit. whether people
are male, female, old or young) the basic necessities of life are clothing, food and shelter. Clothing
% 연습 (Practice)
다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 困 ② 活
③衣 ④食
⑤ 住 ⑥ 式
⑦ 動 ⑧ 性
⑨ 老 ⑩ 用
. 디卜
음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 貧困하다 ② 生活
③ 方式 ④ 男女老少
⑤ 基本的 ⑥ ^ 효住
⑦ 行動 ⑧ 活動
⑨ 女性 ⑩ 男性
⑩ 老人 ⑩ 使用하다
⑩ 學生用 非活動的
:에 2 3 과 새화 143
제24과 午 말 에 (週末에,On the Weekend)
돌 다 : to tu rn around, to m ove
Slow w alking (xj) and m ilitary/solider (軍,군,sound part). Soldiers move
from cam p to cam p on their way to the battlefield.
e.g.) 운전 driving, 운동 movement; exercise, 행운 good luck
• fa c e , a s p e c t, m a s k
A pictograph o f a face. □ indicates enclosing or covering i.e. a m ask A nd
the m iddle part is a nose. This im plies the idea o f appearance, and therefore
“aspect,
\
e.g.) 면접 interview ,면도 shaving, 가면 m ask
面 (얼굴 면) 부 + 0 획 = 총9획 r* 行 而 而 面
칼 :knife
A pictograph o f a knife. A variant o f the knife radical is IJ
e.g.) 면도 shaving, 과도 fruit knife
XZ
刀 (칼 도) 부 + 0 획 = 총2: 刀
끊다 :
to cut
Seven ( t , 질,sound part) and knife (刀). The kind father divides his
property between all seven children.
e.g.) 친절하다 be kind, 품절 out o f stock, 절단 cutting
刀 (칼 도) 부 + 0 획 = 총2 획 七 切切
ス
flᅪ : goods, m oney
Change (化, 화,sound part) and shell/m oney (貝). That w hich can be
exchanged for m oney, i.e. goods.
e.g.) 화물 freight, 공화 currency,백화점 departoent store
화 貝 (조개 패) 부 + 4 획 = 총 11획 货 货 货 貨
スf 함 :m e m b e r , official
M outh/person (□ ) and shell/m oney ( 貞) In order to become a member, you
need to pay membership fees. O r officials are responsible for m anaging
money.
e.g.) 회원 membersl如 위원 com m ittee member
ロ (입 구)부 + 7 획 = 총 10 획 ᅮ ロ r 門 昌 員
:c lo s e , p a re n t
Stand ( 立), tree (木) and see ( 見, 견, sound part). Lovers meet
clandestinely under a tree.
e.gO 친절 kind, 친구 friend ,부친 father
見 (볼 견) 부 + 9 획 = 총 16획 ^ 寺 좋 梦 親
혈치다 : to s p r e a d , to d is p la y
Body ( 尸,m eaning part) and silk clothing. A person (尸) w ho is wearing
silk clothing lies dow n and spreads their arms to display it. It is extended
to m ean “developm ent”,
e-g.) 전시회 exhibition^ 발전 development
尸 (주검 시) 부 + 7 획 = 총 10획 尸 戶 严 ^ 투• 展
보이다 : to s e e a g h o s t, to s h o w
The pictograph o f an altar dripping w ith the blood o f a sacrifice. It
frequently has a m eaning related to the gods. The people 'show ed' their
devotion to the gods through sacrifice,
e.g.) 전시회 exM bition ,표시 indication
示 (보일 시) 부 + 0 획 = 총5 획 ᅳ 丁 丁 不
戶 (문 호) 부 + 4획 = 총8획
횔 단어 (Words)
Nowadays, since I am learning Korean, life during the week is always busy. So I meet friends and
do some exercise mainly during the weekend. Today was Saturday and so I got up at about 9 a.m.
As soon as I got up,I drank a glass of spring water and after that I shaved. At 10:30 I went to get
money from a bank ATM. At 11 I met my girlfriend at the entrance of a department store. My
girlmend bought one set of female underwear in the department store. The shop assistant was very
kind, but compared to Namdaemun Market it was too expensive. At lunchtime, we ate bulgogi and
we ate too much. After lunch, we visited an exhibition in Insadong. Insadong is a good place for
foreigners to leam about Korean culture.
1• 다음 한자의 유과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 運 ② 面
③ 刀 ④ 切
⑤ 貨 ⑥ 店
⑦ 員 ⑧ 親
⑨ 展 ⑩ 示
⑩ 所
2. 다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 運動 ② 生水
③ 面刀하다 ④ 親切하다
⑤ 親舊 ⑥ 齡
⑦ 百貨店 ⑧ 店員
⑨ 內衣 ⑩ 展示會
⑩ 場所 ⑩ 食事
m 지I미 사 자 성 어
tj
百 백 (백,hundred) 聞 (듣다,to listen)
不 불 (아니다,not) 如 여 (같다,be same)
— 일 (하나,one) 見 견 (보다,to see)
성 : fa m ily n a m e , s u r n a m e
A child is bom (生) o f a w om an ( 女) and receives the fam ily’s surname
upon birth.
e.g.) 성함 one’s
서
女 (여자 녀)부+5획ニ총8획 쇼 ^ 如 女}• # 姓
높다,최씨 :h ig h , s u rn a m e C h o i
崔
1 M ountain ( 山) and sm all bird ( 隹,주,sound part). A sm all bird flies to a
人
high mountain-
e.g.) 최선생님 M r/M s Choi
최
, 山 (메 산) 부 + 8획 = 총 U 획 ’ ᅩ ᅡ f 崔
다스리다,윤씨 : to g o v e rn , h ig h ra n k , s u rn a m e Y u n
尹
Dead body/body (尸) and hand (-]-)• A high ranking person manages w ith
their hands rather than doing physical labor. In ancient times, 尹 was an
! o fficial title and now it is often used as a surname,
e.g.) 윤선생님 M r/M s Y u n , teacher Y u n
ᄋ
尸 (주검 시) 부 + 1획 총4획 ニ ^ 다 크 尹
r ~ r ᄀ r ~ ^ m ^ 고 = r:r ^ ^ —^ f' . ^ — r
張
A bow ( 弓) and long/head (長, 장,sound part). As the bow is drawn out,
it stretches-
e-g0 징‘선생님 M r/M s Chang, 주장하다 to insist
! I P
장
弓 (활 궁) 부 + 8 획 = 총 11 획 7 ^ F 張 張
盧
A sim plification o f a tiger (虎,호,sound part), fie ld ( 田) and vessel (皿).
A combination of three parts depicts a brazier for bulgogi. Don’t cook your ;
bulgogi out in the open field, or y o u 'll attract a tiger!!
e.gO 노대통령 President Roh
로 ( 노 )
皿 (그릇 명) 부 + 11 획 = 총 16획 卜 广 产 ^ 声 盧
鄭
Eight/division (八) ,a liquor bottle (酉) and town/area ( P/邑). It is said that
the Jung Dynasty of China was famous for brewing good rice wine. And it
was a polite custom to treat each other to drinks.
e-g-) 정선생님 M r/M s Jung, 정중하다 polite J U 그^ ^
( 鄭 ) 정
p (고을 읍) 부 + じ획 총 15 획 ニ ゾ 하 현 潘 廣 鄭
I
姜 1
女 (여자 녀)부+6획 ニ 총 9획 ^ ¥ 至 盖 姜
:ズ
走 (달릴 주)부+7획= 총i4획
홍수,홍씨 : f lo o d ,v a s t, s u r n a m e H o n g
W ater ( ^ ) and together (共,공,sound part). W aters come together in
vast flood.
e.g.) 홍수 flood, 홍선생님 M r/M s H ong, teacher Hong
(물 수)부+6획= 총9획 하 洪
숲,임씨 :
s m a ll fo re st, w o o d s ,s u r n a m e Lim
The com bination o f tw o trees sym bolizes a sm all forest or wood,
e.g.) 산림 forest, 임선생님 Mr
버들,류씨 :
w illo w , surnam e Yu
Tree (木) and abundant (卯). The luxuriant w illow s are swaying the
w ind.
e,g-) 유선생님 M r/M s Yoo
姓 ^ surname
李氏 이씨 Mr / Ms Lee
朴氏 박씨 Mr / Ms Park
張三李四 장삼이사 ordinary people,three Changs and four Lees (lit)
初代 대통령 초대 대통령 the first President
尹氏 윤씨 surname Yun
崔氏 최씨 surname Choi
W 독해 (Reading comprehension)
Just as foreigners have surnames, Korean people also have surnames. Among these names, it seems
that Kim, Lee and Park are numerous. But as the saying “three Changs and four Lees”, suggests the
surname Chang is also numerous. Let’s look at Korean Presidents from the past until now. The first
President was President Syngman Lee. After that there followed President Yun Posun, President Park
Chung-hee, President Choi Kyu-ha,President Chun Doo-hwaii, President Roh Tae-woo,President Kim
Young-sam,President Kim Dae-jung and President Roh Mu-hyeon. There are two President Kims.
Most Western women change their surname to their husband’s surname after marriage. But Korean
women use their own name even after marriage. At our school,we have teachers called Cheon, Bang,
Jung, Hong, Kang, Cho, Im,Yu and Son.
쇄 2 5과 한극신의 H 151
4 연습 (Practice)
1. 다음 하자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 姓 ② 氏
③ 李 ④ 朴
⑤ 崔 ⑥ 尹
⑦ 張 ⑧盧
⑨ 便 ⑩ 鄭
⑩ 洪 ⑩ 林
⑩ 柳 ⑩ 姜
2. 다음 단어의 음과 뜻음 써 보세요.
① 姓氏 ② 張三李四
③ 朴先生님 ④ 初代
⑤ 尹氏 ⑥ 崔氏
⑦ 盧氏 ⑧ 男便
⑨ 鄭先生님 ⑩ 洪先生님
⑩ 林先生님 柳先生님
⑩ 孫先生님 (0) 金;
大中 前 대통령
⑩ 姜先牛 님 ⑩ 趙先生님
그렇다,자연 : t h u s ,s o , n a tu re
M eat/flesh ( 肉/ 피) and dog (犬) and fire (火). O riginally it meant to roast
dog m eat,i.e. “to burn” 燃.
e.g.) 자연 nature ,당연하다 be natural
하늘 :sk y ,h e a v e n
Above the im age o f a b ig adult (大) is a single stroke representing the
highest o f all things, 'the heaven or sky’. A person’s head is the closest
part to heaven.
e.g.) 천사 angel,천국 heaven/paradise,천주교 Catholicism
欠 (큰 대) 부 + 1 획 = 총4 획
땅 :la n d , g ro u n d
Ground/earth (土) and connection/snake ( 也,야). O riginally, it meant rolling
hills and eventually just gi'ound/land/region.
e.g.) 지역 region/area,토지 land, 지도 m ap ,ス|히- underground
土 (흙 토)부 + 3획 = 총6 획 + 3 3시 灿 地
꽃:
flo w e r
Grass (++) grows, changes (化, sound part) and later a flow er blossoms.
e.gO 화초 flow ering plants, 국화 national flower
Grass (++) and early (早). W hen spring comes early, you can see a shoot
o f grass.
e.g.) 초원 grassy plain, 화조 flow ering plants
* (풀 초) 부 + 6획 = 총 10획
심다 : to p la n t (tree)
to plant
A tree (木) and straight 直 ( 직)5 sound part,see U nit 14). The m eaning
to make a tree straight, i.e. “to plant”,
e.g.) 식물 plants ,이식 transplantatb
牛 (소 우) 부 + 4 획 = 총8획
n ふn ん说办 . y y ..y /.ᅳ y / ': 갓
:
바람,풍속,스캔들 : w in d , c u s to m s , s c a n d a l
A n Insect ( $ ,중) blow n against a sail ( 凡) by the w ind,
e.g.) 풍차 w indm ill, 태풍 typhoon
(雨 ) 우 雨 (비 우)부+0획ニ총8획
들 : fie ld , m o o r, w ild
, A village (里,리) and I/to give (予,여,sound part). I (予) collect w ild
plants from Ihe fie ld for the village ( 里). N .R ) The opposition party is “out
j in the field”, w hile the ruling party is ensconced in the government
building.
e.g.) 야당 opposition party, 야구 baseball
물고기 : fish
A pictograph o f a nsh lengthwise. m、means tins and tail,
e.g.) 상어 shark,인어 m erm aid, 오징어 squid
备
魚 (물고기 어) 부 + 0 획 = 총 10획
自然 자연 nature
天地萬物 천지만물 Sky, earth and ten thousand tilings (lit.);all creatures on earth
後代 후대 descendant
江山 강산 rivers and mountains; nature
技单 화초 flowers and plants
植物 식물 plants
動物 동물 animals
山林 산림 forest
南風 남풍 southerly wind
td JZ northerly wind
北風 ^ 6
雨期 우기 the rainy season
雨산 우산 umbrella
ᄉ魚 인어 a mermaid
野生花 야생화 wild flowers
野生動物 야생동물 wild animals
動物의 天國 동물의 천국 animal heaven
독해 (Reading comprehension)
Nature is very important for people. So Deople must protect all creatures on earth. We have to
protect the mountains and the rivers for the sake of ourselves and our descendants. We must also
protect flowers and other plants. We must protect animals like lions and tigers. We also have to
protect the forests. Generally southerly winds are warm and northerly winds are cold. Recently the
처 126 고t スk 공 155
rainy season in summer has been long,so you always have to carry yom. umbrella around. I like
travelling overseas. Last year,I went to Australia. The natural scenety there was very beautiful.
People were swimming like mermaids in the sea. The wild flowers were beautiful and there were
many wild animals playing freely, and sheep grazing peacefully on the grass. It was like animal
heaven. The whole world has to protect beautiful natural scenery.
4 연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
①然 ② 天
③ 地 ④ 花
⑤ 草 ⑥ 植
⑦ 物 ⑧ 風
⑨ 雨 ⑩ 野
⑩ 魚
2. 다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 自然 ② 天地萬物
③ 後代 ④ 江山
⑤ ⑥ 植物
⑦ 動物 ⑧ 山林
⑨ 南風 ⑩ 北風
⑩ 雨期 ᄉ魚
© 野生花 天國
겨 호 :winter
A person w alks ( 欠) slow ly on the ice (7 ) in the
e-g.) 동복 w inter clothes, 동계 winter season
season
and son (子). O riginally, it meant the youngest rice plant
:iated m eaning o f “end”. A nd the harvest season is the end
체 :n 과 훈 4 추 동 157
마디 :a jo in t, s e a s o n , to m o d e r a te
Bam boo ( 竹) and soon/advance —here m eaning 'to grow ,( 卽) • W hen the
bam boo grows, joints form .
e .g j 절약 thrift^ 계절 season,성탄절 Q iristm as
竹 (대 죽) 부 + 9 획 = 총 15획 ^ ^ ^ I 성 節
코끼리,모양 : e le p ^ im a g e
A pictograph o f an elephant. The elephant has a big form . Thus it acquired
connotations o f form , shape and image,
e.g.) 현상 phenomenon, 상아 ivory
저녁 : e v e n in g
A Dictograph of a crescent m oon as moon 月, out it is waning. The
sem i-tilted crescent m oon of 夕 came to sym bolize “evening”.
e.g.) 석식 evening m eal, 추석 Korean thanksgiving day,fu ll m oon day
夕 (저녁 석) 부 + 0 획 = 총3획 ノ ク 夕
공기 :air, e n e rg y
W hen nee (米) is boiled, the steam ( 气) w hich rises gives this character its
m eaning.
기분 feeling, 공기 air ,인기 popularity, 감기 cold,
경기 econom ic conditions (불경기ᅳ 호경기)
馬 (말 마) 부 + 0 획 = 총 10획 1 厂 げ 序 ろ 馬
살찌다 :
to fa tte n , to enrich
Flesh/of the body (肉 一月) and a big snake/a bending body (巴 파, sound
part). A fat body (月) has a layer o f fat like a bending b ig snake ( 巴)
j around its m iddle. ‘Enrich’ is m eaning associated w ith fat. |
e.g.) 비만 corpulence, obesity
e .g .) 석유 p e tr o le u m , 보석 je w e lr y
서
石 (돌 석)부+0 획= 총5획
새 : bird
A pictograph of a bird w ith w ings and talons.
e.g.) 조류 birds, 백조 swan ,일석이조 ld llin g tw o birds w ith one stone
조 r
鳥 (새 조)부+0획= 총11획
2) 단어 (Words)
夏李 아계 su m m e r season
4 연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요•
① 春 ② 夏
③ 秋 ④ 冬
⑤ 季 ⑥ 節
⑦ 象 ⑧ 夕
⑨ 氣 ⑩ 馬
⑩ 肥 © 石
⑩ 鳥
① 春夏秋冬 ② 季節
③ 冬季 ④ 夏季
⑤ 立春 ⑥ 立夏
⑦ 立秋 ⑧ 立冬
⑨ 山川草木 ⑩ 生氣
⑩ 洪水 @ 山林
(0 秋夕
① 一 石ニ鳥
② 天高馬肥
m 재미있는 사자성어
드 寒 四 溫 삼한사온 (이다)
Three days cold and four warm. Periodic ireezes.
° 三 삼 (셋,three) ᄋ寒 한 (춥다,cold)
• 四 사 (넷,four) ᄋ 溫 온 (따뜻하다,warm)
:
c o lo r, s e n s u a lity
This character shows a person bending. It refer to the sex act. In many
languages, a color is used to describe pomograDhv. (e.g. ‘blue movies’ in
E nglish, 'yellow m ovies,in Chinese.)
e^g.) 색깔 color,염색 dyeing
色 (빛 색)부+0획= 총6획
白 (흰 백)부+0획= 총5획 白白 白
까맣다 : b la c k
A pot under w Jiich a fire is Duming. After buiiung, the pot becomes sooty
and black.
e^g.) 흑인 black person, 록ス surplus
w
점: d o t, p o in t
B lack (黑) and divination/to occupy ( 占,점, sound part). To m ark
som ething,one places ( 占) a black (黑) dot on it. Japanese write this
character as “ 点”.
e-g.) 점수 score,장점 good point す-
• • •
지
답 甲
(검을 흑)부+5획= 총l 7획
푸르다,젊다 :b lu e , green; y o u n g
The upper Dart (主) is a sim plified version o f a grow ing plant 生. 乃
井 ( 정). So growth
originally depicted a w ell around a w ell is green,fresh
and young. H and w riting style, 靑 一 青 •
e.g.) 청소년 teenagers, 청바지 blue jeans
( 青 )
主
靑 (푸를 청)부+0획= 총8획 音 音 青
忽 敷 쩨 爐 사 ■光 一 嫩 ヶ ^ 一 . •一 一 一ルr -------------- 一 ^
붉다 : red, c rim s o n
Thread ( 糸) and a carpenter’s ruler/to w ork ( 1 , 공, sound part). Through
the dying process, the w hite thread is colored red,
e.g.) 홍차 black (red) tea, 홍역 measles
糸 (실 사)부 + 3획 - 총9획 ^ 쇼 手 系 系
一 紅
노렇■
다 : y e llo w
A s light shines on the ground, a cgolden (yellow ) sheen' appears,
e.gO 황해 Y ellow Sea, 황사 yellow dust
黃 (누를 황) 부 + 0 획 = 총 12획 ^ * 吾 苦 鲁 黃
기본 :b a s e
The com position o f a w innow ing device for sorting grains o f different
weights (其,sound part) and ground/earth (土) • Users often sat on the
ground to do this task,
e-g.) 기본 basis, 기지 base (army)
土 (흙 토) 부 + 8획 - 총 11 획 n 보 其 基 某 基
없다 :n o t, n o th in g
A com bination o f 人 (a variant o f 大 대,big), the shape o f wooden sticks
(m iddle part) and fire ( ハ、
、) • A fter burning a heap o f fire w ood, “nothing”
느 孤 益
(불 화) 부 + 8획 = 총 l 2획
쿠 르 다 : g re e n
A thread ( 糸,사^) and to shave green w ood ( 条, 독, sound oart). O riginally,
it m eant green threads and now green in general
e.g.) 녹차 green tea,녹지 green belt
糸 (실 사) 부 + 8 획 = 총 i4 획 r r チ 綠 綠
씨, 종류 • s e e d , kind
Rice plant (禾) and heavy (M , 중,sound part) The heavy part o f the "
(or grain) is the seed七earing head
e.g.) 인종 h im an k in 如 종류 kind/type
2) 단어 (Words)
色 color
백 흑 청 적 홍 황
색 색 색 색 색 색
白色 wmte
黒色 black
靑色 blue
赤色 red
紅色 red,crimson
黃色 yellow
a point, a dot
紅— 홍일점 the only woman among those present
靑ー點 청일점 the only man among those present
各種 각종 every kind
ᄉ種 인종 the human race
공기 air
無色 무색 colorless
綠色 노색 green
各ᄉ各色 각인각색 so many men, so many minds (lit); all kinds
白ᄉ種 백인종 white people
黑ᄉ種 흑인종 black people
黃ᄉ種 황인종 yellow people
白衣民族 백의민족 white-clad folk, the Korean people
地方 지방 a locality,a region
地方色 지방색 regional colour
There are many colors in the world. White,black, blue, red and vellow are the basic colors. You
can make any color using these basic colors. Air and water are colorless. The beautiful colors of
nature change with the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter. The trees and plants of
the summer mountains become green. Autumn mountains turn yellow and red. In winter when the
snow falls,the earth becomes white. All kinds of different people live in the world. White people,
black people and yellow people all have different colored skin and their lifestyles are different too.
If there is only one man present among many women,he is termed 'one blue dot,
. Vice versa,one
woman among many men is termed 'one red dot5. Korean people are called “white-clad folk” because
they have enjoyed wearing white clothes since long ago. In each region, culture and traditions are
different. This is called “regional color”.
4} 연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 从1 보세요.
① 色 ② 白
③ 里 ④ 靑
⑤ 赤 ⑥ 紅
⑦ 黃 ⑧ 基
⑨ 綠 ⑩ 種
⑩ 無 ⑩ 點
단 어 의 음 과 뜻 을 써 보 세 요 .
① 白色 ② 黑色
③ 靑色 ④ 赤色
⑤ 黃色 ⑥ 紅色
⑦ 各種 ⑧ ᄉ種
⑨ 空氣 ⑩ 無色
⑩ 綠色
o
안에 들어갑 알맞은 하자를 써 보세요.
다.
③ 서울을 떠나서 여러 지방을 여행해 보면,( )을 느낄 수 있습니다.
m 제미^는 사자성어
듣다 : to listen, to h e a r
The com bination o f door ( 門,sound part) and ear ( 耳). A person
listening for some news at a gate,
e.g.) 신문 newspaper, 소문
耳 (귀 이)부+8획= 총14획 r 門 門 w 聞 聞
간행하다,새기다 :
to p u b lis h , to e n g ra v e
Shield - here m eaning 'plated (干,간, sound part) and knife ( ᅵ
J )• Engraving
o n plate came to be associated w ith the printing process. It now means 'to
publish'.
e.g.) 긴-행 publication ,일간지 daily newspaper
IJ (칼 도)부+3획= 총5획
ロ
}음,정보 :
fe e lin g , m in d , in fo rm a tio n
/ 心,심) and blue (靑,청,sound part) comes
From the m eaning of heart ( 1、
a character w hich is the im age o f "feeling\ M em ory tip: think o f 'feeling
blue\
e .g .) 정보 m f o m ia t io n / in t e llig e n c e , 감정 f e e liiig
1 土 (흙 토)부+ 9획ニ총じ획 움 孝 幸? 翁 郭 報
^°1 , :p a p e r, d a ily n e w s p a p e r
Thread/stong ( 糸) and clan/Mr/Ms ( 氏,씨,sound part). Thread ( 糸) im plies
silk cloth- A nd in olden tim es,cloth was used as w riting m aterial like
paper.
e.g.) 지폐 paper m oney, 지갑 w allet, 편지 letter, 화장지 toilet paper
(紙 ) 지
糸 (실 사)부+ 4획= 총10획 系r 系
^ 紙
체 29 과 시문 167
다스리다,행정 : to g o v e rn , a d m in is tra tio n
To correct ( 正,정, sound part) and strike/force ( i / 欠) • Thus it means to
m a k e ( 父 ) s o m e th in g COTrect( 正),o r cto g o v e rn ,
.
新聞 신문 a newspaper, a joiffnal
朝刊新聞 조간신문 a morning paper (edition)
夕刊新聞 석간신문 an evening paper (edition)
刊行하다 간행하다 to publish
情報 정보 information, intelligence
所聞 소문 rumor
朝鮮日報 조선일보 the Chosun Ilbo (Chosun daily newspaper)
東亞日報 동아일보 the DongA Dbo (DongA daily newspaper)
中央日報 중앙일보 the JoongAng Ilbo (JoongAng daily newspaper)
韓國曰報 한국일보 the Hankook Ilbo (Hankook daily newspaper)
文化 日報 문화일보 the Munhwa Ilbo (Munhwa daily newspaper)
英字新聞(英字紙) 영자신문( 영자지) English language newspapers (English language papers)
有用하다 유용하다 to be useful
政治 정치 politics
經濟 경제 economics
社會 사회 society
敎育 교육 education.
^ 독해 (R ead in g c o m p re h e n s io n )
Korea has many newspapers. Most of the newspauers come out in the morning. For example there
is the Chosun Ilbo, the Donga Ilbo, the JoongAng Ilbo and the Hankook Ilbo. The Munhwa Ilbo
comes out in the evenitigs. And newspapers come out in each region. There are also English language
newspapers. The English language newspapers are very useful for foreigners. And many university
체 29:라 신문 169
students read them to study English. We can obtain important information through newspapers. You
c a n le a m a lo t a b o u t K o re a n p o litic s , e c o n o m ic s , so cie ty , c u ltu re a n d e d u c a tio n . R e a d in g new spapers
W 연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 聞 ② 刊
③ 情 ④ 報
⑤ 紙 ⑥ 政
⑦ 治 ⑧ 經
⑨ 濟 ⑩ 敎
© 育
다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 新聞 ② 所聞
③ 情報 ④ 所聞
⑤ 刊行하다 ⑥ 夕刊新聞
⑨ 有用하다 ⑩ 政治
⑩ 經濟 社會
⑩ 敎育
보내다 : to s e n d
M ovem ent ( ᄂ) and the right hand part o f roval (朕, 짐)
send-off to a departing friend by waving,
e.g.) 방송 broadcasting 송별회 farewell party
(달릴 착) 부 + 6 획 = 총 10획
체 과 반송 171
~ \ ニ —— ■
'*ᅮ 그에 , T フ v r *' "그 에 **こ . •
옛 : a n c ie n t, r e a s o n ,th e late
Old/ancient (古,고,sound part) and beat/here to make som ething ( 欠)•
Thus to make som ething a tiling o f the past meant that it became
passed/deceased.
e.g.) 고인 the dead ,사고 accident
고
欠 (칠 복)부 + 5 획 = 총9 획
기름 :oil
W ater ( Y ) and from/reason ( 由,유,sound part). The liau id from an oil
fie ld is,o f course,crude oil.
e.g.) 유전 oil fie ld ,석유 petroleum , 주유소 gas station
o
ᅲ (물 수)부 + 5 획 = 총8 획
m : price
Person ( 1 ) and price/sitting trader ( 賈,기-, sound part). A trader sets the
price o f goods at the beginning o f a transaction. O r Person (イ),cover ( 两,
°K sound part) and seashell/money ( 貝). I f som ething is precious and
expensive, we should cover and protect it.
e.g.) 가격 price, 물가 things price ,주가 stock price
放送 방송 b ro a d c a stin g
能力 능력 a b ility ,c a p a b ility
向上시키다 향상시 키다 to im p ro v e
記者 기자 a reporter
地域 지역 re g io n ,area
헬機 헬기 a h e lic o p te r
全員 전원 a ll m e m b e rs, th e crew
油價 유가 o il p rice
株價 주가 sto c k p rice
税金 세금 a ta x ,a d u ty
料金 요금 a fa re , a fee
有料 유료 w ith fe e ,charged
W 독해 (Reading comprehension)
fro m a ll over th e w o rld th ro u g h n ew spap ers and bro adcasts. T here are m any K o re a n la n g u a g e
체 30과 173
economics, culture, education, etc. Today’s first news item was a story about a helicopter crash.
U n fo rtu n a te ly every one o n b o a rd d ie d . N e x t there w as a lo t o f e c o n o m ic new s. T he o il p ric e has
rise n , b u t sto c k p rice s are fa llin g . T hey say th a t fro m nex t m o n th taxes a n d b u s fares w ill rise.
4 연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 放 ② 送
③ 域 ④ 機
⑤ 故 ⑥ 油
⑦ 價 ⑧ 株
⑨ 稅 ⑩ 料
⑩ 局
다음 단어의 음과 뜻음 써 보세요.
① 放送 ② 放送局
③ 地域 ④ 料金
⑤ 헬機 ⑥ 交通事故
⑦ 全員 ⑧ 故ᄉ
⑨ 株價 ⑩ 油價
⑩ 稅金 無料
示 (보일 시)부+6획ニ총11획 ク 夕 ダ ;K 技 祭 祭
이 :b e tw e e n , o c c a s io n , c o n ta c t
H ill ( |5) and sacrifice/festival (祭, 제,sound part). Contacts between people
who meet for special occasions, festivals etc. are often held on a h ill or
elevated place because o f the view ,
e.g.) 국제 international,실제로 actually
P (언덕 부)부+11획= 총l 4획
협력 하 다 : t o c o o p e r a te
The com bination o f ten (+ ) and three powers (力) • In order to achieve
success, a num ber o f people (+ ,ten people) m ust make efforts ( 力).
e,g.) 협력 cooperation ,협상 negotiation, 타협 compromise
+ (열 십)부+6획= 총8획 f 7 •ド t? j f 協 協
돕다 : t o h e lp , to a s s is t
The com bination o f furthermore (且) and strength (力). A dding strength
means to help.
i e.g.) 조언 advice ,조교 teaching assistant, 협조 cooperation, 원조 aid
ᄌ
力 (힘 력)부+5획= 총7획
다투다 : to s tru g g le , w a r
The person holding (a variant o f 手) a hook ( J , 궐) is struggling ( /r、
nail).
e.g.) 전ス
보 war,경쟁 competitiveness, 논쟁 argument
다듬,차례 :next, s e c o n d , tu rn s
A variant o f tw o ( ニ) and yawn (欠) •
trip,one has seen enough and should
e.g.) 차례 order/turn, 차기 next
금지하다 : to p ro h ib it, to b a n
Forest (林) and god/to see a ghost ( 示). 示( 시) is related to the gods or
spirit. So ordinary people are prohibited from entering the forest where the
altar is found.
e.g.) 금지 prohibition, 금연 N o sm oking!
人
P (입 구) 부 + 3획 = 총6 획 合 合
2 단어 (W ords)
ᄉ權 인권 hum an rights
戰爭 전쟁 war
第一次 世界;
大戰 제일차 느 the First W orld W ar
第二次 世界;
大戰 제이차 人 the Second W orld W ar
安保 안보 security
禁止하다 금지 하다 to prohibit
3 독해 (R ead in g c o m p r e h e n s io n )
L iving in peace is the m ost im portant thing ror the w orld. Intem ational society works together on
a variety o f political and econom ic problem s like hum an rights. A nd through bodies such as the Red
Cross,we can help each other. B ut unfortunately wars have also occurred. U n til now the w orld has
experienced tw o W orld W ars. There was the First W orld W ar and the Second W orld W ar. M any
soldiers died on the battlefield. A n d m any civilians also died. W ars still occur in m any regions o f the
world. For the sake o f w orld peace and security, intem ational society prohibits the developm ent o f
nuclear weapons. In the future,it w ould be good, if the w orld was in harm ony and lived in peace.
4 연습 (Practice)
1. 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 際 ② 權
③協 ④ 助
⑤ 戰 ⑥ 爭
⑦ 次 ⑧ 保
⑨ 禁 ⑩ 止
⑩ 合
다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 國際社會 ② ᄉ權
③ 協力하다 ④ 協助하다
⑤ 赤十字 ⑥ 戰爭
.次 世界ᄎ戰 ⑧ 戰死
⑨ 民間ᄉ ⑩ 安保
⑩ 核개발 禁止 @ 和合하다
목숨,명령하다 :life, o rd e r
Order (令,령,sound part) and moutli/say (□
issued from the kins's mouth influenced one's
e.g.) 명령 order,생명 life
막다, 방어 하다 : to d e fe n d , to p re v e n t
HiH/embankmeiit ( IS/阜) and square/direction (方, sound part)- A h ill to
one side came to symbolize defense or prevention,
e.g-) 방수 waterproof,국방 national defense
(언덕 부) 부 + 4획 = 총7획
다스리다 :
to rule, to su p e rv ise
Thread/string ( 糸) and full/satisfaction (充,충,sound part). Originally, it
meant a long thread or lineage. The idea of follow ing a thread from end to
end led to the concept of ruling and supervising by inheritance,
e.g.) 통일 unMcation ,대통령 president of a country
(統 ) 통 糸 (실 사) 부 + 6획 = 총 l 2획
-r ぬ ;I T 1
領
Order/rule (令,souna part) and a head (頁)• So a chief rules and controls
territory.
e.g.) 영토 territorial land ,영사 consul,대통령 president
(脱 ) 탈 t 肉 (고기 육)부에획 ニ총 i i 획 月 ず r 於 股 脫
노 셋 섰 奴
力 (힘 력)부+ 5획 ニ총 7 努 努
, . ... _ - - -
歷史 역사 history
歷史 卜 역사상 in history
休戰 휴전 arm istice
六ニ五 육 •이오 6.25 (i.e. 25 June (1950),the outbreak the K orean W ar)
生命 생명 o n e ’s life
九死 生 ᅳ 구사일생 n in e deaths and one life (lit.); e narrow escape fro m death
이산家族 이산가족 separated fa m ily
生死 생사 life or death
國防 국방 n a tio n a l defense
西獨 서독 W e st G erm any
東獨 .V■
ᄋᄀ■
두 E ast G erm any
統一 토이
o ᄅ re u n ificatio n
T he m ost unhappy w ar m K o re a’s history is the K orean W ar. O n toe 2 5 th o f Ju n e 1950,a tragic
w ar broke out betw een K orean countrym en. T he arm istice situ a tio n continues even u p to the present
day. A t the tim e o f 6.25 (the K o re an W ar) soldiers fo llo w e d the orders o f their superiors an d fo ug h t
fiercely an d som e even d ie d in battle. C itize n s an d u n k n o w n soldiers lost their liv e s. There are som e
separated fa m ily m em bers are a liv e or dead. S oldiers are striv in g fo r our n a tio n a l defense and
security. T he U S Forces in K orea are stationed fo r peace in N o rth E ast A sia . W est and E ast G erm any
u n ifie d . A n d the w o rld is n o w in the Post-C old W a r era. Form er President K im D ae-jung and
C h airm an K im Jong-il h e ld a su m m it m eeting. R e ce n tly there have been many defectors from N orth
K orea. I hope that u n ific a tio n occurs soon.
4 연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 歷 ② 史
③ 命 ④ 令
⑤ 防 ⑥ 冷
⑦統 ⑧ 領
⑨脫 ⑩ 委
dD 努
다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 歷史 ② 同族
③ 休戰 ④ 上官
⑤ 命令 ⑥ 生命
⑨ 九死ᅳ生 ⑩ 國防部
dD 駐韓美軍 © 東北亞 平和
⑩ 統ᅳ @ 脫冷戰 時代
© 前ᄎ統領 ⑩ 委員長
脫北者 ⑩ 努力하다
m 재미^는 사저ᅣ성어
百 戰 百 勝 백전백승 (이다)
8 百 백 (백,hundred)
9 戰 전 (싸우다,to fight)
0 百 백 (백,hundred)
° 勝 승 (이기디-,to win)
정부 : g o v e r n m e n t o ffic e
j H ouse/building ( 广) and asking a favor (付,부,sound part). The public
! servant (イ) makes ( 寸) and enforces the laws at the governm ent building,
e.g.) 부처 m M istry ,정부 government
ᄇ
广广 户 府 府
내각 : C a b in e t,c h a m b e r
Door/gate ( 門) and each (各,긱■
,sound part). A large door leads to the
Cabinet chamber.
e.g.) 긱-료 Cabinet m em ber,내각 Cabinet, 개각 reshuffle
ᅵm
閃
n
r
gj
부
p-
문
획 II
획
H
CTr
+
4
J
의吾다 : rig h te o ^
The com bination or sheep/goat and I ( 我). A sheep was considered
innocent and righteous anim al, suitable for religious sacrifice,
e.g.) 의무 duty/obUg번 민주주의 democr비
의논하다 :
to d is c u s s , to c o n s u lt
W ords/speak ( 言,m eaning part) and hght/righteousness (義 , 의,sound part)
O fficers discuss how to dispense righteousness for the people,
e-g.) 회의 m eeting ,의호ᅵ Congress, 논의 discussion
현 諸 議 議
힘쓰다,의무 :
to exert, to p e rfo rm , d u ty
To perform a task/work 孜 (무, sound part), but adding strength ( 力,
m eaning part). In detail, halberd/spear (才, 모,sound part), strike/force ( 欠,
m eaning part) and strength ( 力5 m eaning part). So everyone makes an effort-
e.gO 의무 duty/obUg^^ 근무하다 w ork for, 사무실 office
黑 ( 검을흑 ) 부 + 8획 = 총20 획 常 # ^ 常 嘗 黨
선택하다,뽑다 : to se le c t, to c h o o s e , to e le c t
M ovem ent ( i ᅳ) and polite/respectful (異,손,sound part).
(L .) to elect the most respectful (異) candidate,
e.g.) 선거 election ,선택 choice, 선수 player
들다 : to h o ld , to lift
G ive/participation ( 與,여,sound part) and hand (手)
election, people hold up their hand to vote,
e.g.) 거행하다 to carry out, 선거 election
체 33:
라 공카 185
W 단어 (Words)
政府 정부 tne government
行政 행정 administration
稅金 세금 a tax
內閣 내각 the Cabinet
自由民主主義 자유민주주의 free democracy
ᄎ韓民國 대한민국 the Republic of Korea (ROK)
國務總理 국무총리 the Prime Minister
外交通商部 외교통상부 the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade
議會 의회 Congress,Parliament
독해 (Reading comprehension)
Every country has a government. Government worKS for the sake of administration, politics,
economics, society, culture,and national defense, uovemments must use well the taxes that citizens
have paid. In the Korean Government, the Cabinet, led by the President, carries out national
administration. The Prime Minister,the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, the Ministry of
Government Administration and Home Affairs,the Ministry of Finance and Economy,the Ministry of
Education,the Ministry of Women’s Affairs and the Ministry of Unification all work together. Like
the US Congress, the National Assembly passes important bills. There are also committees like the
Human Rights Commission. Politicians can freely undertake political activities. There is the ruling
party and the opposition party. Of the elections,the presidential election and the general election are
the most important. Korea is a liberal democratic country. Korea’s most important task at the moment
is South-North unification.
41 연습 (Practice)
1. 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 府 ② 閣
③ 義 ④ 議
⑤ 務 ⑥總
⑦ 理 ⑧ 黨
⑨ 與 ⑩ 選
⑩ 擧
2. 다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 政府 ② 行政
③ 찮숲 ④ 內閣
⑤ 自由民主主義 ⑥ ᄎ韓民國
처 |3 3 과 공7 ! 187
⑦ 國務總理 ⑧ 外交通商部
⑨ 行政自治部 ⑩ 財政經濟部
⑩ 議會 ⑩ 國會
⑩ 法案 @ 通過하다
© 政黨活動 ⑩ 與黨
⑩ 野黨 ⑩ 選擧
m 재미있는 사자성어
龍 頭 蛇 尾 용두사미 (가 되다,-로 끝나 버리다)
• 龍 용 (용,dragon)
• 頭 두 (머리,head)
° 蛇 사 (뱀,snake)
• 尾 미 (꼬리, tail)
정상 : s u m m it
N ail (丁,정,sound part) and head/page (頁
hand,a head is the top o f the body,
e.g.) 정상 peak, 정상회담 sum m it talks
말苦 :c o n v e rs a tio n , ta lk
W ords/speech ( g ,m eaning part) and leaping flam es ( 炎, 염,sound part). It
indicates a spirited discussion.
e.g.) 회담 talks, 농담 joke5 담화 discourse,
it 제 :s u b je c t, title, fo re h e a d
Right/correct ( 是,시, sound part) and head/page (頁). Generally speaking,
hanja that includes (頁) involves ideas o f thinldng and thought. Here, this is
extended to m ean subject,title,
e.g.) 제목 title ,문제 probl해 주제 the m ain subject, 숙제 homework
見 (볼 견)부+0획- 총7획 门 m 見
고치다 : to reform
Body/oneself ( 己,기, sound Dart) and beat/make ( 欠). O ne rerorms his/her
shortcomings.
g.) 개혁 reform ,フ
유선 im provem ent,개정 revision (of the law )
착하다 : to be good
Sheet) (羊) and words/speak ( 言). A sheep im plies “fm e,” or “good” in
nature.
e.g.) 선의 good faith, 최선을 다하다 to do one’s best
□ (입 구)부+9획= 총12획 높 ¥
말하다 : to talk , t o s p e a k
Tongue (古) controls words ( 言) w hen we talk.
e.g.) 화제 topic, 전화 telephone, 대화 conversation, 신화 m yth
논의하다,이론 : to d is c u s s , th e o ry
Words/speech ( B ) and to arrange neatly (命, 듄, sound part). A iianging
one’s words neatly refers to the logical presentation of an argument,
e.g.) 논의 discussion ,논쟁 argim e 폐 논란 controversy, 언논 journalism ,
이론 theory, 논리 logic
Korea holds summit talks with many countries in the world. Korea holds both bilateral negotiations
and multilateral negotiations. Korea holds summit meetings with many countries, such as the Korea-
4j 연습 (Practice)
음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요•
디卜
① 頂 ② 談
③ 題 ④ 商
⑤ 兩 ⑥ 意
⑦ 見 ⑧ 改
⑨ ⑩ 話
⑩ 는/노
R冊
다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 頂上會談 ② 兩者協商
③ 兩國 ④ 多者協商
⑤ 問題 ⑥ 主題
⑦ 歷史的 ⑧ 南北頂上會談
⑨ 訪北하다 ⑩ 訪韓하다
⑩ 南北對話 © 意見
© 改善되다 @ 論議하다
섬 : is la n d
A bird (鳥,조, sound part) above a m ountain ( 山). The m ountain is
surrounded by water,so it is an island. O nly a bird can reach i t
e-g.) 제주도 Jeju island ,한반도 Korean penirisula,무인도 u n in h ^ island
r:
山 (산 산) 부 + 7 획 -총 10획 r 수 측 출 ^ 島
특별하다 : s p e c ia l
C ow (牛) and tem ole/public office ( 寺). A cow w hich was specially raised
at a tem ple/public office was big and strong enough to carry heavy loads,
e-g-) 특별히 especially, 특허 patent, 특혜 special benefit
트
牛 (소 우)부 + 6획 = 총 10획 於 特 特 特
다르다 :different, s e p a ra te , s p e c ia l
The left part is an abbreviation o f bone ( 骨,골,sound part) and the right
nu
part is knife/cut ( リ,m eaning part). A doctor divides the body into bones
니
C Q
o
and flesh w ith a karre,
e.gO 별명 n ick nam e, 특별하다 special,별로 not ••• specially
벼
IJ (칼 도) 부 + 5 획 - 총7 획
오르다 : to c lim b
To w alk (y\ 빌-) and bean ritual vessel ( 豆,두). So one raises and pute a
ritual vessel on a high shelf. C lim bing is an associated m eaning,
e ^ .) 등산 m ountain clim bing ,등독 registration
드
, 八 (필 발)부十7 획 ニ총 12획 メ 八 八 答 發 登
金 (쇠 금) 부 + 2 획 = 총 10획 싸 答 爷 蒼 爸
체 35: 라 한 공 의 도시 193
激 ^ • 였 췌 ^ ^ ᄂ
밭,전씨 : fie ld , s u r n a m e C h e o n / J e o n
The pictograph o f a field.
e.g.) 대전 D aejeon city, 전원 rural district
(밭 전) 부 + 0 획 = 총5 획 n m 田 田
언덕 :hill, a r e a ’s n a m e
H ill/grave (丘, 구, sound part) and town/area ( 邑/ P)
e.g.) 대구 Daegu city
y 사 ^
3 ,邑 (고을 읍) 부 + 5 획 = 총8획
손님 :g u e s t
Roof/house ( ― ) and each (各,각,souna part). Each Derson visits other'
house. He/she is called a guest (순서)
e-g.) 객실 a guest room , 관객 audience
^ (집 면) 부 + 6 획 = 총9획 카 タ 文 客 客
s ご#크하a ^ inrr^!?: 減 스
르^-歡
ᅳ썼 一 ^
보다,관광 :
to se e , to w a tc h , s ig h ts e e in g
A w hite stork ( 謹, 관,sound part) and to see/look (見, 견). O riginally a
w hite stork meant 'to fly here and there’, so its m eaning extended to
'sightseeing'.
e.g.) 관광 sightseeing, 가치관 values
祐
見 (볼 견) 부 + 18 획 ニ총25 획
경사 :h a p p y event
The sim plification o f deer (鹿 ー产, 록) heart ( 心,심) 례 w alking slow ly
( 父,치). The young antlers o f the deer are thought to be very precious for
hum an health. A m inister w alks slow ly to present the antlers o f a deer at
the K in g ’s celebration.
e.g.) 경사 happy event,국경일 national holiday ,경주 Gyeongju
절:
te m p le
Temoles were established by a lot o f people ( 寸,hand) on the ground (土).
Temples were erected on a piece o f land (土) by a large num ber o f people
w orking together ( 寸,hand)
e.g.) 사찰 Buddhist tem ple, 불국사 Bulguksa temple
ニ® 삼면 three sides
半島 반도 a peninsula
韓半島 한반도 the Korean Peninsula
서울特別市 서울특별시 Seoul special municipality
機會 기회 opportunity,chance
登山하다 등산하다 to hike, to climb mountains
爸山 부산 Busan city
港ᄆ 항구 a port
仁川國際空港 인천국제공항 Incheon Intemational airport
ᄎ邱 대구 Daegu city
ᄎ田 대전 Daejeon city
光州 광주 Gwangju city
水原민속촌 수원민속촌 the Suwon folk village
観光客 관광객 tourist
慶州 경주 Gyeongju city
佛國寺 불국사 Bulguksa temple
案內員 안내원 a guide
# 독해 (Reading)
韓國은 三面이 바다인 半島입니다. 그래서 ‘韓半島1라고 부릅니다. 北쪽에는 北韓이 있고,南
쪽에는 南韓이 있습니다. 韓國에는 크고 작은 都市들이 있습니다. 서울은 韓國의 首都인데,겨
울特別市’라고도 부릅니다. 저는 機會가 있을 때마다,南山을 登山합니다. 韓國 第 ニ의 都市는
爸山인데,港 □都市입니다. 仁川에는 國際空港이 있어서,內國ᄉ과 外國ᄉ들이 出入國하고 있습
니다. :大邱,ᄎ田,光州도 ᄎ都市입니다. 水原 민속촌에는 많은 觀光客들이 訪問하고 있습니다.
慶州는 신라時代의 首都였습니다. 佛國寺 같은 歷史的인 文化財가 많습니다. 案內員은 観光客
들한테 잘 설명해즙니다. 韓國文化도 배우고,韓國語도 연습할 수 있어서,“•一石二鳥,
,입니다.
Korea is a peninsula surrounded on three sides by the sea. So it is called “the Korean Peninsula”.
In the north of the Korean Peninsula is North Korea, in the south is South Korea. There are big and
small cities in Korea. Seoul is the capital city and is called “Seoul special municipalityWhenever
체 3 5 ;라 한 공 의 도시 195
I have the chance,I go and climb Mount Namsan, Korea’s second largest city is Busan, which is a
port city. In Incheon, there is the intemational airport where residents of Korea and foreigners enter
and leave and enter the country. Daegu, Daejeon, and Gwangju are all also big cities. Many tourists
visit the Suwon folk village. Gyeongju was the capital city in the Shilla era. There are many historic
cultural relics like Bulguksa temple. Guides give good explanations to tourists. Because one can both
leam about Korean culture and practice Korean, it is “killing two birds with one stone”.
4 연습 (Practice)
다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 島 ② 特
③別 ④ 登
⑤ 爸 ⑥ 田
⑦ 邱 ⑧ 觀
⑨ 客 ⑩ 慶
⑩ 寺
2 . 다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① ニ曲 ② 半島
③ 韓半島 ④ 特別
⑤ 機會 ⑥ 登山
⑦ 整山 ⑧ 港□
⑨ 仁川空港 ⑩ 大邸
⑩ ᄎ田 ⑩ 光州
© 水原 @ 觀光客
© 慶州 ⑩ 佛國寺
© 案內員
일,직업 :m a tte r, p ro fe s s io n , jo b , k a rm a
The pictograph. o f the base and notched board o f a m usical instrumer
Cross-pieces were slotted in the notches and bells hung from them. It
associated w ith learning,leading to the m eaning profession and to work-
e.g.) 직업 jo b ,사업 business
木 (나무 목) 부 + 9 획 ニ총 13획
얼굴,내용,담다 : fa c e ,a p p e a r a n c e , c o n te n t, to c o n ta in
Roof/house ( 싸) and valley (谷), Here 谷 im plies an am ple capacity. So an
am ple house can contain m any things or people. Looks/appearance is a
borrowed m eaning,
e.g.) 용모 looks, 내용 content
( 説 )
대답하다 : to a n s w e r \
Bam boo (竹) and fit/unite (合, 합, souiid part). The outside o f a piece of
bam boo is very firm and its inside is empty. So it can be used as the
receptacle for a letter. In ancient tim es,people placed their replies inside a
piece o f bamboo. ,
e.g.) 답장 reply, 대답 answer
답 竹 (대 죽)부+ 6획ニ총12획 々 ^ 欠 裳 答 答
만들다 : to m a k e
Person (人ᅳ イ) and i m om ent / a short 作 ,사). A person ( イ)
“makes” something in short tim e (乍).
e.g.) 작문 com posidon ; 작품 a work, 시작하다 to begin
スᅡ
(사람 인)부+5획= 총7획
차:
te a
Grass (++) and a sim plirication of I (余, 여5 sound part). Tea is made from
tea leaves ( H) . I am tasting tea under the shade o f a parasol (人),
e.g.) 녹차 green tea, 다방 tea room
차 /다 ++ (풀 초)부+6획= 총10획 乂 성: 茶 茶
부과하다,과 : to im p o s e , c h a p te r
W ord (B J and fruit (果,sound part). In accordance w ith the fruit/result,i.e.
profit (果) o f a business,the government “declares” an am ount o f tax. O r
the lesson text contains words ( g ) w hich w ill bear fruit for the thoughtful
student.
e.g.) 고ト
장 section head, 과세 taxation ,제2 과 Lesson Two
과
(말씀 언)부+8획=:총15획 I f 1 言曰 評 誤
믿다 :
to tru st, to b elieve
Y ou can trust a person ( 人) w ho stands by their words (言)
신자 believer, 자신
e^g.) self-confidence,신뢰하다 to trust,
신용카•드 credit card
象 독해 (R e a d in g c o m p re h e n s io n )
King Sejong devised Hangul, the Korean alphabet, in 1443. There are 14 consonants and 10
vowels. I am a student who is currently studying Korean. I go to school five days a week. I study
체 36:
라 한극니 툰부 199
for three hours from nine o’clock in the morning until twelve o’clock So I have to enter the
classroom before nine o’clock. I have grammar classes, Chinese character classes, listening classes
and composition classes. Sometimes I don’t understand the teacher’s questions so I give irrelevant
answers. When this happens,the teacher always kindly explains the question. After class,I go to have
a meal with my friends. Following lunch I go to the library and review what I have learned that day
while drinking a cup of tea. Memorizing words is the hardest part. I am still not confident enough
to speak freely with Korean people. Tomorrow we are plaiming go on an excursion to Korea
Broadcasting System (KBS).
4 연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 室 ②授
③業 ④容
⑤質 ⑥說
⑦答 ⑧作
⑨茶 ⑩ 課
⑩信
2. 다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
①敎室 ② 子音
③ 母音 © 文法
⑤ 方法 ⑥ 授業
⑦ 作文 ⑧ 質問
⑨內容 ⑩ 東問西答
⑩ 說明 ⑩ 課
⑩ 自信 @ 韓國放送公社
⑩ 見學
1 기본 한 자 (B a s ic C h in e s e C h a ra c te rs )
열매,실제 :
fruit, reality, a c tu a l
Roof/house ( ^ ) and threaded beads ( 貫,관), O riginally it
was a lot o f property (threaded beads) in the house. Later
(집 면) 부 +11 획 = 총 14획 亡 융 命 흉 膏 實
체 3 ᄀ과 t h 공 니 공부 201
다시,반복하다 • a g a in , to re p e a t
Two persons/to go ( Y ) and a variant o f return (M :복,sound part). Two
persons ( f ) go somewhere and then return again (, :
).
e.g.) 복습 review ,회복 recovery
羽 (깃 우) + 5 획 := 총 11 획 習
방• : ro o m
A left door (戸) and direction/square (乃,sound part). A square enclosed
space w ith a door is called “a room ”.
e.2.) 다방 coffee shop, 책방 book shop ,방 room
戶 (문 호) 부 + 4 획 = 총8획 / 广 尸 声 겨•房
일어나다 :
to start, to leav e, to re le a se a n arrow
To tram p/w alk ( 八,빌\ sound part) and bow ( 弓). O ne stands firm ly on the
ground and shoots an arrow. It im plies “release” or “leave”,
e.g.) 발전 development,발표 aimouncement, 발음 pronunciation
(필 발) + 7 획 ニ총 12 획 八 八 於 發 發 發
소리 :s o u n d
音 is a com bination of 言 and 一. 日 here indicates that a sound comes
from a m outh. A person standing in the sun com plains loudly about the
heat. It refers to sound and music,
e.g.) 음악 m usic ,발음 pronunciation
立
音 (소리 음) 부 + 0 획 = 총9획 音 音
재목, :
tim b e r, re so u rc e , m ate rial
Tree (木) and skill/talent ( 才,재,sound part). A skilled lum berjack fells
timber.
e.g.) 재료 m aterial/data ,인재 talented person, 교재 textbook
도
(달릴 착)부+9획= 총13획
3 독해 (R e a d in g c o m p re h e n s io n )
께 3 ᄀ과 古
오공니 곤우 203
圖書館에 가서 復習하니끼-,韓國語 實カ이 많이 向上되었습니다. 新聞 漢字도 어느 定度 自信이
있고,發音도 많이 自然스러워졌습니다. 政治,經濟,社會,文化 모든 分野의 單語도 많이 알게
되었습니다. 食堂에서 飲食을 시키거나,茶房에서 茶를 시킬 때도 自信이 있습니다. 每日 韓國
語로 日記를 쓰려고 하지만,‘作心三日’ 입니다. 會話는 强한데,쓰기가 弱합니다. 文法的인 失手
가 많습니다. 오늘은 書店에서 韓國語 쓰기 敎材를 살 겁니다. 週末에는 江原道로 여행 가려고
합니 다.
I am a diplomat and a Second Secretary. Currently I am a student studying Korean. From August
of next year I will work in the political section of the US Embassy in Korea. I have been studying
Korean for nine months. Since I’ve reviewed the lessons everyday in a library, my Korean ability has
improved a lot. I am confident with the Chinese characters in newspapers to a certain degree,and my
pronunciation has become a lot more natural. I have learned words from all fields like politics,
economics, society and culture. I am confident ordering food in a restaurant and ordering tea in a
cafe. I try to keep a diary every day in Korean,but it is “a resolution that is good only for three
days”. My conversation is good, but my writing is weak. I make many grammatical mistakes. Today
I will buy a textbook for writing Korean at the bookshop. On the weekend,I plan to go travelling
to Lrangwon province.
4ノ연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 書 ② 堂
③實 ④飮
⑤復 ⑥習
⑦房 ⑧ 發
⑨音 ⑩ 材
© 道 ⑩ 圖
2. 다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 書記官 ② 政治課
m 지I미^는 사자성어
雪 上 加 霜 설상가상 (으로)
Frost on top of the snow (lit);
To make matters worse. It never rains but it pours.
0 雪 설 (눈,snow) • 上 상 (위,upper)
• 加 가 (더하다,to add) • 霜 상 (서리,frost)
체 3 ᄀ과 공부 205
제38과 반 대 어 (反對語,Antonyms)ᅳ4
이루다 : to a c h ie v e
A n adult ( 丁,정,sound part) and to be abundant (戊, 무). W hen one
becomes a young adult, he/she can “achieve” anything,
e.g.) 성인 adult, 성공 success
戈 (창 과) 부 + 3 획 = 총7 획 厂 厂 厂 成 成 成
성공 :m erit, s u c c e s s , service
A carpenter’s square ruler (エ,공,sound part) and strengtli/effort (力)
M eritorious service requires e ffo it
e.g.) 공로 m eritorious deed, 성공 success
고
o
力 (힘 력) 부 + 3 획 = 총5 획
부수다,실패하다 : to b re ak , to fail
S h e ll/ m o n e y ( 貝,패,s o u n d p a r t) a n d b e a t/b r e a k ( 欠) • T o ‘b r e a k ,s o m e o n e ^ s
欠 (칠 복) 부 + 7 획 = 총 11 획
재능 :
ta le n t
O riginally it was a pictograph o f the Dank of the river. A bank is a “basic”
m echanism to prevent overflowing- Likew ise, a talent is an innate ability.
U sually a hand skill sym bolizes one's talent or skill at something,
e.g.) 재능 talent,천재 genius
X
手 (손 수) 부 + 0 획 = 총3획 ナ 才
열다 : to o p e n
One removes the bar ( 升) and opens the gate ( 門).
e.g.) 개방 opening, 기]학 beginning o f school, 공:개 opening to the public
F
nj
w
I r
HJ
門 (문 문 ) 부 + 4획 = 총 じ획
;
ff
閉
閉
aj
p
F
n j
門 (문 문)부+3획= 총11획 1
- . ~ _ “ y //그
^ ! •—_ 一 디 ^一 느yんノ處級A
낮 : d a y tim e
I
§
日 (날 일)부+4획:=총11획 ᅭ ^ •육 •素 書 晝
밤 :n ig h t
Roof/house (—), person ( イ) and evening ( 夕). W hen evening comes,
people end their work and go back to tneir hom e for a good n ig h fs sleep,
e.g.) 야간학교 night school,주야로 day and night,always
격식,지위 .forrn,status,standard
Tree (木) and each (各). O riginally, this involved concrete form ,because
each tree haa its ow n shape. Later, it was extended to include more abstract
ideas of form.
e.g.) 기-격 price, 합격 pass an exam
가장 •• m o s t, -est
Speak/here a sim plification o f attack 冒 ( 日,왈) and take (取,주| sound
part)- In olden times,after a solider fought against the enemy, the 'most5'
im portant thing was to take (取) the ear (耳) of the enemy,
e.g.) 최고 highest, 최근에 lately, 최대 biggest
日 (날 일)부+8획= 총12획 투 ^ ^ 最 最
기록하다 :
^ I R to record
W 느^ ■ I ^ !
폐
록( 녹) 金 (쇠 금)부+8획= 총16획 il ダ 於 錄 錄 錄
-ᅭ ムニ i
체 38과 207
2j 단어 (Words)
We sometimes succeed,out we sometimes fail. It is not possible ror everytiuns to succeed. All
people have merits and faults. All things have both strong points and weak points. All people also
have their strengths and their weaknesses. There are multi-talented people and people who are not
particularly talented. There are great and powerful countries, and there are small and weak countries.
Department stores usually open at half-past-ten in the morning and close at eight o’clock. The book
store in front of the school is open twenty-four hours a day all year round. It is open during the day
and at night. There are those who pass their exams, and those who ran. If one does not try hard,
“there are no words to say in excuse,” even if you do not pass. Recently the mtmber of unemployed
people has recorded its highest level in history. It is said that there are even some people who do not
enjoy the minimum standard of living.
4/ 연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
①成 ②功
③ 敗 ④ 才
⑤ 開 ⑥ 閉
⑦ 晝 ⑧夜
⑨格 ⑩ 最
⑩錄
2, 다음 단어의 움과 뜻음 써 보세요.
① 成功 ② 失敗
③ 强ᄎ國 ④ 弱小國
⑤ 開店 ⑥ 閉店
⑦ 書店 ⑧ 開放
⑨ 晝間 ⑩ 夜間
체 38과 반 c fH 209
⑩ 合格하다 ⑩ 失業者
⑩ 最近 ® 最局
⑩ 最低 ⑩ 記錄하다
① 一長一短 (이 있다)
② 多才多能 (하다)
③ 年中無休 (이다)
④ 有ロ無言 (이다)
m 지I미있는 사자성어
東奔西走 동분서주 (하다)
A: 요즘 바쁜 것 같아요.
B: 결혼식을 준비하느라 ‘東奔西走(동분서주)’하고
있어요.
フI본 한자 (B a s ic C h in e s e C h a ra c te rs )
과
禾 (벼 화)부+4획= 총9획
^ 승 ,선생님 • te a c h e r, e x pert
The left part ( 自
) is a variant o f piled up 堆( 퇴)• A nd the right part is “to
wear/surroiind ( 市)”. A teacher is surroimded by a lot o f students as he/she
instructs.
e.g.) 교사 teacher,의사 doctor
시험 •• te s t, trial
W ord/speech ( 言) and form/ceremony (式, 식,sound part). A n examiner
questions the students in accordance w ith the test kit.
e.g.) 시험 test, 입시 entrance exam ,시합 match
入
(말씀 언)부+6획= 총13획 試試
I 시험하다 : t o e x a m in e ,to te s t
Horse (馬) and all/choose (命,점, sound part). O ne gathers and tests all
horses to choose the best.
馬 (말 마)부+13획= 총23획
군졸,마치다 : so ld ie r, to e n d
A variant o f clothing (衣) and ten (+ )• Here + means m aik. A soldier
a 'm arked m an' who ends his life on the battlefield,
e.g.) 졸업 graduation, 졸병 c o n m m soldier
ナ 豆 후
(열 십) 부 + 6 획 ニ총8획
돌다 • to g o ro u n d , to tu rn , to rotate
A pictograph o f a spiral and sym bol o f rotational m otion (◎)• This was
changed into a sm all square inside a larger one.
e.g.) 회복 recovery,회전문 turnstile
ロ (입 구) 부 + 3 획 ニ총6 획 ᅵ n n 阿 问 回
비용 :c o s t
The com bination o f dollar (弗) and shell or m oney ( 貝). It cost a lo t o f
dollars.
e.g.) 비용 cost, 학비 school expenses,소비 consum ption
貝 (조개 패) 부 + 5 획 = 총 12획
학원 : in stitu te
N o h ill ( |3) is complete (完, sound part) w ithout an "institution^ b u ilt on it.
e.g.)원장 director o f an institute, 학원 educational institute (also: cram
school),병원 hospital
(언덕 부) 부 + 7 획 = 총 10획
숫자 :n u m b e r, to c a lc u la te
Star/rare (宴,루,sound part) and beat/stick in hand ( 父) • A w om an uses
I stick to count the num ber o f stars.
人
I e .g .) こ •학 mathema^^ 점구 score
父 (칠 복) 부 + 11 획 ニ총 15획 ᄒ * i 拿 數
악 /락 /요
木 (나무 목) + 11 획 ニ총 15 획
制度 제도 a system
義務 의무 duty, obligation
義務教育 의무교육 compulsory education
初等學校 초등학교 elementary school, primary school
中(等)學校 중(등)학교 middle school
高等學校 고 •교 high school
;大學院 대학원 graduate school
科目 과목 a study subject
敎師 교 スト a teacher
國語 국어 national (i.e. Korean) language
數學 수학 mathematics
科學 과학 science
立麻 으아
曰木
進學하다 진학하다 to enter upon studies, to go up a class
試驗 시험 an examination, a test,an ex
學年 학년 school year
學期 학기 a semester
學院 학원 a cram school, institute
入學式 입학식 entrance ceremony
卒業式 졸업식 graduation ceremony
第 四十回 제40회 the fortieth
放學 방학 school break,school holidays
開學하다 개학하다 to begin school
ᄎ:多數 대다수 majority
3 독해 (Reading comprehension)
韓國의 敎育 制度는 初等學校 六年, 中(等)學校 三年, 高等學校 三年,大學校 四年입니다. 中
學校까지는 6義務教育’ 입니다. 公立學校도 있고,私立學校도 있습니다. 初等學校에서는 한 先生
님이 거의 모든 科目을 가르치십니다. 中學校부터는 科目마다 敎師들이 있습니다. 國語,英語,
數學,科學, 音樂等 여러 科目을 工夫합니다. 高等學校와 ᄎ學校를 進學하기 위해서는,試驗에
合格해야 합니다. 보통 三月에 새 學年,學期가 시작되고, 二月에 끝납니다. 그래서 入學式은 三
月初에 하고, 卒業式은 二月初에 합니다. 우리 學校의 이번 卒業式은 第 四十回입니다. 겨울 放
學 後에 開學하면,새 學年이 시작됩니다. ᄎ多數의 學生들이 授業 後에도 學院에 갑니다.
Korea’s education system is six years of primary school,three years or middle school, three years
of high school and four years of university. Compulsory education extends until middle school. There
are public schools and private schools. At primary school, one teacher teaches nearly all subjects.
From middle school, each subject has its own teachers. Students study subjects like Korean language,
English,mathematics,science,music, etc. In order to get into senior high school and university,
students have to pass an exam. Usually, the academic year starts in March, and finishes in February.
So school entrance ceremonies are at the start of March,and graduation ceremonies are at the start
of February. This year will be our school’s fortieth graduation ceremony. When studies start after the
winter break, the new academic year begins. The majority of students go to cram schools after their
classes.
4 연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
①制 ②科
③ 師 ④試
⑤驗 ⑥ 卒
⑦ 回 ⑧費
⑨ 院 ⑩數
⑩ 樂
다음 단어의 음 라 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 敎育 ② 制度
③ 義務敎育 ④ 敎師
⑤ 初等學校 ⑥ 中(等)學校
⑦ 高等學校 ⑧ ᄎ學院
⑨ 公立學校 ⑩ 私立學校
@ 入學式
式
@ 放學
© ;大多數
m 재미^는
^™*^하11
•쉽
사자성어
ft•••- • 뉴%
•%
%월瘦벼
**■ 1"^<*^%^%%%%<* ••••• •^%w••••
• 七 칠 (일곱,seven)
• 顚 전 (넘어지다,to fall down)
• 八 팔 (여덟,eight)
• 起 기 (일어나다,to get up)
(말씀 언) 부 + 2 획 = 총9획 튼十
닦다 :
to p o lis h , to d e c o r a te
Place/polish (攸,유5 sound Dart) and hair/fur/w ool ( ^ ,심;).
修
One polishes
the com b before com bing one’s hair,
e.g.) 수리하다 to repair ,어학연수 language
(사람 인) 부 + 8 획 = 총 10획
(마디 촌) 부 + 8 획 = 총 11 획
& 棄 鱼 專 專
공 격 하 다 : to a tta c k
攻
Caroenter's square ( X , 공 , sound part) and the verb 4to beatVweapon ( 欠)
Soldiers are attacking w ith weapons,
e.g.) 공격 attack,전공 specialty
고
o
欠 (칠 복) 부 + 3 획 ニ총7 珍 攻
I 선비 :s c h o la r, w arrior
士
O ne (一) and ten (十). A person who can leam ten tilings at once is a
scholar or a doctor. M em ory tip: T hink o f Hat for Bachelor’s degree/ a
mortar board worn on graduation •
e^g.) 박사 doctor,신사 gentlem ^ 변호사 attorney
ᄉ
士 (선비 사) 부 + 0 획 ニ총3 획
點數 점수 a score,m ark s
exam
學費 학비 s c h o o l expenses
專攻 전공 m a jo r,a sp e c ia lty
學科 학과 a sc h o o l su b je c t, a c o lle g e d e p artm e n t
化學 화학 ch e m istry
고 e n g in e e rin g
ェ學 학
論文 논문 a th esis
就職하다 취직하다 to g e t a jo b
敎授 교수 a professor
3 독해 (Reading comprehension)
Education is called a “hundred year grand plan”, education is that m iD o rtant. The most difficult
exam is the university entrance exam. This exam is called the Korean Scholastic Aptitude Test
(KSAT). If you intend to get into university your KSAT score is very important. Students who fail
to gain entrance to umversity try again. Those students studying to take the KSAT again mainly study
at cram schools. The tuition fees for national universities are cheaper than private universities. There
are also night universities and junior colleges. There are various major fields of study like English
literature, national (Korean) literature, chemistry, biology, physics, and engineering. Before graduating,
you have to submit a thesis on your major field of study. If you graduate from university you receive
a bachelor’s degree. University graduates find work or they go to graduate school. And after receiving
a Master’s degree or a doctorate,they become professors.
3ノ연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
①計 ②修
③專 ④攻
⑤士 (6) 位
⑦頓 ⑧博
⑨職 ⑩ 求
⑩就
2. 다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
③ 修能 (ᄎ學修學能力試験) ④ 點數
⑤ 再修生 ⑥ 學費
체 나 0 :라 대 학 교 219
⑦ 夜間;
大學校 ⑧ 專門ᄎ學
⑨ 専攻 ⑩ 學科
⑩ 英文學 ⑩ 國文學
⑩ 化學 @ 物理學
⑩エ學 ⑩ 論文
⑩ 學士學位 ⑩ 額士學位
⑩ 博士 ⑩ ;大卒者
m 재미^는 사자성어
博 學 多 識 박학다식 (하다)
• 博 박 (넓다,broad)
• 學 학 (배우다,to leam)
3 多 다 (많다,many)
° 識 식 (알다, to know)
3 フI본 한자 (B a s ic C h in e s e C h a ra c te rs )
5
i ( ° i ) r 歹 歹 , 列
IJ (칼 도) 부 + 4 획 = 총6 획
- :
-* ^ 그 一 1 ^ 2 'ᄂ ^ ニ :::
ᅳ 一 : — ! ニ스 : 二 V :•느----- J
차례,예 : order, e x a m p le
Person (人一 イ) and line/row ( 列). O riginally, it referred to people lined up
in proper order. Standing in order is a good “example',,
e.g.) 예를 들면 for exam ple ,차례 an order
례( 예)
(사람 인)부 十6 획 = 총 8 획 f イ
歹 융 例
: !.7 .核스^ ^ ^ T 7 .T 二7 ,, 향 -- »
•::
: illness, d is e a s e
Sickness/lie sick in bed 0 ) and soutlVthird in sequence ( 丙,병, sound
part). Here it means serious illness.
e.gO 병원 hospital, 질병 disease
(병 녁) 부 + 5 획 = 총 10 획
쇠 :iro n ,steel
Gold/iron/m etal (金,m eaning part) and black/dark (载,sound part). The
right part consists of a spear (戈),b ig (大) and offer ( 呈),and represents a
I big black spear offered by the K ing to a soldier. A ll put together,the
character means massive black m etal, a reference to iron and steeL
e.g.) 철도 rail road ,지하철 subway, tube
金 (쇠 금) 부 + 13획 = 총2 1획 , ^ f 於 發 鐵
^ fiL :
tic k e t, v o te , la b e l, sig n
To cover/a waist ( 两) and to show (示) • 'T o cover,can be extended to
include 'to protect'. Y o u protect tilings w hich are im portant. A nd in order
to show an im portant point, one marks it or attaches a sign. It is associated
w ith voting or a ticket. I
e .g j 투표 voting, 매표소 ticket booth
표 (보일 시) 부 + 6 획 = 총 11 획 r n 西 西 j© 西
번개,전기 • lig h tn in g , electricity
R ain (葡 and the shape o f lightning (a variant o f 甲,to report). Lightning
is usually used to refer to electricity.
e-g.) 전기 electricity ,전자제품 electronic goods, 전화 telephone
雨 (비 우) 부 + 5 획 = 총 13 획 수 雨 常 雪 電
^ 그
ᄉ^ yy-~ *. 一一• — -
길 :ro a d , route
Foot ( 足一£ ) and each (各) • Each person nas to w alk his/her road
e.g.) 도로 road
로 (노 ) 足 (발 족) 부 + 6 획 = 총 13 획 >
역 :s ta tio n
Horse (馬) and to watch/here to take care o f ( 풀,역,sound part), A groom
took care ( 畢) o f a horse ( 馬) at the station,
e.g-) 서울역 Seoul station ,종착역 te rm ^ station
馬 (말 마) 부 + 1 3 획 = 총23 획 3 I 於 釋 釋
Tf
頁 (머리 혈) 부 + 3 획 ニ총 じ획 ) ;
*] ;
«ipi 0 順
처음, 순서,차례 :b e g in n in g , o rd e r
A b is house C厂) 없넌 I/to give (予,ᄋ1),sound part). In m y house, a certain
order m ust be observed For exam ple the elder eats first at all times.
e,g.) 순서 order, 서열 rank
(큰돌집 엄) 부 十4획 = 총7 획 广 产 声 序
例를 들면 예를 들면 for ex^mPle
病院 병원 a hospital
公共場所 공공장소 a public place
入場票 입장표 없1 entrance ticket
地下 鐵 지하철 subway
電鐵驛 전철역 subway station
地下鐵驛 지하철역 subway station
電話 전화 a te le p h o n e
道路 도로 a road
Z 독해 (Reading comprehension)
When living in society, vou have to wait for your turn for the sake of yourself and others.
Especially in public places like hospitals and banks,you must always wait for your turn. When you
buy an entrance ticket or a subway ticket, you should wait for your turn. At subway stations, it is
only safe, if you board in order. When you use a public telephone, no matter how little time you
have,you must wait for your turn. When you drive on the roads too, you must wait your turn. At
체나 1과 카레 223
the school cafeteria, you get your food in order and then have to eat. When you pay for something
a t a d e p artm e n t store o r p a y y o u r b u s fa re ,y o u m u s t w a it y o u r tu rn . I f y o u g o to sig h tse e in g spots,
4j 연습 (Practice)
다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
①列 ②例
③病 ④鐵
⑤ 票 ⑥ 電
⑦路 ⑧驛
⑨轉 ⑩ 順
® 序
2 . 다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 社會生活 ② 次例
③ 列車 ④ 例를 들면
⑤ 病院 ⑥ 公共場所
⑦ 入場票 ⑧ 地下鐵
⑨ 飄驛 ⑩ 觀光地
빌다 :
to p ray , to c e le b ra te
Be seen/god (示,m eaning part), m outh ( ロ) and benevolent person ( 儿), A
good person prays to G od for good lu c k
e.g.) 축하 co n g m ^ 축제 festival,축복 blessing
(祝 ) 죽
示 (보일 시) 부 + 5 획 = 총 io 획 T /? I W 祝
축 하 하 다 : to c o n g ra tu la te
A dd (加,가, sound part) and shell/money/here valuable g ift (貝). By
providing a valuable gift, one congratulates someone on an occasion,
e.g.) 하객 congratulator, 축하 congratulations, 연하장 New Year Card
(조개 패) 부 + 5획 = 총 12획 加 ᅲ 향 臂 管 賀
다르다 : d iffe re n t i
The upner part is an ear o f grain like bariey ( 至) and left ( 左,죄-,sounci
part), acting to express uneven/unequaL So uneven ears o f grain came to
m ean unevenness and difference,
e.g.) 차이 difference, 격차 gap
누
ェ (장인 공)부十フ획 = 총 10획
田 (밭 전) 부 + 6 획 = 총 11 획 © 里 異
;: ᅳ
ゾ :느:요• .ぶ
:COW, ox
A pictograph o f the horn o f an ox depicts a cow/ox
e^g.) 힌-우 Korean beef
o
牛 (소 우) 부 + 0 획 = 총4획 牛
체나2 과 매 ホ d에 서 225
물건,경 우 : ite m , th in g , m a tte r
Person ( 人) and cow (牛)- In agricultural society, a cow very
im portant thing (item ),
e.g.) I 건 goods,入ト건 happening/incident, 조건 condition
ィ (사람 인)부+4획ニ총6획
기획하다,기업 : to p la n , e n te rp rise
Person ( 人) and foot/stop 止,ス1, sound part). A ncient script depicts the
exaggerated toes o f a person standing on tiptoe. A businessman stops in
order to plan an undertaking,
e.g.) 기업 enterprise, 기획 planning
I 제吾 :to m a k e , m a n u fa c tu re , p r o d u c ts
i System (制,제,sound part) and clothing (衣,의) • W e should manufacture
I clothing systematically.
e.2.) 제품 goods, 제조 m anufacture ,미제 made in U-SA.
물건 : t h in g ,o b je c t,g o o d s
Three m ouths indicating a group o f com m on people- In old tim es, the ruling
class considered the cornm on people as chattels or tilings, A group of
people came to m ean assembly, and eventually specific group o f things
rather than people.
e.g.) 품질 quality, 제품 goods,부품 parts
XJ ロ
ロ (입 구)부+ 6획= 총9획 VtXT ロロ
■ _ //> • ^ / / / . T* :
-
농사 :fa rm in g
To bend ( 曲,곡) and star (辰,신). So a farmer w ith a bent back works
hard in a fie ld until the stars com e out.
e.g.) 농업 agriculture, 농부 farmer, 농사" farm ing
노
辰 (지지 진)부十6부= 총l 3획 严 夢 廣 農
낳다,생산하다 • to g iv e birth, to p r o d u c e
B irth/life ( 生,생) and handsome scholar Q多,언,sound part). A mother
gives birth to a good looking baby.
e.gO 산업 industry, 생산 production ,줄산 baby delivery ,부동산 real estate
(產 ) 산 生 (날 생) 부+ 6획- 총11획 产 声 彦 產
. - - 广• 어 - - 그 찌 " '燦 v
: ャグダ^ ? ^ 二— :赠 ^ ^
향 셌 ^ ^ 스 자 ᄀ r • 四w 요 : " ' r i> r ^ 3
參 독해 (Reading comprehension)
Tomorrow is my friend,
s university graduation ceremony. I am going to nold a congratulatory party
for my friend. So,as soon as class was over I went to a department store to buy both a
congratulatory present and ingredients for cooking. The traffic was bad and the road looked like a
so there w ere hordes o f people. T he departm ent store had a ll k in d s o f things. There w ere m any h ig h
q u a lity products fro m each enterprise. There w as dom estic fa rm produce lik e K orean b e ef an d m any
kinds o f fa rm produce fro m every country in the w o rld . In general, the prices w ere m ore expensive
3 연습 (Practice)
다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 祝 ② 賀
③ 差 ④ 異
⑤ 牛 ⑥ 件
⑦ 企 ⑧ 製
⑨ 品 ⑩ 農
⑩ 產
or 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요•
① 祝賀하다 ② 料理
材
© 料金
⑤ 駐車場 ⑥ 差異
⑦ 人山人海 ⑧ 韓牛
@ 物件 ⑩ 企業
⑩ 生產하다 品質
© 製品 ⑩ 農産物
© 價格 ⑩ 時計
와 勞 흔
처음,시 작 하 다 : b e g in n in g , to start
W oman (女,녀) and to raise ( 台,태/ 이,sound part). From the tim e a
woman is pregnant, she begins to raise a baby,
e.g.) 시작하다 to begin, 시종 tooughout
바꾸다(역) ,쉽다(이) : to e x c h a n g e , e a s y
Originally, it was a pictograph of a big-eyed
W hen the sun’s rays reflects o ff a lizard
readily/easily.
e.g.) 무역 trade,용이하다 easy
체43 과 쇠小 姆 229
:i M r: 爾 S .V 2 1 ニ 」 愈 奴
그
力 (힘 력)부 +11 획 = 총 13획 용 事 il 勤
고 ル
P (입 구) + 4 획 = 총7 획
行 (다닐 행) + 6 획 = 총 12획
暴 독해 (R e a d in g c o m p re h e n s io n )
^14 54 ル k 姆 231
합니다. 水原이 집이라서,서울까지 1時間쯤 걸립니다. 地下鐵에서 新聞을 읽거나, 音樂을 듣습
니다. 가끔 業務가 많으면,夜間에도 勤務할 때가 있습니다. 저는 職員들과 한 달에 한 번 登山
합니디、저는 會社生活을 하는 동안,經驗과 實カ을 많이 쌓아서,退職한 後에 事業家가 되고 싶
습니다.
In Korea there are big companies,but there are also many small and medium enterprises, fhe
Ministry of Labor started to implement the five-day working week system several years ago. So eveiy
week on Saturday and Sunday banks and many companies are closed. I am currently working as a
section head in a trading company. Gradually, I have more responsibility. Everyday we start the day
with a meeting. I report to the department head what the day’s tasks are. I prefer to catch the subway
to work rather than drive my own car. My house is in Suwon, so it takes about one hour to get to
Seoul. On the subway I read the newspaper or listen to music. Sometimes when there is a lot of
work I even work in the evening. Once I month I go mountRia climbing with my co-workers. While
working at a company I have accumulated a lot of experience and ability,so when I retire I want to
become an entrepreneur.
3j 연습 (Practice)
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 勞 ②始
③ 貿 ④ 易
⑤ 退 ⑥勤
⑦責 ⑧任
⑨約 ⑩ 告
⑩ 街
2. 다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① ᄎ企業 ② 中小企業
③ 勞動部 ④ 勞動者
⑤ 週五日勤務制 ⑥ 始作하다
⑨ 勤務 ⑩ 出勤
@ 退勤 責任
© 會議 @ 部長
⑩ 業務 ⑩ 報告
© 自家用 ⑩ 職員
⑩ 經驗 ⑩ 退職
@ 事業家 Wall 街
m 재미^는 사자성어
« « « « . 9 9 # « V9 a Va %/ ^ * « » « » » » « r r 0 999f t ^ § f t f t ##l %» « 9 9 t r t 9 9 0 9999%f t ^ ^ k r 9 9 # t 9 9 9 999Af t A§ i f t # i 9 f 9 9 9 9 V9 i i 9 t t 9 i Af t f t i f f # ^# 9 r i a t t 9 i | 9 9 9 9 0 C9 9 B9 9 9 f t f t ^ # # # J # # 4 ^ « « f » • • » • • #• ##« • • • • «
同 苦 同 樂 동고동락 (하다)
° 同 동 (같다,same)
• 苦 고 (쓰다,어렵다,bitter,difficult)
fl 同 동 (같다,same)
• 樂 락 (즐겁다,happy)
빠르다,속도 : f a s t ,s p e e d
M ovem ent ( i ᅳ
) and to bind/appoint (束,
hurrying movement at the appointed tim e is
e.g.) 속도 speed,고속도로 express way
던지다 : to th ro w , to c a s t
H and ( 字) and spear/stick ( 受,수 sound part). A weapon is thrown or cast
by hand.
e.g.) 투표 vote, 투수 pitcher,투
록
字 (손 수) 부 + 4획 = 총7:
:
一ズ泌- 그그 :냐 고 ※ 撒 샀办 说 ■ 느 广 ᅳ
飞 -------- 厂、 ᅳ ニ 그: - * - lJ— 예 ■
도 ᄀ ᅳ
그
!
이익 :profit, b e n e fit
A fter cutting the ripe rice plants (禾) w ith a knife ( l j ) ? the fanner can
m ake a p ro fit
e.g-) 이익 profit,이자 interest, 권리 one’s right
• a m o u n t, m e a s u re
曰 is a vessel fu ll (□ ) o f som ething (~ ). The low er part (里) is village,
but here a sim plification o f heavy (重, sound part). Thus it indicates to
measure the w eight of a vessel,
e.g.) 대량 large quantity, 소량 sm all quantity
吾 景 量 量
께44 과 거체 235
2 단어 (Words)
농업 agriculture
M 홍中心經濟 농업중심경제 an agriculture-centered economy
七十年代 70년대 the 1970s
高速道路 고속도로 an expressway
局速成長 고속성장 rapid (economic) growth
ᅳᄉ當 國民所得 일인당 국민소득 per capita national income
萬弗 만불 US $10,000.
地下資源 지하자원 underground resource
輸出하다 수출하다 to export
輸入하다 수입하다 to import
重化學 製品 중화학제품 heavy and chemical industries
市場開放 시장개방 market opening
貿易 相對國 무역상대국 a trade partner
去來하다 거래하다 to deal with, to transact
對美貿易 대미무역 trade with the United States
赤字 적자 the deficit
黒字 흑자 the surplus
利益 이익 profit
好況 호황 economic boom
不況 불황 dullness, depression, be in slump
分野 분야 a field
金利 금리 interest
;大量失業 대량실업 high unemployment
勞使問題 노사문제 labor-management issues
専門家 전문가 an expert,a specialist
方案 방안 a plan, a proposal
korea had an agriculture-centered economy for a long time、But trom the 1970s rapid economic
growth began. The per capita national income exceeded US $105000. Now,Korea has almost become
a developed country. Korea lacks underground resources, so economic development was primarily
achieved through exports. Korea exports many cars and products from heavy and chemical industries.
Through market opening there is a lot of business with trading partner countries• Through its trade
with the United States, Japan and others, Korea imports and exports goods. Deficits are more
common than suipluses. Enterprises also invest overseas for the sake of better profits. Some sectors
are enjoying good times, but overall the economy is in a slump- The oil price rises and stock prices
fall. This has caused a lot of unemployment, and trouble between labor and management has been
increasing- So economic specialists are coming up with many proposals•
S 연습 (Practice)
1. 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 速 ② 輸
③ 當 ④得
⑤ 投 ⑥ 資
⑦ 源 ⑧ 況
⑨ 利 ⑩ 益
⑩ 量
에나나과 ホ 사 237
단 어 의 음 과 뜻 을 써 보 세 요 .
① ② 高速道路
⑤ 萬弗 ⑥ 地下資源
⑦ 輸出과 輸入 ⑧ 重化學 製品
⑨ 市場開放 ⑩ 貿易 相對國
⑩ 去來하다 © 赤字와 黑字
© 利益 ⑩ 投資
⑩ 好況과 不況 分野
⑩ 金利 ⑩ 大量失業
⑩ 勞使問題 專門家
m 재미^는 사자성어
v1| フ|본 한자 (B a s ic C h in e s e C h a ra c te rs )
느끼다,느낌 : to fe e l, fe e lin g
A ll/m iso ti (咸,함,sound part) and heart/m ind ( 心). A ll hum an beings have
emotions and feelings.
e.g.) 감정 feeling, 감사하다 thank^ 감기 a cold
a
狀
모양(상),문서(장) : a p p e a r a n c e , c o n d itio n , d o c u m e n t
Board (-M, 장 ,sound part) and dog ( 犬)、O ne reports the condition o f a dog
in a wooden doghouse.
e.g.) 상황 situation, 상장 certificate o f m erit
典
又 (또 우)부+6획= 총8획 夢 受
늣 :m e a n in g , o n e ’s will
A scholar/warrior (士) and heart/m ind ( ノ
^ ) • The scholar shows his w ill from
his heart.
e.g.) 의지 w ill, 지원하다 to apply for
X
心 (마음 심)부+3획= 총7획 士士 士女
ハ^
_ 여 ^ 려
좋 다 :good
^ in infant child. W hen a m other ( 女) holds her baby ( 子)
A w om an cradlins
in her arms,she feels good 游 )•
e.g.) 호황 boom , 선호 preference
굴
ふ ᅳᅳ지 디 一 ᅳ- ニ r :
친구 :
friend, companion
友
T h is c h a ra c te r o n g in a lly d e m c te d tw o nsht hands ( 又). I t sym oouzed
o
ᄀ•
“shaking hands”,So two persons shaking hands can become friends,
e.g.) 우정
又 (또 우)부 + 2 획 = 총4 획
friends邮 우방국 ally,
一
전우
/^
cororade-in-arms
方 友
2^
ᅪ근 t :country, nation
邦
ftetty/roany ( 丰,봉,sound part) and tow n (邑 ᅳ- 15). M any towns form a
country.
/ぎ
e.g.) 우방국 ally, friendly nation
til-
1사 邑 (고을 읍) 부 + 4 획 = 총7 획 ᅳ ^ # # 5 #[5
惡
Next/ugly/bad ( 亞,아, sound part) and heart/m ind H ate is an ugly
emotion. I hate evil things.
e.g.) 악화 aggravation ,증오 hatred
胃
악/오 心 (마음 심) 부 + 8획 ==총 12획 ^ チ 퓨 류 亞 惡
생각 : th o 니g h t,c o n c e rn
N ow (今,금, souna part)
念
and neait/m ina O ls m eaning part).
‘Thoughts’ and 'concerns' are w hat is in m y heart at this moment.
Som ething fim ily possessed in the heart is a profound thought,
e.g.) 기념 com m em oration, 이념 ideology
성 !獅
념( 염) 心 (마음 심) 부 + 4 획 - 총8획 入 本 수 念 念 念
故 ᄀ' ' . 心•r "r % . . •リ v , v : 화 . .,T. S _______ 느가 그}향 * ᄂ - 笑 一 라 x 淡- :규 졔 . 和 . ^ * 먹^ᅵ V . w . . - V .......... :ᄂ . - . / / く一. “ 3 &
오래다 :lo n g , o ld
D ot ( V ) and water (水). Several watercourses ( 水) jo in and flow as one
영 水 (물 수) 부 + 1 획 = 총5 획 ' 3 フ1 永 永
잇
멀다 :
fa r, d is ta n t
A movement/jumping ( t ) and a long, large piece o f clothing (袁,원,|
sound part). Loose clothes (致) are good for traveling ( ;
ᄂ) long distances,
e.g.) 영원히 forever, 원시 longsighted
逐
원 ᄂ (달릴 착)부+ 10획ニ총l 4 획 + 土 去 ;f 袁 遠
%
感情 감정 feeling
表情 표정 facial expression
行動 행동 behavior
氣分 기분 feelings,sentiment,a mood
상황 situation
異見 이견 difference of opinions, a different opinion
論爭하다 논쟁하다 to dispute,to argue
論議하다 논의하다 to discuss
相對方 상대방 a partner,other person
强要하다 강요하다 to force, to compel
立場 입장 one,
s standpoint
受容하다 수용하다 accept
意志 의지 one s will,intention
權利 권리 one’s right
主張하다 주장하다 to insist, to assert
理念 이념 ideology
友好관계 우호관계 good relations
友邦(國) 우방 (^ ) an ally,a mendly country
惡하다 악하다 to be bad
善하다 선하다 to be good
永遠하다 영원하다 to be eternal
독해 (Reading comprehension)
체나5 :
라 7]저 241
People are animals with feeling. Feelings come out in our facial expressions and behavior. We act
according to our own moods and circumstances. Sometimes differences of opinion arise and we might
even argue. Sometimes we force our own ideas onto others. But we should respect the opinions and
positions of others and sometimes we should accept them. Everyone acts according to their own will.
But when there are big issues you should not only stress your own rights but should also cooperate.
Countries have different ideologies. The Korean War was an ideological war. Countries with whom
you have good relations are friendly countries. Between friends there is friendship. There are more
good people on earth than bad people. And feelings between people do not last forever.
嘯 연습 (Practice)
다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 感 ② 狀
③ 受 ④ 志
⑤ 好 ⑥ 友
⑦ 邦 ⑧ 惡
⑨ 念 ⑩ 永
⑩ 遠
2. 다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요•
① 感情 ② 表情
③ 狀況 ④ 異見
⑤ 論爭하다 ⑥ 論議하다
⑦ 意志 ⑥ 理念
⑨ 友好관계 ⑩ 友邦(國)
⑩ 惡하다 © 善하다
© 永遠하다
떨어지다 •• t o fall, t o d r o p
. Grass (卿 一 •ト
ト) and river nam e/originally it m eant fallin g water (洛,락/닉
i sound part). Thus a pictograph o f plants falling like water indicates falling
leaves.
i e-g.) 하락 fa ll, 낙선 defeat in an election
락( 낙) * (풀 초)부+9획==총l 3획
오르다 : t o rise
Sun ( 曰) and measure/to scoop ( 升,승,sound part). O ne 升 (a unit of
measure) is 10 hops. The sun rises like grains being scooped onto a pile,
e.g.) 승진 prom otion ,상승 rising, 승강기 elevator
o
日 (날 일)부+4획= 총8획 芦 里 昇 昇
덜다,감 소 하 다 : t o t a k e off, to r e d u c e
咸
I W ater ( ^ ) and all/unison (咸,함,sound part). O ne drinks water. so now
: the am ount o f water decreases,
e.g.) 감소 decrease,감원 layoff,감속 reducing speed
(물 수)부+9획= 총i2획 /; } r ^ 減 減 減
더하다,증가하다 • to a d d , to in c re a s e
Land/m ound (土) and early/repeatedly (晋,숭,sound part). One increases
; the height o f a m ound by adding earth repeatedly.
I e.gO 증;
가 increase,급증 rapid increase
ズ
I■
년
o
土 (흙 토)부 + じ획 = 총 IS 획
팔다 :to sell
A sim plification o f ( 出,줄,going out) and buy (貢, ロ
fl,sound part). One
goes out and sells goods w hich one bought before,
e.g.) 매진 sold-out, 판매 sales
매
사다 : to buy
Net/here a bag ( ra ) and shell/m oney (貝), One buys goods w ith shells
(money) and puts them into the bag.
e.g.) 매매 buying and selling, 구매 buying/purchasing
적: e n e m y ,m a tc h
Root o f tree/base ( 商, 적, sound part) and beat ( 欠). One has a deep-rooted
enm ity towards the enemy.
e.g.) 적군 enemy, 적대감 hostiU^
欠 (칠 복)부+11획= 총l 5획 면 离 齡 敵
피하다 :
to e s c a p e , to a v o id
The upper part is a w om an's genitalia and the low er part is her legs. It
depicts a w om an squatting, striving to give oirth. After delivery,she can
escape further pain,
e.g.) 면세 duty-free, 사면 amnesty
덜다,손해 : to re d u c e , lo ss, m is s
H and (手一字) and member/round vessel (員,원, sound part). I f a member
removes m oney (貝) w ith his hand ( 宇) from a round vessel, it,s a loss for
the club.
e.gO 손해 loss
소
宇 (손 수)부+10획= 총13획 i ^ ^ 揭 捐 損
해롭다 : h arm fu l, d e m a g e
House/roof (세 a variant o f hair-here m eaning m any (宅) and m outh ( ロ).
People sitting in the house speak ( ロ) ill o f others a lot ( 毛), That “harms,
,
one’s reputation.
e.g.) 피해 damage,방해 obs加ction
(집 면)부+7획= 총10획 누 숭 堂 堂 害 害
보 다 : to s e e ,to look, to re g a rd
See the ghost/god (示,시,sound part) and See (見,opinion) O ne looks and
sees w hat’s going on.
e.g.) 시력 eyesight, 무시하다 disregard
체나6 과 245
게는 權利도 있지민-,義務도 있습니다, 國家間에도 利害관계가 있어서 自國의 利益을 더 重要視
하게 생각합니다. 事實 永遠한 敵도 友邦도 없습니다. “貧益貧 富益富” 現象이 있습니다. 先進
國과 後進國間에도 貧富格差가 심합니다. 最近에는 뇌물授受 事件도 자주 일어납니디-•
Recently stock mices are falling and the price of oil is rising. Korea’s population is falling but the
population of senior citizens is increasing. The economy has good times and it has difficult times.
Shopkeepers at Namdaemun market complain that business is not going well. Both wholesalers and
retailers are in a slump. The economy must recover quickly. There are goods which are taxed and
those that are tax free. Everyone,male or female, young or old,prefers profits to losses. Citizens
have rights, but they also have duties. Between countries too,there is an interest-based relationship,
so countries think that their own interests are more important. In reality, there are no eternal enemies
or friends. There is the phenomenon of the rich get richer and the poor get poorer. The wealth gap
between developed and less developed countries (LDC) is extreme. Lately, bribery cases are occuring
frequently.
4 연습 (Practice)
다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 落 ② 昇
③ 減 ® 增
⑤ 賣 ⑥ 買
⑦ 敵 ⑧ 免
⑨ 損 ⑩ 害
2. 다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 卜落 ② 上昇
③ 減少 ④ 增加
⑤ 商ᄉ ⑥ 賣買
⑦ 都買 ⑧ 小賣
⑨ 回復 ⑩ 課稅
利益 @ 利害관계
⑩ 貧益貧 富益富 現象
m 재미있는 사자성어
多多益吾 다다익선 (이다)
多 다 (많다,many)
多 다 (많다,many)
益 익 (더하다,to add)
善 선 (좋다,be good)
제냐6:4 bi 쇄니 247
제47과 세 계 화 (世界化,Globalization)
1 フI F 한자 (B a s ic C h in e s e C h a ra c te rs )
경
土 (흙 토) 부 + 11획 = 총 14획 소 ^ デ 产 请 境
바꾸다,교환하다 : to e x c h a n g e
H and ( 우) and to shine/bright ( 矣,환,sound part). One exchanges w ith
one’s hands.
e.gO 교환 exchange, 환율 exchange rate
換
환 M
우 (손 수) 부 + 8획 = 총 l 2 획 ^ ド が が 捧 換
공 : ball, s p h e re
A gein/jewel (玉 一 또) and to seek (求,구,sound part). It meant a w ell
form ed round jew el and came to m ean perfectly round or spherical,
球 e.g.) 지구 globe ,야구 baseball
구
玉 (구슬 옥) 부 + 6 획 = 총 11 획 포 ^ 对 对 球 球
나그네 •• tra v e le r
Direction/here places ( 方),a variant o f person ( 人) and three river branches/
here various (派). A person ( 人) travels aio\md vario\is places,
e.g.) 여행 travel, 여뭔 passport, 여관 hotel,inn
旅
려 ( 여 )
方 (모 방) 부 + 6획 = 총 10획 名 广 沪 於 游 旅
-- ---- —---r"•一 :•
i ᅳ-
결혼하다 : to g e t m arried
W om an (女) and dark/dusk ( 昏, 혼,sound part). In o ld tim es, the w edding
婚
ceremony was performed at a bride’s (女) home at dusk ( 昏)•
e.g.) 결혼 m arriage ,약혼 engagement, 미혼 unm arried ,기혼 m arried ,
이혼 divorce, 재폰 remarriage
혼 雜
女 (여자 녀) 부 + 8 획 = 총 11 획 ^ W ザ 氏 婚
»今
. ••-一 ' * •*秦
,幸
• 벼
••빼
스
*,i<4 ᄀ
'*••• 一
.
ロ]욜 :a v illa g e
村
Tree/wood (木) and jo in t o f a fmger/measure/inch ( 寸,촌, sOTind part). A
village is made from w ood uniform ly measured and cut into shape.
1 e.g.) 농촌 farm ing village, 촌사람 countryman 零
초
木 (나무 목) 부 + 3 획 = 총7획 - 寸 ^ 打 村 村
宗敎 종교 religion
敎會 교회 a church
傳統 (的) 전통(적) tradition(al)
資本主義 자본주의 capitalism
共產主義 공산주의 communism
社會主義 사회주의 socialism
弱 肉强食 약육강식 the law of the jungle
論理 논리 logic
身土不二 신토불이 the land and the people are one
知識 지식 knowledge
速度 속도 speed
交 換 하다 교환하다 to e x c h a n g e
독해 (Reading comprehension)
There are a great number of countries and peoples m the worla. Their languages,cultures,
ideologies, religions, traditions and systems are all different from one anothei. And there aie capitalist,
communist, socialist and democratic countries. Sometimes international society applies logic of “the
law of the jungle”. Some Korean people emphasize that you cannot separate the people and the land,
rather, “the land and the people are one” and oppose importing agricultural goods. But for many
centuries the world has mutually cooperated and co-existed. In reality,there are no eternal enemies or
friends. And geograpmcal national boundaries have no meaning. Through internet communication,
information and knowledge are exchanged at high speed. Many people are travelling abroad. Recently
international marriage is also increasing. The world (global village) is gradually becoming globalized.
S 연습 (Practice)
안자의 음과 ECO
人S 从1 보세요,
/=느
>
① 7K ② 傳
③ 紀 ④ 境
⑤ 換 ⑥ 球
⑦ 知 ⑧ 識
⑨ 旅 ⑩ 婚
⑩ 村
다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 宗敎 ② 敎會
③ 傳統 ④ 資本主義
⑤ 共産主義 ⑥ 弱肉强食
⑦ 身土不二 ⑧ 世紀
⑨ 地理的 國境 ⑩ 通信速度
⑩ 知識人 情報交換
© 國際結婚
께나 1고 세 계 화 251
제48과 결 혼 식 (結婚式,Wedding Ceremony)
귀하다 : v a lu a b le ,p re c io u s
A prototype o f 臾 (유,short time/basket, sound part) and shell/m oney ( 貝).
Thus gathering shells (money) in a basket indicates som ething o f great
value.
e.gO 귀빈 V IP (Very Im portant Person), 귀족 the nobility
貝 (조개 패) 부 + 5 획 = 총 l 2획
대나무 :b a m b o o
A pictograph o f bam boo w ith spiky leaves.
e.g.) 죽마고우 one’s old friend from childhood (죽마, ch ild ,
s hobbyhorse)
竹 (대나무 죽) 부 + 0 획 = 총6 획
招
초대하다,소환하다 : to invite, to s u m m o n
Hands ( 中) and to call ( 召,소,sound part). O ne invites by calling ( 召)
beckoning (れ
e.e.) 초대 invitation
-
조
(손 수) 부 + 4 획 = 총8 획 ^ 水7 が 招 招 招
기다리다 :to w a it
Two persons/to go along a road い0 and tem ple/public office (寺,사/ 시,
sound part). Two persons ( f ) go and w ait for another person at a temple
(寺)• ^ . . .
e.g.) 기대 expectation, 초대 invitation
(두인 척)부十6획 = 총9 획
곡 :g o o d fo rtu n e , b le s s in g
Show/god ( 示) and full/a pictograph o f a fu ll w ine ja r (1 , 복,sound part).
W hen one performs a sacrificial rite by fillin g a glass w ith w ine, lie/she can
be blessed.
e.g.) 행복 happm 축복 blessing
(福 ) 복 示 (보일 시) 부 + 9획 ニ총 14획 I
동네 :village
W ater ( f ) and the same/together (irL 동, sound part). A village
usually form ed on a riverside ( ? ) ana people lived together there. •
“D ong” is the smallest division o f a city (w ithin a G u) or neighborhood
e.g.) 동네 village ,남영동 Namyeong-doiig
\3 독해 (R e a d in g c o m p re h e n s io n )
It is two years since I came to Korea rrom America. I got engaged to my Korean girlfriend six
v4ノ연습 (Practice)
• 다음 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 貝 ②竹
③ 招 ④待
⑤ 福 ⑥參
⑦ 席 ⑧ 到
⑨ 着 ⑩ 區
© 洞
• 다음 과
■O-H 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 約婚 ② 祝福
③ 結婚式 ④ 祝賀客
⑤ 參席하다 ⑥ 竹馬故友
⑦ 招待狀 ⑧ 到着하다
⑨ 出發 ⑩ 多多
⑩ 新婚旅行 © 選擧區
幸福 © 漢南洞
♦ 8 :라 평 혼 시 255
제49과 범 죄 (犯罪,Crime)
1) フ|본 한자 (B a s ic C h in e s e C h a ra c te rs )
버
(개 견) 부 + 2 획 = 총5 획
:
c rim e , sin
Net/here catching ( ,n]) and to be not/evii (非), A n evil person is cantured
for his/her ' crim e \
e.g.) 죄인 crim inal, 범죄 offense, crime
(그물 망)부 + S 획 ニ총 13 획
번호,부르다,이름 :n u m b e r, to c a ll o u t, s ig n , title
One calls a person by name ( 융) loudly like a tiger's roar (虎 ). Num ber is
an extended m eaning from calling out a person’s name or num ber, as in the
army. Sign is a sim ilar extension from designation,
e.g.) 번호 num ber,호수 serial num ber
ᄒ
2
虎 (호랑이 호)부 十5 획 ニ총 13획
좋다 • g o o d , b e a u tifu l
A pictograph o f sieve into w hich grains were poured. Sifting led by
association to selecting “good” grain.
j우 엇 ^ e.g.) 양심 conscience, フ
H량 improvement
량( 양) 艮 (볼 간) 부 + 1획 = 총7 획
죄수 :p riso n e r
The person (人) contained w ithin an enclosure (□ ) is a prisoner,
e.g.) 수감 im prisonm ent,죄수 prisoner
(입 구) 부 + 2 획 :
ニ총5 획
酉 (닭,술그릇 유) 부 + 3 획 := 총 10 획 厂 in 酒 酒 酒
예 ^겨 훈 경」거• 효 ■ホ ^ ^ ^ 회
찰 ^ (집 면) 부 + ii획 = 총 너획 广 产 穴 宏 察 察
^= = = = ^1^ = M x i^ m x ■し
폐: 、
고 ::끄 — I : ニ'티 고 그 I
ᅳ 그ニ Z 수 도 고 ?
S F JR ᅳLf ~ - ^ v . V^ . V^ l
굳세다,무지 : s tro n g , v ig o ro u s , w e a s p o n
I Foot/stop (止) and spear/halberd (戈). In old tim es, a strong warrior w ith
lialberd advanced on foot w ith vigor,
e.g.) 무기 weapon ,무장 anram ent,비무장지대 D M Z
a
止 (그칠 지) 부 + 4획 = 총8획 구 "r す 武 武
체나 9 과 어피 257
2 단어 (Words)
Contemporary society has developed a lot economically. The living standard is higher than it was
in the past But there are more and more of each type of crime. Youth crime also occurs quite often.
1. 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 犯 ② 罪
③ 號 ④ 囚
⑤ 良 ⑥ 酒
馨
⑦ ⑧ 察
⑨ 武 ⑩ 器
© 刑
2. 다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 犯罪 (2) 靑少年
③ 發生하다 ④ 信號
⑤ 選擧事犯 ⑥ 罪囚
⑦ 良心囚 ⑧ 警察
⑨ 飲酒運轉 ⑩ 核武器
® 死刑制度 ⑩ 禁止
체49과 버최 259
제50과 직 업 (職業,Jobs)
IJ (칼 도)부 + 9 획 -총 11획
노래하다 : to s in g a s o n g
Can/be right ( 可,기-,sound part) and yawning/here opening a m outh ( 欠).
One can ( 可) sing a song by opening (欠) die m outh (□ ) wide.
e.g.) 가수 singer,애국가 the mtional aiithem
可 可
欠 (하품 흠)부+10획= 총l 4획 歌 歌
ᅳ ᅳ ᅳ 그 그 — ~ : • 一. - ■ニ 貧- や^ v •드r •더— — ^ ~ 씻 뼤 •~ \ で— :강데
그림 :p a in tin g , p ictu re
H and w ith a brush (奉) ,fie ld ( 田) ,here a paper and one-here m eaning to
draw (~ ). A painter draws on the paper w ith a brush,
e.g.) 화가 painter,영화 m ovie
비추다 : t o s h in e , to reflect
Sun/day ( 日) and center (央,앙,sound part). The sun shines outward from
its center. R eflection is its associated meaning,
e.g.) 영화 m ovie ,반영 reflection
(날 일)부+5획= 총9획 0 日
' ^ 0그 映 映
:p o e try
W ord/speech ( g ) and temple/ public office ( 寺5 sound part). M any poets
were inspired by the beauty o f temples to write their feelings dow n,usually
in rhythm ical form (하 like a poem or song,
e.g.) 시인 a poet, 시적 poetic
X
言 (말씀 언)부+6획= 총13 획 於 ^ 詩 詩
체50과 지어 261
2 단어 (Words)
職位 직위 a position in a company
本業 본업 a main job
副業 부업 a side job
放送局 방송국 a broadcasting station
敎師 교4 a teacher
歌手 가수 a singer
工場 공장 a factory
逆 독해 (Reading comprehension)
There are a great number of iobs in the world. There are entrepreneurs, company employees and
laborers. Within companies,there are many different positions such as president, vice president,and
section chief. The number of people who have a side job other than their main job is increasing.
There are journalists who work at broadcasting companies or in newspapers. There are university
professors, and teachers who teach at primary, middle and high school. Popular occupations are
singer, athlete,artist,movie director and musician. In factories there are many laborers and
technicians. There are researchers who work at research institutes. Public servants work for the
government and they work for social stability and safety. Doctors work in hospitals and pharmacists
work in drugstores. My friend’s father is an entrepreneur who made his own fortune. My friend is
very interested in bi^iness. It really is like father, like son.
4 연습 (P ra c tic e )
1• 다음 한자의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 副 ② 局
③ 歌 ④ 畫
⑤ 詩 ⑥技
⑦ 術 ⑧ 研
⑨ 究 ⑩ 藥
⑩ 醫 ⑩ 映
다음 단어의 음과 뜻을 써 보세요.
① 社長 ② 副社長
체 50과 지어 263
③ 商務 ④ 職位
⑤ 本業과 副業 ⑥ 映畫
⑦ 新聞社 ⑧ 歌手
⑨ 運動選手 ⑩ 書家
⑩ 音樂家 © 詩ᄉ
研究所 ⑩ 公務員
醫師 ⑩ 藥師
m 재미^는 a ᅣ자성어
群 鶴 一 鶴 군계일학 (이다)
* 群 군 (무리,crowd) 0 鎮 계 (닭,chicken)
• 一 일 (하나,one) • 鶴 학 (학, crane)
1 국명 (國名,Country Names)
韓國 (한국,Korea)
南韓 (남한,South Korea)
北韓 (북한,North Korea)
美國 (미국,United States)
中國 (중국,China)
日本 ( 일본,Japan)
邊洲 (호주/오스트레일리아,Australia)
印度 (인도,India)
泰國 (태국,Thailand)
臺灣 (대만/타이완,Taiwan)
獨逸 (독일,Germany)
佛蘭西 (불란서/프랑스,France)
和蘭 (화란/ 네덜란드,Holland)
南阿共 (남아공,남아프리카 공화국,Republic of South Africa)
、
서울 特別市 (서울 특별ノ], Seoul special municipality)
爸山 (부산,Busan city)
大邱 (대구,Daegu city)
ᄎ田 (대전, Daejeon city)
仁川 (인천,Incheon city)
光州 (광주,Gwangju city)
水原 (수원,Suwon city)
慶州 (경주,Gyeongju city)
濟州 (제주,Jeju city)
京鐵道 (경기도,G y e o n g g i p ro v in c e )
江原道 (강원도5 G a n g w o n p ro v in c e )
忠淸道 (충청도,C h u n g c h e o n g p ro v in c e )
慶尙道 (경상도,G y e o n sa n g p ro v in c e )
濟州道 (제주도,Je ju p ro v in c e )
金 (김) 李 (이) 朴 (박) 崔 (최) 鄭 (정) 姜 (강) 趙 (조) 尹 (윤) 張 (장) 林 (임)
吳 (오) 韓 (한) 甲 (신) 徐 (서) 權 (권) 黃 (황) 安 (안) 宋 (송) 柳 (유) 洪 (홍)
全 (전) 高 (고) 文 (문) 孫 (손) 梁 (양) 衰 (배) 亩 (조) 白 (백) 許 (허) 南 (남)
沈 (심) 劉 (류) 盧 (노) 河 (하) 田 (전) 丁 (정) 郭 (곽) 成 (성) 車 (차) 俞 (유)
具 (구) 禹 (우) 朱 (주) 任 (임) 羅 (나) 辛 (신) 関 (민) 陳 (진) 池 (지) 嚴 (엄)
元 (원) 蔡 (채) 康 (강) 千 (천) 楊 (양) 孔 (공) 玄 (현) 方 (방) 卞 (변) 咸 (함)
魯 (노) 廉 ( 염) 秋 (추) 邊 (변) 都 (도) 石 (석) 愼 (신) 蘇 (소) (선) 周 (주)
r :
. f ^
4 반대어 (反對語,Antonyms)
內外 (내외,in s id e a n d o u tsid e )
出ᄉ (출입,g o in g a n d c o m in g )
高低 ( 고저 ,h ig h a n d lo w )
多少 (다소,m a n y a n d fe w )
회 作心三日 (작심삼일)(이다)
Resolve lasts three days. An unsteady plan.
m 十 中 八 九 (십중팔구)
In nine cases out of ten. The great majority (of).
因 馬耳훑j a (마이동풍)(이다)
The east wind in a horse ear. Utter inaifference.
예) 아무리 말해도 소용없어요. 마이동풍입니다.
E 八 方 美 人 (팔방미인)(이다)
A person who does every things w eli
예) 그분은 노래,그림, 공부 등 둬든지 잘해요. 팔방미인입니디-.
1H 南男 北 女 (남남북녀)( 이다)
South for men and North for women.
예) 남쪽에는 남자가 북쪽에는 여자가 잘생겼대요. 흔히 남남북녀라고 합니다
图 父傳子傳 (부전자전)(이다)
Like father like son; the acorn never far from the tree.
固 竹 馬 故 友 (죽마고우)( 이다)
My childhood friends.
예) 이 친구는 제 죽마고우랍니다.
02 ᅳ 長 一 短 ( 일장일단)(이 있다)
Merits and demerits.
예) 모든 일에 일장일단이 있어요. 사람마다 일장일단이 있지요.
예) 죄송합니다. 정말 유구무언입니다.
圆 外柔内剛 (외유내강)(형이다)
Being gentle in aopearance, but sturdy m spirit.
圆 年 中 無 休 ( 연중무휴)( 이다)
Open vear round.
M 同床異夢 (동상이몽)(이다)
Same bed different dreams.
园 드 三 五 五 (삼삼오오)
By threes and fives; In groups.
예) 여학생들이 삼삼오오 짝을 지어 다닙니디_.
國 張三李四 (장삼이사)
Three Changs and four Lees (lit); Ordinary people.
d 天 高 馬 肥 ( 천고마비)(의 계절이다)
The sky is high and the horse is fat.
예) 가을 하늘은 정말 맑아요. 가을은 천고마비의 계절이지요.
H 群 鶴 一 鶴 (군계일학)( 이다)
In many chickens, one crane (lit); Stands out in the crowd.
예) 우리 반에서 마이클씨가 제일 한국말을 잘해요. 군계일학입니다.
园 白 衣 民 族 (백의민족)( 이다)
White-clad folk; the Korean people.
예) 한국 사람은 옛날부터 흰옷을 좋아해서,백의민족이라고 했어요.
固 青 山 流 水 ( 청산유쉬 ( 처럼)
A runnine stream in a blue mountain (lit); A fluent tongue.
예) 청산유수처럼 말을 잘 하시네요.
11 百 戰 百 勝 (백전백승)( 이다,하다)
One hundred battles and one hundred victories. To win every battle.
예) 그 선수는 올림픽에서 늘 백전백승이지요.
d (용두사미)(가 되다)
Dragon head,snake tail; Starts off with a band and ends with a whimper.
圆 七顚八起 ( 칠전팔기)
To fall down seven times and get up eight.
예) 칠전팔기의 정신으로 시험에 도전했어요.
国 多多 益善 ( 다다익선) ( 이다)
The more, the better.
예) 크리스마스 선물은 많을수록 좋죠. 다다익선입니다.
國 甘 言 利 説 (감언이설)(하다)
Flattery; Soft and seductive language.
예) 감언이설에 속지 마세요.
画 天 生 緣 分 ( 천생연분)(이다)
A match made in heaven.
예) 두 사람은 정말 잘 어울려요. 천생연분입니다.
回 有 名 無 實 (유명무실)(하다)
In name onlv,
예) 이 계약은 이제 유명무실해요.
画 大 器 晚 成 (대기만성)(형이다)
Great talents mature late; Soon ripe,soon rotten.
圈 今 時 初 聞 (금시초문)( 이다)
Hearing a matter for the first time.
예) 그 사람이 결혼하다고요? 금시초문입니다-
圈 時機 尚투 (시기상조)(이다)
Prematurity.
예) 아직 안심하기는 시기상조입니다.
回 千 萬多幸 ( 천만다행)(이다)
Being extremely tortunate.
圆 東奔西走 (동분서주)(하다)
Busy oneself with something.
國 語 不 成 説 ( 어불성설)( 이다)
Lack of logic.
예) 네 말은 어불성설이야. 말도 안돼. 도저히 받아들일 수 없구나.
SOUND IN D E X 275
到(253) 圖(期 ) 씨 24) 面(144) 免(244)
독 獨(137) 명 皿(32) 名(54) 明(91) 命(179)
동 東(62) 同(83) 動(141) 冬(157) 洞(253) 모 母(86) 毛(114)
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문 門(63) 歐 75) 文(74) 聞(167)
락 落(낙,243) 樂(악/ 요,212) 물 物(154)
란 蘭(난,137) 미 米(34) 美(67) 未(99) 尾(188)
래 來(내,95) 民(66)
랭 冷(냉,179)
량 兩(양,189) 量(양,235) 良(양,256) 박 朴(148) 博(217)
러 旅(여,249) 반 半(102) 反(118)
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럴 列(열,221) 방 方(62) 訪(75) 放(171) 防(180) 房(202)
령 令(영,179) 領(영,180) 邦(240)
레 例(예,221) 백 白(162) 百(55)
로 老(노,141) 盧(노,149) 路(노,222) 범 犯(256)
勞(노,229) 법 法(115)
록 綠(녹,163) 錄(녹,207) 변 便(148)
론 論(논,190) 별 別(193)
료 料(요,172) 병 病(221)
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류 柳(유,150) 流 (유,166) 복 欠(28) 復(2似) 福(252)
륙 六(육,51) 陸(육,132) 本(67)
리 李(이,148) 里(이,39) 職 이,185) 部(79) 不(불,82) 父(86) 夫(86) 婦(87)
利(이,235) 富(I27) 府(184) 11(193) 副(260)
림 林(임,150) 북 北(배,63)
립 立(입,83) 分 (79) 奔(210)
弗(54) 不(부,82) 佛(137)
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패貝(38) 敗(2()6)
평 平(95)
폐閉(207)
표表(110) 票(221)
품品(226)
f 風(154)
필必(123)
SOUMD IN D E X 279